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1 κατανάγκας
κατανάγκᾱς, κατανάγκηmeans of constraint: fem acc plκατανάγκᾱς, κατανάγκηmeans of constraint: fem gen sg (doric aeolic) -
2 κατανάγκη
κατανάγκηmeans of constraint: fem nom /voc sg (attic epic ionic)——————κατανάγκηmeans of constraint: fem dat sg (attic epic ionic) -
3 βιάζω
βιάζω (Hom.+) nearly always as a mid. dep. βιάζομαι; aor. mid. ἐβιασάμην, pass. 2 sg. ἐβιάσθης Sir 31:21. Apart fr. Dg. 7:4; 10:15 most of this entry concerns probabilities relating to β. in Mt 11:12 and par. Lk 16:16. The principal semantic problem is whether β. is used negatively (‘in malam partem’) or positively (‘in bonam partem’), a problem compounded by the question of the function of these vss. in their literary context. In Gk. lit. β. is most often used in the unfavorable sense of attack or forcible constraint (s. L-S-J-M).① to inflict violence on, dominate, constrain w. acc. (Herodas 2, 71; Menand., Dyscolus 253 [opp. πείθειν use of persuasion]; 371; Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 35 §139; PAmh 35, 17 [213 B.C.] βιασάμενος αὐτούς; PGiss 19, 13; LGötzeler, Quaestiones in Appiani et Polybii dicendi genus 1890, 63; Esth 7:8 [rape]; En 103:14; 104:3) mistreat the poor people β. τοὺς ὑποδεεστέρους Dg 10:5.—With β. taken as pass., Mt 11:12 ἡ βασιλεία τ. οὐρανῶν βιάζεται is frequently understood in the unfavorable sense the reign/kingdom of heaven is violently treated, is oppressed (so the pass. e.g. Thu. 1, 77, 4; POxy 294, 16 [22 A.D.]; Sir 31:21. On the topic of violence to the divine, cp. Paus. 2, 1, 5 τὰ θεῖα βιάσασθαι=(it is difficult for a mere human) to coerce things in the realm of the divine.—GSchrenk, TW I 608ff; NRSV ‘has suffered violence’; its mng., w. β. understood as mid.: ‘has been coming violently’, s. 2 end); var. ways by which the violence is suffered have been suggested—(a) through hindrances raised against it (βιάζομαι=be hindered, be obstructed: cp. the use of the mid. in this sense: Synes., Provid. 1, 1, 89c of the evil man’s power, which strives εἴ πῃ τὸν θεῖον νόμον βιάσαιτο=[to see] whether it could perhaps ‘hinder’ the divine law; Jos., Ant. 1, 261). For the pass. in this sense, s. the versions: It., Vulg., Syr. Sin. and Cur. S. also Dalman, Worte 113–16; MDibelius, Joh. d. T. 1911, 26ff: hostile spirits.—(b) through the efforts of unauthorized pers. to compel its coming (s. HScholander, ZNW 13, 1912, 172–75)—(c) through attempts to occupy (an area) by force (a territory, Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 24 §91).② to gain an objective by force, use force, intr. (X., Mem. 3, 9, 10; Diod S 4, 12, 5 οἱ βιαζόμενοι=the ones who use force, the intruders; Plut., Mor. 203c; Epict. 4, 8, 40; Lucian, Necyom. 20, Hermot. 22; SIG 1042, 8 [Dssm., NB 85f (BS 258)]; 888, 24; 1243, 4f; PTebt 6, 31; PFlor 382, 54; Dt 22:25, 28; Philo, Mos. 1, 215; Jos., Bell. 3, 493; 518) of compulsion οὐ βιαζόμενος without using force (opp. πείθειν) Dg 7:4.—Of forcing one’s way (Demosth. 55, 17; Appian, Hann. 24 §106) w. εἴς τι enter forcibly into someth. (Thu. 1, 63, 1; 7, 69, 4; Polyb. 1, 74, 5; Plut., Otho 1072 [12, 10]; Philo, Mos. 1, 108 of a gnat forcing its way into bodily orifices εἰς τἀντὸς βιάζεται; Jos., Bell. 3, 423) ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ εὐαγγελίζεται καὶ πᾶς εἰς αὐτὴν βιάζεται the reign of God is being proclaimed and everyone takes (or tries to take [cp. Polemo Soph. B 11 Reader, s. p. 266f]) it by force Lk 16:16 (hyperbolic usage; on the question whether this is a perspective attributed to Jesus or to his opposition concerning moral miscalculation, s. FDanker, JBL 77, ’58, 234–36).— Makes its way w. triumphant force is preferred for Mt 11:12 by FBaur; TZahn; AHarnack, SBBerlAk 1907, 947–57; WBrandt, ZNW 11, 1910, 247f; ROtto, Reich Gottes u. Menschensohn ’34, 84–88; cp. NRSV mg. ‘has been coming violently’.—EGraesser, D. Problem der Parusieverzögerung, ZNW Beih. 22, ’57, 180ff; OBetz, Jesu heiliger Krieg, NovT 2, ’57, 116–37.③ go after someth. w. enthusiasm, seek fervently, try hard, the sense is sought w. burning zeal is preferred by HHoltzmann; FDibelius, StKr 86, 1913, 285–88; et al. for Mt 11:12. A variation of this interpretation is the sense try hard, but the support sought in Epict. 4, 7, 20f is questionable, for this latter pass. rather refers to attempts at forced entry when one is not welcome.④ constrain (warmly) if βιάζεται Lk 16:16 is to be understood as a passive, as POxy 294, 16 (22 A.D.), or in the same sense as the mid. in Gen 33:11; Judg 13:15, the sense would be invite urgently of the ‘genteel constraint imposed on a reluctant guest’ (so vHoffmann et al.; s. FDibelius [s. 3 above]; cp. the sense of Lk 14:23 ἀνάγκασον εἰσελθεῖν ‘compel them to come in’).—On usage at Qumran s. BThiering, NovT 21, ’79, 293–97.—DELG s.v. βία. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
4 αναγκαί'
ἀναγκαῖαι, ἀνάγκηforce: fem nom /voc pl (epic ionic)ἀναγκαῖα, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut nom /voc /acc plἀναγκαῖα, ἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc plἀναγκαῖα, ἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc plἀναγκαῖε, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc voc sgἀναγκαῖε, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem voc sgἀναγκαῖαι, ἀναγκαῖοςof: fem nom /voc pl -
5 ἀναγκαῖ'
ἀναγκαῖαι, ἀνάγκηforce: fem nom /voc pl (epic ionic)ἀναγκαῖα, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut nom /voc /acc plἀναγκαῖα, ἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc plἀναγκαῖα, ἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc plἀναγκαῖε, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc voc sgἀναγκαῖε, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem voc sgἀναγκαῖαι, ἀναγκαῖοςof: fem nom /voc pl -
6 αναγκαία
ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut nom /voc /acc plἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc plἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc pl -
7 ἀναγκαῖα
ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut nom /voc /acc plἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc plἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc pl -
8 αναγκαίον
ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut nom /voc /acc sgἀναγκαῖοςof: masc acc sgἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc sgἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem acc sgἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
9 ἀναγκαῖον
ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut nom /voc /acc sgἀναγκαῖοςof: masc acc sgἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc sgἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem acc sgἀναγκαῖοςof: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
10 αναγκαίοιν
ἀναγκαί̱οιν, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut gen /dat dualἀναγκαί̱οιν, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /neut gen /dat dualἀναγκαί̱οιν, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem /neut gen /dat dual -
11 ἀναγκαίοιν
ἀναγκαί̱οιν, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut gen /dat dualἀναγκαί̱οιν, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /neut gen /dat dualἀναγκαί̱οιν, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem /neut gen /dat dual -
12 αναγκαίοιο
ἀναγκαί̱οιο, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut gen sg (epic)ἀναγκαί̱οιο, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /neut gen sg (epic)ἀναγκαί̱οιο, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem /neut gen sg (epic) -
13 ἀναγκαίοιο
ἀναγκαί̱οιο, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut gen sg (epic)ἀναγκαί̱οιο, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /neut gen sg (epic)ἀναγκαί̱οιο, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem /neut gen sg (epic) -
14 αναγκαίοις
ἀναγκαί̱οις, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut dat plἀναγκαί̱οις, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /neut dat plἀναγκαί̱οις, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem /neut dat pl -
15 ἀναγκαίοις
ἀναγκαί̱οις, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut dat plἀναγκαί̱οις, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /neut dat plἀναγκαί̱οις, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem /neut dat pl -
16 αναγκαίοισι
ἀναγκαί̱οισι, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)ἀναγκαί̱οισι, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)ἀναγκαί̱οισι, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic) -
17 ἀναγκαίοισι
ἀναγκαί̱οισι, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)ἀναγκαί̱οισι, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)ἀναγκαί̱οισι, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic) -
18 αναγκαίοισιν
ἀναγκαί̱οισιν, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)ἀναγκαί̱οισιν, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)ἀναγκαί̱οισιν, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic) -
19 ἀναγκαίοισιν
ἀναγκαί̱οισιν, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)ἀναγκαί̱οισιν, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)ἀναγκαί̱οισιν, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic) -
20 αναγκαίου
ἀναγκαί̱ου, ἀναγκαῖονplace of constraint: neut gen sgἀναγκαί̱ου, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /neut gen sgἀναγκαί̱ου, ἀναγκαῖοςof: masc /fem /neut gen sg
См. также в других словарях:
Constraint — is an element factor or a subsystem that works as a bottleneck. It restricts an entity, project, or system (such as a manufacturing or decision making process) from achieving its potential (or higher level of output) with reference to its goal.… … Wikipedia
Constraint — Con*straint , n. [OF. constrainte, F. constrainte.] The act of constraining, or the state of being constrained; that which compels to, or restrains from, action; compulsion; restraint; necessity. [1913 Webster] Long imprisonment and hard… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
constraint — UK US /kənˈstreɪnt/ noun [C] ► something that controls what you can do by keeping you within particular limits: »The constraint of distribution costs remains the severest of all. budget/financial, etc. constraints »This growth in revenue may… … Financial and business terms
constraint — [n1] force a must*, coercion, compulsion, driving, duress, goad, hang up*, impelling, impulsion, monkey*, motive, necessity, no no*, pressure, repression, restraint, spring, spur, suppression, violence; concepts 14,121 constraint [n2] shyness… … New thesaurus
constraint — late 14c., distress, oppression, from O.Fr. constreinte binding, constraint, compulsion (Mod.Fr. contrainte), fem. noun from constreint, pp. of constreindre, from V.L. *constrinctus, from L. constrictus (see CONSTRAIN (Cf. constrain)). Meaning… … Etymology dictionary
Constraint — Constraint. См. Реакция связи. (Источник: «Металлы и сплавы. Справочник.» Под редакцией Ю.П. Солнцева; НПО Профессионал , НПО Мир и семья ; Санкт Петербург, 2003 г.) … Словарь металлургических терминов
constraint — I (imprisonment) noun act of keeping in, apprehension, arrest, bondage, bonds, bounds, captivity, care, charge, commitment, confinement, containment, control, custodianship, custody, detainment, detention, encincture, enclosure, enthrallment,… … Law dictionary
constraint — compulsion, coercion, duress, restraint, *force, violence Analogous words: suppression, repression (see corresponding verbs at SUPPRESS): impelling or impulsion, driving or drive (see corresponding verbs at MOVE): goad, spur, *motive, spring:… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
constraint — ► NOUN 1) a limitation or restriction. 2) stiffness of manner and inhibition … English terms dictionary
constraint — [kən strānt′] n. [ME constreinte < OFr: see CONSTRAIN] 1. a constraining or being constrained; specif., a) confinement or restriction b) compulsion or coercion 2. a) repression of natural feelings or behavior … English World dictionary
Constraint — Mit Constraints (deutsch „Zwangsbedingungen“) werden in diversen Programmiersprachen Bedingungen definiert, die zwingend vom Wert einer Variablen erfüllt werden müssen, damit der Wert ins System übernommen werden kann. In Datenbanksystemen finden … Deutsch Wikipedia
