-
41 двусторонняя связь
1. bilateral constraint2. two-way communicationконтур имеет неполную связь с лампой — there is tapped-down connection from the tuned circuit to the tube
охватывать обратной связью — place a feedback path around …
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > двусторонняя связь
-
42 количество информации
1. amount of information2. information content3. information contentsРусско-английский большой базовый словарь > количество информации
-
43 конечная величина
1. finite quantity; final quantity2. finite valueзначение функции полезности; величина выигрыша — merit value
абсолютная величина, абсолютное значение — absolute value
стандартное значение; стандартная величина — standard value
коэффициент излучения; величина излучения — emittance value
величина излучения; коэффициент излучения — radiation value
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > конечная величина
-
44 activity based costing
Fin, Gen Mgta method of calculating the cost of a business by focusing on the actual cost of activities, thereby producing an estimate of the cost of individual products or services.Abbr. ABCEXAMPLEAn ABC cost-accounting system requires three preliminary steps: converting to an accrual method of accounting; defining cost centers and cost allocation; and determining process and procedure costs.Businesses have traditionally relied on the cash basis of accounting, which recognizes income when received and expenses when paid. ABC’s foundation is the accrual-basis income statement. The numbers this statement presents are assigned to the various procedures performed during a given period. Cost centers are a company’s identifiable products and services, but also include specific and detailed tasks within these broader activities. Defining cost centers will of course vary by business and method of operation. What is critical to ABC is the inclusion of all activities and all resources.Once cost centers are identified, management teams can begin studying the activities each one engages in and allocating the expenses each one incurs, including the cost of employee services.The most appropriate method is developed from time studies and direct expense allocation. Management teams who choose this method will need to devote several months to data collection in order to generate sufficient information to establish the personnel components of each activity’s total cost.Time studies establish the average amount of time required to complete each task, plus bestand worst-case performances. Only those resources actually used are factored into the cost computation; unused resources are reported separately. These studies can also advise management teams how best to monitor and allocate expenses which might otherwise be expressed as part of general overheads, or go undetected altogether. -
45 bond yield
Finthe annual return on a bond (the rate of interest) expressed as a percentage of the current market price of the bond. Bonds can tie up investors’ money for periods of up to 30 years, so knowing their yield is a critical investment consideration.EXAMPLEBond yield is calculated by multiplying the face value of the bond by its stated annual rate of interest, expressed as a decimal. For example, buying a new ten-year $1,000 bond that pays 6% interest will produce an annual yield amount of $60:1,000 × 0.060 = 60The $60 will be paid as $30 every six months. At the end of ten years, the purchaser will have earned $600, and will also be repaid the original $1,000. Because the bond was purchased when it was first issued, the 6% is also called the “yield to maturity.”This basic formula is complicated by other factors. First is the “time-value of money” theory: money paid in the future is worth less than money paid today. A more detailed computation of total bond yield requires the calculation of the present value of the interest earned each year. Second, changing interest rates have an impact on bond trading and, ultimately, on yield. Changes in interest rates cannot affect the interest paid by bonds already issued, but they do affect the prices of new bonds.
См. также в других словарях:
Critical Path (book) — Critical Path 1st edition … Wikipedia
Critical illness insurance — or critical illness cover is an insurance product, where the insurer is contracted to typically make a lump sum cash payment if the policyholder is diagnosed with one of the critical illnesses listed in the insurance policy. The policy may also… … Wikipedia
Critical Chain Project Management — (CCPM) is a method of planning and managing projects that puts more emphasis on the resources required to execute project tasks developed by Eliyahu M. Goldratt. This is in contrast to the more traditional Critical Path and PERT methods, which… … Wikipedia
Critical chain project management — Critical Chain redirects here. For the novel, see Critical Chain (novel). Critical chain project management (CCPM) is a method of planning and managing projects that puts the main emphasis on the resources required to execute project tasks. It… … Wikipedia
Critical mass (disambiguation) — Critical mass is the amount of fissile material needed to sustain fission. The term may also be used in one of the following meanings: Critical Mass, a bicycle centred social movement Critical Mass (anime), a subdivision of The Right Stuf… … Wikipedia
Critical Test Results Management — (CTRM) also known as Critical Test Results Reporting, and Closed Loop Reporting, is the software that handles a medical test result that has come back as critical to a patient’s health. CTRM software prevents the critical result from being lost… … Wikipedia
Critical heat flux — describes the thermal limit of a phenomenon where a phase change occurs during heating (such as bubbles forming on a metal surface used to heat water), which suddenly decreases the efficiency of heat transfer, thus causing localised overheating… … Wikipedia
critical path method — ˌcritical ˈpath ˌmethod noun [countable, uncountable] another word for critical path analysis * * * critical path method UK US noun [C or U] (ABBREVIATION CPM, also critical path analysis, ABBREVIATION … Financial and business terms
Critical illumination — or Nelsonian illumination is a method of specimen illumination used for transmitted and reflected light (trans and epi illuminated) optical microscopy. Critical illumination focuses an image of a light source on to the specimen for bright… … Wikipedia
critical mass — n. 1. the minimum amount of fissile material that can sustain a nuclear chain reaction under a given set of conditions 2. the minimum amount or number required for something to happen, begin, etc … English World dictionary
Critical responses to David Irving — have changed dramatically as David Irving, a writer on the subject of World War II and Nazism, changes his own public political views, further there are doubts as to how far Irving applies the historical method. This article documents some of… … Wikipedia