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director+of+the+atlantic+institute

  • 1 Director of the Atlantic Institute

    Military: DAI

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Director of the Atlantic Institute

  • 2 директор Атлантического НИИ

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > директор Атлантического НИИ

  • 3 Cousteau, Jacques-Yves

    SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping
    [br]
    b. 11 June 1910 Saint-André-de-Cubzac, France
    [br]
    French marine explorer who invented the aqualung.
    [br]
    He was the son of a country lawyer who became legal advisor and travelling companion to certain rich Americans. At an early age Cousteau acquired a love of travel, of the sea and of cinematography: he made his first film at the age of 13. After an interrupted education he nevertheless passed the difficult entrance examination to the Ecole Navale in Brest, but his naval career was cut short in 1936 by injuries received in a serious motor accident. For his long recuperation he was drafted to Toulon. There he met Philippe Tailliez, a fellow naval officer, and Frédéric Dumas, a champion spearfisher, with whom he formed a long association and began to develop his underwater swimming and photography. He apparently took little part in the Second World War, but under cover he applied his photographic skills to espionage, for which he was awarded the Légion d'honneur after the war.
    Cousteau sought greater freedom of movement underwater and, with Emile Gagnan, who worked in the laboratory of Air Liquide, he began experimenting to improve portable underwater breathing apparatus. As a result, in 1943 they invented the aqualung. Its simple design and robust construction provided a reliable and low-cost unit and revolutionized scientific and recreational diving. Gagnan shunned publicity, but Cousteau revelled in the new freedom to explore and photograph underwater and exploited the publicity potential to the full.
    The Undersea Research Group was set up by the French Navy in 1944 and, based in Toulon, it provided Cousteau with the Opportunity to develop underwater exploration and filming techniques and equipment. Its first aims were minesweeping and exploration, but in 1948 Cousteau pioneered an extension to marine archaeology. In 1950 he raised the funds to acquire a surplus US-built minesweeper, which he fitted out to further his quest for exploration and adventure and named Calypso. Cousteau also sought and achieved public acclaim with the publication in 1953 of The Silent World, an account of his submarine observations, illustrated by his own brilliant photography. The book was an immediate success and was translated into twenty-two languages. In 1955 Calypso sailed through the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean, and the outcome was a film bearing the same title as the book: it won an Oscar and the Palme d'Or at the Cannes film festival. This was his favoured medium for the expression of his ideas and observations, and a stream of films on the same theme kept his name before the public.
    Cousteau's fame earned him appointment by Prince Rainier as Director of the Oceanographie Institute in Monaco in 1957, a post he held until 1988. With its museum and research centre, it offered Cousteau a useful base for his worldwide activities.
    In the 1980s Cousteau turned again to technological development. Like others before him, he was concerned to reduce ships' fuel consumption by harnessing wind power. True to form, he raised grants from various sources to fund research and enlisted technical help, namely Lucien Malavard, Professor of Aerodynamics at the Sorbonne. Malavard designed a 44 ft (13.4 m) high non-rotating cylinder, which was fitted onto a catamaran hull, christened Moulin à vent. It was intended that its maiden Atlantic crossing in 1983 should herald a new age in ship propulsion, with large royalties to Cousteau. Unfortunately the vessel was damaged in a storm and limped to the USA under diesel power. A more robust vessel, the Alcyone, was fitted with two "Turbosails" in 1985 and proved successful, with a 40 per cent reduction in fuel consumption. However, oil prices fell, removing the incentive to fit the new device; the lucrative sales did not materialize and Alcyone remained the only vessel with Turbosails, sharing with Calypso Cousteau's voyages of adventure and exploration. In September 1995, Cousteau was among the critics of the decision by the French President Jacques Chirac to resume testing of nuclear explosive devices under the Mururoa atoll in the South Pacific.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Légion d'honneur. Croix de Guerre with Palm. Officier du Mérite Maritime and numerous scientific and artistic awards listed in such directories as Who's Who.
    Bibliography
    Further Reading
    R.Munson, 1991, Cousteau, the Captain and His World, London: Robert Hale (published in the USA 1989).
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Cousteau, Jacques-Yves

  • 4 universidad

    f.
    university.
    universidad a distancia = distance learning university, ? Open University (British)
    * * *
    1 university
    \
    universidad a distancia Open University
    universidad laboral technical college
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *

    Universidad a Distancia — ≈ Open University

    universidad laboral — polytechnic, technical school o institute (EEUU)

    universidad popular — extramural classes pl, extension courses pl

    * * *
    femenino university
    * * *
    = university, college of arts and sciences, college, university college.
    Ex. Hugh C, Atkinson, Director of the university of Illinois Libraries, has consistently been in the forefront in applying automation to traditional library problems and services.
    Ex. All state-operated colleges of arts and science in New York state were given funds in fiscal year 1987-88 for collection preparation and barcoding.
    Ex. Peckham College is a moderately small (1,600 students) private co-educational college in the mid-Atlantic region of the country.
    Ex. A disaster management workshop was held at Ballarat University College on 11-12 Feb 93.
    ----
    * biblioteca de universidad politécnica = polytechnic library.
    * bibliotecario de universidad = academic librarian, university librarian.
    * científico de la universidad = academic scientist.
    * Comité de las Universidades Británicas sobre Películas y Vídeos (BUFVC) = British Universities Film and Video Council (BUFVC).
    * curso que tiene lugar fuera de la universidad = extension course, off-campus course.
    * Departamento de Financiación de las Universidades (UGC) = University Grants Committee (UGC).
    * de toda la universidad = university-wide.
    * estudiante proveniente de otra universidad = transfer student.
    * fuera de la universidad = off-campus.
    * página web de universidad = academic site, university site.
    * para toda la universidad = university-wide.
    * profesor de universidad = university faculty, university lecturer.
    * sitio web de universidad = academic site, university site.
    * universidad a distancia = open university, open college.
    * Universidad de California = UC (University of California).
    * Universidad de California en Los Angeles (UCLA) = UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles).
    * universidad de verano = summer school.
    * universidad estatal = state university.
    * universidad laboral = vocational college.
    * universidad nacional de educación a distancia (UNED) = open university.
    * universidad politécnica = polytechnic.
    * universidad privada = private university.
    * * *
    femenino university
    * * *
    = university, college of arts and sciences, college, university college.

    Ex: Hugh C, Atkinson, Director of the university of Illinois Libraries, has consistently been in the forefront in applying automation to traditional library problems and services.

    Ex: All state-operated colleges of arts and science in New York state were given funds in fiscal year 1987-88 for collection preparation and barcoding.
    Ex: Peckham College is a moderately small (1,600 students) private co-educational college in the mid-Atlantic region of the country.
    Ex: A disaster management workshop was held at Ballarat University College on 11-12 Feb 93.
    * biblioteca de universidad politécnica = polytechnic library.
    * bibliotecario de universidad = academic librarian, university librarian.
    * científico de la universidad = academic scientist.
    * Comité de las Universidades Británicas sobre Películas y Vídeos (BUFVC) = British Universities Film and Video Council (BUFVC).
    * curso que tiene lugar fuera de la universidad = extension course, off-campus course.
    * Departamento de Financiación de las Universidades (UGC) = University Grants Committee (UGC).
    * de toda la universidad = university-wide.
    * estudiante proveniente de otra universidad = transfer student.
    * fuera de la universidad = off-campus.
    * página web de universidad = academic site, university site.
    * para toda la universidad = university-wide.
    * profesor de universidad = university faculty, university lecturer.
    * sitio web de universidad = academic site, university site.
    * universidad a distancia = open university, open college.
    * Universidad de California = UC (University of California).
    * Universidad de California en Los Angeles (UCLA) = UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles).
    * universidad de verano = summer school.
    * universidad estatal = state university.
    * universidad laboral = vocational college.
    * universidad nacional de educación a distancia (UNED) = open university.
    * universidad politécnica = polytechnic.
    * universidad privada = private university.

    * * *
    university
    Compuestos:
    ( Méx) open university
    open university
    state university
    * * *

     

    universidad sustantivo femenino
    university;
    universidad a distancia or (Méx) abierta open university;

    universidad f (institución, edificio) university

    ' universidad' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    aula
    - comedor
    - comedora
    - departamento
    - disminuir
    - hispanista
    - ingresar
    - manchar
    - mira
    - paso
    - UNED
    - Univ.
    - alumnado
    - alumno
    - anfiteatro
    - cantina
    - cátedra
    - catedrático
    - clase
    - claustro
    - compañero
    - egresado
    - egresar
    - egreso
    - encerrado
    - encerrar
    - encierro
    - entrada
    - entrar
    - estudiante
    - estudiar
    - exalumno
    - ingreso
    - jauja
    - masificado
    - monitor
    - plaza
    - politécnico
    - porra
    - profesor
    - rector
    - toma
    - tomar
    - trabajo
    - tutor
    English:
    alumnus
    - at
    - bursar
    - chancellor
    - college
    - decide on
    - department
    - do
    - doctorate
    - dormitory
    - education
    - fellow
    - freshman
    - homecoming
    - horticulture
    - institution
    - prep school
    - prestige
    - process
    - scholarship
    - school
    - send down
    - university
    - junior
    - open
    - set
    - sophomore
    * * *
    1. [centro educativo] university
    universidad a distancia = distance learning university, Br ≈ Open University;
    universidad de verano university summer school
    2. [enseñanza superior] university;
    la reforma de la universidad university reform
    * * *
    f university;
    universidad a distancia university correspondence school, Br Open University
    * * *
    : university
    * * *
    universidad n university [pl. universities]

    Spanish-English dictionary > universidad

  • 5 Pounder, Cuthbert Coulson

    [br]
    b. 10 May 1891 Hartlepool, England
    d. 18 December 1982 Belfast (?), Northern Ireland
    [br]
    English marine engineer and exponent of the slow-speed diesel engine.
    [br]
    Pounder served an apprenticeship with Richardsons Westgarth, marine engineers in north east England. Shortly after, he moved to Harland \& Wolff of Belfast and there fulfilled his life's work. He rose to the rank of Director but is remembered for his outstanding leadership in producing the most advanced steam and diesel machinery installations of their time. Harland \& Wolff were the main licensees for the Burmeister \& Wain marine diesel system, and the Copenhagen company made most of the decisions on design; however, Pounder often found himself in the hot seat and once had the responsibility of concurring with the shipyard's decision to build three Atlantic liners with the largest diesel engines in the world, well beyond the accepted safe levels of extrapolation. With this, Belfast secured worldwide recognition as builders of diesel-driven liners. During the German occupation of Denmark (1940–5), the engineering department at Belfast worked on its own and through systematic research and experimentation built up a database of information that was invaluable in the postwar years.
    Pounder was instrumental in the development of airless injection diesel fuel pumps. He was a stalwart supporter of all research and development, and while at Belfast was involved in the building of twelve hundred power units. While in his twenties, Pounder began a literary career which continued for sixty years. The bulk of his books and papers were on engineering and arguably the best known is his work on marine diesel engines, which ran to many editions. He was Chairman of Pametrada, the marine engineering research council of Great Britain, and later of the machinery committee of the British Ship Research Association. He regarded good relations within the industry as a matter of paramount importance.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    President, Institute of Marine Engineers; Denny Gold Medal 1839, 1959. Institution of Mechanical Engineers Ackroyd Stewart Award; James Clay ton Award.
    Further Reading
    Michael Moss and John R.Hume, 1986, Shipbuilders to the World, Belfast: Blackstaff.
    FMW

    Biographical history of technology > Pounder, Cuthbert Coulson

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