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  • 1 Cotton Valley Resources Corporation

    NASDAQ: CTVY

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Cotton Valley Resources Corporation

  • 2 Lado Cotton

    Short coarse strong cotton of white colour grown in the Senegal Valley.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Lado Cotton

  • 3 North-West Frontier Province Cotton

    A variety grown in Peshawar Valley, generally superior to Punjab cotton. Staple 5/8 - in. to 3/4-in., lint 22 per cent.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > North-West Frontier Province Cotton

  • 4 New Orleans Cotton

    Obtained from the Gossypium hirsutum and grown in the Mississippi valley and the watershed of the Gulf of Mexico. It is the most useful of American cottons, has a staple of just over an inch, is regular in length, and the fibre is fine, soft, strong and whitish colour.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > New Orleans Cotton

  • 5 коттон-вэлли

    Drilling: CV (Cotton Valley; серия верхнего отдела юрской системы)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > коттон-вэлли

  • 6 болото

    marsh (постоянное, проточное), fen (затапливаемые берега рек и озер), bog (постоянное, слабопроточное, чаще верховое), mire, marshland, swampmoor, swampland, waterlogged area
    верховое болото - high bog, raised bog, valley bog, basin bog, raised moss, raised moor, upland bog, upland, swamp, mire
    Bog (mire) is permanently waterlogged habitats, often anaerobic and acid, with little flow of water; typically blanket bog is in uplands, but raised bog generally in lowlands; both produce peat, and require high rainfall. Bogs in areas of high water table include valley bog (through-drainage) or basin bogs (largely stagnant) .
    долинное болото - valley bog, valley mire
    Fen (mire) is regarded as sub-category of marsh. It is waterlogged habitat found on shallow margins of lakes and slow rivers, and on alluvial flood plains with impeded drainage. Rich fen is base- and species-rich. Seasonal fen displays wide cyclical variation in the extent of waterlogging .
    кочковатое болото - hillock bog, tussock bog
    кустарничковое болото - subshrub bog, dwarf shrub bog
    лесное болото - wooded bog, forest bog, wood swamp
    моховое болото - mossery, moss, moss bog, moss fen, moss moor
    низинное болото - lowland moor, lowland swamp, fen, flood-plain marsh, lowland bog
    пойменное болото - valley bog, river marsh
    Freshwater marsh is permanently waterlogged habitats, usually well-oxygenated and with steady through-flow of water. Tends towards reedbed, reed-swamp .
    пушицевое болото - cotton grass swamp, cotton grass bog
    соленое болото - salt marsh, salt-water marsh
    солончаковое болото - salt swamp, salt marsh
    сфагновое болото - peat moss bog, sphagnum bog
    торфяное болото - peat bog, peat swamp

    Русско-английский словарь по этологии (поведению животных) > болото

  • 7 Smalley, John

    SUBJECT AREA: Textiles
    [br]
    b. c. 1729 England
    d. 28 January 1782 Holywell, Wales.
    [br]
    English helped Arkwright to build and finance the waterframe.
    [br]
    John Smalley of Preston was the second son of John, a chapman of Blackburn. He was a distant relative of Richard Arkwright through marrying, in 1751, Elizabeth Baxter, whose mother Ellen was the widow of Arkwright's uncle, Richard. In the Preston Guild Rolls of 1762 he was described as a grocer and painter, and he was also Landlord of the Bull Inn. The following year he became a bailiff of Preston and in 1765 he became a Corporation steward. On 14 May 1768 Arkwright, Smalley and David Thornley became partners in a cotton-spinning venture in Nottingham. They agreed to apply for a patent for Arkwright's invention of spinning by rollers, and Smalley signed as a witness. It is said that Smalley provided much of the capital for this new venture as he sold his business at Preston for about £1,600, but this was soon found to be insufficient and the partnership had to be enlarged to include Samuel Need and Jedediah Strutt.
    Smalley may have helped to establish the spinning mill at Nottingham, but by 28 February 1771 he was back in Preston, for on that day he was chosen a "Councilman in the room of Mr. Thomas Jackson deceased" (Fitton 1989:38). He attended meetings for over a year, but either in 1772 or the following year he sold the Bull Inn, and certainly by August 1774 the Smalleys were living in Cromford, where he became Manager of the mill. He soon found himself at logger-heads with Arkwright; however, Strutt was able to smooth the dispute over for a while. Things came to a head in January 1777 when Arkwright was determined to get rid of Smalley, and the three remaining partners agreed to buy out Smalley's share for the sum of £10,751.
    Although he had agreed not to set up any textile machinery, Smalley moved to Holywell in North Wales, where in the spring of 1777 he built a cotton-spinning mill in the Greenfield valley. He prospered there and his son was later to build two more mills in the same valley. Smalley used to go to Wrexham to sell his yarn, and there met John Peers, a leather merchant, who was able to provide a better quality leather for covering the drawing rollers which came to be used in Lancashire. Smalley died in 1782, shortly before Arkwright could sue him for infringement of his patents.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    R.S.Fitton, 1989, The Arkwrights, Spinners of Fortune, Manchester (draws together the fullest details of John Smalley).
    R.L.Hills, 1969, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester (includes details of the agreement with Arkwright).
    A.H.Dodd, 1971, The Industrial Revolution in North Wales, Cardiff; E.J.Foulkes, 1964, "The cotton spinning factories of Flintshire, 1777–1866", Flintshire Historical Society
    Journal 21 (provide more information about his cotton mill at Holywell).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Smalley, John

  • 8 Strutt, Jedediah

    SUBJECT AREA: Textiles
    [br]
    b. 26 July 1726 South Normanton, near Alfreton, Derbyshire, England
    d. 7 May 1797 Derby, England
    [br]
    English inventor of a machine for making ribbed knitting.
    [br]
    Jedediah Strutt was the second of three sons of William, a small farmer and maltster at South Normanton, near Alfreton, Derbyshire, where the only industry was a little framework knitting. At the age of 14 Jedediah was apprenticed to Ralph Massey, a wheelwright near Derby, and lodged with the Woollats, whose daughter Elizabeth he later married in 1755. He moved to Leicester and in 1754 started farming at Blackwell, where an uncle had died and left him the stock on his farm. It was here that he made his knitting invention.
    William Lee's knitting machine remained in virtually the same form as he left it until the middle of the eighteenth century. The knitting industry moved away from London into the Midlands and in 1730 a Nottingham workman, using Indian spun yarn, produced the first pair of cotton hose ever made by mechanical means. This industry developed quickly and by 1750 was providing employment for 1,200 frameworkers using both wool and cotton in the Nottingham and Derby areas. It was against this background that Jedediah Strutt obtained patents for his Derby rib machine in 1758 and 1759.
    The machine was a highly ingenious mechanism, which when placed in front of an ordinary stocking frame enabled the fashionable ribbed stockings to be made by machine instead of by hand. To develop this invention, he formed a partnership first with his brother-in-law, William Woollat, and two leading Derby hosiers, John Bloodworth and Thomas Stamford. This partnership was dissolved in 1762 and another was formed with Woollat and the Nottingham hosier Samuel Need. Strutt's invention was followed by a succession of innovations which enabled framework knitters to produce almost every kind of mesh on their machines. In 1764 the stocking frame was adapted to the making of eyelet holes, and this later lead to the production of lace. In 1767 velvet was made on these frames, and two years later brocade. In this way Strutt's original invention opened up a new era for knitting. Although all these later improvements were not his, he was able to make a fortune from his invention. In 1762 he was made a freeman of Nottingham, but by then he was living in Derby. His business at Derby was concerned mainly with silk hose and he had a silk mill there.
    It was partly his need for cotton yarn and partly his wealth which led him into partnership with Richard Arkwright, John Smalley and David Thornley to exploit Arkwright's patent for spinning cotton by rollers. Together with Samuel Need, they financed the Arkwright partnership in 1770 to develop the horse-powered mill in Nottingham and then the water-powered mill at Cromford. Strutt gave advice to Arkwright about improving the machinery and helped to hold the partnership together when Arkwright fell out with his first partners. Strutt was also involved, in London, where he had a house, with the parliamentary proceedings over the passing of the Calico Act in 1774, which opened up the trade in British-manufactured all-cotton cloth.
    In 1776 Strutt financed the construction of his own mill at Helper, about seven miles (11 km) further down the Derwent valley below Cromford. This was followed by another at Milford, a little lower on the river. Strutt was also a partner with Arkwright and others in the mill at Birkacre, near Chorley in Lancashire. The Strutt mills were developed into large complexes for cotton spinning and many experiments were later carried out in them, both in textile machinery and in fireproof construction for the mills themselves. They were also important training schools for engineers.
    Elizabeth Strutt died in 1774 and Jedediah never married again. The family seem to have lived frugally in spite of their wealth, probably influenced by their Nonconformist background. He had built a house near the mills at Milford, but it was in his Derby house that Jedediah died in 1797. By the time of his death, his son William had long been involved with the business and became a more important cotton spinner than Jedediah.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1758. British patent no. 722 (Derby rib machine). 1759. British patent no. 734 (Derby rib machine).
    Further Reading
    For the involvement of Strutt in Arkwright's spinning ventures, there are two books, the earlier of which is R.S.Fitton and A.P.Wadsworth, 1958, The Strutts and the Arkwrights, 1758–1830, Manchester, which has most of the details about Strutt's life. This has been followed by R.S.Fitton, 1989, The Arkwrights, Spinners of Fortune, Manchester.
    R.L.Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester (for a general background to the textile industry of the period).
    W.Felkin, 1967, History of the Machine-wrought Hosiery and Lace Manufactures, reprint, Newton Abbot (orig. pub. 1867) (covers Strutt's knitting inventions).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Strutt, Jedediah

  • 9 betten

    I v/t bed; (hinlegen) lay (down), bed down; fig. jemanden in Watte betten wrap ( oder keep) s.o. in cotton wool; jemanden zur letzten Ruhe betten lay s.o. to rest; fig. ein Heilbad in herrliche Landschaft gebettet a spa town surrounded by ( oder set in) magnificent countryside
    II v/refl make a bed for o.s.; fig. sich weich betten make a comfortable life for o.s., land a cushy number umg.; wie man sich bettet, so liegt man Sprichw. he’s made his bed, let him lie in it; you’ve made your bed, now lie in it
    * * *
    to lay out; to spread out; to spread
    * * *
    bẹt|ten ['bɛtn]
    1. vt
    (= legen) to make a bed for, to bed down (Brit); Unfallopfer to lay or bed (Brit) down; Kopf to lay

    jdn weich betten — to put sb on a soft bed

    jdn flach betten — to lay sb down flat

    die Patienten werden zweimal am Tag gebettet —

    See:
    → Rose
    2. vr
    to make a bed for oneself, to bed oneself down (Brit)

    wie man sich bettet, so liegt man (Prov) — as you make your bed so you must lie on it (Brit Prov), you make the bed you lie in (US Prov)

    er hat sich schön weich gebettet (mit Heirat) — he's feathered his nest very nicely; (in Stellung) he's got a nice cushy little number for himself (inf)

    * * *
    (to rest (one's head): He pillowed his head on her breast.) pillow
    * * *
    bet·ten
    [ˈbɛtn̩]
    I. vt
    ▪ jdn/etw irgendwie \betten to lay sb/sth down in some way
    weich gebettet in a soft bed
    ▪ in etw akk gebettet sein [o liegen] to be nestled in sth
    II. vr
    ▶ wie man sich bettet, so liegt man (prov) as you make your bed, so you must lie on it prov
    ▶ sich akk weich \betten to make an easy life for oneself
    durch seine reiche Heirat hat er sich wirklich weich gebettet! by marrying into money he has assured himself of a really easy life!
    * * *
    1.
    (geh.) transitives Verb lay

    jemanden flach betten — lay somebody [down] flat

    2.
    reflexives Verb (fig.)

    wie man sich bettet, so liegt man — as you make your bed, so you must lie on it

    * * *
    A. v/t bed; (hinlegen) lay (down), bed down;
    fig
    jemanden in Watte betten wrap ( oder keep) sb in cotton wool;
    fig
    ein Heilbad in herrliche Landschaft gebettet a spa town surrounded by ( oder set in) magnificent countryside
    B. v/r make a bed for o.s.;
    fig
    sich weich betten make a comfortable life for o.s., land a cushy number umg;
    wie man sich bettet, so liegt man sprichw he’s made his bed, let him lie in it; you’ve made your bed, now lie in it
    * * *
    1.
    (geh.) transitives Verb lay

    jemanden flach betten — lay somebody [down] flat

    2.
    reflexives Verb (fig.)

    wie man sich bettet, so liegt man — as you make your bed, so you must lie on it

    * * *
    v.
    to bed v.
    to embed v.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > betten

  • 10 Robinson, George J.

    SUBJECT AREA: Textiles
    [br]
    b. 1712 Scotland
    d. 1798 England
    [br]
    Scottish manufacturer who installed the first Boulton \& Watt rotative steam-engine in a textile mill.
    [br]
    George Robinson is said to have been a Scots migrant who settled at Burwell, near Nottingham, in 1737, but there is no record of his occupation until 1771, when he was noticed as a bleacher. By 1783 he and his son were describing themselves as "merchants and thread manufacturers" as well as bleachers. For their thread, they were using the system of spinning on the waterframe, but it is not known whether they held a licence from Arkwright. Between 1776 and 1791, the firm G.J. \& J.Robinson built a series of six cotton mills with a complex of dams and aqueducts to supply them in the relatively flat land of the Leen valley, near Papplewick, to the north of Nottingham. By careful conservation they were able to obtain considerable power from a very small stream. Castle mill was not only the highest one owned by the Robinsons, but it was also the highest mill on the stream and was fed from a reservoir. The Robinsons might therefore have expected to have enjoyed uninterrupted use of the water, but above them lived Lord Byron in his estate of Newstead Priory. The fifth Lord Byron loved making ornamental ponds on his property so that he could have mock naval battles with his servants, and this tampered with the water supplies so much that the Robinsons found they were unable to work their mills.
    In 1785 they decided to order a rotative steam engine from the firm of Boulton \& Watt. It was erected by John Rennie; however, misfortune seemed to dog this engine, for parts went astray to Manchester and when the engine was finally running at the end of February 1786 it was found to be out of alignment so may not have been very successful. At about the same time, the lawsuit against Lord Byron was found in favour of the Robinsons, but the engine continued in use for at least twelve years and was the first of the type which was to power virtually all steamdriven mills until the 1850s to be installed in a textile mill. It was a low-pressure double-acting condensing beam engine, with a vertical cylinder, parallel motion connecting the piston toone end of a rocking beam, and a connecting rod at the other end of the beam turning the flywheel. In this case Watt's sun and planet motion was used in place of a crank.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    R.L.Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester (for an account of the installation of this engine).
    D.M.Smith, 1965, Industrial Archaeology of the East Midlands, Newton Abbot (describes the problems which the Robinsons had with the water supplies to power their mills).
    S.D.Chapman, 1967, The Early Factory Masters, Newton Abbot (provides details of the business activities of the Robinsons).
    J.D.Marshall, 1959, "Early application of steam power: the cotton mills of the Upper Leen", Transactions of the Thoroton Society of Nottinghamshire 60 (mentions the introduction of this steam-engine).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Robinson, George J.

  • 11 хлопковый район долины Миссисипи

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > хлопковый район долины Миссисипи

  • 12 oltin

    gold (s. oltin bosh intelligent, sharp. oltin vodiy golden (fertile, prosperous) valley. oltin kuz bountious fall. oltin odam a person of gold. oq oltin white gold (= cotton). qora oltin black gold (= oil). qo’li oltin/oltin qo’l having a golden touch. oltin qoziq the Pole Star (s. qutb yulduzi)

    Uzbek-English dictionary > oltin

  • 13 Mozambique

       Presently an independent African state and formerly Portugal's main colonial territory in East Africa. After Angola, Portugal's largest colony in Africa, with some 784,090 kilometers (297,000 square miles) of territory. Lisbon controlled sections of what is now Mozambique from the early 16th century to 1975. In its long history as a Portuguese colony and outpost, Mozambique was influenced by its geography and its position in the Portuguese empire. Mozambique's location adjacent to industrializing South Africa was an important factor in its economic life. The colony's location on the sea route to Portugal's empire in India, mainly Goa, and its administrative subordination to Portuguese India during the centuries were also important historical factors.
       Until the 20th century, except for sections of the disease-ridden Zambezi valley, what little Portuguese colonization there was remained coastal. After 1910, Portuguese colonization in the interior burgeoned and plantations of sugar, cotton, and other crops were developed. As in Angola and other African colonies of Portugal, long after slavery was abolished in the 19th century, forced labor of Africans continued into the 1960s in Mozambique. In 1964, a colonial war in Mozambique began, a conflict between Portuguese armed forces and nationalist forces of the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO). This conflict ceased following the Revolution of 25 April 1974 in Portugal. Mozambique obtained its independence in July 1975.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Mozambique

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