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1 cemen(cén)
spelt "kemen" in some sources, "cemen" in others noun "earth" VT44:34, Cemenyë "k" "and Earth" VT47:11. Cemen refers to the earth as a flat floor beneath menel, the heavens SA:kemen; "soil, earth" KEM,LT1:257. At one stage, Tolkien intended cemen to be the genitive of cén; later cemen became the nominative, and the status of cén is uncertain. See Kementári. Locative cemessë, cemenzë really spelt with c rather than k in one version, but also kemenze in the Quenya Lord's Prayer; later changed to kemendë, cemendë VT43:17 -
2 Endor
place-name "Middle-earth" SA:dôr, NDOR, "centre of the world" EN; also long form Endórë "Middle-earth" Appendix E; allative Endorenna "to Middle-earth" in EO. The form Endór in MR:121 may be seen as archaic, intermediate between Endórë and Endor since long vowels in a final syllable are normally shortened: Endór Endor. Endór functions as an uninflected genitive in the source: Aran Endór, "King of Middle-earth". -
3 mar
1 noun "earth" world, also "home, dwelling, mansion". Stem mard- VT46:13, PE17:64, also seen in the ablative Mardello "from earth" FS; the word is used with a more limited sense in oromardi high halls sg. oromar, PM17:64, referring to the dwellings of Manwë and Varda on Mt. Taniquetil Nam, RGEO:66. The initial element of Mardorunando q.v. may be the genitive mardo distinguish mardo "dweller". May be more or less identical to már "home, house, dwelling" of persons or peoples; in names like Valimar, Vinyamar, Mar-nu-Falmar, Mardil SA:bar, VT45:33, VT47:6. Már is however unlikely to have the stem-form mard-; a "Qenya" genitive maren appears in the phrase hon-maren, q.v., suggesting that its stem is mar-. A possible convention could therefore be to use már mar- for "home, house" also when = household, family as in Mardil, q.v., whereas mar mard- is used for for "earth, world". Early "Qenya" has mar mas- "dwelling of men, the Earth, -land" LT1:251; notice that in LotR-style Quenya, a word in -r cannot have a stem-form in -s-. -
4 arda
noun "realm" GAR under 3AR. It is said that arda, when used as a common noun, "meant any more or less bounded or defined place, a region" WJ:402, or "a particular land or region" WJ:413.Capitalized Arda "the Realm", name of the Earth as the kingdom of Manwë Silm, "the name given to our world or earth...within the immensity of Eä"Letters:283, there again rendered realm, our planet MR:39, once translated "Earth" SD:246. In a wider sense, Arda can refer to the entire Solar System MR:337. Also name of tengwa \#26 Appendix E. Masc. name Ardamírë "Jewel of the World" PM:348, shorter form Ardamir UT:210; Ardaranyë the Kingdom of Arda PE17:105 -
5 Kementári
noun "Earth-queen", title of Yavanna SA:tar. The Kemen- of this name was at one stage intended as the genitive of kén, kem- "earth", so that Kementári meant "Earth's Queen", but Tolkien later changed the Quenya genitive ending from -en to -o. Apparently so as to maintain the name Kementári, he turned kemen into the nominative form; see cemen. -
6 ambar
1 "a-mbar" noun "oikumenē Greek: the earth as the human habitation, Earth, world" MBAR, stem ambar- PE17:66, related to and associated with mar "home, dwelling" VT45:33; in VT46:13 the latter glosses are possibly also ascribed to the word ambar itself the wording is not clear. The form ambaren also listed in the Etymologies was presumably intended as the genitive singular at the time of writing in LotR-style Quenya it would rather be the dative singular; in the printed version in LR, the misreading "ambaron" appears see VT45:33. Ambar-metta noun "the end of the world" EO; spelt ambarmetta in VT44:36. The element \#umbar in Tarumbar "King of the World" q.v. would seem to be a variant of ambar, just like ambar \#2 "doom" also alternates with umbar see below. 2 noun "fate, doom" variant of umbar? in Turambar SA:amarth; stem ambart- PE17:66, instrumental ambartanen "by doom" Silm ch. 21, UT:138, PE17:66. The early "Qenya" lexicon has ambar "Fate", also amarto LT2:348 3 noun "breast chest, with stem in -s- or -r- QL:30. The form ambar, translated in bosom,occurs in MC:213 this is "Qenya". Note: if this word were to be adapted to LotR-style Quenya, we should probably have to read *ambas with stem ambar-; compare olos, olor- dream from a late source. However, the form ambos q.v. is less ambiguous and may be preferred. -
7 helca
"k" adj. "icy, ice-cold" misprint "helk" in the Etymologies as printed in LR, entry KHELEK; both the Silmarillion Appendix and LT1:254 have helka, and VT45:21 finally confirmed that there is a final -a in Tolkien's Etymologies manuscript as well. In Helcar, the Inland Sea in the north-east of Middle-earth, and Helcaraxë, the Grinding Ice between Araman and Middle-earth SA; spelt "Helkarakse" in the Etymologies, stem KARAK -
8 Endamar
place-name "Middle-earth" EN, MBAR, NDOR. However, Middle-earth is normally called Endor, Endórë. -
9 cemi
noun "earth, soil, land"; Cémi "k""Mother Earth" LT1:257; the "Qenya" word cemi would correspond to cemen in LotR-style Quenya -
10 men-
4 vb. "go" VT47:11, cf. VT42:30, VT49:23, attested in the aorist menë in the sentence imbi Menel Cemenyë menë Ráno tië "between Heaven and Earth goes the path of the Moon". In the verb nanwen- return or go/come back, -men- is changed to -wen- following nan- back etymological form cited as nan-men-, PE17:166. In examples from VT49:23, 24, Tolkien used men- in the sense of go as far as: 1st person sg. aorist menin menin coaryanna I arrive at or come/get to his house, endingless aorist menë, present tense ména- is on point of arrival, is just coming to an end, past tense mennë arrived, reached, in this tense usually with locative rather than allative mennen sís I arrived here, perfect eménië has just arrived, future menuva will arrive. All of these examples were first written with the verb as ten- rather than men-, Tolkien then emending the initial consonant. -
11 Entarda
place-name "Thither Lands, Middle-earth, Outer Lands, East" seen from Aman EN, VT45:12 -
12 palúrë
noun "surface, bosom, bosom of Earth" = Old English folde PAL; cf. Palúrien. -
13 ilúvë
noun "allness, the all". In Ilúvatar "All-father". SA; WJ:402, MR:471, IL In MR:355, ilúvë seems to be equated with Heaven. Cf. SD:401: Ilúvë Ilu "Heaven, the universe, all that is with and without the Earth". -
14 -yë
4 conj. "and" as a suffix added to the second of a pair, as Menel Cemenyë "Heaven and Earth" VT47:30, 31, VT49:25. Other "pairs" are mentioned as examples but not actually translated into Quenya by Tolkien: Sun and Moon *Anar Isilyë, Land and Sea *Nór Eäryë, fire and water *nárë nenyë, or *úr nenyë. -
15 Martan
2, also Martano, noun "Earth-smith", "Earthbuilder", a surname of Aule TAN, GAWA/GOWO the form Martanō given under MBAR must be understood as a primitive form. LT1:266 refers to a very late note where a variant Quenya form Martamo is derived from ¤mbartanōworld-artificer; the stated primitive form as well as the Sindarin cognate Barthan would suggest that the Quenya form should be Martano; on the other hand, tamo q.v. does occur as a variant of tano smith. -
16 Mardorunando
noun "Redeemer of the world" VT44:17. Unless the initial element mardo- is a distinct and otherwise unattested word for "world", it may be the genitive form of mar mard- "earth", q.v. -
17 Menel
noun "heavens" Markirya, SA, "the heavens, the firmament" SD:401, "the apparent dome in the sky" MR:387. Menel Cemenyë "k" "Heaven and Earth" VT47:30. Found in names like Meneldil *"Heaven-friend" = astronomer Appendix A; Letters:386, Meneldur masc. name, *"Heaven-servant" Appendix A, Tar-Menelduras a Númenórean King, UT:210; menelluin *"sky-blue", used as noun = "cornflower" J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator p. 193. Menelmacar "Swordsman of the Sky", the Orion constellation also called Telumehtar, Appendix E, first footnote; the older name was Menelmacil *"Heaven-sword" WJ:411; Meneltarma "Pillar of Heaven", name of the great central mountain of Númenor SA:tar, VT42:21.Menelya fifth day of the Eldarin six-day week, dedicated to the heavens Appendix D Locative meneldë "in heaven"; abandoned forms menellë, menelzë VT43:12, 16. Adj. meneldëa "being in heaven", evidently based on a locative form meneldë "in heaven"; abandoned forms menelzëa, menellëa, menelessëa VT43:13, VT44:16; the last of these forms would suggest the locative form \#menelessë. -
18 quanda
"q" adj: i quanda "all the, the whole" apparently to be followed by a noun. The article i should perhaps not be included when the following noun is already determined by being a proper name *quanda Endor "the whole of Middle-earth" or a pronominal suffix *quanda hroanya, "my whole body", though we cannot be certain. QL:70 -
19 cemna
"k" adj. "of earth, earthen" In Etym as printed in LR:363 s.v. KEM, this word is cited as cemina, but according to VT45:19 Tolkien's manuscript actually reads cemna. -
20 Mairon
masc. name the Admirable cf. adj. maira, said to be the original name of Sauron, changed when he was suborned by Melkor, but he continued to call himself Mairon the Admirable, or Tar-mairon King Excellent, until after the downfall of Númenor PE17:183. Since Sauron had joined Melkor before the Elves came to Valinor and developed the Quenya language, we are perhaps to understand that Mairon is a translation by sense of Saurons original Valarin name, though Sauron himself may seem to have used the Elvish form in Middle-earth and on Númenor.
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