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described

  • 41 outpost

    'out·post [ʼaʊtpəʊst, Am -poʊst] n
    1) mil ( guards) Außenposten m, Vorposten m; ( base) Stützpunkt m
    2) ( remote branch) Außenposten m; of a company Außenstelle f, [abgelegene] Zweigstelle;
    the last \outpost before the desert die letzte Siedlung vor der Wüste; ( fig)
    free jazz has been described as the last \outpost of modernism Free Jazz gilt als das letzte Überbleibsel des Modernismus; ( fig)
    Berlin was a capitalist \outpost in the middle of communist East Germany Berlin war wie eine kapitalistische Festung inmitten der kommunistischen DDR

    English-German students dictionary > outpost

  • 42 poorly

    poor·ly [ʼpo:li, Am ʼpʊr-] adv
    1) ( not rich) arm;
    to be \poorly off arm [dran] sein ( fam)
    \poorly dressed ärmlich gekleidet
    2) ( inadequately) schlecht;
    \poorly dressed schlecht gekleidet;
    to think \poorly of sb/ sth (dated) eine schlechte Meinung von jdm/etw haben adj
    to feel \poorly sich akk schlecht fühlen;
    (Brit, Aus)
    the doctor described his condition as \poorly die Ärztin beschrieb seinen Zustand als kritisch

    English-German students dictionary > poorly

  • 43 stretch

    [stretʃ] n <pl - es>
    ( elasticity) Dehnbarkeit f; of fabric Elastizität f
    2) ( muscle extension) Dehnungsübungen fpl, Strecken nt kein pl, ( gymnastic exercise) Stretching nt kein pl, ( extension of muscles) Dehnung f;
    to have a \stretch sich akk [recken und] strecken
    3) ( an extended area) Stück nt; ( section of road) Streckenabschnitt m, Wegstrecke f;
    traffic is at a standstill along a five-mile \stretch of the M11 auf der M11 gibt es einen fünf Meilen langen Stau;
    \stretch of coast Küstenabschnitt m;
    \stretch of land Stück nt Land;
    \stretch of railway Bahnstrecke f;
    \stretch of road Strecke f;
    vast \stretches of wasteland ausgedehnte Flächen Ödland;
    \stretch of water Wasserfläche f
    4) sports ( stage of a race) Abschnitt m;
    to enter the final \stretch in die Zielgerade einlaufen;
    the home \stretch die Zielgerade;
    the last \stretch of an election campaign ( fig) die [letzte] heiße Phase eines Wahlkampfs
    5) (Am) ( straight part of a race track) Gerade f
    6) ( period of time) Zeitraum m, Zeitspanne f; ( time in jail) Knastzeit f ( fam)
    short \stretches kurze Zeitabschnitte;
    at a \stretch am Stück, ohne Unterbrechung;
    there's no way I could work for ten hours at a \stretch ich könnte nie zehn Stunden am Stück arbeiten;
    to do a \stretch eine Haftstrafe absitzen ( fam)
    7) ( exertion) Bemühung f, Einsatz m;
    by every \stretch of the imagination unter Aufbietung aller Fantasie;
    not by any [or by no] \stretch beim besten Willen nicht, nie im Leben ( fam)
    by no \stretch of the imagination could he be seriously described as an artist man konnte ihn beim besten Willen nicht als Künstler bezeichnen;
    at full \stretch mit Volldampf [o voller Kraft] ( fam)
    to work at full \stretch auf Hochtouren arbeiten
    PHRASES:
    down the \stretch (Am) kurz vor Ablauf der Zeit adj
    attr, inv Stretch-;
    \stretch nylon stockings elastische Nylonstrümpfe vi
    1) (become longer, wider) rubber, elastic sich akk dehnen; clothes weiter werden;
    my T-shirt's \stretched in the wash mein T-Shirt ist beim Waschen völlig ausgeleiert
    2) ( extend the muscles) Dehnungsübungen machen, sich akk recken [und strecken]
    3) ( take time) sich akk hinziehen;
    the restoration work could \stretch from months into years die Renovierungsarbeiten könnten sich statt über Monate sogar noch über Jahre hinziehen;
    the dispute \stretches back over many years diese Streitereien dauern nun schon viele Jahre;
    this ancient tradition \stretches back hundreds of years diese alte Tradition reicht Hunderte von Jahren zurück
    4) ( cover an area) sich akk erstrecken;
    the refugee camps \stretch as far as the eye can see so weit das Auge reicht sieht man Flüchtlingslager;
    the mountains \stretch the entire length of the country die Berge ziehen sich über die gesamte Länge des Landes hin vt
    1) ( extend)
    to \stretch sth etw [aus]dehnen [o strecken]; ( extend by pulling) etw dehnen;
    ( tighten) etw straff ziehen [o straffen];
    that elastic band will snap if you \stretch it too far dieses Gummi[band] wird reißen, wenn du es überdehnst;
    they \stretched a rope across the river sie spannten ein Seil über den Fluss;
    to \stretch one's legs sich dat die Beine vertreten
    to \stretch sth etw strecken; sauce, soup etw verlängern
    to \stretch sb/ sth jdn/etw bis zum Äußersten fordern;
    we're already fully \stretched wir sind schon voll ausgelastet;
    my job doesn't \stretch me as much as I'd like mein Beruf fordert mich nicht so, wie ich es mir wünschen würde;
    to \stretch sb's budget jds Budget nt strapazieren;
    to \stretch sb's patience jds Geduld f auf eine harte Probe stellen [o ( geh) strapazieren];
    to \stretch sth to breaking point etw bis zum Äußersten belasten;
    many families' budgets are already \stretched to breaking point viele Familien kommen mit dem Haushaltsgeld kaum noch über die Runden
    to \stretch one's lead seinen Vorsprung ausbauen; football, rugby mit noch mehr Toren in Führung gehen
    5) ( go beyond)
    to \stretch sth über etw akk hinausgehen;
    that is \stretching the definition of negotiation das hat mit dem, was man unter einer Verhandlung versteht, nichts mehr zu tun;
    to \stretch a point [or the rules] ausnahmsweise ein Auge zudrücken ( fam)
    to \stretch a point ( exaggerate) übertreiben;
    to \stretch it a bit [or the truth] ein wenig zu weit gehen, übertreiben

    English-German students dictionary > stretch

  • 44 unmitigated

    un·miti·gat·ed [ʌnʼmɪtɪgeɪtɪd, Am -ʼmɪt̬əgeɪt̬ɪd] adj
    total ( fam), völlig ( fam), komplett ( fam)
    she described the film as ‘ninety minutes of gloom, \unmitigated by the slightest hint of humour’ sie beschrieb den Film als ‚neunzig Minuten langen Trübsinn, der nicht vom kleinsten Anzeichen von Humor unterbrochen wurde‘;
    \unmitigated contempt volle Verachtung;
    an \unmitigated disaster eine totale Katastrophe;
    \unmitigated evil das absolute Böse

    English-German students dictionary > unmitigated

  • 45 leírt

    Magyar-német-angol szótár > leírt

  • 46 длительный допустимый ток

    1. Strombelastbarkeit, f
    2. Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f

     

    (длительный) допустимый ток
    Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
    [ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]

    Этот ток обозначают IZ
    [ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]

    EN

    (continuous) current-carrying capacity
    ampacity (US)
    maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
    [IEV number 826-11-13]

    ampacity
    The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
    [National Electrical Cod]

    FR

    courant (permanent) admissible, m
    valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
    [IEV number 826-11-13]

    Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:

    • its insulation temperature rating;
    • conductor electrical properties for current;
    • frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
    • ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
    • ambient temperature.

    Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.

    The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.

    In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.

    Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.

    The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.

    For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.

    Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.

    When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:

    Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.

    [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]

    Тематики

    • электротехника, основные понятия

    Синонимы

    EN

    DE

    • Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
    • Strombelastbarkeit, f

    FR

    • courant admissible, m
    • courant permanent admissible, m

    Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток

  • 47 траектория

    1. Trajektorie

     

    траектория

    [ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    траектория
    Кривая, которую описывает точка при своем движении относительно выбранной системы координат. В экономико-математические исследования этот термин вошел из аппарата математической теории оптимальных процессов вместе с понятиями фазового пространства, фазовых координат. Развитие экономической системы рассматривается как ее движение в фазовом пространстве по некоторой Т. — фазовой Т., последовательности точек, образуемых портретами системы в последовательные моменты времени. При использовании динамических моделей экономики изучаются свойства различных Т. экономического развития. Среди них — устойчивость относительно погрешностей в начальных данных и относительно внешних воздействий; вероятностный характер (в прогнозе и даже в плане может идти речь не о точно определенной единственно целесообразной Т., а о некотором множестве возможных Т. будущего развития; примером могут служить известные из истории «вилки» показателей пятилетних планов); оптимальность и эффективность Т.: оптимальной называется Т., обеспечивающая на протяжении изучаемого периода лучшие результаты относительно заданного общего критерия качества системы, а эффективной — Т., которая оптимальна по некоторому подходящему частному критерию, так что эффективная Т. может не быть оптимальной, а оптимальная — всегда эффективна. Большое внимание привлекает изучение магистральных свойств траекторий (см. Магистраль).
    [ http://slovar-lopatnikov.ru/]

    EN

    trajectory
    The path described by an object moving in air or space under the influence of such forces as thrust, wind resistance, and gravity, especially the curved path of a projectile. (Source: CED)
    [http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    FR

    Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > траектория

  • 48 электрическая дуга

    1. Lichtbogen, m
    2. elektrischer Lichtbogen, m

     

    электрическая дуга
    -
    [Интент]

    EN

    (electric) arc
    self-maintained gas conduction for which most of the charge carriers are electrons supplied by primary‑electron emission
    [IEV ref 121-13-12]

    FR

    arc (électrique), m
    conduction gazeuse autonome dans laquelle la plupart des porteurs de charge sont des électrons produits par émission électronique primaire
    [IEV ref 121-13-12]

     


    An electric arc is an electrical breakdown of a gas which produces an ongoing plasma discharge, resulting from a current flowing through normally nonconductive media such as air. A synonym is arc discharge. An arc discharge is characterized by a lower voltage than a glow discharge, and relies on thermionic emission of electrons from the electrodes supporting the arc. The phenomenon was first described by Vasily V. Petrov, a Russian scientist who discovered it in 1802. An archaic term is voltaic arc as used in the phrase " voltaic arc lamp".
    [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_arc]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    In the last years a lot of users have underlined the question of safety in electrical assemblies with reference to one of the most severe and destructive electrophysical phenomenon: the electric arc.
    [ABB]

    В последние годы многие потребители обращают особое внимание на безопасность НКУ, связанную с чрезвычайно разрушительным и наиболее жестко действующим электрофизическим явлением - электрической дугой.
    [Перевод Интент]

    Тематики

    • электротехника, основные понятия

    Действия

    Сопутствующие термины

    EN

    DE

    • elektrischer Lichtbogen, m
    • Lichtbogen, m

    FR

    Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > электрическая дуга

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