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61 item
n1) пункт, параграф, статья2) предмет в списке, позиция3) статья (импорта; экспорта)5) изделие
- accessory item
- accrued items
- additional item
- agenda item
- associated items
- bad item
- balance-sheet item
- balancing item
- booking item
- bought item
- budget item
- bulky item
- capital item
- cash item
- catalogue item
- commodity item
- consumer items
- contract item
- corresponding items
- cost item
- credit item
- customable items
- debit item
- delayed item
- demand items
- direct-store-delivery items
- duty-free items
- effective item
- end item
- exhibition item
- expense item
- export items
- extraordinary item
- fancy items
- faster-moving items
- faulty item
- fungible items
- general items
- high margin items
- high quality items
- high turnover items
- import items
- impulse item
- income item
- individual item
- inventory item
- invisible items of expenditure
- key items
- last saved item
- low value items
- low volume items
- luxury items
- made item
- merchandise item
- monetary item
- news item
- noncapital item
- noncash items
- nonfood items
- off-balance-sheet item
- one-of-a-kind item
- open item
- optional item
- packed items
- power items
- production line item
- prohibited items
- protected budget items
- purchased item
- representative item
- residual item
- restrictive proprietary item
- returned items
- revenue items
- routine item
- sale-priced items
- serially-produced items
- short-delivered items
- slow-moving items
- stable item
- staple item
- stocked item
- subcontract item
- superior item
- suspense items
- tariff item
- tax preference item
- transit item
- uncovered item
- undelivered items
- unprotected budget items
- visible items
- visible items of trade
- item in the budget
- item of account
- item of the agenda
- item of an agreement
- item of a bill
- item of the balance sheet
- item of the budget
- items of consumption
- item of a contract
- item of equipment
- item of expenditure
- item of expense
- items of exportation
- items of general consumption
- items of importation
- items of mass consumption
- items of personal use
- item of a plan
- items of trade
- item on a balance sheet
- enter an item into an account
- enter an item into the ledger
- exclude an item
- list items
- pass an item to an account
- specify items
- split up items
- strike an item off the list
- strike out an item
- subdivide items -
62 management
n1) управление; заведование; руководство; менеджмент2) ведение (дел, хозяйства, переговоров)3) правление; дирекция; администрация
- account management
- administrative management
- arbitration management
- asset management
- asset-liability management
- automated management
- automated production management
- bank management
- banking management
- bottom-up management
- business management
- cash management
- centralized management
- commercial management
- company management
- construction management
- contract management
- corporate management
- credit management
- crop management
- day-to-day management
- debt management
- demand-side management
- departmental management
- economic management
- executive management
- exhibition management
- external management
- factory management
- farm management
- financial management
- firm management
- fiscal management
- fund management
- general management
- hands-on management
- higher management
- industrial management
- interest rate risk management
- inventory management
- investment management
- job management
- joint management
- joint venture management
- level management
- line management
- livestock management
- lower management
- manpower management
- marketing management
- material management
- middle management
- monetary management
- money management
- one-man management
- on-site management
- operational management
- operative management
- participative management
- pension fund management
- personnel management
- piecemeal management
- plant management
- port management
- portfolio management
- product management
- production management
- project management
- proper management
- property management
- prudent macroeconomic management
- quality management
- rate management
- records management
- resource management
- risk management
- senior management
- sound management
- staff management
- stock management
- technical management
- temporary management
- top management
- trust management
- upper management
- work management
- working management
- works management
- management of a business
- management of consumer wants
- management of economic activity
- management of an enterprise
- management of a firm
- management of production
- management of securities
- carry out management
- place under external management
- take over managementEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > management
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63 потребительские товары
1. consumables2. consumer commodities3. consumer linesассортимент; номенклатура товаров — line of goods
4. consumers goodsтовары, продаваемые или покупаемые в магазине — store goods
5. consumer goodsРусско-английский большой базовый словарь > потребительские товары
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64 McCormick, Cyrus
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 1809 Walnut Grove, Virginia, USAd. 1884 USA[br]American inventor of the first functionally and commercially successful reaping machine; founder of the McCormick Company, which was to become one of the founding companies of International Harvester.[br]Cyrus McCormick's father, a farmer, began to experiment unsuccessfully with a harvesting machine between 1809 and 1816. His son took up the challenge and gave his first public demonstration of his machine in 1831. It cut a 4 ft swathe, but, wanting to perfect the machine, he waited until 1834 before patenting it, by which time he felt that his invention was threatened by others of similar design. In the same year he entered an article in the Mechanics Magazine, warning competitors off his design. His main rival was Obed Hussey who contested McCormick's claim to the originality of the idea, having patented his own machine six months before McCormick.A competition between the two machines was held in 1843, the judges favouring McCormick's, even after additional trials were conducted after objections of unfairness from Hussey. The rivalry continued over a number of years, being avidly reported in the agricultural press. The publicity did no harm to reaper sales, and McCormick sold twenty-nine machines in 1843 and fifty the following year.As the westward settlement movement progressed, so the demand for McCormick's machine grew. In order to be more central to his markets, McCormick established himself in Chicago. In partnership with C.M.Gray he established a factory to produce 500 harvesters for the 1848 season. By means of advertising and offers of credit terms, as well as production-line assembly, McCormick was able to establish himself as sole owner and also control all production, under the one roof. By the end of the decade he dominated reaper production but other developments were to threaten this position; however, foreign markets were appearing at the same time, not least the opportunities of European sales stimulated by the Great Exhibition in 1851. In the trials arranged by the Royal Agricultural Society of England the McCormick machine significantly outperformed that of Hussey's, and as a result McCormick arranged for 500 to be made under licence in England.In 1874 McCormick bought a half interest in the patent for a wire binder from Charles Withington, a watchmaker from Janesville, Wisconsin, and by 1885 a total of 50,000 wire binders had been built in Chicago. By 1881 McCormick was producing twine binders using Appleby's twine knotter under a licence agreement, and by 1885 the company was producing only twine binders. The McCormick Company was one of the co-founders of the International Harvester Company in 1901.[br]Bibliography1972, The Century of the Reaper, Johnson Reprint (the original is in the New York State Library).Further ReadingGraeme Quick and Wesley Buchele, 1978, The Grain Harvesters, American Society of Agricultural Engineers (deals in detail with McCormick's developments).G.H.Wendell, 1981, 150 Years of International Harvester, Crestlink (though more concerned with the machinery produced by International Harvester, it gives an account of its originating companies).T.W.Hutchinson, 1930, Cyrus Hall McCormick, Seedtime 1809–1856; ——1935, Cyrus Hall McCormick, Harvest 1856–1884 (both attempt to unravel the many claims surrounding the reaper story).Herbert N.Casson, 1908, The Romance of the Reaper, Doubleday Page (deals with McCormick, Deering and the formation of International Harvester).AP -
65 management
[ˈmænɪdʒmənt]account management ведение счетов asset management управление активами asset-liability management регулирование актива и пассива bad management неквалифицированное управление bank management управление банком budget management контроль и регулирование бюджета budgetary management бюджетное регулирование business management руководство торгово-промышленной деятельностью business management управление торгово-промышленным предприятием capital management контроль и регулирование капитала case management управление делами cash management контроль и регулирование денежных операций cash management управление наличностью central management главная дирекция central management центральная администрация computer-assisted management автоматизированное управление configuration management вчт. управление конфигурацией credit line management регулирование кредитной линии daily management повседневное руководство data management вчт. управление данными database management вчт. управление базой данных debt management контроль и регулирование долговых отношений debt management управление долгом demand management контроль и регулирование спроса energy management управление энергетикой environmental management меры по охране окружающей среды environmental management меры по рациональному использованию окружающей среды factory management управление предприятием file management вчт. управление файлом financial management управление финансами financial management управление финансовой деятельностью fund management управление фондом government debt management государственное регулирование долговых отношений group management коллективное руководство household management ведение домашнего хозяйства import management регулирование импорта inept management неумелое управление information systems management управление информационными системами inventory management управление запасами inventory management управление материально-техническим снабжением investment management управление капиталовложениями investment management управление портфелем ценных бумаг management хитрость, уловка; it took a good deal of management to make him do it потребовалось много уловок, чтобы заставить его сделать это job management организация труда join the management входить в руководство labour management организация труда landscape management управление ландшафтом liquidity management управление ликвидностью management администрация management дирекция management заведование management менеджмент management орган управления management организация производства management осторожное, бережное, чуткое отношение (к людям) management правление, дирекция, администрация management (the management) правление; дирекция, администрация management правление management руководство management умение владеть (инструментом); умение справляться (с работой) management умение справляться (с работой) management умение справляться management умение справляться с работой management управление, заведование management управление; заведование management управление management управленческий аппарат management хитрость, уловка; it took a good deal of management to make him do it потребовалось много уловок, чтобы заставить его сделать это management хитрость, уловка management by interest rates управление путем контроля процентных ставок management by rules управление по установленным правилам management of agreement контроль выполнения соглашения management of assets управление активами management of capital управление капиталом management of finances управление финансовой деятельностью management of positions регулирование наличия ценных бумаг и других финансовых активов management of positions регулирование остатка средств на счете materiel management склад. управление материально-техническим обеспечением memory management вчт. управление памятью middle management среднее административное звено municipal management городская администрация overall management полное управление personnel management руководство кадрами personnel management трудовые отношения personnel management управление кадрами personnel: management management руководство кадрами; personnel department отдел кадров или личного состава planned management плановое управление plant management заводоуправление poor management неудовлетворительное управление portfolio management контроль и регулирование портфеля активов portfolio management управление портфелем ценных бумаг price management контроль цен production management управление производством program management вчт. управление разработкой программ project management управление проектом property management управление недвижимым имуществом public management государственное управление quality management управление качеством queue management вчт. организация очереди records management делопроизводство records management оперативный учет responsible management ответственное руководство revenue yield management контроль выручки risk management управление при допущении риска risk management управление риском screen management вчт. управление экраном senior management высшая администрация корпорации senior management высшее исполнительное руководство software management вчт. управление разработкой программного обеспечения staff management функциональное руководство state management государственное управление station management вчт. диспетчер станции stock-exchange management управление фондовой биржей supply management управление поставками system management вчт. сопровождение системы task management вчт. управление задачами tax management налоговый контроль top management высшее руководство treasury management управление финансами unified management совместное управление urban management управление городом virtual storage management вчт. управление виртуальной памятью visible management видимое управление works management дирекция завода works management заводоуправление works management управление предприятием
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