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61 Cotton Packs
These are bags or sacks made of jute in plain weave, 85-in. long, 45-in. wide, weighing about 3-lb. 9 porter 9's warp, 9 threads per inch of 10's (see Jute Counts) -
62 Cotton Yarn Measures
54-in.= 1 thread (circumference of wrap reel). 80 threads = 1 lea = 120 yards. 7 leas = 1 hank = 840 yards. 1 bundle = 10-lb. (usually)Dictionary of the English textile terms > Cotton Yarn Measures
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63 Cotton, William
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. 1819 Seagrave, Leicestershire, Englandd. after 1878[br]English inventor of a power-driven flat-bed knitting machine.[br]Cotton was originally employed in Loughborough and became one of the first specialized hosiery-machine builders. After the introduction of the latch needle by Matthew Townsend in 1856, knitting frames developed rapidly. The circular frame was easier to work automatically, but attempts to apply power to the flat frame, which could produce fully fashioned work, culminated in 1863 with William Cotton's machine. In that year he invented a machine that could make a dozen or more stockings or hose simultaneously and knit fashioned garments of all kinds. The difficulty was to reduce automatically the number of stitches in the courses where the hose or garment narrowed to give it shape. Cotton had early opportunities to apply himself to the improvement of hosiery machines while employed in the patent shop of Cartwright \& Warner of Loughborough, where some of the first rotaries were made. He remained with the firm for twenty years, during which time sixty or seventy of these machines were turned out. Cotton then established a factory for the manufacture of warp fabrics, and it was here that he began to work on his ideas. He had no knowledge of the principles of engineering or drawing, so his method of making sketches and then getting his ideas roughed out involved much useless labour. After twelve years, in 1863, a patent was issued for the machine that became the basis of the Cotton's Patent type. This was a flat frame driven by rotary mechanism and remarkable for its adaptability. At first he built his machine upright, like a cottage piano, but after much thought and experimentation he conceived the idea of turning the upper part down flat so that the needles were in a vertical position instead of being horizontal, and the work was carried off horizontally instead of vertically. His first machine produced four identical pieces simultaneously, but this number was soon increased. Cotton was induced by the success of his invention to begin machine building as a separate business and thus established one of the first of a class of engineering firms that sprung up as an adjunct to the new hosiery manufacture. He employed only a dozen men and turned out six machines in the first year, entering into an agreement with Hine \& Mundella for their exclusive use. This was later extended to the firm of I. \& R.Morley. In 1878, Cotton began to build on his own account, and the business steadily increased until it employed some 200 workers and had an output of 100 machines a year.[br]Bibliography1863, British patent no. 1,901 (flat-frame knitting machine).Further ReadingF.A.Wells, 1935, The British Hosiery and Knitwear Industry: Its History and Organisation, London (based on an article in the Knitters' Circular (Feb. 1898).A brief account of the background to Cotton's invention can be found in T.K.Derry and T.I. Williams, 1960, A Short History of Technology from the Earliest Times to AD 1900, Oxford; C. Singer (ed.), 1958, A History of Technology, Vol. V, Oxford: Clarendon Press.F.Moy Thomas, 1900, I. \& R.Morley. A Record of a Hundred Years, London (mentions cotton's first machines).RLH -
64 Cotton-Mouton-Effekt
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65 cotton wool
قُطن طبّي \ cotton wool: cotton in its natural state, made pure for cleaning wounds, etc.. -
66 Cotton-Mouton-Effekt
m < phys> ■ Cotton-Mouton effect -
67 cotton fioc ® sm inv
['kɔtton'fiɔk] -
68 cotton fioc
® sm inv ['kɔtton'fiɔk] -
69 Cotton Area Lagged
Textile: CALУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Cotton Area Lagged
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70 Cotton Research and Development Corporation
Trademark term: CRDCУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Cotton Research and Development Corporation
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71 Cotton Seed Oil
Agriculture: CSO -
72 Cotton States Life Insurance Company
NASDAQ: CSLIУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Cotton States Life Insurance Company
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73 Cotton Valley Resources Corporation
NASDAQ: CTVYУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Cotton Valley Resources Corporation
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74 Cotton, Silk and Man-made Fibres Research Association
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Cotton, Silk and Man-made Fibres Research Association
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75 cotton aerodynamic antigravity
Military: CAAGУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > cotton aerodynamic antigravity
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76 cotton candy
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77 cotton cloth
Polymers: CC -
78 cotton jassid
Entomology: Austroasca terraeginae -
79 cotton lace bug
Entomology: Corythucha gossypii -
80 cotton leaf miner
Entomology: Nepticula gossypii
См. также в других словарях:
Cotton — Cot ton (k[o^]t t n), n. [F. coton, Sp. algodon the cotton plant and its wool, coton printed cotton, cloth, fr. Ar. qutun, alqutun, cotton wool. Cf. {Acton}, {Hacqueton}.] 1. A soft, downy substance, resembling fine wool, consisting of the… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Cotton — ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Aimé Cotton (1869–1951), französischer Physiker Annie Cotton (* 1975), kanadische Sängerin und Schauspielerin Antony Cotton (* 1975), britischer Schauspieler Aylett R. Cotton (1826–1912), US amerikanischer … Deutsch Wikipedia
Cotton On — Group Type Privately owned Industry Fashion Founded Geelong, Australia Headquarters Geelong, Australia Key people Nigel Austin … Wikipedia
COTTON (A. A.) — COTTON AIMÉ AUGUSTE (1869 1951) Né à Bourg en Bresse, élève à l’École normale supérieure de 1890 à 1893, Aimé Auguste Cotton y enseigna de 1900 à 1922, après avoir été professeur à la faculté des sciences de Toulouse de 1895 à 1900. De 1920 à… … Encyclopédie Universelle
COTTON (J.) — COTTON JOHN (1584 1652) Le pasteur puritain qui allait devenir la plus grande figure de «la Plantation du Seigneur» en Nouvelle Angleterre est né en 1584. Le mouvement qui milite pour que l’Église d’Angleterre extirpe d’elle même les «reliques du … Encyclopédie Universelle
cotton — [kät′ n] n. [ME cotoun < OFr coton < (? via It cotone) Ar quṭun < ? Egypt] 1. the soft, white seed hairs filling the seedpods of various shrubby plants (genus Gossypium) of the mallow family, originally native to the tropics 2. a plant… … English World dictionary
cotton to — ˈcotton to [transitive] [present tense I/you/we/they cotton to he/she/it cottons to present participle cottoning to past tense cottoned to p … Useful english dictionary
COTTON — COTTON, plant mentioned under the name karpas (derived from the Sanskrit karpasa) in the Book of Esther (1:6) in the description of the magnificent ornamentation of Ahasuerus palace. In the Mishnah cotton is called ẓemer gefen ( vine wool ) as… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Cotton — Cotton, Robert Bruce * * * (as used in expressions) Cotton Belt Cotton Club Cotton, John Cotton, sir Robert Bruce King Cotton Mather, Cotton … Enciclopedia Universal
Cotton — Cot ton, v. i. 1. To rise with a regular nap, as cloth does. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] It cottons well; it can not choose but bear A pretty nap. Family of Love. [1913 Webster] 2. To go on prosperously; to succeed. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] New,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
cotton — ● cotton nom masculin (de W. Cotton, nom propre) Métier rectiligne qui tricote simultanément plusieurs panneaux avec augmentations et diminutions. Cotton (Aimé) (1869 1951) physicien français, spécialiste d électromagnétisme … Encyclopédie Universelle