-
41 BCD
1) Авиация: десятичное число в двоичном коде2) Спорт: Bolt Circle Diameter3) Военный термин: Battlefield Coordination Detachment, Brigade, Corps, and Division, Buoyancy Control Device, bad conduct discharge, battle correlator display, behind completion date4) Техника: binary-coded data, binary-coded decimal, binary-coded decimal number, burst can detection, burst can detector5) Математика: план, построенный на основе смещённой монеты (biased coin design)6) Бухгалтерия: Balancing Charge Debit, двоично-десятичное число (binary coded decimal)7) Музыка: Bobby Cat Dance8) Телекоммуникации: Blocked Calls Delayed (telephony)9) Сокращение: Binary Coded Decimal, Biochemical Detector, Bulk Chaff Dispenser, between comfort and discomfort10) Университет: Beavers Conquer Ducks11) Связь: burst channel demodulator12) Экология: Консорциум по биотехнологии в целях развития13) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: НГБ (Baltic Chart Datum), нуль глубин на Балтике (Baltic Chart Datum)14) Нефтегазовая техника баррелей за календарные сутки15) Полимеры: barrels per calendar day16) Полупроводники: bipolar-CMOS-DMOS17) Сахалин Р: Baltic Chart Datum18) Майкрософт: данные конфигурации загрузки19) Аэропорты: Bacolod, Philippines -
42 DOC
1) Компьютерная техника: Display Operator Console, Distributed Object Computing2) Биология: deoxycorticosterone3) Авиация: dicrect operating costs4) Медицина: Date of Conception5) Военный термин: Department of Communications, Desired Operational Capability, Directorate Of Contracting, date of change, death from other causes, defense operations center, degree of cooperation, demonstration of operational capability, design operational capability, direct operating costs, due-out cancellation6) Техника: data operations and control, data optimizing computer, day old cockerel, катализатор окисления дизельного топлива (сокращение от Diesel Oxidation Catalyst)7) Шутливое выражение: Dave's Own Citadel8) Химия: Dissolved Organic Compounds9) Юридический термин: Department of Correction, Department of Corrections (Washington)10) Страхование: drive-other-car endorsement11) Телевидение: dropout compensator12) Сокращение: Delayed Opening Chaff, Direct Operating Cost, District Officer Commanding, Division Officer Course (USA), Dynamic Overload Control, Diesel-Oil Cement, Drop-Out Compensator13) Текстиль: Dumbarton Oaks Collection14) Физиология: Died of Other Causes, Doctors Ought To Care15) Электроника: Digital Oscillator Control16) Вычислительная техника: decimal-to-octal conversion, расширение файлов документов Microsoft Word, De. organizationCCC (Usenet, CCC), department of commerce17) Нефть: declaration of compliance, drilled out cement, демонстрация эксплуатационных возможностей (demonstration of operational capability), нефтецементная смесь, цемент с добавкой дизельного топлива (diesel-oil cement)18) Новозеландское выражение: Department of Concervation (министерсво по защите окружеющей среды)19) Транспорт: Department of Commerce (US)20) Экология: dissolved organic carbon, dissolved oxygen concentration21) Деловая лексика: Date Of Completion22) Бурение: нефтецементная смесь (diesel oil cement), цемент с добавкой дизельного топлива (diesel oil cement)23) Образование: Demonstrate Observe Correct, Dream Of Children24) Американский английский: Department of Corrections25) Сетевые технологии: распределённая обработка объектов26) Автоматика: depth of cut27) Химическое оружие: Department of Commerce28) Макаров: растворённый органический углерод29) Птицеводство: Day Old Chick( en)30) Расширение файла: Text DOCument31) AMEX. Medical Advisory Systems, Inc.32) Международная торговля: Department of Commerce (U. S.) -
43 DoC
1) Компьютерная техника: Display Operator Console, Distributed Object Computing2) Биология: deoxycorticosterone3) Авиация: dicrect operating costs4) Медицина: Date of Conception5) Военный термин: Department of Communications, Desired Operational Capability, Directorate Of Contracting, date of change, death from other causes, defense operations center, degree of cooperation, demonstration of operational capability, design operational capability, direct operating costs, due-out cancellation6) Техника: data operations and control, data optimizing computer, day old cockerel, катализатор окисления дизельного топлива (сокращение от Diesel Oxidation Catalyst)7) Шутливое выражение: Dave's Own Citadel8) Химия: Dissolved Organic Compounds9) Юридический термин: Department of Correction, Department of Corrections (Washington)10) Страхование: drive-other-car endorsement11) Телевидение: dropout compensator12) Сокращение: Delayed Opening Chaff, Direct Operating Cost, District Officer Commanding, Division Officer Course (USA), Dynamic Overload Control, Diesel-Oil Cement, Drop-Out Compensator13) Текстиль: Dumbarton Oaks Collection14) Физиология: Died of Other Causes, Doctors Ought To Care15) Электроника: Digital Oscillator Control16) Вычислительная техника: decimal-to-octal conversion, расширение файлов документов Microsoft Word, De. organizationCCC (Usenet, CCC), department of commerce17) Нефть: declaration of compliance, drilled out cement, демонстрация эксплуатационных возможностей (demonstration of operational capability), нефтецементная смесь, цемент с добавкой дизельного топлива (diesel-oil cement)18) Новозеландское выражение: Department of Concervation (министерсво по защите окружеющей среды)19) Транспорт: Department of Commerce (US)20) Экология: dissolved organic carbon, dissolved oxygen concentration21) Деловая лексика: Date Of Completion22) Бурение: нефтецементная смесь (diesel oil cement), цемент с добавкой дизельного топлива (diesel oil cement)23) Образование: Demonstrate Observe Correct, Dream Of Children24) Американский английский: Department of Corrections25) Сетевые технологии: распределённая обработка объектов26) Автоматика: depth of cut27) Химическое оружие: Department of Commerce28) Макаров: растворённый органический углерод29) Птицеводство: Day Old Chick( en)30) Расширение файла: Text DOCument31) AMEX. Medical Advisory Systems, Inc.32) Международная торговля: Department of Commerce (U. S.) -
44 Doc
1) Компьютерная техника: Display Operator Console, Distributed Object Computing2) Биология: deoxycorticosterone3) Авиация: dicrect operating costs4) Медицина: Date of Conception5) Военный термин: Department of Communications, Desired Operational Capability, Directorate Of Contracting, date of change, death from other causes, defense operations center, degree of cooperation, demonstration of operational capability, design operational capability, direct operating costs, due-out cancellation6) Техника: data operations and control, data optimizing computer, day old cockerel, катализатор окисления дизельного топлива (сокращение от Diesel Oxidation Catalyst)7) Шутливое выражение: Dave's Own Citadel8) Химия: Dissolved Organic Compounds9) Юридический термин: Department of Correction, Department of Corrections (Washington)10) Страхование: drive-other-car endorsement11) Телевидение: dropout compensator12) Сокращение: Delayed Opening Chaff, Direct Operating Cost, District Officer Commanding, Division Officer Course (USA), Dynamic Overload Control, Diesel-Oil Cement, Drop-Out Compensator13) Текстиль: Dumbarton Oaks Collection14) Физиология: Died of Other Causes, Doctors Ought To Care15) Электроника: Digital Oscillator Control16) Вычислительная техника: decimal-to-octal conversion, расширение файлов документов Microsoft Word, De. organizationCCC (Usenet, CCC), department of commerce17) Нефть: declaration of compliance, drilled out cement, демонстрация эксплуатационных возможностей (demonstration of operational capability), нефтецементная смесь, цемент с добавкой дизельного топлива (diesel-oil cement)18) Новозеландское выражение: Department of Concervation (министерсво по защите окружеющей среды)19) Транспорт: Department of Commerce (US)20) Экология: dissolved organic carbon, dissolved oxygen concentration21) Деловая лексика: Date Of Completion22) Бурение: нефтецементная смесь (diesel oil cement), цемент с добавкой дизельного топлива (diesel oil cement)23) Образование: Demonstrate Observe Correct, Dream Of Children24) Американский английский: Department of Corrections25) Сетевые технологии: распределённая обработка объектов26) Автоматика: depth of cut27) Химическое оружие: Department of Commerce28) Макаров: растворённый органический углерод29) Птицеводство: Day Old Chick( en)30) Расширение файла: Text DOCument31) AMEX. Medical Advisory Systems, Inc.32) Международная торговля: Department of Commerce (U. S.) -
45 PCD
1) Общая лексика: Process Challenge Device2) Американизм: Pop Culture Debate3) Военный термин: Panama Canal defense, Positive Control Document, precision course director, program change decision, program change document, program control display, program control document4) Техника: plasma-coupled semiconductor device, plutonium concentrator distillate, power control device, process control description, pulse-code dialing5) Химия: ПХБ, ПХД, полихлорбифенил, полихлордифенил, PCB, poly chloride biphenyl, poly-chloride biphenyl, polychloride biphenyl6) Юридический термин: Padded Cell Dweller7) Автомобильный термин: диаметр расположения отверстий крепления диска колеса ( Pitch Circle Diameter)8) Оптика: plasma-coupled device9) Сокращение: Point Chemical Detector, Process Control Division (of Engineering & Tech Support, Landover MD runs CFS), Kodak Photo CD format, Personal Communication Device, Plotter Characterization Data, ПКА (polycrystalline diamond - поликристаллический алмаз)10) Университет: Pre College Dorm11) Физиология: Pacing Cardioverter/ Defibrillator, Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration, Perceptual Communicative Disorder, Primary Care Diabetes, Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia12) Вычислительная техника: Process Control Device, расширение файлов в формате Kodak Photo-CD Image, Photo CD (Kodak, CD)13) Нефть: поликристаллический алмаз (polycrystalline diamond), polycrystalline diamond (bits)14) Воздухоплавание: Production Common Digitizer15) Деловая лексика: Primorsky Central Depository16) Автоматика: pitch-circle diameter, pitch-circle drilling, polycrystalline diamond17) Химическое оружие: Pueblo Chemical Depot [CO], process criteria development18) Расширение файла: Kodak Photo- CD image format Bitmap graphics, Photo Compact Disk, Graphic format (Photo-CD)19) Нефть и газ: poly crystalline diamond, poly-crystalline diamond20) Электротехника: power control and distribution21) Фантастика Pimp Coalition of Doom22) Косметология: Performance-Centered Design23) Аэропорты: Prairie Du Chien, Wisconsin USA24) Программное обеспечение: Page Count Daemon, Photo Compact Disc25) Клинические исследования: primary outcome completion date -
46 bcd
1) Авиация: десятичное число в двоичном коде2) Спорт: Bolt Circle Diameter3) Военный термин: Battlefield Coordination Detachment, Brigade, Corps, and Division, Buoyancy Control Device, bad conduct discharge, battle correlator display, behind completion date4) Техника: binary-coded data, binary-coded decimal, binary-coded decimal number, burst can detection, burst can detector5) Математика: план, построенный на основе смещённой монеты (biased coin design)6) Бухгалтерия: Balancing Charge Debit, двоично-десятичное число (binary coded decimal)7) Музыка: Bobby Cat Dance8) Телекоммуникации: Blocked Calls Delayed (telephony)9) Сокращение: Binary Coded Decimal, Biochemical Detector, Bulk Chaff Dispenser, between comfort and discomfort10) Университет: Beavers Conquer Ducks11) Связь: burst channel demodulator12) Экология: Консорциум по биотехнологии в целях развития13) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: НГБ (Baltic Chart Datum), нуль глубин на Балтике (Baltic Chart Datum)14) Нефтегазовая техника баррелей за календарные сутки15) Полимеры: barrels per calendar day16) Полупроводники: bipolar-CMOS-DMOS17) Сахалин Р: Baltic Chart Datum18) Майкрософт: данные конфигурации загрузки19) Аэропорты: Bacolod, Philippines -
47 doc
1) Компьютерная техника: Display Operator Console, Distributed Object Computing2) Биология: deoxycorticosterone3) Авиация: dicrect operating costs4) Медицина: Date of Conception5) Военный термин: Department of Communications, Desired Operational Capability, Directorate Of Contracting, date of change, death from other causes, defense operations center, degree of cooperation, demonstration of operational capability, design operational capability, direct operating costs, due-out cancellation6) Техника: data operations and control, data optimizing computer, day old cockerel, катализатор окисления дизельного топлива (сокращение от Diesel Oxidation Catalyst)7) Шутливое выражение: Dave's Own Citadel8) Химия: Dissolved Organic Compounds9) Юридический термин: Department of Correction, Department of Corrections (Washington)10) Страхование: drive-other-car endorsement11) Телевидение: dropout compensator12) Сокращение: Delayed Opening Chaff, Direct Operating Cost, District Officer Commanding, Division Officer Course (USA), Dynamic Overload Control, Diesel-Oil Cement, Drop-Out Compensator13) Текстиль: Dumbarton Oaks Collection14) Физиология: Died of Other Causes, Doctors Ought To Care15) Электроника: Digital Oscillator Control16) Вычислительная техника: decimal-to-octal conversion, расширение файлов документов Microsoft Word, De. organizationCCC (Usenet, CCC), department of commerce17) Нефть: declaration of compliance, drilled out cement, демонстрация эксплуатационных возможностей (demonstration of operational capability), нефтецементная смесь, цемент с добавкой дизельного топлива (diesel-oil cement)18) Новозеландское выражение: Department of Concervation (министерсво по защите окружеющей среды)19) Транспорт: Department of Commerce (US)20) Экология: dissolved organic carbon, dissolved oxygen concentration21) Деловая лексика: Date Of Completion22) Бурение: нефтецементная смесь (diesel oil cement), цемент с добавкой дизельного топлива (diesel oil cement)23) Образование: Demonstrate Observe Correct, Dream Of Children24) Американский английский: Department of Corrections25) Сетевые технологии: распределённая обработка объектов26) Автоматика: depth of cut27) Химическое оружие: Department of Commerce28) Макаров: растворённый органический углерод29) Птицеводство: Day Old Chick( en)30) Расширение файла: Text DOCument31) AMEX. Medical Advisory Systems, Inc.32) Международная торговля: Department of Commerce (U. S.) -
48 DCR
1. daily communications report - ежедневный отчёт по связи;2. data conversion receiver - приёмник с преобразованием данных;3. data coordinator and retriever unit - блок определения координат и поиска данных;4. decoding contrast ratio - коэффициент контраста декодирования;5. decrease - уменьшение; убывание; спад; уменьшаться; убывать; спадать;6. defueling completion report - отчёт о завершении выгрузки топлива;7. design change request - запрос о внесении изменений в конструкцию; запрос об изменении проекта;8. Dewar cryogenic refrigerator - криогенная камера на основе сосуда Дюара;9. dielectric cavity resonator - диэлектрический резонатор;10. differential correlation radiometer - дифференциально-корреляционный радиометр;11. digital cassette recording - цифровая запись на кассете;12. digital concentration readout - цифровое считывание концентрации;13. digital conversion receiver - приёмник с цифровым преобразованием;14. digitally-controlled receiver - приёмник с цифровым управлением;15. direct conversion reactor - реактор с прямым преобразованием энергии;16. direct-current resistance - активное сопротивление; сопротивление по постоянному току;17. direct-current restorer - схема восстановления постоянной составляющей;18. double crossing-over - двойной кроссинг-овер;19. drawing change request - заявка о внесении изменений в чертежи;20. dual channel radiometer - двухканальный радиометр;21. dynamic color rendition - динамическая калибровка цвета; динамическое цветовоспроизведение -
49 cycle
(экономический) цикл; кругооборот; период || проходить цикл развития -
50 certificate
сертификат; свидетельство; удостоверение; диплом; грамота; получать [выдавать] сертификат [удостоверение] -
51 report
донесение, сообщение; доклад; рапорт; арт. звук выстрела; доносить; докладывать; рапортовать; представлять(ся) ( начальнику), pl. представление донесений ( пункт боевого приказа)meaconing, interference, jamming, intrusion report — донесение о применении комплексных помех типа «Миджи» (помехи РИС, пассивные и активные помехи, помехи средствам радиосвязи)
— bombing report— casualty situation report— exemption report— hotline report— letter efficiency report— logistics status report— minefield lifting report— nuclear attack report— performance evaluation report— weapons status report -
52 certificate
n1) удостоверение, свидетельство; сертификат2) акт3) аттестат; паспорт
- acceptance certificate
- accountant's certificate
- allotment certificate
- assay certificate
- audit certificate
- auditor's certificate
- author's certificate
- average certificate
- balance certificate
- bank's certificate
- bearer certificate
- birth certificate
- cargo certificate
- bond certificate
- carrier's certificate
- classification certificate
- clearance certificate
- consular certificate
- cross-border certificate
- currency certificate
- customs certificate
- death certificate
- debenture certificate
- debt certificate
- deposit certificate
- dividend-right certificate
- duty-free entry certificate
- employment certificate
- equipment trust certificate
- exchange certificate
- exemption certificate
- factory certificate
- floating rate certificate of deposit
- forwarding agent's certificate of receipt
- gold certificate
- handing-over certificate
- health certificate
- import certificate
- inspection certificate
- insurance certificate
- interim certificate
- inventor's certificate
- investment certificate
- load-line certificate
- loan certificate
- machine certificate
- manufacturer's certificate
- measurement certificate
- medical certificate
- mill's test certificate
- moisture certificate
- money market certificate
- mortgage certificate
- multiple certificate
- negotiable certificate
- negotiable certificate of deposit
- negotiable certificate to bearer
- negotiable time certificate of deposit
- nonnegotiable certificate of deposit
- ownership certificate
- paper certificate
- participation certificate
- passenger certificate
- phytosanitary certificate
- profit-sharing certificate
- protest certificate
- provisional certificate
- quality certificate
- quarantine certificate
- rabies certificate
- registered certificate
- registration certificate
- release certificate for shipment
- sampling certificate
- sanitary certificate
- sanitation certificate
- savings certificate
- scrip certificate
- share certificate
- silver certificate
- stock certificate
- stock trust certificate
- straight certificate of deposit
- street certificate
- strip certificate
- survey certificate
- taking-over certificate
- tap certificate of deposit
- tax certificate
- tax reserve certificates
- technical inspection certificate
- test certificate
- thrift certificate
- time certificate of deposit
- tonnage certificate
- tranche certificate of deposit
- treasury certificate
- trustee's certificate
- vaccination certificate
- veterinary certificate
- voting trust certificate
- warehouse certificate
- weight certificate
- wharfinger's certificate
- works' test certificate
- certificate of acceptance
- certificate of accounts
- certificate of accrual on Treasury securities
- certificate of acknowledgement
- certificate of age
- certificate of airworthiness
- certificate of allotment
- certificate of analysis
- certificate of authenticity
- certificate of authority
- certificate of beneficial interest
- certificate of competence
- certificate of completion of work
- certificate of convenience and necessity
- certificate of clearance
- certificate of damage
- certificate of delivery
- certificate of deposit
- certificate of disinfection
- certificate of eligibility
- certificate of examination
- certificate of fair wear-and-tear
- certificate of fitness
- certificate of free pratique
- certificate of guarantee
- certificate of health
- certificate of hypothecation
- certificate of incorporation
- certificate of indebtedness
- certificate of inspection
- certificate of insurance
- certificate of measurements
- certificate of nationality
- certificate of naturalization
- certificate of origin
- certificate of ownership
- certificate of participation
- certificate of payment
- certificate of pledge
- certificate of proficiency
- certificate of protest
- certificate of qualification
- certificate of quality
- certificate of readiness
- certificate of redemption
- certificate of registration
- certificate of registration of design
- certificate of registry
- certificate of sampling
- certificate of seaworthiness
- certificate of shipment
- certificate of species
- certificate of stock
- certificate of survey
- certificate of title
- certificate of valuation
- certificate of value
- certificate of weight
- award a certificate
- give a certificate
- grant a certificate
- hold a certificate
- issue a certificate
- make a certificate
- present a certificate
- submit a certificateEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > certificate
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53 contract
1. n1) договор, соглашение, контракт2) подряд3) единица торговли на срочных биржах (стандартное соглашение о купле-продаже)
- acceptable contract
- agency contract
- aleatory contract
- arrival contract
- associate contract
- auditing contract
- awarded contract
- back contracts
- banking contract
- bare contract
- binding contract
- blanket contract
- bottomry contract
- brokerage contract
- broker's contract
- building contract
- chartering contract
- civil law contract
- classified contract
- collateral contract
- collective contract
- collective bargaining contract
- commercial contract
- commercial agency contract
- commodity contract
- compensation contract
- completion-type contract
- consensual contract
- consignment contract
- construction contract
- consultancy contract
- cost-plus-fixed-fee contract
- cost-plus-percentage-fee contract
- crosslease contract
- defense contract
- design engineering contract
- development contract
- developmental contract
- draft contract
- employment contract
- enforceable contract
- exclusive contract
- exclusive sale contract
- executed contract
- executory contract
- export contract
- financial futures contract
- fixed-price contract
- fixed-price contract with redetermination
- fixed-price redeterminable prospective contract
- fixed-term contract
- flat fee contract
- formal contract
- forward contract
- framework contract
- freight contract
- futures contract
- general contract
- general freight contract
- global contract
- government contract
- guaranteed contract
- hire contract
- hire purchase contract
- illegal contract
- implied contract
- import contract
- incentive contract
- indemnity contract
- infant's contract
- initial contract
- installment contract
- insurance contract
- interest rate contract
- labour contract
- large contract
- lease contract
- licence contract
- licensing contract
- life contract
- life insurance contract
- loading contract
- long-term contract
- lucrative contract
- maintenance contract
- management contract
- manufacturing contract
- marine insurance contract
- maritime contract
- military contract
- model contract
- money lending contract
- monopoly contract
- multilateral contract
- mutually beneficial contract
- naked contract
- nude contract
- official contract
- offset contract
- onerous contract
- open contract
- open-end contract
- operating contract
- option contract
- oral contract
- original contract
- outsourcing contract
- outstanding contract
- packing contract
- parol contract
- passage contract
- patent contract
- patent-granting contract
- period contract
- permanent rent contract
- preliminary contract
- previous contract
- prime contract
- private contract
- process-transfer contract
- procurement contract
- production sharing contract
- profitable contract
- profit-sharing contract
- public contract
- purchase contract
- purchase and sale contract
- quasi contract
- real contract
- reciprocal contract
- reciprocity contract
- reinsurance contract
- rent contract
- repair contract
- research and development contract
- risk contract
- sales contract
- salvage contract
- semi-turnkey contract
- service contract
- sham contract
- share-rental contract
- share tenancy contract
- shipment contract
- short-term contract
- simple contract
- single contract
- sold contract
- specialty contract
- spot contract
- standard contract
- stand rent contract
- stockbroker's contract
- stock-option contract
- supplementary contract
- syndicate contract
- take-and-pay contract
- take-or-pay contract
- team contract
- tenancy contract
- terminal contract
- time and materials contract
- toll contract
- total package procurement contract
- towing contract
- trade contract
- trade union contract
- turnkey contract
- tying contract
- umbrella contract
- uncompleted contract
- underwriting contract
- unfulfilled contract
- unilateral contract
- valid contract
- verbal contract
- void contract
- voidable contract
- work contract
- written contract
- yellow dog contract
- contract by deed
- contract by tender
- contract for construction
- contract for custody
- contract for delivery
- contract for freight
- contract for labour and materials
- contract for public works
- contract for purchase
- contract for a single shipment
- contract for space
- contract for technical service
- contract of affreightment
- contract of agency
- contract of annuity
- contract of carriage
- contract of consignment
- contract of employment
- contract of guarantee
- contract of indemnity
- contract of insurance
- contract of intent
- contract of novation
- contract of pledge
- contract of purchase
- contract of reinsurance
- contract of representation
- contract of sale
- contract of service
- contract of suretyship
- contract of tenancy
- contract under seal
- according to the contract
- against a contract
- as per contract
- subject to contract
- with reference to the contract
- agree on a contract
- annul a contract
- award a contract
- back out of a contract
- be under contract
- break a contract
- cancel a contract
- carry out a contract
- come under a contract
- commit a breach of contract
- complete a contract
- comply with the contract
- conclude a contract
- confirm a contract
- conform to the contract
- deliver against a contract
- depart from a contract
- draw up a contract
- enforce a contract
- enter into a contract
- execute a contract
- fulfil a contract
- finance a contract
- hold a contract
- implement a contract
- infringe a contract
- initial a contract
- levy a contract
- make a contract
- negotiate a contract
- obtain a contract
- perform a contract
- place a contract
- prepare a contract
- repudiate a contract
- rescind a contract
- renew a contract
- revise a contract
- revoke a contract
- secure a contract
- sign a contract
- stipulate by a contract
- supply against a contract
- take out an insurance contract
- tender for a contract
- terminate a contract
- violate a contract
- win a contract
- withdraw from a contract2. v2) сокращать; сокращаться
- as contractedEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > contract
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54 end
1. n конец, окончаниеhappy end — счастливый конец; счастливая развязка
to bring to an end — закончить, завершить
to come to an end, to be at an end — прийти к концу, кончиться
in the end — в конце концов, в конечном счёте
to the end of time — вечно, на веки веков
end format — конец команды «формат», начало набора текста
2. n конец, последняя, заключительная часть; завершениеa story without an end — рассказ, который ничем не кончается
the but end of the house — часть дома, выходящая на улицу
3. n смерть, кончина, конецto be the end — довести до гибели, прикончить
4. n прекращение существованияthat will be the end of all war — это положит конец всякой войне, войны исчезнут навсегда
5. v кончать; заканчивать6. v кончаться, завершаться7. v прекращать8. v редк. кончиться, умереть9. v уст. прикончить, убитьСинонимический ряд:1. back (noun) back; posterior; tail end2. border (noun) border; boundary; confines3. butt (noun) bit; butt; fragment; remnant; scrap; shard4. cease (noun) attainment; bound; cease; cessation; close; closing; closure; completion; conclusion; consummation; denouement; desistance; desuetude; discontinuance; discontinuation; ending; epilogue; extreme; extremity; finale; finish; fulfillment; last; limit; limitation; period; stop; swan song; term; termination; terminus; windup; wrap-up5. rear (noun) rear; tail6. view (noun) aim; design; drift; goal; intent; intention; meaning; object; objective; plan; point; purpose; reason; target; view7. close (verb) close; complete; conclude; consummate; crown; determine; do; finish; fulfil; fulfill; quit; terminate; ultimate; wind up; wrap up8. die (verb) depart; die; expire; pass away9. stop (verb) abort; cease; desist; discontinue; halt; pass; stop; vanishАнтонимический ряд:accomplishment; begin; beginning; cause; commence; commencement; continue; enter upon; establish; found; foundation; front; inaugurate; inauguration; inception; initiate; initiation; introduction; start -
55 Brandt, Alfred
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 3 September 1846 Hamburg, Germanyd. 29 November 1899 Brig, Switzerland[br]German mechanical engineer, developer of a hydraulic rock drill.[br]The son of a Hamburg merchant, he studied mechanical engineering at the Polytechnikum in Zurich and was engaged in constructing a railway line in Hungary and Austria before he returned to Switzerland. At Airolo, where the Gotthard tunnel was to commence, he designed a hydraulic rock drill; the pneumatic ones, similar to the Ingersoll type, did not satisfy him. His drill consisted of two parts instead of three: the hydraulic motor and the installation for drilling. At the Sulzer company of Winterthur his first design, a percussion drill, in 1876, was developed into a rotary drill which worked with greatest success in the construction of various railway tunnels and also helped to reduce costs in the mining industry.His Hamburg-based firm Brandt \& Brandau consequently was soon engaged in many tunnelling and mining projects throughout Germany, as well as abroad. During the years 1883 and 1895 Brandt spent time in exploration in Spain and reopening the lead-mines in Posada. His most ambitious task was to co-operate in drafting the Simplon tunnel, the construction of which relied greatly on his knowledge and expertise. The works began several years behind schedule, in 1898, and consequently he was unable to see its completion.[br]Bibliography1877, "Beschreibung und Abbildung der Brandtschen Bohrmaschine", Eisenbahn 7 (13).Further ReadingC.Matschoss, 1925, Manner der Technik, Berlin.G.E.Lucas, 1926, Der Tunnel. Anlage und Bau, Vol. 2, Berlin, pp. 49–55 (deals with his achievements in the construction of tunnels).WK -
56 Darby, Abraham
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 1678 near Dudley, Worcestershire, Englandd. 5 May 1717 Madely Court, Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, England[br]English ironmaster, inventor of the coke smelting of iron ore.[br]Darby's father, John, was a farmer who also worked a small forge to produce nails and other ironware needed on the farm. He was brought up in the Society of Friends, or Quakers, and this community remained important throughout his personal and working life. Darby was apprenticed to Jonathan Freeth, a malt-mill maker in Birmingham, and on completion of his apprenticeship in 1699 he took up the trade himself in Bristol. Probably in 1704, he visited Holland to study the casting of brass pots and returned to Bristol with some Dutch workers, setting up a brassworks at Baptist Mills in partnership with others. He tried substituting cast iron for brass in his castings, without success at first, but in 1707 he was granted a patent, "A new way of casting iron pots and other pot-bellied ware in sand without loam or clay". However, his business associates were unwilling to risk further funds in the experiments, so he withdrew his share of the capital and moved to Coalbrookdale in Shropshire. There, iron ore, coal, water-power and transport lay close at hand. He took a lease on an old furnace and began experimenting. The shortage and expense of charcoal, and his knowledge of the use of coke in malting, may well have led him to try using coke to smelt iron ore. The furnace was brought into blast in 1709 and records show that in the same year it was regularly producing iron, using coke instead of charcoal. The process seems to have been operating successfully by 1711 in the production of cast-iron pots and kettles, with some pig-iron destined for Bristol. Darby prospered at Coalbrookdale, employing coke smelting with consistent success, and he sought to extend his activities in the neighbourhood and in other parts of the country. However, ill health prevented him from pursuing these ventures with his previous energy. Coke smelting spread slowly in England and the continent of Europe, but without Darby's technological breakthrough the ever-increasing demand for iron for structures and machines during the Industrial Revolution simply could not have been met; it was thus an essential component of the technological progress that was to come.Darby's eldest son, Abraham II (1711–63), entered the Coalbrookdale Company partnership in 1734 and largely assumed control of the technical side of managing the furnaces and foundry. He made a number of improvements, notably the installation of a steam engine in 1742 to pump water to an upper level in order to achieve a steady source of water-power to operate the bellows supplying the blast furnaces. When he built the Ketley and Horsehay furnaces in 1755 and 1756, these too were provided with steam engines. Abraham II's son, Abraham III (1750–89), in turn, took over the management of the Coalbrookdale works in 1768 and devoted himself to improving and extending the business. His most notable achievement was the design and construction of the famous Iron Bridge over the river Severn, the world's first iron bridge. The bridge members were cast at Coalbrookdale and the structure was erected during 1779, with a span of 100 ft (30 m) and height above the river of 40 ft (12 m). The bridge still stands, and remains a tribute to the skill and judgement of Darby and his workers.[br]Further ReadingA.Raistrick, 1989, Dynasty of Iron Founders, 2nd edn, Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust (the best source for the lives of the Darbys and the work of the company).H.R.Schubert, 1957, History of the British Iron and Steel Industry AD 430 to AD 1775, London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul.LRD -
57 Donkin, Bryan II
[br]b. 29 April 1809 London, Englandd. 4 December 1893 Blackheath, Kent, England[br]English mechanical engineer.[br]Bryan Donkin was the fifth son of Bryan Donkin I (1768–1855) and was educated at schools in Bromley (Kent), London, Paris and Nantes. He was an apprentice in his father's Bermondsey works and soon became an active and valuable assistant in the design and construction of papermaking, printing, pumping and other machinery. In 1829 he was sent to France to superintend the construction of paper mills and other machinery at Nantes. He later became a partner in the firm which in 1858 received an order to construct and set up a large paper mill at St Petersburg. This work took him to Russia several times before its completion in 1862. He obtained several patents relating to paper-making and steam engines. He was elected an associate of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1835 and a member in 1840.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember, Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers 1859; President 1872.RTS -
58 Elgar, Francis
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. April 1845 Portsmouth, Englandd. 16 January 1909 Monte Carlo, Monaco[br]English naval architect and shipbuilder.[br]Elgar enjoyed a fascinating professional life, during which he achieved distinction in the military, merchant, academic and political aspects of his profession. At the age of 14 he was apprenticed as a shipwright to the Royal Dockyard at Portsmouth but when he was in his late teens he was selected as one of the Admiralty students to further his education at the Royal School of Naval Architecture at South Kensington, London. On completion of the course he was appointed to Birkenhead, where the ill-fated HMS Captain was being built, and then to Portsmouth Dockyard. In 1870 the Captain was lost at sea and Francis Elgar was called on to prepare much of the evidence for the Court Martial. This began his life-long interest in ship stability and in ways of presenting this information in an easily understood form to ship operators.In 1883 he accepted the John Elder Chair of Naval Architecture at Glasgow University, an appointment which formalized the already well-established teaching of this branch of engineering at Glasgow. However, after only three years he returned to public service in the newly created post of Director of Royal Dockyards, a post that he held for a mere six years but which brought about great advances in the speed of warship construction, with associated reductions in cost. In 1892 he was made Naval Architect and Director of the Fairfield Shipbuilding Company in Glasgow, remaining there until he retired in 1907. The following year he accepted the post of Chairman of the Birkenhead shipyard of Cammell Laird \& Co.; this was a recent amalgamation of two companies, and he retained this position until his death. Throughout his life, Elgar acted on many consultative bodies and committees, including the 1884 Ship Load Line Enquiry. His work enabled him to keep abreast of all current thinking in ship design and construction.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS. FRSE. Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur.BibliographyElgar produced some remarkable papers, which were published by the Institutions of Naval Architects, Civil Engineers and Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland as well as by the Royal Society. He published several books on shipbuilding.FMW -
59 Krylov, Alexei Nicolaevitch
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 15 August 1863 Visyoger, Siberiad. 26 October 1945 Leningrad (now St Petersburg), Russia[br]Russian academician and naval architect) exponent of a rigorous mathematical approach to the study of ship motions.[br]After schooling in France and Germany, Krylov returned to St Petersburg (as it then was) and in 1878 entered the Naval College. Upon graduating, he started work with the Naval Hydrographic Department; the combination of his genius and breadth of interest became apparent, and from 1888 until 1890 he undertook simultaneously a two-year university course in mathematics and a naval architecture course at his old college. On completion of his formal studies, Krylov commenced fifty years of service to the academic bodies of St Petersburg, including eight years as Superintendent of the Russian Admiralty Ship Model Experiment Tank. For many years he was Professor of Naval Architecture in the city, reorganizing the methods of teaching of his profession in Russia. It was during this period that he laid the foundations of his remarkable research and published the first of his many books destined to become internationally accepted in the fields of waves, rolling, ship motion and vibration. Practical work was not overlooked: he was responsible for the design of many vessels for the Imperial Russian Navy, including the battleships Sevastopol and Petropavlovsk, and went on, as Director of Naval Construction, to test anti-rolling tanks aboard military vessels in the North Atlantic in 1913. Following the Revolution, Krylov was employed by the Soviet Union to re-establish scientific links with other European countries, and on several occasions he acted as Superintendent in the procurement of important technical material from overseas. In 1919 he was appointed Head of the Marine Academy, and from then on participated in many scientific conferences and commissions, mainly in the shipbuilding field, and served on the Editorial Board of the well-respected Russian periodical Sudostroenie (Shipbuilding). The breadth of his personal research was demonstrated by the notable contributions he made to the Russian development of the gyro compass.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember, Russian Academy of Science 1814. Royal Institution of Naval Architects Gold Medal 1898. State Prize of the Soviet Union (first degree). Stalin Premium for work on compass deviation.BibliographyKrylov published more than 500 books, papers and articles; these have been collected and published in twelve volumes by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. 1942, My Memories (autobiography).AK / FMWBiographical history of technology > Krylov, Alexei Nicolaevitch
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60 McNeill, Sir James McFadyen
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 19 August 1892 Clydebank, Scotlandd. 24 July 1964 near Glasgow, Scotland[br]Scottish naval architect, designer of the Cunard North Atlantic Liners Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth.[br]McNeill was born in Clydebank just outside Glasgow, and was to serve that town for most of his life. After education at Clydebank High School and then at Allan Glen's in Glasgow, in 1908 he entered the shipyard of John Brown \& Co. Ltd as an apprentice. He was encouraged to matriculate at the University of Glasgow, where he studied naval architecture under the (then) unique Glasgow system of "sandwich" training, alternately spending six months in the shipyard, followed by winter at the Faculty of Engineering. On graduating in 1915, he joined the Army and by 1918 had risen to the rank of Major in the Royal Field Artillery.After the First World War, McNeill returned to the shipyard and in 1928 was appointed Chief Naval Architect. In 1934 he was made a local director of the company. During the difficult period of the 1930s he was in charge of the technical work which led to the design, launching and successful completion of the great liners Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth. Some of the most remarkable ships of the mid-twentieth century were to come from this shipyard, including the last British battleship, HMS Vanguard, and the Royal Yacht Britannia, completed in 1954. From 1948 until 1959, Sir James was Managing Director of the Clydebank part of the company and was Deputy Chairman by the time he retired in 1962. His public service was remarkable and included chairmanship of the Shipbuilding Conference and of the British Ship Research Association, and membership of the Committee of Lloyd's Register of Shipping.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order 1954. CBE 1950. FRS 1948. President, Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland 1947–9. Honorary Vice-President, Royal Institution of Naval Architects. Military Cross (First World War).Bibliography1935, "Launch of the quadruple-screw turbine steamer Queen Mary", Transactions of the Institution of Naval Architects 77:1–27 (in this classic paper McNeill displays complete mastery of a difficult subject; it is recorded that prior to launch the estimate for travel of the ship in the River Clyde was 1,194 ft (363.9 m), and the actual amount recorded was 1,196 ft (364.5m)!).FMWBiographical history of technology > McNeill, Sir James McFadyen
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