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1 cooling system
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2 cooling
cooling [ˈku:lɪŋ][drink, swim, breeze] rafraîchissant* * *['kuːlɪŋ] 1.noun refroidissement m2.adjective [drink, swim] rafraîchissant; [agent] réfrigérant; [system, tower] de refroidissement -
3 cooling
cooling ['ku:lɪŋ]1 noun(in temperature) rafraîchissement m, refroidissement m; (in relationships) refroidissement m;∎ there had been a cooling in their relationship leurs relations s'étaient refroidies►► Technology cooling fan ventilateur m de refroidissement;Cars cooling fin ailette f de refroidissement;Technology cooling jacket chemise f d'eau;Technology cooling system système m de refroidissement;Technology cooling tower refroidisseur m; -
4 system
system ['sɪstəm](a) (organization, structure) système m;∎ the British educational system le système éducatif britannique;∎ the Social Security system le système des prestations sociales;∎ they live in a democratic/totalitarian system ils vivent dans un système démocratique/totalitaire∎ a new system of sorting mail un nouveau système pour trier le courrier∎ the muscular system le système musculaire(d) (orderliness) méthode f;∎ you need some system in the way you work vous devriez être plus systématique ou méthodique dans votre travail(e) (human body) organisme m;∎ bad for the system nuisible à l'organisme;∎ it's a bit of a shock to the system ça fait un choc;∎ figurative to get sth out of one's system se débarrasser de qch;∎ go on, get it out of your system! vas-y, défoule-toi!;∎ she can't get him out of her system elle n'arrive pas à l'oublier(f) (equipment, device, devices)∎ the electrical system needs to be replaced l'installation électrique a besoin d'être remplacée;∎ a fault in the cooling system un défaut dans le circuit de refroidissement∎ the rail/river/road system le réseau ferroviaire/fluvial/routier∎ the system le système;∎ they're hoping to overthrow the system ils espèrent renverser le système (en place);∎ familiar you can't beat or buck the system on ne peut rien contre le système□∎ the Precambrian system le système précambrien►► Computing systems analysis analyse f des systèmes;Computing systems analyst analyste-programmeur(euse) m,f;Computing systems board carte f système;Architecture system building préfabrication f;Computing system bus bus m système;Marketing systems buying achat m de système;Marketing systems contracting contrats mpl de système;Computing system crash panne f du système;system date date f système;Computing system disk disque f système;Computing systems engineer ingénieur m système;Computing systems engineering assistance f technico-commerciale;Computing system error erreur f système;Computing system failure panne f du système;Computing system file fichier m système;Computing system folder dossier m système;Computing systems management direction f systématisée;Computing systems operator sysop m, opérateur m système;system privilege privilège m d'accès au système;Computing system program programme m système;Computing system prompt invite f du système, message m d'attente du système;Computing system software logiciel m d'exploitation, logiciel m système -
5 закрытая система охлаждения
закрытая система охлаждения
Система охлаждения узла ГТД, в которой охладитель циркулирует по замкнутому контуру.
[ ГОСТ 23851-79]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
238. Закрытая система охлаждения
D. Geschlossene Kühlungsystem
Е. Closed cooling system
F. Système de refroidissement fermé
Система охлаждения узла ГТД, в которой охладитель циркулирует по замкнутому контуру
Источник: ГОСТ 23851-79: Двигатели газотурбинные авиационные. Термины и определения оригинал документа
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > закрытая система охлаждения
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6 открытая система охлаждения
открытая система охлаждения
Система охлаждения узла ГТД с непрерывным расходом охладителя в поток газа.
[ ГОСТ 23851-79]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
237. Открытая система охлаждения
D. Offenes Kühlungsystem
E. Open cooling system
F. Système de refroidissement ouvert
Система охлаждения узла ГТД с непрерывным расходом охладителя в поток газа
Источник: ГОСТ 23851-79: Двигатели газотурбинные авиационные. Термины и определения оригинал документа
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > открытая система охлаждения
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7 система комбинированного охлаждения
система комбинированного охлаждения
комбинированное охлаждение
Система охлаждения узла ГТД, в которой в качестве охладителя используется сжатый воздух и жидкость.
[ ГОСТ 23851-79]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
DE
FR
240. Система комбинированного охлаждения
Комбинированное охлаждение
D. Verbundkühlungsystem
Е. Combined cooling system
F. Système de refroidissement mixte
Система охлаждения узла ГТД, в которой в качестве охладителя используется сжатый воздух и жидкость
Источник: ГОСТ 23851-79: Двигатели газотурбинные авиационные. Термины и определения оригинал документа
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > система комбинированного охлаждения
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8 система охлаждения узла ГТД
система охлаждения узла ГТД
система охлаждения
Совокупность каналов, отверстий и экранов, предназначенных для охлаждения узлов и элементов двигателя.
[ ГОСТ 23851-79]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
DE
FR
236. Система охлаждения узла ГТД
Система охлаждения
D. Kühlsystem des Triebwerkselements
E. Cooling system of gas turbine engine component
F. Système de refroidissement de module du TM
Совокупность каналов, отверстий и экранов, предназначенных для охлаждения узлов и элементов двигателя
Источник: ГОСТ 23851-79: Двигатели газотурбинные авиационные. Термины и определения оригинал документа
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > система охлаждения узла ГТД
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9 meltdown
noun (the melting of the radioactive material in a nuclear reactor as a result of the failure of the cooling system.) -
10 reason
reason ['ri:zən]raison ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (b) maintenir ⇒ 2 (a) calculer ⇒ 2 (a) conclure ⇒ 2 (a) persuader ⇒ 2 (b) raisonner ⇒ 31 noun∎ what is the reason for his absence? quelle est la raison de son absence?;∎ there is a reason for his doing that il y a une raison pour qu'il fasse ça;∎ did he give a reason for being so late? a-t-il donné la raison d'un tel retard?;∎ what reason could they give for such inhuman acts? comment peuvent-ils justifier des actes d'une telle cruauté?;∎ I (can) see no reason for disagreeing or to disagree je ne vois pas pourquoi je ne serais pas d'accord;∎ all the more reason for trying again or to try again raison de plus pour réessayer;∎ to have reason enough (to do sth) avoir de bonnes raisons (de faire qch);∎ you have every reason or good reason to be angry vous avez de bonnes raisons d'être en colère;∎ that's no reason to get annoyed ce n'est pas une raison pour s'énerver;∎ we have/there is reason to believe he is lying nous avons de bonnes raisons de croire/il y a lieu de croire qu'il ment;∎ the reason (why) they refused la raison de leur refus, la raison pour laquelle ils ont refusé;∎ she wouldn't tell me the reason why elle ne voulait pas me dire pourquoi;∎ give me one good reason why I should believe you! donne-moi une bonne raison de te croire!;∎ I chose him for the simple reason I liked him je l'ai choisi pour la simple (et bonne) raison qu'il me plaisait;∎ reasons of state la raison d'État;∎ for reasons of health pour raisons de santé;∎ for reasons best known to herself pour des raisons qu'elle est seule à connaître;∎ for some reason (or other), for one reason or other pour une raison ou pour une autre;∎ for no other reason than that I forgot pour la simple raison que j'ai oublié;∎ for no particular reason sans raison particulière;∎ why do you ask? - oh, no particular reason pourquoi est-ce que tu me demandes ça? - oh, comme ça;∎ for no reason at all sans aucune raison;∎ but that's the only reason I came! mais c'est pour ça que je suis venue!;∎ they were upset, and with (good) reason ils étaient bouleversés, et pour cause;∎ to give sb good reason for doing sth donner de bonnes raisons à qn de faire qch;∎ give me one good reason why I should! donne-moi une raison valable pour que je le fasse!;∎ she's my reason for living elle est ma raison de vivre(b) (common sense, rationality) raison f;∎ he lost his reason il a perdu la raison;∎ he won't listen to reason il refuse d'entendre raison;∎ I can't make her listen to reason je n'arrive pas à lui faire entendre raison ou à la raisonner;∎ at last he saw reason il a fini par entendre raison;∎ your demands are beyond all reason vos exigences dépassent les limites du raisonnable;∎ it stands to reason (that…) il va de soi ou sans dire (que…+ indicative);∎ that stands to reason c'est logique, ça va de soi;∎ man has the power of reason l'homme est doué de raison∎ they reasoned that the fault must be in the cooling system ils en ont déduit que la défaillance devait provenir du système de refroidissement∎ I reasoned him out of the idea je l'ai persuadé ou convaincu d'abandonner son idée;∎ she reasoned me into/out of going elle m'a persuadé/dissuadé d'y allerraisonner;∎ to reason with sb raisonner qn;∎ I tried to reason with them j'ai essayé de les raisonner ou de leur faire entendre raison;∎ humorous ours is not to reason why il ne faut pas chercher à comprendreen raison de;∎ to be found not guilty by reason of insanity être déclaré non-coupable pour cause de démence∎ for reasons of space/national security pour des raisons de place/de sécurité nationaledans la limite du raisonnable;∎ you can do what you like, within reason vous pouvez faire ce que vous voulez, dans la limite du raisonnable(maths problem) résoudre; (one's differences) résoudre en discutant -
11 sealed
sealed [si:ld](document) scellé; (envelope) cacheté; (orders) scellé sous pli; (jar) fermé hermétiquement; (mineshaft) obturé, bouché; (joint) étanche►► Commerce sealed bid soumission f cachetée;Cars sealed cooling system circuit m de refroidissement pressurisé;Australian sealed road route f avec revêtement;Commerce sealed tender soumission f cachetée -
12 автономный кондиционер воздуха
автономный кондиционер воздуха
Кондиционер воздуха со встроенным источником холода.
Примечание. Автономные кондиционеры воздуха бывают с воздушным, водяным или испарительным охлаждением конденсатора.
[ ГОСТ 22270-76]
кондиционер автономный
Кондиционер воздуха со встроенным источником холода или тепла
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]EN
packaged air conditioner
self-contained unit
complete air-conditioning unit including refrigeration compressor, cooling coils, fans, filter, automatic controls, etc. assembled into one casing.
Compare packaged terminal air-conditioning system (ptac) under air-conditioning system.
[ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration]Параллельные тексты EN-RU
The refrigeration circuit is responsible for up to 40% of the annual energy consumption of a typical packaged air conditioning unit.
[Lennox]Более 40 % годового потребления электроэнергии в традиционных автономных кондиционерах воздуха приходится на холодильный контур.
[Перевод Интент]For a packaged air conditioner, 90% of the CO2 emissions are indirect emissions caused by the energy consumption.
[Lennox]У автономных кондиционеров 90 % выбросов CO2 являются непрямыми и обусловлены потреблением электроэнергии.
[Перевод Интент]
Тематики
Синонимы
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > автономный кондиционер воздуха
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13 длительный допустимый ток
- courant permanent admissible, m
- courant admissible, m
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
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14 water
* -
15 городская система теплоснабжения
городская система теплоснабжения
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
municipal heating network
System of heating all houses in a urban district from a central source (as from hot springs in Iceland or by cooling water from a power station). (Source: PHC)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > городская система теплоснабжения
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16 приток воды
приток воды
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
inflow
1) Water other than wastewater that enters a sewer system (including sewer service connections) from sources such as, but not limited to, roof leaders, cellars drains, yard drains, area drains, drains from springs and swampy areas, manhole covers, cross connections between storm sewers and sanitary sewers, catch basins, cooling towers, storm waters, surface runoff, street wash waters, or drainage. Inflow does not include, and is distinguished from, infiltration. 2) Action of flowing in; an inflow of effluent into a river. (Source: JJK / PHC)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > приток воды
См. также в других словарях:
cooling system — cooling .system n a system for keeping the temperature in a machine, engine etc low ▪ a fault in the power station s cooling system … Dictionary of contemporary English
cooling system — Apparatus used to keep the temperature of a structure or device from exceeding limits imposed by needs of safety and efficiency. In a mechanical transmission, the oil loses its lubricating capacity if overheated; in a hydraulic coupling or… … Universalium
cooling system — noun 1. equipment in a motor vehicle that cools the engine • Syn: ↑engine cooling system • Hypernyms: ↑equipment • Part Holonyms: ↑motor vehicle, ↑automotive vehicle • Part Mero … Useful english dictionary
cooling system — The system that removes heat from the engine. In a water cooled engine it includes radiator, pressure cap, fan, water pump, thermostat, water jackets; in an air cooled engine it consists of a fan, cooling fins, and ducting. Also see closed… … Dictionary of automotive terms
cooling system — noun (C) a system for keeping the temperature in a machine, engine etc low: a fault in the power station s cooling system … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
cooling system — aušinimo sistema statusas T sritis automatika atitikmenys: angl. cooling system vok. Kühlsystem, n rus. система охлаждения, f pranc. système de refroidissement, m … Automatikos terminų žodynas
cooling system — aušinimo sistema statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. cooling system vok. Kühlsystem, n rus. система охлаждения, f pranc. système de refroidissement, m … Fizikos terminų žodynas
cooling system — aušinimo sistema statusas T sritis Energetika apibrėžtis Šaldymo įrenginių visuma, naudojama šilumai atimti iš aušinamo objekto ir perduoti aplinkai. atitikmenys: angl. cooling system vok. Kühlsystem, n rus. система охлаждения, f pranc. système… … Aiškinamasis šiluminės ir branduolinės technikos terminų žodynas
cooling system — system for reducing the effects of heat … English contemporary dictionary
Cooling system — An equipment system that provides water to the condensers and includes water intakes and outlets; cooling towers; and ponds, pumps, and pipes. U.S. Dept. of Energy, Energy Information Administration s Energy Glossary … Energy terms
cooling system — The radiator with connecting hose and pipes through which water circulates for the purpose of preventing a motor vehicle engine from overheating; the system of pipes and ducts in a building whereby the structure is kept cool by the circulation of … Ballentine's law dictionary