-
1 to draw money from the fund
English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > to draw money from the fund
-
2 fund
1. n1) запас, резерв, фонд2) pl фонды, денежные средства
- accumulation fund
- adequate funds
- actual fund
- additional funds
- advisory funds
- aggressive growth fund
- amortization fund
- authorized fund
- available funds
- balanced fund
- bank funds
- basic fund
- bond fund
- bond sinking fund
- bonus fund
- borrowed funds
- budgetary funds
- burial fund
- buy-out fund
- capital fund
- capital redemption reserve fund
- cash fund
- charter fund
- claims settlement fund
- clearing house funds
- clone fund
- closed fund
- closed-end investment funds
- common stock fund
- common trust fund
- compensation fund
- consolidated fund
- consumption fund
- contingency funds
- contingent fund
- contract fund
- co-op share fund
- corporate income fund
- corporate liquid fund
- country fund
- cover funds
- credit funds
- currency fund
- debt fund
- debt funds
- deferred fund
- deposit funds
- depreciation fund
- development fund
- discretionary fund
- diversified common stock fund
- diversified common trust fund
- dividend reserve fund
- economic incentive fund
- economic stimulation fund
- emergency funds
- emergency reserve fund
- emerging markets growth fund
- employee benefit trust fund
- endowment fund
- equalization fund
- equalized fund
- equity funds
- equity common trust fund
- equity income fund
- escrow funds
- exchange stabilization fund
- expense fund
- extra funds
- extra-budgetary funds
- federal fund
- federal funds
- federal reserve fund
- federal small business support fund
- fiduciary funds
- financial fund
- financing funds
- floating funds
- floating funds in circulation
- footloose funds
- foreign funds
- fresh funds
- front-end load fund
- frozen funds
- general fund
- go-go fund
- gold settlement fund
- good funds
- government funds
- growth fund
- growth and income fund
- guarantee fund
- hard-currency funds
- hedge fund
- high-quality fund
- house funds
- illiquid funds
- imprest fund
- income fund
- income mutual fund
- indemnification fund
- indivisible funds
- inducement fund
- in-house funds
- insufficient funds
- insurance fund
- interest-sensitive funds
- internal funds
- International Monetary Fund
- investment funds
- joint fund
- labour fund
- lease fund
- lendable funds
- liquid fund
- liquid funds
- liquid foreign exchange funds
- liquid reserve fund
- liquidity fund
- load mutual fund
- loan fund
- loan funds
- loanable funds
- loan redemption fund
- local fund
- long-term funds
- low-cost funds
- material incentives fund
- maximum capital gain mutual fund
- monetary fund
- money market fund
- money market mutual fund
- mutual fund
- mutual mortgage insurance fund
- no-load fund
- off-budget fund
- offshore fund
- open-end investment fund
- open share fund
- outside funds
- overnight funds
- payroll fund
- pension fund
- performance fund
- petty cash fund
- policy reserve fund
- private fund
- private funds
- professional health insurance fund
- proprietary fund
- provident fund
- public funds
- public consumption funds
- public off-budget funds
- purchase fund
- real estate fund
- redemption fund
- registered fund
- released fund
- relief fund
- renewal fund
- research-and-development fund
- reserve funds
- retention funds
- revaluation rerserve fund
- revolving fund
- sector-specified fund
- share fund
- shareholders' fund
- short-term funds
- short-term bond fund
- sinking fund
- slush fund
- social consumption funds
- social security fund
- soft loan fund
- specialized fund
- specialty fund
- special-purpose fund
- special reserve fund
- stabilization fund
- standards of emergency funds
- standby funds
- state funds
- statutory fund
- sufficient funds
- superannuation fund
- surplus funds
- tax-exempt bond fund
- tied-up funds
- trust fund
- uncollected funds
- unit fund
- unpaid liability funds
- utility or other-enterprise fund
- volatile funds
- vulture fund
- wages fund
- welfare fund
- working capital fund
- working time fund
- fund for amortization
- fund for development of production
- fund for expansion of production
- fund for the support of small enterprise
- fund for technological improvement
- funds of a bank
- funds of an enterprise
- fund of funds
- administer a fund
- advance funds
- allocate funds
- appropriate funds
- attract funds
- be pressed for funds
- borrow funds
- call upon the fund
- commit the funds
- convert funds to another purpose
- create funds
- deposit funds
- draw money from the fund
- earmark funds
- establish a fund
- extend funds
- freeze funds
- generate funds
- grant funds
- invest funds
- launch a hedge fund
- make funds available
- manage a fund
- misspend federal funds
- obtain funds
- open a fund
- pay out funds
- provide funds
- raise funds
- redistribute funds
- release funds
- repatriate funds
- set aside funds
- set up a fund
- streamline a fund
- tie up funds
- transfer funds
- withdraw funds2. v2) финансировать, фондировать
- fund through taxation -
3 draw
составлять ; чертить ; получать ; брать (деньги) ; прибегать ; пользоваться ; заимствовать ; ? draw the balance ; ? draw a bill ; ? draw money from the bank ; ? draw on an account ; ? draw on the fund in the amount of ; ? draw on the reserves ; ? draw on -
4 bank
1. n вал, насыпь; дамба2. n крутой склонsteep bank — глубокий вираж; крутой подъем
3. n берег4. n отмель, банка, риф5. n нанос, заносsnow banks — сугробы, снежные заносы
6. n борт бильярдного стола7. n ав. крен, вираж8. n горн. забой; залежь9. n горн. уступ10. n горн. устье шахты11. v сгребать в кучу; наваливать12. v делать насыпь; окружать валом, насыпьюa spring bank call found most banks in good condition — весенняя ревизия показала, что дела большинства банков идут неплохо
13. v громоздиться, вздыматьсяclouds are banking along the horizon — облака скучились на горизонте; горизонт затянут облаками
14. v запруживать15. v окружать, окаймлять16. v прикрывать валежником17. v ав. делать вираж; накренятьсяsharp bank — глубокий вираж; большой крен
18. v сесть на мель19. v сл. играть шара от бортаyou can buy the house if the bank is willing to go along — вы сможете купить этот дом, если банк согласится дать вам ссуду
20. n копилка21. n ист. лавка ростовщика; стол или лавка менялы22. n фонд; общий запас; резервblood bank — запас консервированной крови, банк крови
23. n банк24. v класть деньги в банк; держать, иметь деньги в банке или сберкассеbank credit — кредит предоставляемый банком; открытый кредит
25. v владеть банком, быть банкиром; заниматься банковским делом26. v превращать в деньги27. v метать банк28. v разг. рассчитывать, полагатьсяI was banking on his honesty when I closed the deal — я полагался на его честность, когда заключал сделку
29. n преим. спец. ряд, комплект, набор; серияbank of needles — ряд игл; игольница
30. n уст. скамья31. n уст. суд; судебное присутствиеloans by bank — ссуды, выданные банком
loan by bank — ссуда, выданная банком
32. n уст. верстак33. n уст. полигр. подзаголовок34. v спец. группировать для совместной работы; комплектоватьСинонимический ряд:1. embankment (noun) embankment; heap; hillock; knoll; levee; mound; mount; terrace2. financial institution (noun) cache; commercial bank; depository; federal reserve bank; financial institution; savings and loan; treasury; vault3. line (noun) array; line; panel; row; tier4. pile (noun) cock; drift; hill; mass; mess; mountain; mow; pile; pyramid; rick; shock; stack; windrow5. reserve (noun) deposit; hoard; reserve; stockpile; store; supply6. shore (noun) beach; border; coast; edge; ledge; ridge; rim; shoal; shore; slope; strand7. deposit (verb) deposit; hoard; lay away; put aside; reserve; save; shelve; stash away; stockpile8. heap (verb) cock; drift; heap; hill; lump; mound; pile; stack9. heap up (verb) dike; embank; gather; heap up; pile up10. turn (verb) angle; grade; incline; pitch; slope; soar; turn -
5 account
n1) счет; запись на счет2) отчет (финансовый)3) брит. период, когда биржевые сделки заключаются с закрытием позиции в расчетный день; амер. запись брокера о сделках, совершенных по поручению клиента4) pl отчетность5) pl бухгалтерские счета6) pl деловые книги
- absorption account
- accumulation account
- adjunct account
- adjustment account
- advance account
- aggregate accounts
- agio account
- annual account
- annual accounts
- appropriation account
- assets account
- ATS account
- balance account
- balancing account
- bank account
- bank giro account
- banking account
- bank's central settlement account
- bear account
- below-line balance account
- bills account
- blocked account
- book account
- budget account
- bull account
- business accounts
- call account
- capital account
- cash account
- certified account
- charge account
- charges account
- checking account
- clearing account
- closed account
- closing account
- combined accounts
- common stock capital accounts
- company's liquidation account
- compound interest account
- consolidated accounts
- consumers account
- control account
- correspondent account
- corresponding accounts
- cost account
- credit account
- creditor's account
- cumulative account
- currency conversion accounts
- current account
- customer account
- debit account
- debtor's account
- deferred account
- demand deposit account
- departmental account
- depreciation account
- depreciation adjustment account
- depreciation reserve account
- detailed account
- discretionary account
- disbursement account
- dividend account
- domestic accounts
- dormant account
- drawing account
- dummy account
- end month account
- end next account
- exchange stabilization account
- expense account
- external account
- external payments account
- extra-budgetary accounts
- final account
- financial account
- fixed assets account
- foreign exchange accounts
- foreign loan and deposit balancing account
- foreign transactions account
- general account
- giro account
- government accounts
- government receipts and expenditures account
- group accounts
- impersonal account
- imprest accounts
- income account
- income statement account
- individual retirement account
- inland account
- interest account
- interest-bearing account
- interest-free account
- interim account
- invalid account
- inventory account
- investment account
- itemized account
- joint account
- liabilities account
- ledger account
- loan account
- loan repayment account
- London Stock Exchange account
- long account
- loro account
- loss and gains account
- manufacturing account
- margin account
- mid-month account
- money market deposit account
- monthly account
- mutual currency account of the International Monetary Fund
- national account
- national income accounts
- nominal account
- nonresident account
- nostro account
- negotiable order of withdrawal account
- NOW account
- numbered account
- off-balance account
- on-call account
- open account
- operating accounts
- outlay accounts
- outstanding account
- over-and-short account
- overdrawn account
- overdue payments account
- overhead accounts
- partnership account
- personal account
- preferred stock capital account
- production account
- profit account
- profit-and-loss account
- proforma account
- property account
- public account
- purchases account
- quarterly account
- quota accounts
- real accounts
- realization account
- reconciled accounts
- registered account
- reserve account
- resident account
- rest of the world account
- retained contribution account
- revenue account
- rubricated account
- running account
- sales account
- savings account
- securities account
- segregated account
- separate account
- settled account
- settlement account
- share account
- short account
- social accounts
- special account
- special fund account
- specified account
- sterling account
- stock account
- stock change account
- stretching account
- subsidiary account
- summary account
- sundry accounts
- super NOW account
- surplus account
- suspense account
- trade payable account
- trade receivable account
- transaction account
- transfer account
- transferable account
- trust account
- uncollective account
- unsettled account
- variance accounts
- vostro account
- yearly account
- account of an agent
- account of charges
- account of disbursements
- account of expenses
- account of overheads
- account of a payee
- account of redraft
- accounts due to customers
- accounts payable
- accounts receivable
- account sales
- for account
- for account and risk
- on account
- adjust an account
- audit accounts
- balance the accounts
- block an account
- charge an account
- charge off an account
- charge to an account
- check an account
- close an account
- credit an account
- debit an account
- draw money from an account
- draw on an account
- draw up an account
- enter to an account
- establish an account
- examine accounts
- falsify an account
- freeze an account
- have an account with a bank
- keep an account
- keep an account with a bank
- maintain an account
- manage an account
- manage an investment account
- make out an account
- open an account
- operate an account
- overdraw an account
- pay an account
- pay into an account
- pay on account
- pay out of the account
- rectify an account
- release a blocked account
- render an account
- service an account
- settle an account
- set up an account
- square accounts
- transfer to an account
- verify an account
- write off an accountEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > account
-
6 account
-
7 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
8 interest
сущ.сокр. Int1)а) общ. интерес, заинтересованностьto be of interest to smb. — представлять интерес для кого-л.
to hold interest — поддерживать [удерживать\] интерес
Syn:concern, curiositySee:б) общ. увлечение, интересыcommunity of interest — сообщество [группа\] по интересам, сообщество интересов
2) общ. выгода, польза, преимущество, интересto protect [defend, safeguard, guard\] smb.'s interests — защищать [отстаивать\] чьи-л. интересы
in smb's interests — в чьих-л. интересах
in (the) interest(s) of smb./smth. — в интересах кого-л./чего-л.
We are acting in the best interest of our customers. — Мы действуем в наилучших интересах наших клиентов.
Syn:See:3) общ., мн. круги (лица, объединенные общими деловыми или профессиональными интересами)moneyed interests — денежные [богатые, финансовые\] круги
wealthy interests — состоятельные [богатые\] круги
See:4)а) эк. доля, участие в собственности [прибыли\] (об участии во владении каким-л. имуществом или каким-л. предприятием; права собственности на какое-л. имущество или на часть в чем-л.)to buy [purchase, acquire\] a controlling interest — покупать [приобретать\] контрольный пакет акций [контрольную долю\]
to sell a controlling interest — продавать контрольный пакет акций [контрольную долю\]
to own an interest — иметь долю, владеть долей (напр. в бизнесе)
half interest — половинная доля, половина
She owned a half interest in the home. — Ей принадлежало право собственности на половину дома.
to hold interest — владеть долей (в чем-л.)
30% interest — 30-процентная доля
He holds a 30% interest in the gold mine. — Он владеет 30-процентной долей в золотой шахте.
Syn:See:director's interest 2), directors' interests, controlling interest, minority interest, majority interest, register of interests in shares, carried interest, interest policy 2), certificate of beneficial interest, long interest, open interest, put-to-call open interest, safeguarding interests, short interest, governmental interestб) эк., юр. имущественное право (право лица владеть, пользоваться и распоряжаться каким-л. имуществом в пределах, установленных законом)to disclaim [renounce\] interest — отказаться от права (собственности)
Interest may be a property right to land, but it's not a right to absolute ownership of land. — Имущественное право может быть правом собственности на землю, но оно не является абсолютным правом собственности на землю.
See:1), shifting interest, beneficial interest, certificate of beneficial interest, register of interests in shares, shifting interest, unit of beneficial interest, insurable interest, dual interest insurance, single interest insurance, interest in tail5)а) фин., банк. процент, процентный доход (доход, получаемый с вложенного капитала и измеряемый как доля от его величины)interest on deposits — процент по депозитам [вкладам\]
to bear [to yield, to carry, to produce\] interest — приносить процент [процентный доход\] ( о финансовом активе)
The loan will carry interest of LIBOR plus 3.8 percent. — Заем принесет процент по ставке ЛИБОР плюс 3,8%.
to invest at interest — вкладывать деньги [инвестировать\] под проценты
The interest accrued to our account. — На нашем счету накопились проценты.
This is a flexible account that allows you to accrue interest on your balance with limited check writing. — Это гибкий счет, который позволяет вам получать проценты на остаток средств при ограниченной выписке чеков.
See:after-tax interest, daily interest, and interest, interest coupon, interest in possession trust, interest income, interest period, interest return, interest yield, interest spread, interest warrant, interest-bearing, interest-free, interest-only strip, interest-paying, accreted interest, accrued interest, accumulated interest, added interest, annual interest, any-interest-date call, area of interest fund, bearing interest, bearing no interest, bond interest, broken period interest, carried interest, cash flow interest coverage ratio, cash interest coverage ratio, deferred interest bond, draw interest, earn interest, field of interest fund, foreign interest payment security, income from interest, liquidity preference theory of interest, separate trading of registered interest and principal of securitiesб) фин., банк. (ссудный) процент (стоимость использования заемных денег; выражается в виде процентной доли от величины займа за определенный период)Banks create money and lend it at interest. — Банки создают деньги и ссужают их под процент.
to pay [to pay out\] interests — платить [выплачивать\] проценты
to calculate [to compute\] interest — вычислять [рассчитывать, подсчитывать\] проценты
computation of interest, calculation of interest, interest calculation, interest computation — расчет процентов
date from which interest is computed — дата, с которой начисляются [рассчитываются\] проценты
interest payment, payment of interest — процентный платеж, процентная выплата, выплата процентов
And, until you attain age 59½, sever employment, die or become disabled, the loans will continue to accrue interest. — И, до тех пор, пока вы не достигнете возраста 59,5 лет, прекратите работать, умрете или станете нетрудоспособным, по кредитам будут продолжать начисляться проценты.
Under Late Payment Legislation, for business-to-business debts, you can recover interest at 4% above the base rate. — В соответствии с законодательством о просроченных платежах, для долговых операций между предприятиями вы можете взыскивать процент в размере базовой процентной ставки плюс 4%.
See:interest rate, bank interest, days of interest, deferred interest, interest on interest, interest amount, past due interest bond, interest on interest, interest policy 1), add-on interest, annual interest, balloon interest, Boston interest, compound interest, compound interest bond, compound interest formula, covered interest arbitrage, cum interest, discount interest, exact interest, exact day interest, ex-interest, future value interest factor, gross interest, imputed interest, net interest, net interest cost, New York interest, simple interest, simple interest formula, interest discountв) фин., банк. = interest rateSee:consumer interest 3), interest allowed, interest parity, interest risk, interest sensitive, interest-induced wealth effect, bank interest, base rate of interest, cross-currency interest rate swap, current interest, effective annual rate of interest, effective interest, fixed interest, Fixed Interest Savings Certificates, fixed interest security, illegal interest, loanable funds theory of interest, monetary theory of interest, nominal interestг) общ. избыток, излишек; навар ( о щедрой благодарности)to repay smb. with interest — отплатить кому-л. с лихвой
She returned our favour with interest. — Она щедро отблагодарила нас за оказанную ей любезность.
* * *
interest; Int 1) процент: сумма, уплачиваемая должником кредитору за пользование деньгами последнего; стоимость использования денег; выражается в виде процентной ставки за определенный период, обычно год; 2) участие в капитале; капиталовложение; акция; титул собственности.* * *Проценты/участие (в капитале). Цена, выплачиваемая за получение денежного кредита. Выражается в виде процентной ставки на определенный период времени и отражает курс обмена текущего потребления на будущее потребление. Также: доля в собственности/право собственности . интерес; вещные права; имущественные права; пай Инвестиционная деятельность .* * *выражение главного содержания отношения данного лица к имуществу, которое является объектом страхования, права на него или обязательству к нему-----Банки/Банковские операциипроцент, процентный доходсм. - per cent -
9 reserve
1.1) откладывать, запасать2) бронировать, резервировать, заказывать заранее2.1) запас, резерв2) фин. резервный фонд3) оговорка• -
10 interest
сущ. сокр. Int1)а) фин., банк. процент, процентный доход (доход, получаемый с вложенного капитала и измеряемый как доля от его величины)interest on deposits — процент по депозитам [вкладам]
to bear [carry] interest — приносить процент (о финансовом активе)
The loan will carry interest of LIBOR plus 3.8 percent. — Заем принесет процент по ставке ЛИБОР плюс 3,8%.
See:and interest, after-tax interest, interest coupon, interest in possession trust, interest income, interest period, interest return, interest yield, interest spread, interest warrant, interest-bearing, interest-earning assets, interest-free, interest-only strip, interest-paying, accreted interest, accrued interest, accumulated interest, added interest, annual interest, any-interest-date call, area of interest fund, bearing interest, bearing no interest, bond interest, broken period interest, carried interest, cash flow interest coverage ratio, cash interest coverage ratio, deferred interest bond, draw interest, earn interest, field of interest fund, foreign interest payment security, income from interest, liquidity preference theory of interest, semiannual interest, separate trading of registered interest and principal of securitiesб) фин., банк. (ссудный) процент (стоимость использования заемных денег; выражается в виде процентной доли от величины займа за определенный период)interest payment, payment of interest — процентный платеж, выплата процентов
computation of interest, calculation of interest — расчет процентов
date from which interest is computed — дата, с которой начисляются проценты
Banks create money and lend it at interest. — Банки создают деньги и ссужают их под процент.
See:interest rate, bank interest, days of interest, deferred interest, interest on interest, interest amount, interest on interest, interest policy, add-on interest, annual interest, balloon interest, Boston interest, compound interest, compound interest bond, compound interest formula, covered interest arbitrage, cum interest, discount interest, exact interest, exact day interest, ex-interest, future value interest factor, gross interest, imputed interest, net interest, net interest cost, New York interest, simple interest, simple interest formula2) фин., банк. = interest rateSee:interest allowed, interest parity, interest risk, interest sensitive, interest-induced wealth effect, bank interest, base rate of interest, cross-currency interest rate swap, current interest, effective annual rate of interest, effective interest, fixed interest, Fixed Interest Savings Certificates, fixed interest security, illegal interest, loanable funds theory of interest, monetary theory of interest, nominal interestThe new English-Russian dictionary of financial markets > interest
-
11 reserve
1. n1) запас, резерв2) фин. резервный фонд3) pl суммы, оставшиеся после выплаты налогов, зарплат и распределения дивиденда4) оговорка
- actual reserve
- actuarial reserves
- aggregate reserves
- amortization reserve
- appropriated reserves
- assets valuation reserve
- available reserves
- bad debt reserve
- bad loan reserve
- bank reserve
- bonus reserve
- borrowed reserves
- business reserves
- capacity reserve
- capital reserves
- capital redemption reserve
- cash reserve
- claims reserve
- commercial reserves
- contingency reserve
- contingent reserve
- currency reserves
- deficiency reserve
- depreciation reserve
- development reserve
- disclosed reserves
- distributable reserves
- dividend reserve
- dividend equalization reserve
- dwindling reserves
- dormant labour reserves
- emergency reserve
- excess reserves
- external reserves
- extraordinary reserve
- first line reserves
- food reserves
- foreign currency reserves
- foreign exchange reserves
- fractional reserve
- free reserves
- funded reserve
- general reserves
- gold reserve
- gold and foreign exchange reserves
- government reserves
- hard currency reserves
- hidden reserves
- inflationary reserve
- inner reserves
- insurance reserve
- interest reserve
- international monetary reserves
- investment reserve
- labour reserves
- latent reserves
- legal reserve
- legal minimum reserve
- liability reserves
- liquid reserves
- liquidity reserves
- loan loss reserve
- loss reserve
- material reserves
- minimum reserve
- minimum cash reserve
- monetary reserve
- money reserve
- naked reserve
- negative foreign exchange reserves
- net reserve
- net borrowed reserves
- net free reserves
- net level premium reserve
- nonborrowed reserves
- official reserves
- oil reserves
- open reserves
- opening reserve
- operating reserve
- operating cash reserve
- pension reserve
- personnel reserve
- possible reserves
- potential mineral reserves
- premium reserve
- prescribed reserve
- primary reserves
- production reserves
- productive capacity reserve
- recoverable reserves
- redemption reserve
- renegotiation reserve
- replacement reserve
- required reserves
- revaluation reserve
- revenue reserves
- revolving reserve
- secondary reserves
- secret reserves
- sinking-fund reserve
- special reserve
- statutory reserve
- stock reserve
- strategic reserves
- surplus reserve
- tax reserve
- taxation reserve
- tax-free reserves
- time reserve
- undisclosed reserves
- undistributable reserves
- untapped reserves
- valuation reserve
- visible reserves
- voluntary reserves
- working reserve
- world's oil reserves
- reserve against demand deposits
- reserve against inventories
- reserve for amortization
- reserve for bad debts
- reserve for debt redemption
- reserve for deferred taxes
- reserve for depletion
- reserve for depreciation
- reserve for doubtful accounts
- reserve for doubtful debts
- reserves for export
- reserve for extensions
- reserve for interest
- reserve for loss in investments
- reserve for obsolescence
- reserve for outstanding claims
- reserve for overheads
- reserve for payment of future dividends
- reserve for probable losses
- reserve for taxes
- reserve on hand
- as a reserve
- under the usual reserve
- with reserve
- without reserve
- accumulate reserves
- borrow from reserves
- build up reserves
- command reserves
- create reserves
- draw on reserves
- hold in reserve
- get one's hands on oil reserves
- increase reserves
- keep in reserve
- maintain reserves
- maintain a legal reserve
- make reserves
- pledge reserves as collateral
- put aside as a reserve
- put in reserve
- put to reserve
- raid the reserves
- reduce reserves
- replenish the reserves
- set up reserves
- transfer to reserves2. v1) откладывать, запасать2) сохранять за собой (право)3) резервировать, бронировать, заказывать заранее4) оговариватьEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > reserve
См. также в других словарях:
draw — (dr[add]), v. t. [imp. {Drew} (dr[udd]); p. p. {Drawn} (dr[add]n); p. pr. & vb. n. {Drawing}.] [OE. dra[yogh]en, drahen, draien, drawen, AS. dragan; akin to Icel. & Sw. draga, Dan. drage to draw, carry, and prob. to OS. dragan to bear, carry, D.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
draw something down from something — ˌdraw sthˈdown (from sth) | ˌdraw ˈdown on sth derived (especially NAmE) (BrE usually draw) (finance) to take money from a fund that a bank, etc. has made available • … Useful english dictionary
draw down on something — ˌdraw sthˈdown (from sth) | ˌdraw ˈdown on sth derived (especially NAmE) (BrE usually draw) (finance) to take money from a fund that a bank, etc. has made available • … Useful english dictionary
money — moneyless, adj. /mun ee/, n., pl. moneys, monies, adj. n. 1. any circulating medium of exchange, including coins, paper money, and demand deposits. 2. See paper money. 3. gold, silver, or other metal in pieces of convenient form stamped by public … Universalium
draw — I. verb (drew; drawn; drawing) Etymology: Middle English drawen, dragen, from Old English dragan; akin to Old Norse draga to draw, drag Date: before 12th century transitive verb 1. to cause to move continuously toward or after a force applied in… … New Collegiate Dictionary
Money creation — Banking A series on Financial services … Wikipedia
Hedge fund — A hedge fund is a private investment fund open to a limited range of investors which is permitted by regulators to undertake a wider range of activities than other investment funds and which pays a performance fee to its investment manager.… … Wikipedia
The Irish (in Countries Other Than Ireland) — The Irish (in countries other than Ireland) † Catholic Encyclopedia ► The Irish (in countries other than Ireland) I. IN THE UNITED STATES Who were the first Irish to land on the American continent and the time of their arrival are … Catholic encyclopedia
Fund — Fund, n. [OF. font, fond, nom. fonz, bottom, ground, F. fond bottom, foundation, fonds fund, fr. L. fundus bottom, ground, foundation, piece of land. See {Found} to establish.] 1. An aggregation or deposit of resources from which supplies are or… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
money market — the short term trade in money, as in the sale and purchase of bonds and certificates. [1925 30] * * * Set of institutions, conventions, and practices whose aim is to facilitate the lending and borrowing of money on a short term basis. The money… … Universalium
The Colbert Report — logo Genre Comedy, Satire, News parody … Wikipedia