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1 атмосферный озон
атмосферный озон
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
atmospheric ozone
A triatomic molecule of oxygen; a natural constituent of the atmosphere, with the highest concentrations in the ozone layer or stratosphere; it is found at a level between 15 and 30 km above the Earth, which prevents harmful ultraviolet B radiation, which causes skin cancer and threatens plant life, from reaching the ground. The fragile shield is being damaged by chemicals released on Earth. The main chemicals that are depleting stratospheric ozone are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are used in refrigerators, aerosols and as cleaners in many industries and halons, which are used in fire extinguishers. The damage is caused when these chemicals release highly reactive forms of chlorine and bromine. (Source: GILP96 / WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > атмосферный озон
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2 биологическая утилизация отходов
биологическая утилизация отходов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
biological waste treatment
A generic term applied to processes that use microorganisms to decompose organic wastes either into water, carbon dioxide, and simple inorganic substances, such as aldehydes and acids. The purpose of biological waste treatment is to control either the environment for microorganisms so that their growth and activity are enhanced, and to provide a means for maintaining high concentrations of the microorganisms in contact with the wastes.
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биологическая утилизация отходов
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3 вещество, загрязняющее воздух
вещество, загрязняющее воздух
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
air pollutant
Any pollutant agent or combination of such agents, including any physical, chemical, biological, radioactive substance or matter which is emitted into or otherwise enters the ambient air and can, in high enough concentrations, harm humans, animals, vegetation or material. (Source: LEE / TOE)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > вещество, загрязняющее воздух
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4 воздействие сельскохозяйственной деятельности на окружающую среду
воздействие сельскохозяйственной деятельности на окружающую среду
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
environmental impact of agriculture
Agricultural activities have significant impacts on water quality, including increases in stream sedimentation from erosion, and increases in nutrients, pesticides, and salt concentrations in runoff. In certain regions, the misuse of pesticides has led to the development of pesticide-resistant strains of pests, destroyed natural predators, killed local wildlife, and contaminated human water supplies. Improper application of fertilizers has changed the types of vegetation and fish types inhabiting nearby waterways and rivers. (Source: RAU / WPR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воздействие сельскохозяйственной деятельности на окружающую среду
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5 городская среда
городская среда
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
urban habitat
The resulting effects and interrelationships of human population concentrations, the built environment, and the biophysical environment. (Source: UNUN)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > городская среда
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6 диоксин
диоксин
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
dioxin
A by-product formed during the preparation of the herbicide 2, 4, 5-T, and sometimes produced by the incineration of chlorinated organic compounds. It may also occur naturally and is distributed widely in the environment, except locally in extremely low concentrations. Substantial amounts were released by the industrial accident of Seveso in 1976. (Source: ALL)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > диоксин
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7 допустимый уровень воздействия (ПДК)
допустимый уровень воздействия (ПДК)
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
permissible exposure limit
An exposure limit that is set for exposure to an hazardous substance or harmful agent and enforced by OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Act) as a legal standard. It is based on time-weighted average concentrations for a normal 8-hour work day and 40 hour work week. (Source: CONFER)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > допустимый уровень воздействия (ПДК)
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8 загрязненный участок
загрязненный участок
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
polluted site
Any place that has been made unclean or unsafe by the discharge of high concentrations of hazardous or detrimental substances into its water, soil or atmosphere. (Source: DOE)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > загрязненный участок
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9 контроль за качеством воздуха
контроль за качеством воздуха
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
air quality control
The measurement of ambient air-pollution concentrations in order to determine whether there is a problem in a given region. (Source: CONFERa)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > контроль за качеством воздуха
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10 накопление загрязняющих веществ
накопление загрязняющих веществ
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
pollutant accumulation
The process by which concentrations of pollutants progressively increase in the tissues of living organisms in environments where these pollutants are present. (Source: FFD)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > накопление загрязняющих веществ
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11 производство чугуна и стали
производство чугуна и стали
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
iron and steel industry
Sector of the metallurgical industry dealing with the production of cast iron, steel and iron alloys. Emissions from these industries tend to settle quickly from the atmosphere and can lead to rising concentrations in the soil. The main raw material input to the production process is iron ore. Also recycled scrap is used. (Source: FLGISA / DOBRIS)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > производство чугуна и стали
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12 разрушение озонового слоя
разрушение озонового слоя
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
ozone layer depletion
The fragile shield of ozone is been damaged by chemicals released on earth. The main chemicals that are depleting stratospheric ozone are chlorofluorocarbons which are used in refrigerators, aerosols, and as cleaners in many industries, and halons, which are used in fire extinguishers. The damage is caused when these chemicals release highly reactive forms of chlorine and bromine. Over the past 30 years ozone levels over parts of Antarctica have dropped by almost 40% during some months and a "hole" in ozone concentrations is clearly visible in satellite observations. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > разрушение озонового слоя
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13 техническая соль
техническая соль
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
road salt
Salt used against the formation of ice on roads; when excess salt washes off the roads, it can poison roadside vegetation or raise salt concentrations in streams and reserves of underground water. It also accelerates the deterioration of concrete and metal. (Source: WPR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > техническая соль
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14 усиление выпадения осадков (метеорол.)
усиление выпадения осадков (метеорол.)
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
precipitation enhancement
Increase of precipitation resulting from changes in the colloidal stability of clouds. This can be either intentional, as with cloud seeding, or unintentional, as with air pollution, which increases aerosol concentrations and reduces sunlight. (Source: PARCOR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > усиление выпадения осадков (метеорол.)
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15 хлорофенол
хлорофенол
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
chlorophenol
Major group of chlorinated hydrocarbons, pesticides and biocides which account for a very high percentage of the non-agricultural pesticide use, such as anti-rotting agents in non-woollen textiles and wood preservatives. The chlorophenols act as biocides by inhibiting the respiration and energy-conversion processes of the microorganisms. They are toxic to man above 40 parts per million, to fish above 1 ppm, whilst concentrations as low as one part per thousand million can taint water. (Source: PORT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > хлорофенол
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16 чрезмерный выпас
чрезмерный выпас
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
overgrazing
Intensive grazing by animals, for example cattle, sheep or goats, on an area of pasture. It has become a serious threat to the world's rangelands and grasslands. Several factors have led to overgrazing, which leads to the soil being degraded and becoming liable to erosion by wind and rain, and even to desertification. The main pressures leading to widespread overgrazing have been the need to increase the size and numbers of herds to produce more food for an increasing human population, and the transformation of traditional pasture land into plantations to grow cash crops. Throughout the dry tropics, where traditionally herds ranged over vast areas, intensive livestock-rearing schemes have taken over, mostly to provide meat for the export market. Well-digging operations have also led to heavy concentrations of animals in small areas. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > чрезмерный выпас
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