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81 dmt
1) Компьютерная техника: Desktop Migration Tool2) Военный термин: Developmental Maintenance Testing, Director of Military Training, Director of Military Transport, deer mobile target, digital message terminal, dual-mode tracker, Ди-Эм-Ти (диметилтриптамин)4) Химия: Dimethyl Terephthalate5) Строительство: технология глубокого смешивания6) Биржевой термин: Digital Monetary Trust, Digital Money Trust7) Телекоммуникации: Discrete Multi Tone8) Сокращение: Deep Mobile Target, Discrete MultiTone, Dual Mode laser / TV Tracker, deep mixing technology, Digital Multi-Tone, испытания с использованием дилатометра (dilatometer test)9) Физиология: Dance Movement Therapy10) Вычислительная техника: digital modulation tester, dynamic methods table, таблица динамических методов, Discrete Multitone Technology (ADSL, Amati Communications, ANSI), Discrete Monitor Timings (VESA)11) Космонавтика: декретное московское время12) Деловая лексика: Design Manufacturing Technology, Diamond Machining Technology, Digital Marketing Technology13) Полимеры: dimethyl terephthalate (P)14) Авиационная медицина: defense mechanism test15) Расширение файла: Digital/Discrete Multi-Tone16) Наркотики: ДМТ, Dimethyltryptamine, Диметилтриптамин17) Должность: Drum Machine Technician -
82 pad
1) Компьютерная техника: Picture A Day, Portable Application Description, Peer Authorization Database2) Медицина: атеросклероз периферических артерий3) Военный термин: Panama air depot, Payload And Delivery, Personnel Administration For Divisions, Pipe Aquisition Disorder, Pre Advisory Data, Pueblo Army Depot, passive air defence, permissible accumulated dose, pilotless aircraft division, point air defense, pontoon assembly depot, pontoon assembly detachment, poor acquisition data, port of aerial debarkation, preferred arrival date, program action directive, program analysis division, project approval document, propellant-actuated device, proposal for advanced development, provisional acceptance date, provisional air division, public affairs division, Public Assistance Director (US)4) Техника: particle accelerator division, passive electronic decoy, performance analysis and design, predicated area of danger system, programmable address decoder5) Шутливое выражение: Punks Against Discrimination6) Юридический термин: Peoples Awareness Of Disabilities7) Экономика: обоснование проекта8) Бухгалтерия: Preauthorized electronic debits9) Страхование: Payment against documents10) Телекоммуникации: Packet Assembler/Disassembler (X.25)11) Сокращение: Packet Assembler / Disassembler (Communications networks), Planning Analysis Document, Point Air Defence, Predicted Area of Danger, Preliminary Analysis Document (NATO), padder (capacitor)12) Университет: Presidents And Academic Deans13) Физиология: Peripheral Arterial Disease, Photo Activated Disinfection, Pop And Drop14) Вычислительная техника: Packet Assembling Disassembling (CCITT, X.3, X.28, X.29, PSDN), Packet Assembler-Disassembler (Networking)15) Нефть: paragon acid dispersion16) Иммунология: pulsed amperometric detector17) Стоматология: фотодинамическая дезинфекция, фотодинамическая деконтаминация, фотодинамическая инактивация микрофлоры, photo activated decontamination, photo-activated decontamination, photo-activated disinfection, photoactivated disinfection, photoactivated oral disinfection, PAD-технология, технология PAD, технология фотодинамической инактивации/дезинфекции микрофлоры, PAD technology, photo activated disinfection technology18) Транспорт: Petroleum Administration for Defense19) Реклама: Удовольствие-Возбуждение-Превосходство20) Деловая лексика: Product And Application Development22) Производство: дата появления деталей в наличии, дата появления детали в наличии23) Образование: Patience And Discipline, Public Access To Defibrillators24) Сетевые технологии: Personal Access Device, packet assembly and disassembly, packet assembly/disassembly, пакетный адаптер, сборка/разборка пакетов, сборщик/разборщик пакетов, устройство сборки/разборки пакетов, формирование и декомпозиция пакетов, формирование и разборка пакетов25) ЕБРР: project appraisal document26) Полупроводники: photoelectron angular distribution27) Сахалин Р: Preliminary Approved Discharge, Production and Drilling28) Макаров: импульсное амперометрическое детектирование29) Безопасность: personal authentication device30) Расширение файла: Packet Assembler/Disassembler, Positioning Arm Disc, Keypad definition (Telemate)31) Бронетанковая техника: Protection Areal Density32) Электротехника: power amplifier driver33) НАСА: Pressure Anomaly Detection -
83 industry
nto convert the industry to peaceful production — конвертировать военную промышленность (на товары массового спроса)
to relocate one's industries — переносить свои предприятия в другое место
to restore industry — возрождать / восстанавливать промышленность
- aerospace industryto sell off an industry — продавать частным владельцам / денационализировать отрасль промышленности
- agricultural industry
- aircraft industry
- allied industries
- ancillary industries
- armaments industry
- arms industry
- atomic industry
- auto industry
- automobile industry
- auxiliary industry
- baby industries
- basic industries
- building industry
- capital goods industries
- capital-intensive industry
- chemical industry
- cinematographic industry
- construction industry
- consumer goods industry
- cottage industry
- craft industry
- defense industries
- defense-related industries
- development of national industry
- diversified industry
- domestic industry
- efficient industry
- electric-power industry
- electronics industry
- electrotechnical industry
- energy industry
- engineering industry
- entertainment industry
- export industries
- export-promoting industries
- extractive industry
- fabricating industry
- farming industry
- ferrous metal industry
- film industry
- food industry
- food-processing industry
- forest industry
- fuel and power industries
- fuel industry
- heavy industry
- high tech industry
- highly developed industries
- home industry
- import-substituting industries
- import-substitution industries
- industries with non-stop production
- infant industry
- instruction industry
- instrument-making industry
- iron and steel industry
- key industry
- labor-consuming industries
- labor-intensive industries
- large-scale industry
- leisure-time industries
- light industry
- local industry
- machine-building industry
- machine-tool industry
- manufacturing industry
- maritime industry
- metal-working industry
- mining industry
- monopolistic industry
- monopolized industry
- motor-car industry
- national industry
- nationalized industry
- nuclear industry
- nuclear-power industry
- oil industry
- oil-extracting industry
- petrochemical industry
- petroleum industry
- power industry
- primary industry
- printing industry
- priority industries
- processing industries
- public industries
- publicly-owned industries
- radio engineering industry
- regional industry
- rural industry
- science-consuming industry
- science-intensive industry
- secondary industry
- service industries
- service-producing industries
- shipbuilding industry
- small-scale industries
- state industry
- state-controlled industry
- state-owned industry
- steel industry
- sunrise industry
- sunset industry
- technically advanced industry
- technology industry
- technology-intensive industry
- tourist industry
- trade industry
- traditional industries
- travel industry
- uneconomic industries
- up-to-date industry
- user industries
- vital industries
- war industry
- weapon industry -
84 environment
условия [факторы] окружающей среды; окружающая обстановка; система технических средств обеспечения боевых действий— chemical warfare environment— high-intensity combat environment— maneuvering environment— mid-intensity combat environment -
85 strategy
massive (nuclear) reprisal strategy — стратегия «массированного возмездия», стратегия нанесения массированных ответных ЯУ
massive (nuclear) retaliation strategy — стратегия «массированного возмездия», стратегия нанесения массированных ответных ЯУ
— non-war strategy -
86 Shockley, William Bradford
[br]b. 13 February 1910 London, Englandd. 12 August 1989, Palo Alto, California, USA.[br]American physicist who developed the junction transistor from the point contact transistor and was joint winner (with John Bardeen and Walter H. Brattain) of the 1956 Nobel Prize for physics.[br]The son of a mining engineer, Shockley graduated from the California Institute of Technology in 1932 and in 1936 obtained his PhD at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In that year, he joined the staff of Bell Telephone Laboratories.Since the early days of radio, crystals of silicon or similar materials had been used to rectify alternating current supply until these were displaced by thermionic valves or tubes. Shockley, with Bardeen and Brattain, found that crystals of germanium containing traces of certain impurities formed far better rectifiers than crystals of the material in its pure form. The resulting device, the transistor, could also be used to amplify the current; its name is derived from its ability to transfer current across a resistor. The transistor, being so much smaller than the thermionic valve which it replaced, led to the miniaturization of electronic appliances. Another advantage was that a transistorized device needed no period of warming up, such as was necessary with a thermionic valve before it would operate. The dispersal of the heat generated by a multiplicity of thermionic valves such as were present in early computers was another problem obviated by the advent of the transistor.Shockley was responsible for much development in the field of semiconductors. He was Deputy Director of the Weapons Systems Evaluation Group of the US Department of Defense (1954–5), and in 1963 he was appointed the first Poniatoff Professor of Engineering Science at Stanford University, California. During the late 1960s Shockley became a controversial figure for expressing his unorthodox views on genetics, such as that black people were inherently less intelligent than white people, and that the population explosion spread "bad" genes at the expense of "good" genes; he supported the idea of a sperm bank from Nobel Prize winners, voluntary sterilization and the restriction of interracial marriages.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Physics 1956.Further ReadingI.Asimov (ed.), 1982, Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, New York: Doubleday \& Co.IMcNBiographical history of technology > Shockley, William Bradford
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87 ADUSD
Военный термин: Assistant Deputy Under Secretary Of Defense, (AL&T) Assistant Deputy Under Secretary Of Defense (Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology), (TP) Assistant Deputy Under Secretary Of Defense for Transportation Policy -
88 DSR
1) Общая лексика: Designer Supervision Report (SEIC)2) Компьютерная техника: Digital Standard Runoff3) Медицина: Digital Storage and Retrieval (патентованный формат файлов ультразвуковых изображений Philips), Data Summary Report4) Военный термин: Data Service Request, Defense Source Register, Defense Subsistence Region, Director of Scientific Research, Director of Surveillance and Reconnaissance, daily status report, defense suppression rocker, document status report5) Техника: data specification request, data survey report, delayed sound reinforcement, device support routine, digit storage relay, digital shift register, digital sound recorder, digital stepping recorder, disturbed sun radiation, dose-to-source ratio, dynamic shift register, dynamic sideband regulator, dynamic spatial reconstructor, Dry Solids Removal (Gasification Technology Conference)6) Математика: Double Square Root7) Автомобильный термин: ford diagnostic subroutine8) Сокращение: Data Set Ready (communications protocol signal), Dynamic Storage Region9) Университет: Directed Study Room10) Электроника: Digital Signature Recognition, data set ready11) Вычислительная техника: Data Set Ready (MODEM, RS-232), поиск и извлечение документов12) Микробиология: downstream region13) Транспорт: Danish State Railways, Display System Replacement14) Деловая лексика: Design Substantiation Report15) Сетевые технологии: Direct Server Return, data scanning and routing, device status report, document search and retrieval, источник данных готов, отчёт о состоянии устройства, сканирование и маршрутизация данных16) ЕБРР: debt service ratio17) Программирование: Detonate Status Register18) Химическое оружие: depot surveillance records19) Безопасность: data signaling rate20) Расширение файла: Device Status Register, Driver Resource (WordPerfect for Win)21) Каспий: damaged strength ratio22) Печатные платы: double sided reflow23) Должность: Dealer Sales Representative24) Чат: Dream So Real -
89 DTS
1) Общая лексика: цифровой формат многоканального звука, используемый в кинотеатрах и системах домашнего кинотеат (альтернативный формату "Dolby Digital"; DTS обеспечивает работу как 5.1-канальных, так и 7.1-канальных систем. Другое название - DTS Digital Surround)2) Компьютерная техника: Data Transfer Service, Data Transformation Services3) Геология: (delta t shear) интервальное время (по АК) для поперечных волн4) Спорт: Digital Timing System5) Военный термин: DOD Transportation System, Dedicated Transmission Service, Defense Telephone Service, Defense Transportation System, Diplomatic Telecommunications Service, Diplomatic Telecommunications System/Service, Direct Transmission System, daily test schedule, data test station, defense technologies study, digital telemetering system6) Техника: DSIF tracking and monitor control subsystem, Danger To Shipping, Doppler tracking station, data transmission subsystem, detector tracker switch, differential temperature switch, digital termination service, digital tracking subsystem, digital tracking system, double-throw switch, dynamic test system, Design Technical Services7) Железнодорожный термин: Grand Trunk Western Railroad Incorporated8) Автомобильный термин: режим диагностики, Dealer Technical Support9) Грубое выражение: Don't Talk Shit10) Оптика: deuterated triglycine sulfate11) Телекоммуникации: Digital Terminal Systems, Digital Transmission Systems12) Сокращение: Data Terminal Set, Desarrollo de Tecnologias y Sistemas Ltda (Chile), Digital Terminal System, Digital Terrain System, Digital Theater System (a DVD format), Diplomatic Telecommunications System (USA), Dynamic Test Station, Digital Tandem Switch13) Театр: Direct To Stage14) Физиология: Digital Tourette's Syndrome15) Электроника: Digital Time System, Digital Tuning System16) Вычислительная техника: Direct To SOM, Distributed Time Server, decode time stamp, Digital Theatre Sound (Audio), Distributed Time Service (DCE)17) Нефть: s-wave interval transit time18) Фирменный знак: Den Trinity Shop19) СМИ: Digital Theater Sound, Dolby Theatre Sound20) Деловая лексика: Daily Transaction Statements, Data Transformation Service, Do They Ship21) Образование: Determined To Succeed, Discipleship Training School22) Сетевые технологии: Distributed Time Service, Dynamic Transport Switching, data transfer system, data transmission system, распределённая служба системного времени, система передачи данных23) Автоматика: double tube system, driveless transport system24) Ядерная физика: Double Thermostat and Safety25) Сахалин Р: delta t shear26) Расширение файла: Distributed Traffic Shaping (Cisco)27) Нефть и газ: de-energized to safe, distributed temperature sensing28) Карачаганак: система цифровых пультов (Digital Turret System), СЦП29) Электротехника: diagnostic test set, dispatching training simulator30) Снабжение: dock-to-stock31) Hi-Fi. Digital Theater System32) Должность: Drive Train Specialists33) Правительство: Down Town Seattle34) НАСА: Device Technology And Safety35) СМС: Don't Talk Software -
90 DTs
1) Общая лексика: цифровой формат многоканального звука, используемый в кинотеатрах и системах домашнего кинотеат (альтернативный формату "Dolby Digital"; DTS обеспечивает работу как 5.1-канальных, так и 7.1-канальных систем. Другое название - DTS Digital Surround)2) Компьютерная техника: Data Transfer Service, Data Transformation Services3) Геология: (delta t shear) интервальное время (по АК) для поперечных волн4) Спорт: Digital Timing System5) Военный термин: DOD Transportation System, Dedicated Transmission Service, Defense Telephone Service, Defense Transportation System, Diplomatic Telecommunications Service, Diplomatic Telecommunications System/Service, Direct Transmission System, daily test schedule, data test station, defense technologies study, digital telemetering system6) Техника: DSIF tracking and monitor control subsystem, Danger To Shipping, Doppler tracking station, data transmission subsystem, detector tracker switch, differential temperature switch, digital termination service, digital tracking subsystem, digital tracking system, double-throw switch, dynamic test system, Design Technical Services7) Железнодорожный термин: Grand Trunk Western Railroad Incorporated8) Автомобильный термин: режим диагностики, Dealer Technical Support9) Грубое выражение: Don't Talk Shit10) Оптика: deuterated triglycine sulfate11) Телекоммуникации: Digital Terminal Systems, Digital Transmission Systems12) Сокращение: Data Terminal Set, Desarrollo de Tecnologias y Sistemas Ltda (Chile), Digital Terminal System, Digital Terrain System, Digital Theater System (a DVD format), Diplomatic Telecommunications System (USA), Dynamic Test Station, Digital Tandem Switch13) Театр: Direct To Stage14) Физиология: Digital Tourette's Syndrome15) Электроника: Digital Time System, Digital Tuning System16) Вычислительная техника: Direct To SOM, Distributed Time Server, decode time stamp, Digital Theatre Sound (Audio), Distributed Time Service (DCE)17) Нефть: s-wave interval transit time18) Фирменный знак: Den Trinity Shop19) СМИ: Digital Theater Sound, Dolby Theatre Sound20) Деловая лексика: Daily Transaction Statements, Data Transformation Service, Do They Ship21) Образование: Determined To Succeed, Discipleship Training School22) Сетевые технологии: Distributed Time Service, Dynamic Transport Switching, data transfer system, data transmission system, распределённая служба системного времени, система передачи данных23) Автоматика: double tube system, driveless transport system24) Ядерная физика: Double Thermostat and Safety25) Сахалин Р: delta t shear26) Расширение файла: Distributed Traffic Shaping (Cisco)27) Нефть и газ: de-energized to safe, distributed temperature sensing28) Карачаганак: система цифровых пультов (Digital Turret System), СЦП29) Электротехника: diagnostic test set, dispatching training simulator30) Снабжение: dock-to-stock31) Hi-Fi. Digital Theater System32) Должность: Drive Train Specialists33) Правительство: Down Town Seattle34) НАСА: Device Technology And Safety35) СМС: Don't Talk Software -
91 dts
1) Общая лексика: цифровой формат многоканального звука, используемый в кинотеатрах и системах домашнего кинотеат (альтернативный формату "Dolby Digital"; DTS обеспечивает работу как 5.1-канальных, так и 7.1-канальных систем. Другое название - DTS Digital Surround)2) Компьютерная техника: Data Transfer Service, Data Transformation Services3) Геология: (delta t shear) интервальное время (по АК) для поперечных волн4) Спорт: Digital Timing System5) Военный термин: DOD Transportation System, Dedicated Transmission Service, Defense Telephone Service, Defense Transportation System, Diplomatic Telecommunications Service, Diplomatic Telecommunications System/Service, Direct Transmission System, daily test schedule, data test station, defense technologies study, digital telemetering system6) Техника: DSIF tracking and monitor control subsystem, Danger To Shipping, Doppler tracking station, data transmission subsystem, detector tracker switch, differential temperature switch, digital termination service, digital tracking subsystem, digital tracking system, double-throw switch, dynamic test system, Design Technical Services7) Железнодорожный термин: Grand Trunk Western Railroad Incorporated8) Автомобильный термин: режим диагностики, Dealer Technical Support9) Грубое выражение: Don't Talk Shit10) Оптика: deuterated triglycine sulfate11) Телекоммуникации: Digital Terminal Systems, Digital Transmission Systems12) Сокращение: Data Terminal Set, Desarrollo de Tecnologias y Sistemas Ltda (Chile), Digital Terminal System, Digital Terrain System, Digital Theater System (a DVD format), Diplomatic Telecommunications System (USA), Dynamic Test Station, Digital Tandem Switch13) Театр: Direct To Stage14) Физиология: Digital Tourette's Syndrome15) Электроника: Digital Time System, Digital Tuning System16) Вычислительная техника: Direct To SOM, Distributed Time Server, decode time stamp, Digital Theatre Sound (Audio), Distributed Time Service (DCE)17) Нефть: s-wave interval transit time18) Фирменный знак: Den Trinity Shop19) СМИ: Digital Theater Sound, Dolby Theatre Sound20) Деловая лексика: Daily Transaction Statements, Data Transformation Service, Do They Ship21) Образование: Determined To Succeed, Discipleship Training School22) Сетевые технологии: Distributed Time Service, Dynamic Transport Switching, data transfer system, data transmission system, распределённая служба системного времени, система передачи данных23) Автоматика: double tube system, driveless transport system24) Ядерная физика: Double Thermostat and Safety25) Сахалин Р: delta t shear26) Расширение файла: Distributed Traffic Shaping (Cisco)27) Нефть и газ: de-energized to safe, distributed temperature sensing28) Карачаганак: система цифровых пультов (Digital Turret System), СЦП29) Электротехника: diagnostic test set, dispatching training simulator30) Снабжение: dock-to-stock31) Hi-Fi. Digital Theater System32) Должность: Drive Train Specialists33) Правительство: Down Town Seattle34) НАСА: Device Technology And Safety35) СМС: Don't Talk Software -
92 DSTO
1) Военный термин: Defence Science and Technology Organization, Defense Science and Technology Organization2) Сокращение: Defence Science & Technology Organisation (Australia) -
93 Deputy Assistant Secretary
Deputy Assistant Secretary C3 and Intelligence — заместитель помощника министра по системам руководства, управления, связи и разведки (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Acquisition Management — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам закупок систем оружия (ВВС)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Administration — заместитель помощника министра по административным вопросам (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Advanced Concepts — заместитель помощника министра по перспективным концепциям (ВМС)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Civilian Personnel Policy — заместитель помощника министра по разработке программ использования гражданского персонала (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, DA Review Boards and Personnel Security — заместитель помощника министра СВ по вопросам деятельности комиссий по делам военнослужащих и контрразведывательной проверке ЛС
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Drug and Alcohol Abuse Prevention — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам борьбы с наркоманией и алкоголизмом (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, East Asia and Pacific Affairs — заместитель помощника министра по делам стран Восточной Азии и Тихого океана (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Environment, Safety and Occupational Health — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам охраны окружающей среды, мерам безопасности и определению физической пригодности ЛС (СВ)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Equal Opportunity — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам обеспечения равных возможностей (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, European and NATO Affairs — заместитель помощника министра по делам стран Европы и НАТО (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Health Resources and Programs — заместитель помощника министра по ресурсам и программам здравоохранения (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Inter-American Affairs — заместитель помощника министра по межамериканским делам (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, International Economic and Technology Affairs — заместитель помощника министра по международным экономическим вопросам и военной технологии (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, International Economic, Trade and Security Policy — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам разработки принципов международной экономики, торговли и безопасности (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Logistics — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам тылового обеспечения (ВВС)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Management Systems — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам систем управления (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Manpower — заместитель помощника министра по людским ресурсам (ВМС)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Near Eastern, African and South Asian Affairs — заместитель помощника министра по делам стран Ближнего Востока, Африки и Южной Азии (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Plans and Resources — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам планирования и использования ресурсов (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Program Management — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам руководства реализацией программ (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Program/Budget — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам программ и бюджета (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Research, Applied and Space Technology — заместитель помощника министра по НИР, прикладным наукам и космической технике (ВМС)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Resource Analysis — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам исследования ресурсов (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Security Assistance — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам оказания военной помощи иностранным государствам (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Strategic and Theater Nuclear Forces Policy — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам разработки принципов использования стратегических ядерных сил и ядерных сил на ТВД (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Supply, Maintenance and Services — заместитель помощника министра по снабжению, техническому обеспечению и обслуживанию (МО)
Deputy Assistant Secretary, Technical Policy and Operations — заместитель помощника министра по вопросам разработки и эксплуатации технических средств (МО)
Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary, Installations — первый заместитель помощника министра по авиационным объектам (ВВС)
English-Russian military dictionary > Deputy Assistant Secretary
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94 satellite
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95 Townes, Charles Hard
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 28 July 1915 Greenville, South Carolina, USA[br]American physicist who developed the maser and contributed to the development of the laser.[br]Charles H.Townes entered Furman University, Greenville, at the early age of 16 and in 1935 obtained a BA in modern languages and a BS in physics. After a year of postgraduate study at Duke University, he received a master's degree in physics in 1936. He then went on to the California Institute of Technology, where he obtained a PhD in 1939. From 1939 to 1947 he worked at the Bell Telephone Laboratories, mainly on airborne radar, although he also did some work on radio astronomy. In 1948 he joined Columbia University as Associate Professor of Physics and in 1950 was appointed a full professor. He was Director of the University's Radiation Laboratory from 1950 to 1952, and from 1952 to 1955 he was Chairman of the Physics Department.To meet the need for an oscillator generating very short wavelength electromagnetic radiation, Townes in 1951 realized that use could be made of the different natural energy levels of atoms and molecules. The practical application of this idea was achieved in his laboratory in 1953 using ammonia gas to make the device known as a maser (an acronym of microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). The maser was developed in the next few years and in 1958, in a joint paper with his brother-in-law Arthur L. Schawlow, Townes suggested the possibility of a further development into optical frequencies or an optical maser, later known as a laser (an acronym of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). Two years later the first such device was made by Theodore H. Maiman.In 1959 Townes was given leave from Columbia University to serve as Vice-President and Director of Research at the Institute for Defense Analyses until 1961. He was then appointed Provost and Professor of Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1967 he became University Professor of Physics at the University of California, where he has extended his research interests in the field of microwave and infra-red astronomy. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and the American Astronomical Society.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Physics 1964. Foreign Member, Royal Society of London. President, American Physical Society 1967. Townes has received many awards from American and other scientific societies and institutions and honorary degrees from more than twenty universities.BibliographyTownes is the author of many scientific papers and, with Arthur L.Schawlow, ofMicrowave Spectroscopy (1955).1980, entry, McGraw-Hill Modern Scientists and Engineers, Part 3, New York, pp. 227– 8 (autobiography).1991, entry, The Nobel Century, London, p. 106 (autobiography).Further ReadingT.Wasson (ed.), 1987, Nobel Prize Winners, New York, pp. 1,071–3 (contains a short biography).RTS -
96 ASD (ES)
Химическое оружие: Assistant Secretary of Defense for Economic Security, Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology -
97 ATOC
1) Авиация: Allied Tactical Operations Center (NATO)2) Военный термин: Air Defense/ TMD ( Theater Missile Defense) Operation Center, Allied Technical Operations Center, advanced technology of management, air tactical operations center, air transport operations centre, average total operating cost, Allied Tactical Operations Center (NATO)3) Железнодорожный термин: Association Of Train Operating Companies4) Сокращение: Allied Tactical Operations Centre (NATO)5) Океанография: Acoustic Thermography of Ocean Climate -
98 BMDSTP
1) Военный термин: ballistic missile defense support system -
99 DRE
1) Компьютерная техника: Digital Rectal Examination2) Медицина: цифровое ректальное обследование (digital rectal exam)3) Военный термин: Defence Research Establishment, Defense Research and Engineering, Director of Research and Engineering, Directorate of Research and Engineering, data recording equipment, data reduction equipment, district reserve equipment4) Техника: Doppler radar equipment, direct reading encoder, direct-memory-access request, drive error5) Политика: Democracy Repealed Electronically6) Сокращение: Directional Reservation Equipment, Display Remoting Equipment, Diversity Reception Equipment, dead reckoning equipment7) Физиология: Digital Rectal Exam, Dressing8) Электроника: Direct Record Electronics, Direct Recording Electronics9) Нефть: Destruction or Removal Efficiency (Measure of a technology's effectiveness in removing contaminants from hazardous waste)10) Химическое оружие: Destruction and removal efficiency, Director of Research and Engineering, Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, destruction removal efficiency11) NYSE. Duke- Weeks Realty Corporation12) Аэропорты: Drummond Island, Michigan USA -
100 DUSD (AR)
Химическое оружие: Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition Reform), Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology
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