-
1 éducation
éducation [edykasjɔ̃]1. feminine nouna. ( = enseignement) educationb. ( = manières) manners2. compounds► l'Éducation nationale ( = système) state education ; ( = ministère) ≈ Department for Education and Employment (Brit) Department of Education (US)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━State education in France is divided into four levels: « maternelle » (for children 2-6 years old), « primaire » (including « école élémentaire » and « école primaire », for 7 to 11-year-olds), « secondaire » (including « collège » and « lycée », for 12 to 18-year-olds) and « supérieur » (universities and other higher education establishments).Private education (mainly in Catholic schools) is structured in a similar way to the state system. → ACADÉMIE COLLÈGE CONCOURS DIPLÔMES LYCÉE* * *edykasjɔ̃1) ( enseignement) education2) ( formation de personne) education3) ( entraînement) training4) ( bonnes manières) manners (pl)•Phrasal Verbs:* * *edykasjɔ̃ nf1) (par l'enseignement) educationIl n'a pas beaucoup d'éducation. — He's not very well educated.
2) (familiale) upbringingIl a reçu une éducation très stricte. — He had a very strict upbringing.
3) (= savoir-vivre) manners plsans éducation — bad-mannered, ill-bred
* * *éducation nf1 ( enseignement) education; éducation artistique/musicale/permanente/sexuelle art/music/continuing/sex education; ici, les enfants reçoivent une très bonne éducation here, children get a very good education;2 ( formation de personne) education; faire l'éducation de qn to educate sb;3 ( entraînement) training; éducation de la mémoire memory training; éducation de la voix vocal ou voice training; éducation de la volonté development of willpower;4 ( bonnes manières) manners (pl); manquer d'éducation to show a lack of manners; avoir de l'éducation to have good manners; être sans éducation to be ill-mannered.Éducation Nationale, EN ( ministère) ministry of Education; ( système) state education; éducation physique physical education, PE GB, phys ed US; éducation surveillée Admin state education system for young offenders.[edykasjɔ̃] nom féminin1. [instruction] educationéducation physique (et sportive) physical education, PE2. [d'un enfant] upbringing[bonnes manières] good mannersavoir de l'éducation to be well-bred ou well-manneredcomment, tu ne connais pas, c'est toute une éducation à refaire! (humoristique) what do you mean you've never heard of it, where on earth have you been? -
2 education
A n1 ( training) gen éducation f, instruction f ; (in health, road safety) information f ; musical/political/moral education éducation musicale/politique/morale ; education is the key to success l'éducation est la clé de la réussite ;2 ( formal schooling) études fpl ; private/state school education études dans une école privée/dans une école publique ; to continue one's education poursuivre ses études ; education should be available to all l'instruction devrait être accessible à tous ; to have had a university ou college education avoir fait des études supérieures ; to get a good education faire de solides études ; she has had little education elle n'a pas beaucoup d'instruction ;3 ( national system) enseignement m ; primary/secondary education enseignement primaire/secondaire ; government spending on education le budget de l'éducation ;B modif [budget, spending, crisis] de l'enseignement ; [method] Sch, Univ d'enseignement ; [Minister, Ministry] Admin de l'Éducation ; [department] Univ des sciences de l'éducation ; [diploma] Univ en sciences de l'éducation ; [allowance] d'études ; education standards Sch niveau m scolaire ; Univ niveau m universitaire ; the education system in France/Britain le système éducatif français/britannique. -
3 France
The continental European country with which Portugal has had the closest and most friendly relations since the Middle Ages and whose culture since early modern times has been the most important model for Portugal's culture. Beginning in the Reconquest, French groups assisted the Portuguese in fighting the Muslims, and Portugal's first royal dynasty was Burgundian. Various French religious orders settled in Portugal and brought new skills and ideas. Franco-Portuguese relations in diplomacy went through various phases after a virtual break between the two monarchies during the Hundred Years' War and Castile's campaigns to conquer Portugal up to the battle of Aljubarrota (1385), when France was the main ally of Castile. France gave Portugal vital assistance in the 16th and 17th centuries against Spanish aggression. French aid was given to Dom Antônio, Prior of Crato, who opposed Filipe's domination of Portugal, and to restoration Portugal during the War of Restoration (1640-68). With the important exception of the disastrous Napoleonic invasions and war (1807-11), Franco-Portuguese relations in diplomacy, trade, and culture were exceptionally good from the first quarter of the 19th century.In part as a response to unpopular Castilianization during Spain's domination, the Portuguese found French culture a comforting, novel foil and prestigious alternative. Despite Great Britain's dominance in matters commercial, diplomatic, and political under the Anglo- Portuguese Alliance, French culture and politics came to enjoy primary importance in Portugal. Even in commerce, France was Portugal's third or fourth best customer during the 19th century. Especially between 1820 and 1960, French influence provided a major model for the well-educated.A brief list of some key political, literary, philosophical, and artistic ideas Portugal eagerly embraced is suggestive. King Pedro IV's 1826 Charter ( A Carta) was directly modeled on an early French constitution. French models of liberalism and socialism prevailed in politics; impressionism in art; romanticism and realism, Parnassian-ism, and symbolism in literature; positivism and Bergsonianism in philosophy, etc. During the 18th and 19th centuries, the Portuguese language, including vocabulary and orthography (spelling), experienced extensive Frenchification. French became the second language of Portugal's elite, providing access to knowledge and information vital for the education and development of isolated Portugal.French cultural influences became pervasive and entered the country by various means: through the French invasions before 1811, trade and commerce, improved international communication and transportation, Portuguese emigration to France (which became a mass movement after 1950), and close diplomatic and intellectual relations. An example of the importance of French culture until recently, when British and American cultural influences have become more significant, was that works in French dominated foreign book sections in Portuguese bookstores. If Portugal retained the oldest diplomatic link in world history with Britain, its chief cultural model until recently was France. Until after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, the largest portion of Portugal's educated elite studying abroad resided in France and took French higher degrees. The pattern of Portuguese students in higher education abroad has diversified in the years since, and now a significant portion are studying in other European continental states as well as in Britain and the United States. Diplomatic posts in France rank high in the pecking order of Portugal's small foreign service. -
4 Education nationale
the French state education system, and the largest employer in France. Teachers and administrative staff with tenured jobs in the state education system are classed as fonctionnaires, or civil servants. Counting tenured employees and those with short-term contracts ( contractuels), the EN has some 1.1 million employees, including about 850,000 teachers. The Education Nationale is administered centrally by theMEN ( Ministère de l'Education Nationale), and on a regional basis through Académies, each one presided over by a Recteur.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Education nationale
-
5 Collège de France
Founded by François I in 1530, located close to the Sorbonne in Paris, the Collège de France is an academy of learning which is outside the normal education system. It provides a programme of lectures and seminars conducted by some of the greatest academics in France, but open to the public. It does not deliver any degrees or diplomas. Members are elected for life from among leading academics, and the title Professeur au Collège de France is the highest distinction possible in French academia.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Collège de France
-
6 Society of the Sacred Heart (A Roman Catholic religious congregation of women devoted to the education of girls, founded in France in 1800)
Религия: "Общество Пресвятого Сердца"Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Society of the Sacred Heart (A Roman Catholic religious congregation of women devoted to the education of girls, founded in France in 1800)
-
7 enseignement
enseignement [ɑ̃sεɲ(ə)mɑ̃]masculine nouna. ( = cours, système scolaire) education• enseignement primaire/secondaire primary/secondary educationb. ( = carrière) l'enseignement teaching* * *ɑ̃sɛɲmɑ̃nom masculin1) ( institution) education2) ( activité) teaching3) ( formation) instruction4) ( cours) tuition5) ( leçon) lesson•Phrasal Verbs:* * *ɑ̃sɛɲ(ə)mɑ̃1. nm(= éducation) educationenseignement primaire — primary education Grande-Bretagne grade school education USA
enseignement secondaire — secondary education Grande-Bretagne high school education USA
2. enseignements nmpl(= leçon, morale) teachings* * *enseignement nm1 ( institution) education; l'enseignement primaire/secondaire/supérieur primary/secondary/higher education; l'enseignement public/privé/universitaire state GB ou public US/private/university education; politique/secteur de l'enseignement education policy/sector; réforme de l'enseignement educational reform;2 ( activité) teaching; se consacrer à l'enseignement to devote oneself to teaching; l'enseignement des langues vivantes modern language teaching; programmes/méthodes/matériaux d'enseignement teaching programmesGB/methods/materials; carrière de l'enseignement teaching career; entrer dans l'enseignement to enter the teaching profession; activités/équipements d'enseignement educational activities/facilities;3 ( formation) instruction; l'enseignement théorique/pratique theoretical/practical instruction;4 ( cours) tuition; l'enseignement individuel individual tuition; dispenser/recevoir un enseignement to give/receive tuition;5 ( leçon) lesson; enseignements d'un échec/de l'expérience lessons drawn from failure/experience; plein or riche d'enseignements full of lessons to be learned; tirer les enseignements de to draw a lesson from.enseignement artistique art education; enseignement assisté par ordinateur, EAO computer-aided learning, CAL; enseignement audiovisuel audiovisual teaching; enseignement par correspondance distance learning; enseignement à distance distance learning; enseignement général mainstream education; enseignement libre denominational education; enseignement ménager Scol domestic science; enseignement mixte coeducation; enseignement professionnel vocational training ou education; enseignement religieux religious instruction; enseignement technique technical education.[ɑ̃sɛɲmɑ̃] nom masculin1. [instruction] education2. [méthodes d'instruction] teaching (methods)3. [système scolaire]enseignement primaire/supérieur primary/higher educationenseignement public state education ou schools4. [profession]l'enseignement teaching, the teaching professiontravailler dans l'enseignement to work in education ou the teaching profession -
8 laïque
laïque [laik]1. adjective2. masculine noun* * *laik
1.
adjectif [école, enseignement] nondenominational GB, public US; [État, esprit] secular
2.
nom masculin et féminin layman/laywoman* * *laik1. adj1) (institution, état) secular2) ÉDUCATION state modif (as opposed to private and Roman Catholic)2. nm/f(= homme) layman, (= femme) laywoman* * *A adj [école, enseignement] nondenominational GB, public US; [vie, loi, esprit] secular; [État, république] secular; [habit] ( de prêtre) lay; ( de religieux) secular.B nmf layman/laywoman; les laïques lay people. -
9 Universities
In France, universities are not at the top of the pinnacle of higher education. This top position is taken by Grandes Ecoles. However, French universities generally hold their own against all but the 'top' universities in other countries, and are remarkably productive, in terms of the balance between the number of graduates produced and the level of investment.France has 82 state universities, plus 5 Catholic universities (and a large number of private instituts, some of which award degrees.) For more information, see article on Higher Education in France.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Universities
-
10 palme
palme [palm]feminine nouna. ( = feuille) palm leaf ; ( = symbole) palmb. ( = distinction) prize• la palme revient à... the prize goes to...c. [de nageur] flipper* * *palm2) Sport ( pour nager) flipper3) Armée ( décoration) ≈ bar4) fig prize* * *palm nf1) BOTANIQUE palm leaf2) (= symbole) palm3)remporter la palme; avoir la palme ironique — to take the biscuit Grande-Bretagne to take the cake USA
Pour la bêtise, il a la palme. — For stupidity, he takes the biscuit.
4) [plongeur] flipper* * *palme nf2 Sport ( pour nager) flipper;4 fig prize; décerner la palme de la politesse à qn to award sb the prize for politeness; remporter la palme to take the prize.la palme d'or Cin the Palme d'or; palmes académiques Univ academic decoration for services to education.[palm] nom féminin[palmier] palm treehuile/vin de palme palm oil/wine2. [distinction] palma. [être le meilleur] to be the best————————palmes nom féminin plurielpalmes académiquesdecoration for services to education, the arts or science -
11 Lycée
French high school, covering the last three years of secondary education (grades 10 to 12). Important lycées also offer post-baccalaureate classes for selected students. Lycées prepare students to take theBaccalauréat, for subsequent entry into higher education; some lycées also include post-baccalaureate levels preparing students for entry into Grandes Ecoles. For more details see article on secondary education in FranceDictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Lycée
-
12 Demenÿ, Georges
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 1850 Douai, France d. 1917[br]French chronophotographer.[br]As a young man Georges Demenÿ was a pioneer of physical education in France, and this led him to contact the physiologist Professor Marey in 1880. Marey had made a special study of animal movement, and Demenÿ hoped to work with him on research into physiological problems related to gymnastics. He joined Marey the following year, and when in 1882 the Physiological Station was set up near Paris to develop sequence photography for the study of movement. Demenÿ was made Head of the laboratory. He worked with the multiple-image fixed-plate cameras, and was chiefly responsible for the analysis of the records, having considerable mathematical and graphical ability. He also appeared as the subject in a number of the sequences. When in 1888 Marey began the development of a film camera, Demenÿ was involved in its design and operation. He became interested in the possibility of using animated sequence photographs as an aid to teaching of the deaf. He made close-up records of himself speaking short phrases, "Je vous aime" and "Vive la France" for example, which were published in such journals as Paris Photographe and La Nature in 1891 and 1892. To present these in motion, he devised the Phonoscope, which he patented on 3 March 1892. The series of photographs were mounted around the circumference of a disc and viewed through a counter-rotating slotted disc. The moving images could be viewed directly, or projected onto a screen. La Nature reported tests he had made in which deaf lip readers could interpret accurately what was being said. On 20 December 1892 Demenÿ formed a company, Société Générale du Phonoscope, to exploit his invention, hoping that "speaking portraits" might replace family-album pictures. This commercial activity led to a rift between Marey and Demenÿ in July 1893. Deprived of access to the film cameras, Demenÿ developed designs of his own, patenting new camera models in France on 10 October 1893 and 27 July 1894. The design covered by the latter had been included in English and German patents filed in December 1893, and was to be of some significance in the early development of cinematography. It was for an intermittent movement of the film, which used an eccentrically mounted blade or roller that, as it rotated, bore on the film, pulling down the length of one frame. As the blade moved away, the film loop so formed was taken up by the rotation of the take-up reel. This "beater" movement was employed extensively in the early years of cinematography, being effective yet inexpensive. It was first employed in the Chronophotographe apparatus marketed by Gaumont, to whom Demenÿ had licensed the patent rights, from the autumn of 1896. Demenÿ's work provided a link between the scientific purposes of sequence photography— chronophotography—and the introduction of commercial cinematography.[br]Further ReadingJ.Deslandes, 1966, Histoire comparée du cinéma, Vol. I, Paris. B.Coe, 1992, Muybridge and the Chronophotographers, London.BC -
13 palmé
palme [palm]feminine nouna. ( = feuille) palm leaf ; ( = symbole) palmb. ( = distinction) prize• la palme revient à... the prize goes to...c. [de nageur] flipper* * *palm2) Sport ( pour nager) flipper3) Armée ( décoration) ≈ bar4) fig prize* * *palm nf1) BOTANIQUE palm leaf2) (= symbole) palm3)remporter la palme; avoir la palme ironique — to take the biscuit Grande-Bretagne to take the cake USA
Pour la bêtise, il a la palme. — For stupidity, he takes the biscuit.
4) [plongeur] flipper* * *palme nf2 Sport ( pour nager) flipper;4 fig prize; décerner la palme de la politesse à qn to award sb the prize for politeness; remporter la palme to take the prize.la palme d'or Cin the Palme d'or; palmes académiques Univ academic decoration for services to education.2. (familier & locution) -
14 Baccalauréat
The classic school leaving certificate, taken by pupils reaching the end of secondary education. The traditional baccalauréat is caélled the Baccalauréat Général; a more recent innovation is the Baccalauréat professionnel (see above). The general baccalauréat is divided into three "series"; letters, science, and economic and social studies. for more detail see education in France.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Baccalauréat
-
15 BTS
Brevet de Technicien supérieur, a two-year higher education diploma. See Higher education in France -
16 Classes Préparatoires
University-level classes provided in major lycées, preparing students for competitive exams for entry into selective institutes of higher education. See article on Higher education in FranceDictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Classes Préparatoires
-
17 Collège
Middle school, the intermediate level in French school education between primary school and lycée. For more details see Primary and Secondary Education in France.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Collège
-
18 Ecole Primaire
Primary school, for the education of pupils between the ages of 6 and 11. There are five classes. In some small rural primary schools, teachers may still take several classes together. For further details see Primary & secondary education in France.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Ecole Primaire
-
19 Grandes Ecoles
The French higher education system is different from that of other developed countries, and the pinnacle of the system is represented not by universities, but by classically French institutions known as "Grandes Ecoles". Unlike most university departments, which are open to all students with a relevant baccalaureate, Grandes Ecoles operate a highly competitive selection process. The classic way to train for these competitive entrance exams ( concours) is to take two years' extra classes, known as Classes Préparatoires, in Lycée, after theBaccalaureate. See higher education in France.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Grandes Ecoles
-
20 Sciences Po
Name used, even formally, by the Institut des Etudes Politiques de Paris, an autonomous state-funded school of higher education (grand établissement), founded in 1872, and a university in all but name. The undergraduate course at Sciences Po, designed to produce graduates with a solid understanding of the workings of the modern world, is a pluridisciplinary degree covering a range of social sciences, including history, law, politics, economics, sociology, and foreign languages. Many leading French politicians, businessmen and civil servants have degrees from Sciences Po, and the school's increasing success has led to the opening of smaller campuses, offering specialist courses, in Dijon, Poitiers, Menton and Nancy.Sciences Po is one of the top ranked institutes of higher education in France and in Europe, and competition for places is stiff. The school runs joint degree courses with several top international schools, including the universities of Columbia and Georgetown in the USA, and LSE in Great Britain. Many leading French politicians, businessmen and civil servants have degrees from Sciences Po, and the school's increasing success has led to the opening of smaller campuses, offering specialist courses, in Dijon, Poitiers, Menton and Nancy.The official Aeres audit of Sciences Po in 2008 described the institution as being "seen from abroad as a typically French institution, rather difficult to situate and to comprehend." It defined the school's mission as being to train graduates with "knowledge, but also understanding, of society and the world... in short to educate them".The name 'Sciences Po' is also used commonly to refer to Instituts d'Etudes Politiques (IEP) attached to a number of universities.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Sciences Po
См. также в других словарях:
Education in France — School system in France The French educational system is highly centralized, organized, and ramified. It is divided into three different stages: the primary education (enseignement primaire); secondary education (enseignement secondaire); higher… … Wikipedia
Education en France — Système éducatif français Système éducatif en France Organisme de tutelle Ministre de l’éducation nationale Ministère de l’Éducation nationale Ministère de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche Luc Chatel Budget … Wikipédia en Français
Éducation en France — Système éducatif français Système éducatif en France Organisme de tutelle Ministre de l’éducation nationale Ministère de l’Éducation nationale Ministère de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche Luc Chatel Budget … Wikipédia en Français
Ministere de l'Education nationale (France) — Ministère de l Éducation nationale (France) Cet article traite du ministère comme administration. Pour une vue d ensemble du système éducatif, voir système éducatif français. Ministère de l Éducation nationale Création 1828 : ministère de l… … Wikipédia en Français
Ministère de l'Education nationale (France) — Ministère de l Éducation nationale (France) Cet article traite du ministère comme administration. Pour une vue d ensemble du système éducatif, voir système éducatif français. Ministère de l Éducation nationale Création 1828 : ministère de l… … Wikipédia en Français
Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (France) — Cet article traite du ministère comme administration. Pour une vue d ensemble du système éducatif, voir système éducatif français. Ministère de l Éducation nationale Création 1828 : ministère de l Instruction publique 1932 : ministère… … Wikipédia en Français
Ministère de l’Education nationale (France) — Ministère de l Éducation nationale (France) Cet article traite du ministère comme administration. Pour une vue d ensemble du système éducatif, voir système éducatif français. Ministère de l Éducation nationale Création 1828 : ministère de l… … Wikipédia en Français
Histoire de l'éducation en France — Le système éducatif français a connu d importantes évolutions à travers l histoire. Ces évolutions n ont pas été continues, mais cette histoire est marquée par un accès de plus en plus large à l enseignement, depuis l Ancien Régime jusqu à nos… … Wikipédia en Français
Histoire De L'éducation En France — Le système éducatif français a connu d importantes évolutions à travers l histoire. Ces évolutions n ont pas été continues, mais cette histoire est marquée par un accès de plus en plus large à l enseignement, depuis l Ancien Régime jusqu à nos… … Wikipédia en Français
Histoire de l'education en France — Histoire de l éducation en France Le système éducatif français a connu d importantes évolutions à travers l histoire. Ces évolutions n ont pas été continues, mais cette histoire est marquée par un accès de plus en plus large à l enseignement,… … Wikipédia en Français
Histoire de l'éducation en france — Le système éducatif français a connu d importantes évolutions à travers l histoire. Ces évolutions n ont pas été continues, mais cette histoire est marquée par un accès de plus en plus large à l enseignement, depuis l Ancien Régime jusqu à nos… … Wikipédia en Français