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1 сведение лесов
сведение лесов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
deforestation
The removal of forest and undergrowth to increase the surface of arable land or to use the timber for construction or industrial purposes. Forest and its undergrowth possess a very high water-retaining capacity, inhibiting runoff of rainwater. (Source: GILP)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > сведение лесов
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2 влияние торговли на окружающую среду
влияние торговли на окружающую среду
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
trade impact on environment
Trade impacts on the environment can be direct, such as trade of endangered species, of natural resources, of natural products such as tropical timber, etc., or indirect, such as deforestation, loss of habitats, pollution from mining, from energy production, oil spills, global warming, etc., increases in transport infrastructures. (Source: NWFa)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > влияние торговли на окружающую среду
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3 горная экосистема
горная экосистема
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
mountain ecosystem
Ecosystems found on high-mountains at low latitudes. Mountain ecosystems are very vulnerable. They are increasingly sensitive to soil erosion, landslide and rapid loss of habitat and genetic diversity. Widespread poverty and an increase in the numbers of mountain inhabitants lead to deforestation, cultivation of marginal lands, excessive livestock grazing, loss of biomass cover and other forms of environmental degradation. Because little is known about mountain ecosystems, Agenda 21 has proposed the establishment of a global mountain database. This is essential for the launch of programmes that would contribute to the sustainable development of mountain ecosystems. The proposals also focus on promoting watershed development and alternative employment for people whose livelihoods are linked to practices that degrade mountains. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > горная экосистема
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4 изменение климата как следствие деятельности человека
изменение климата как следствие деятельности человека
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
man-made climate change
Man-made climate changes may be due to the greenhouse effect and other human activities. A change in albedo of the land brought about by desertification and deforestation affects the amount of solar energy absorbed at the earth's surface. Man-made aerosols produced from the sulphur released from power stations can modify clouds. Changes in ozone levels in the stratosphere due to CFCs may influence climate. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > изменение климата как следствие деятельности человека
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5 истощение лесных ресурсов
истощение лесных ресурсов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
forest deterioration
Reduction of tree population in forests caused by acidic precipitation, forest fires, air pollution, deforestation, pests and diseases of trees, wildlife, etc. (Source: WPR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > истощение лесных ресурсов
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6 исчезающий вид
исчезающий вид
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
category of endangered species
Those of the planet's flora and fauna which are threatened with extinction. Hunting and poaching to fuel the trade in ivory, horn, skins, fur and feathers have long been a threat to already endangered species. Pollution, agricultural expansion, loss of wetlands, deforestation and other erosion of habitats have been added to the hazards. Human activity was responsible for most of the animals and plants known to have been lost in the past two centuries. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > исчезающий вид
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7 лесной биологический заповедник
лесной биологический заповедник
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
forest biological reserve
Forest areas which are protected and guarded from deforestation because of the fragility of its ecosystems, and because they provide habitats for hundreds of species of plants and animals. (Source: TOURISa)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > лесной биологический заповедник
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8 опустынивание
опустынивание
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
desertification
1) The development of desert conditions as a result of human activity or climatic changes.
2) The process of land damage which allows the soil to spread like a desert in arid and semi-arid regions. There is a loss of vegetative cover and the soil deteriorates in texture, nutrient content and fertility. Desertification affects the lives of three-quarters of the world's population, 70 % of all drylands and one quarter of the total land area of the planet. There are many reasons for desertification, but the majority are caused by human activities, overgrazing, deforestation, poor land management and over-exploitation. Agenda 21 states that the priority in combating desertification should be establishing preventive measures for lands that are not yet, or are only slightly, degraded.
(Source: LBC / WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > опустынивание
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9 тропический дождевой лес
тропический дождевой лес
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
tropical rain forest
The most valuable and the richest ecosystem on Earth. It plays a critical part in the Earth's life support systems and house 50%, and possibly as much as 90%, of all the species on Earth. It is a key storehouse of foods, oils and minerals, and a source of ingredients that make up a range of medical treatments. It also represents home and livelihood for many people. However, more than half of the rainforests have disappeared, chopped down for valuable tropical hardwoods, or cleared to provide areas for cattle grazing or human habitation. The forests play an important part in climate patterns, and deforestation is thought to be responsible for 18% of global warming. Furthermore, as they disappear there is also an albedo effect - a damaging increase in the sunlight reflected - which affects wind and rainfall patterns. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > тропический дождевой лес
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10 ущерб, нанесенный лесам
ущерб, нанесенный лесам
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
forest damage
Reduction of tree population in forests caused by acidic precipitation, forest fires, air pollution, deforestation, pests and diseases of trees, wildlife, etc. (Source: WPR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ущерб, нанесенный лесам
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11 ущерб, нанесенный почве
ущерб, нанесенный почве
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil damage
Soil impaired as a consequence of human activity. A study financed by UNEP, reporting in 1992, found that about 10,5% of the world's vegetative surface had been seriously damaged by human activity since 1945. The study found that much of the damage had been masked by a general rise in global agricultural productivity resulting from expanded irrigation, better plant varieties, and greater use of production inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides. More than 1/3 of the damaged land was in Asia, almost 1/3 in Africa, and 1/4 in Central America. Some land had been damaged beyond restoration. The greatest sources of soil degradation were overgrazing, unsuitable agricultural practices, and deforestation. (Source: GILP96)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ущерб, нанесенный почве
См. также в других словарях:
Déforestation — par brûlis, pour mise en culture, Sud Mexique Image … Wikipédia en Français
Deforestation — Déforestation Déforestation par brûlis, pour mise en culture, Sud Mexique … Wikipédia en Français
déforestation — [ defɔrɛstasjɔ̃ ] n. f. • 1877; angl. amér. deforestation ♦ Péj. Action de détruire une forêt; son résultat. La déforestation de l Amazonie (⇒ déboisement) . On dit aussi DÉFORESTAGE . V. tr. <conjug. : 1> DÉFORESTER , 1989 . ⊗ CONTR.… … Encyclopédie Universelle
deforestation — 1884, from DEFOREST (Cf. deforest) + ATION (Cf. ation). Earlier was deforesting (1530s) which was a legal term for the change in definition of a parcel of land from forest to something else … Etymology dictionary
deforestation — [n] clear cutting denuding, desertification, erosion, logging; concepts 252,257,698 … New thesaurus
Deforestation — For other uses, see Deforestation (disambiguation). Jungle burned for agriculture in southern Mexico … Wikipedia
deforestation — See deforest. * * * Process of clearing forests. Rates of deforestation are particularly high in the tropics, where the poor quality of the soil has led to the practice of routine clear cutting to make new soil available for agricultural use.… … Universalium
deforestation — /diˌfɒrəstˈeɪʃən/ (say dee.foruhst ayshuhn) noun the permanent removal of forests or trees from a large area, usually for commercial purposes. The environmental damage that can be caused by deforestation is graphically illustrated by the collapse …
déforestation — (entrée créée par le supplément) (dé fo rè sta sion) s. f. Action de détruire les forêts. Quelles sont les causes principales de ce terrible fléau de l ensablement en Boukharie ? la déforestation d abord.... Journ. offic. 5 juill. 1874, p. 4672,… … Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré
deforestation — de|for|es|ta|tion [di:ˌfɔrıˈsteıʃən US ˌfo: , ˌfa: ] n [U] the cutting or burning down of all the trees in an area ▪ the deforestation of the tropics >deforest [di:ˈfɔrıst US ˈfo: , ˈfa: ] v [T usually passive] … Dictionary of contemporary English
deforestation — deforest ► VERB ▪ clear of forest or trees. DERIVATIVES deforestation noun … English terms dictionary
