commoveo

to move violently, disturb, shake / excite, upset.

com-mŏvĕo ( conm-), mōvi, mōtum, 2 (contr. forms:

commōrunt,

Lucr. 2, 766; commōrat, Turp. ap. Non. p. 278, 2; Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 51; commōrit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 1; Hor. S. 2, 1, 45;

commossem,

Cic. Planc. 37, 90;

commosset,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 45;

commosse,

id. ib. 2, 5, 37, § 96; id. Fam. 7, 18, 3), v. a., to put something in violent motion, to move; both of removing from a place and backwards and forwards in a place; to shake, stir (freq. in every period and species of composition).

Lit.

To remove from a place, to carry away, displace, to start, set in motion, move:

neque miser me commovere possum prae formidine,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 181; id. Truc. 4, 3, 44:

facilius est currentem incitare quam commovere languentem,

Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 186:

columnas,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 55, § 145:

castra ex eo loco,

to move forward, decamp, id. ib. 2, 5, 37, § 96; cf.

aciem,

to set the line in motion, Liv. 2, 65, 5; 9, 27, 10:

se ex eo loco,

Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42:

se domo,

id. Fam. 9, 5, 2:

me Thessalonicā,

id. Att. 3, 13, 1:

te istinc,

id. Fam. 6, 20, 3: agmen loco. to force back, cause to retreat, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 58, 20; so,

hostem,

Liv. 9, 40, 9; 10, 29, 9:

cervum,

Verg. A. 7, 494:

molem,

Val. Fl. 2, 33:

nummum,

i. e. to use in business, Cic. Font. 5, 11 (1, 1); id. Fl. 19, 44:

ais, si una littera commota sit, fore tota ut labet disciplina. Utrum igitur tibi litteram videor an totas paginas commovere?

id. Fin. 4, 19, 53.—Sacra, t. t., to move or carry about the sacred utensils, images, etc., for religious use, Verg. A. 4, 301 Serv.; cf. Cato, R. R. 134, 4:

ancilia,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 3:

tripodes,

Sen. Med. 786.—Hence, humorously: mea si commovi sacra, if I put my instruments (artifices, tricks, etc.) in motion, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 107. —Prov.:

glaebam commosset in agro decumano Siciliae nemo,

would have stirred a clod, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 45.—

To set in motion in a place, to move hither and thither, to shake, agitate, disturb.

Of things:

magni commorunt aequora venti,

Lucr. 2, 766:

alas,

Verg. A. 5, 217; cf.:

penna commota volucris,

Sil. 6, 59; Sen. Agam. 633. —

Of persons, with se:

quis sese commovere potest, cujus ille (sc. Roscius) vitia non videat?

can stir, Cic. de Or. 2, 57, 233:

num infitiari potes te... meā diligentiā circumclusum commovere te contra rem publicam non potuisse,

id. Cat. 1, 3, 7; Nep. Ages. 6, 3; Liv. 2, 54, 6; cf.:

Lanuvii hastam se commovisse,

id. 21, 62, 4.—

Trop.

(Acc. to I. A.) To move, drive back, distodge, refute, confute:

nunc comminus agamus experiamurque, si possimus cornua commovere disputationis tuae,

Cic. Div. 2, 10, 26:

si convellere adoriamur ea, quae commoveri non possunt,

id. de Or. 2, 51, 205.—

(Acc. to I. B.) To throw into disorder, physical or mental; to unbalance, unsettle, shake, disturb (rare but class.):

adflantur alii sidere, alii commoventur statis temporibus alvo, nervis, capite, mente,

Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 108:

perleviter commotus fuerat... (postea) eum vidi plane integrum,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 2: Bacchi sacris commota, Poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 36, 80:

commotus habebitur, i. e. mente captus,

frantic, crazed, Hor. S. 2, 3, 209; cf.:

commota mens,

id. ib. 2, 3, 278; Plin. 36, 21, 40, § 152; and:

commotus mente,

id. 23, 1, 16, § 23.—

To move in mind or feeling, to make an impression upon, to excite, rouse, shake, disquiet, disturb, affect, etc.

With abl.: commorat hominem lacrimis, Turp. ap. Non. p. 278, 2:

aliquem nimiā longinquitate locorum ac desiderio suorum,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23:

aut libidine aliquā aut metu,

id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. Font. 16, 36 (12, 26):

ludis,

id. Mur. 19, 40:

quis enim, cum sibi fingit aliquid et cogitatione depingit, non simul ac se ipse commovit atque ad se revocavit, sentit, etc.,

aroused, id. Ac. 2, 16, 51:

et amore fraterno et existimatione vulgi,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20:

adfectibus,

Quint. 9, 4, 4:

doctā voce,

id. 2, 16, 9:

cujus atrocitate,

id. 6, 1, 32:

vix sum apud me, ita animus commotu'st metu, Spe, gaudio,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 34; Quint. 1, 2, 30:

commota vehementi metu mens,

Lucr. 3, 153. —

Absol.:

commorat omnes nos,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 51:

cum aliqua species utilitatis objecta est, commoveri necesse est,

one must be affected by it, it must make an impression on one, Cic. Off. 3, 8, 35:

nihil me clamor iste commovet,

id. Rab. Perd. 6, 18:

si quos adversum proelium et fuga Gallorum commoveret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

in commovendis judiciis,

Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 189; cf.:

commotus ab oratore judex,

Quint. 6, 2, 7:

qui me commorit, flebit,

provoke, rouse, Hor. S. 2, 1, 45:

Neptunus graviter commotus,

Verg. A. 1, 126:

domo ejus omnia abstulit quae paulo magis animum cujuspiam aut oculos possent commovere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83; Quint. 12, 10, 50: dormiunt;

pol ego istos commovebo,

awake, arouse, Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 8:

porticus haec ipsa et palaestra Graecarum disputationum memoriam quodammodo commovent,

stir up, awaken, revive, Cic. de Or. 2, 5, 20.—Of things:

aes alienum,

to demand, Tac. A. 6, 17:

commotā principis domo,

id. ib. 4, 52 init.:

si umquam vitae cupiditas in me fuisset, ego... omnium parricidarum tela commossem?

provoked, Cic. Planc. 37, 90. —

With in and abl.:

qui cum ingeniis conflictatur ejus modi, Neque commovetur animus in eā re tamen,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 67:

vidi enim vos in hoc nomine, cum testis diceret, commoveri,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 125:

in hac virgine commotus sum,

i. e. in love, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 19.—

With ex and abl.:

nam cum esset ex aere alieno commota civitas,

Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58; Auct. B. Afr. 57, 72.—

With ad and acc.:

nec sane satis commoveor animo ad ea. quae vis canenda,

Cic. ad Q. Fr. 3, 5, 4:

homines ad turpe compendium,

Auct. Her. 4, 40, 52.—

With ut and subj.:

adeone me ignavom putas, ut neque me consuetudo neque amor Commoveat neque commoneat, ut servem fidem?

Ter. And. 1, 5, 45:

tua nos voluntas commovit, ut conscriberemus, etc.,

Auct. Her. 1, 1, 1.—

Of the passions, etc., to rouse, stir up, excite, produce, generate: belli magnos commovit funditus aestus, moved the waves of strife from their foundations, Lucr. 5, 1434; cf.:

commovere tumultum aut bellum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 20:

misericordiam, invidiam, iracundiam,

id. de Or. 2, 47, 195; cf.:

commovere miserationem,

Quint. 6, 1, 46; 10, 1, 64:

magnum et acerbum dolorem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 21, § 47:

invidiam aliquam in me,

id. Phil. 3, 7, 18:

summum odium in eum,

id. Inv. 1, 54, 103:

bilem,

id. Att. 2, 7, 2:

multorum scribendi studia,

id. N. D. 1, 4, 8:

adfectus,

Quint. 4, prooem. § 6; 5, 8, 3; cf.:

adfectus vehementer commotos (opp. lenes),

id. 6, 2, 9.—

In discourse:

nova quaedam,

to start new doctrines, adduce novelties, Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 18.— Hence, commōtus, a, um, P. a., moved, excited, aroused:

genus (dicendi) in agendo,

Cic. de Or. 3, 9, 32; cf.:

Fimbria paulo fervidior atque commotior,

id. Brut. 34, 129:

incidere in rem commotam (i. e. amorem),

Sen. Ep. 116, 5:

animus commotior,

Cic. Div. 1, 37, 80:

commotius ad omnia turbanda consilium,

Liv. 6, 14, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.:

Drusus animo commotior,

more violent, passionate, Tac. A. 4, 3; cf.:

commotus ingenio,

id. ib. 6, 45; and:

Agrippina paulo commotior,

id. ib. 1, 33:

commoto similis,

to one provoked, enraged, Suet. Aug. 51; cf. id. Tib. 51.— Sup. and adv. apparently not in use.

commōtĭo, ōnis, f. [commoveo], a moving, motion.

Lit. (only post-class.):

vasorum,

Pall. Oct. 14, 5:

ventris,

Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 13; 2, 9:

capitis,

id. Tard. 1, 1, 41; Vulg. Psa. 43, 15.—

Trop., a rousing, exciting, agitation, commotion (cf. commoveo, II. B.) (class.): commotionem accipi volunt temporarium animi motum, sicut iram, pavorem, * Quint. 5, 10, 28:

commotio suavis jucunditatis in corpore,

Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 13:

animi,

id. Tusc. 3, 4, 8.—In plur.:

animorum,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 61;

and without animi, of the emotions or passions: temperantia moderatrix omnium commotionum,

id. ib. 5, 14, 42; Lact. 6, 15, 9; 7, 10, 2.

commōtus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from commoveo.

commōtus, ūs, m. [commoveo], a moving, agitation, Varr. L. L. 5, § 71 Müll.; Cael. Aur. Tard. 5, 10, 95; v. commotiae.

* * *

* * *

cĭĕo, cīvi, cĭtum, 2 (from the primitive form cĭo, cīre, prevailing in the compounds accio, excio, etc. (cf. Prisc. pp. 865, 905, and 908 P.), are also found: pres. cio, Mart. 4, 90, 4:

cit,

Verg. Cul. 201; Col. 6, 5, 1 Schneid.:

cimus,

Lucr. 1, 213; 5, 211:

ciunt,

Lact. Ep. 4 dub.:

ciant,

App. Flor. 2, n. 17, p. 358; Mart. Cap. 1, § 91: ciuntur, id. de Mundo, 22, p. 67), v. a. [kindr. with kiô, to go; and by the addition of the causative signif. like kineô, causative from kiô; v. 1. ci.].

Lit., to put in motion; hence, to move, stir, shake (syn.: moveo, commoveo, concito, excito al.;

class. in prose and poetry): calcem,

to make a move in the game of chess, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 86:

natura omnia ciens et agitans,

Cic. N. D. 3, 11, 27: inanimum est omne, quod pulsu agitatur externo;

quod autem est animal, id motu cietur interiore et suo,

id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54 (for which, in the same chapter, several times movere; cf. also id. N. D. 2, 9, 23):

remos,

Stat. Th. 6, 801:

imo Nereus ciet aequora fundo,

stirs up, Verg. A. 2, 419:

puppes sinistrorsum citae,

Hor. Epod. 9, 20.—

In judic. lang. t. t.:

ciere erctum (lit. to put in motion, i. e.),

to divide the inheritance, Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 237; cf. erctum.—

Trop., to put in motion, to rouse up, disturb: natura maris per se immobilis est, et venti et aurae cient, Liv. 28, 27, 11:

saltum canibus ciere,

Lucr. 5, 1250: fontes et stagna, Cic. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 9, 15:

tonitru caelum omne ciebo,

Verg. A. 4, 122:

loca sonitu cientur,

Lucr. 4, 608; cf.:

reboat raucum regio cita barbara bombum,

id. 4, 544 Lachm. N. cr. —

With reference to the terminus ad quem, to move, excite, or call to ( poet. or in Aug. and post-Aug. prose for the common accire):

ad sese aliquem,

Cat. 68, 88:

ad arma,

Liv. 5, 47, 4; Sil. 7, 43:

in pugnam,

id. 4, 272:

armatos ad pugnam,

Vell. 2, 6, 6:

aere ciere viros,

Verg. A. 6, 165:

quos e proximis coloniis ejus rei fama civerat,

Tac. A. 15, 33:

aliquem in aliquem,

id. H. 1, 84, 5:

ab ultimis subsidiis cietur miles (sc. in primam aciem),

Liv. 9, 39, 8:

ille cieri Narcissum postulat,

Tac. A. 11, 30.—

To call upon for help, to invoke; of invoking superior beings:

nocturnos manes,

Verg. A. 4, 490:

luctificam Alecto dirarum ab sede sororum,

id. ib. 7, 325:

vipereasque ciet Stygiā de valle sorores (i. e. Furias),

Ov. M. 6, 662:

numina nota ciens,

Val. Fl. 4, 549:

foedera et deos,

Liv. 22, 14, 7.—

In gen., to call upon any one by name, to mention by name:

erum,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 11:

comites magnā voce,

Lucr. 4, 578:

animamque sepulcro Condimus et magnā supremum voce ciemus,

Verg. A. 3, 68:

lamentatione flebili majores suos ciens ipsumque Pompeium,

Tac. A. 3, 23:

singulos nomine,

id. ib. 2, 81; so Suet. Ner. 46: triumphum nomine ciere, i. e. to call Io triumphe! Liv. 45, 38, 12.—Hence,

In a civil sense: patrem, to name one ' s father, i. e. show one ' s free birth, Liv. 10, 8, 10.—

To put any course of action in progress or any passion in motion, i. e. to excite, stimulate, rouse, to produce, effect, cause, occasion, begin (very freq., esp. in poetry):

solis uti varios cursus lunaeque meatus Noscere possemus quae vis et causa cierent,

Lucr. 5, 773:

motus,

id. 3, 379; Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20:

varias voces,

Lucr. 5, 1059:

lamenta virum commoliri atque ciere,

id. 6, 242 Lachm. N. cr.:

tinnitus aere,

Cat. 64, 262; Verg. G. 4, 64 (cie tinnitus):

singultus ore,

Cat. 64, 131:

gemitus,

Verg. G. 3, 517:

fletus,

id. A. 3, 344:

lacrimas,

id. ib. 6, 468:

mugitus,

id. ib. 12, 103:

murmur,

id. G. 1, 110; Liv. 9, 7, 3:

bellum,

id. 5, 37, 2; Vell. 2, 54; Tac. H. 3, 41 fin.; Verg. A. 1, 541:

belli simulacra,

id. ib. 5, 674:

seditiones,

Liv. 4, 52, 2:

tumultum,

id. 28, 17, 16; 41, 24, 18:

vires intimas molemque belli,

Tac. A. 15, 2 fin.; cf. id. H. 3, 1:

pugnam,

Liv. 1, 12, 2; 2, 47, 1; 9, 22, 7; Tac. A. 3, 41:

proelium,

Liv. 2, 19, 10; 4, 33, 3; 7, 33, 12;

10, 28, 8: Martem,

Verg. A. 9, 766:

acies, stragem,

id. ib. 6, 829; cf. Liv. 22, 39, 7:

rixam,

Vell. 1, 2 al. —

In medic.:

alvum,

to cause evacuation, Plin. 20, 9, 38, § 96:

urinam,

id. 27, 7, 28, § 48:

menses,

to cause menstruation, id. 26, 15, 90, § 151 sq. al.—Hence, cĭtus, a, um, P. a., lit. put in motion; hence, quick, swift, rapid (opp. tardus, Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216; Sall. C. 15, 5; class.; esp. freq. in poetry;

rare in Cic.): ad scribendum citus,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 86:

quod jubeat citis quadrigis citius properet persequi,

id. Aul. 4, 1, 14; Verg. A. 8, 642:

bigae,

Cat. 55, 26:

puppis,

id. 64, 6; Tib. 4, 1, 69:

classis,

Hor. C. 1, 37, 24:

navis,

Ov. M. 15, 732; Tac. A. 2, 6:

axis,

Ov. M. 2, 75:

fugae,

id. ib. 1, 543:

plantae,

id. ib. 10, 591:

incessus,

Sall. C. 15, 5:

via,

Liv. 33, 48, 1:

venator,

Hor. C. 1, 37, 18:

cum militibus,

Tac. A. 11, 1:

legionibus,

id. ib. 14, 26:

agmine,

id. ib. 1, 63;

4, 25: cohortes,

id. ib. 12, 31:

mors,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 29; id. S. 1, 1, 8:

pes, i. e. iambus,

id. A. P. 252.— Comp.: nullam ego rem citiorem apud homines esse quam famam reor, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Fest. p. 61 Müll.; Val. Max. 3, 8, ext. 1.— Sup., Quint. 6, 4, 14 dub.; v. Spald. and Zumpt in h. l.—

In the poets very freq. (also a few times in Tac.) instead of the adv. cito:

citi ad aedis venimus Circae, Liv. And. ap. Fest. s. v. topper, p. 352, 6 Müll.: equites parent citi,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 88; id. Stich. 2, 2, 70; Lucr. 1, 386:

somnus fugiens citus abiit,

Cat. 63, 42: solvite vela citi, Verg, A. 4, 574; cf. id. ib. 9, 37; 12, 425; Hor. S. 1, 10, 92; cf. id. C. 3, 7, 27:

ite citi,

Ov. M. 3, 562; Tac. H. 2, 40:

si citi advenissent,

id. A. 12, 12.—Hence,

cĭto, adv.

Quickly, speedily, soon (freq. in prose and poetry of all periods):

quam tarda es! non vis citius progredi?

Phaedr. 3, 6, 2; [p. 331] Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 44:

eloquere,

id. Cist. 4, 2, 83:

abi cito et suspende te,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 20; 3, 1, 16:

labascit victus uno verbo: quam cito!

id. Eun. 1, 2, 98:

quod eum negasti, qui non cito quid didicisset, umquam omnino posse perdiscere,

Cic. de Or. 3, 36, 146; cf. Hor. A. P. 335; Quint. 12, 8, 3; 11, 2, 2; 10, 6, 2:

non multum praestant sed cito,

id. 1, 3, 4 et saep.: sat cito si sat bene, a moral saying of Cato in Hier. Ep. 66, n. 9:

cito rumpes arcum, semper si tensum habueris,

Phaedr. 3, 14, 10:

ad paenitendum properat cito qui judicat, Publ. Syr. Sent. 6: scribere,

Quint. 10, 3, 10:

nimis cito diligere,

Cic. Lael. 21, 78:

cito absolvere, tarde condemnare,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 26.— Comp.:

citius,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 14; Pers. 3, 3, 31; Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 23; Lucr. 1, 557; 2, 34; Cic. Sen. 2, 4:

Noto citius, Verg.A.5, 242 et saep.: dicto,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 80; Verg. A. 1, 142:

supremā die, i. e. ante supremam diem,

Hor. C. 1, 13, 20:

serius aut citius sedem properamus ad unam (for which serius ocius,

id. ib. 2, 3, 26), sooner or later, Ov. M. 10, 33.— Sup.:

citissime,

Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin. al.—

With the negative, sometimes equivalent to non facile, not easily (cf. the Gr. tacha):

haud cito,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 89:

neque verbis aptiorem cito alium dixerim, neque sententiis crebriorem,

Cic. Brut. 76, 264: quem tu non tam cito rhetorem dixisses quam politikon, id. ib. § 265.—

Sometimes in comp. without the negative, = potius, sooner, rather:

ut citius diceres, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 67, 238 fin.:

citius dixerim, jactasse se aliquos, etc.,

id. Phil. 2, 11, 25; id. Fam. 5, 2, 10; id. Off. 1, 18, 59; Hor. S. 2, 5, 35.—

cĭtē, quickly, Scrib. Comp. 198.

con-vello, velli (convulsi, Sen. Q. N. 2, 6, 4), vulsum (volsum), 3, v. a.

To draw violently hither and thither something that is firm or quiet (esp. a tree, house, and the like); hence, to tear up, wrest from its position, to tear loose or away, to separate from, pull or pluck up (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.

Without designation of place from which, etc.:

cum praecides caveto ne librum convellas,

Cato, R. R. 40, 2:

saxa turris hostium, quibus fundamenta continebantur,

Caes. B. C. 2, 11; cf. Hirt. B. G. 8, 26 fin.;

and, fundamenta,

Lucr. 4, 506:

cum gradus Castoris convellisti ac removisti,

Cic. Dom. 21, 54:

aesculum,

Verg. G. 2, 294:

convellere repagula, effringere valvas,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94:

limina tectorum,

Verg. A. 2, 507; Luc. 3, 528:

artus,

Lucr. 3, 344;

so of the rack: omnia (membra) laniata, omnes partes convulsae sunt,

Sen. Contr. 2, 13, 5:

convolsis laceratisque membris,

id. ib. § 6; cf.

armos,

to wrench, dislocate, Col. 6, 16, 1:

teneros fetus,

i. e. to produce abortion, Ov. Am. 2, 14, 5.—

With designation of place from or out of which, etc.:

simulacrum Cereris e sacrario convellendum auferendumque curavit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 187; cf. id. ib. §

186: me ex nostris hortulis,

id. Leg. 1, 21, 55:

viridem silvam ab humo,

Verg. A. 3, 24:

funem ab terrā,

id. G. 1, 457:

(turrim) convellimus altis sedibus,

id. A. 2, 464:

robora suā terrā,

Ov. M. 7, 204:

Roma prope convulsa sedibus suis,

Cic. Pis. 22, 52:

domus convulsa sedibus suis,

Plin. Ep. 9, 19, 8:

aspera undique nisu,

Val. Fl. 5, 159.—

Absol.:

haeserunt radice pedes. Convellere pugnat,

Ov. M. 9, 351.—

Milit. t. t.: signa, to pluck up the standards from the ground, to decamp (rare), Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77; Liv. 22, 3, 12; cf.

vexilla,

Tac. A. 1, 20.—

Medic. t. t.: convulsus ( - volsus), a, um, suffering from wrenching of a limb, Plin. 25, 8, 54, § 98; cf. id. 20, 5, 18, § 36; 20, 17, 69, § 178; or from convulsions, spasmodic, convulsive:

latus,

Suet. Tib. 72:

fauces,

Quint. 11, 3, 20.—

Trop., to cause to totter, to shake, to destroy, overthrow, bring to naught (syn.: labefacto, commoveo, commuto, infirmo;

esp. freq. in Cic.): est boni consulis, cum cuncta auxilia rei publicae labefactari convellique videat, ferre opëm patriae,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 3;

so with labefactare: cogitationem,

id. Fam. 5, 13, 2 Manut.; cf. id. Clu. 2, 6:

rei publicae statum,

id. Pis. 2, 4:

ea quae non possint commoveri,

id. de Or. 2, 51, 205:

haec si tenemus, quae mihi quidem non videntur posse convelli,

id. Div. 1, 51, 117:

judicia, stipulationes, etc. (with infirmare),

id. Caecin. 18, 51:

convellere et commutare instituta omnium,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 15:

acta Dolabellae,

id. Phil. 2, 33, 83:

rem publicam judicio aliquo,

id. Brut. 30, 115:

gratiam Caesaris,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 50:

vires aegri,

Cels. 3, 4, 14; cf. id. ib. §

11: fidem legionum promissis,

Tac. H. 4, 30 fin.:

caede Messalinae convulsa principis domus,

id. A. 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 12, 65;

4, 40: Tiberius vi dominationis convulsus ( = abalienatus ab honestate) et mutatus,

id. ib. 6, 48:

fata,

Ov. H. 16, 41:

secutae sunt duae (epistulae), quae me convellerunt de pristino statu, jam tamen labantem,

Cic. Att. 8, 15, 2.—

To tear or rend to pieces, to cleave, dismember, shatter, break (perh. first in the poets of the Aug. per.).

Lit.:

dapes avido dente,

Ov. M. 11, 123: glaebam vomere, * Cat. 64, 40:

dehiscit Convolsum remis rostrisque tridentibus aequor,

Verg. A. 5, 143; 8, 690:

loca vi quondam et vastā convolsa ruinā,

id. ib. 3, 414:

septem (naves) convolsae undis Euroque supersunt,

shattered, id. ib. 1, 383; cf. Luc. 3, 528:

convulsi laniatique centuriones,

Tac. A. 1, 32:

domum,

id. ib. 6, 40.—

Trop.

Of words, to mutilate, mispronounce:

magno cursu verba convellere,

Sen. Ep. 40, 2.—

To afflict, torture:

verbis convellere pectus,

Ov. H. 17, 111.

con-vello, velli (convulsi, Sen. Q. N. 2, 6, 4), vulsum (volsum), 3, v. a.

To draw violently hither and thither something that is firm or quiet (esp. a tree, house, and the like); hence, to tear up, wrest from its position, to tear loose or away, to separate from, pull or pluck up (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.

Without designation of place from which, etc.:

cum praecides caveto ne librum convellas,

Cato, R. R. 40, 2:

saxa turris hostium, quibus fundamenta continebantur,

Caes. B. C. 2, 11; cf. Hirt. B. G. 8, 26 fin.;

and, fundamenta,

Lucr. 4, 506:

cum gradus Castoris convellisti ac removisti,

Cic. Dom. 21, 54:

aesculum,

Verg. G. 2, 294:

convellere repagula, effringere valvas,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94:

limina tectorum,

Verg. A. 2, 507; Luc. 3, 528:

artus,

Lucr. 3, 344;

so of the rack: omnia (membra) laniata, omnes partes convulsae sunt,

Sen. Contr. 2, 13, 5:

convolsis laceratisque membris,

id. ib. § 6; cf.

armos,

to wrench, dislocate, Col. 6, 16, 1:

teneros fetus,

i. e. to produce abortion, Ov. Am. 2, 14, 5.—

With designation of place from or out of which, etc.:

simulacrum Cereris e sacrario convellendum auferendumque curavit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 187; cf. id. ib. §

186: me ex nostris hortulis,

id. Leg. 1, 21, 55:

viridem silvam ab humo,

Verg. A. 3, 24:

funem ab terrā,

id. G. 1, 457:

(turrim) convellimus altis sedibus,

id. A. 2, 464:

robora suā terrā,

Ov. M. 7, 204:

Roma prope convulsa sedibus suis,

Cic. Pis. 22, 52:

domus convulsa sedibus suis,

Plin. Ep. 9, 19, 8:

aspera undique nisu,

Val. Fl. 5, 159.—

Absol.:

haeserunt radice pedes. Convellere pugnat,

Ov. M. 9, 351.—

Milit. t. t.: signa, to pluck up the standards from the ground, to decamp (rare), Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77; Liv. 22, 3, 12; cf.

vexilla,

Tac. A. 1, 20.—

Medic. t. t.: convulsus ( - volsus), a, um, suffering from wrenching of a limb, Plin. 25, 8, 54, § 98; cf. id. 20, 5, 18, § 36; 20, 17, 69, § 178; or from convulsions, spasmodic, convulsive:

latus,

Suet. Tib. 72:

fauces,

Quint. 11, 3, 20.—

Trop., to cause to totter, to shake, to destroy, overthrow, bring to naught (syn.: labefacto, commoveo, commuto, infirmo;

esp. freq. in Cic.): est boni consulis, cum cuncta auxilia rei publicae labefactari convellique videat, ferre opëm patriae,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 3;

so with labefactare: cogitationem,

id. Fam. 5, 13, 2 Manut.; cf. id. Clu. 2, 6:

rei publicae statum,

id. Pis. 2, 4:

ea quae non possint commoveri,

id. de Or. 2, 51, 205:

haec si tenemus, quae mihi quidem non videntur posse convelli,

id. Div. 1, 51, 117:

judicia, stipulationes, etc. (with infirmare),

id. Caecin. 18, 51:

convellere et commutare instituta omnium,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 15:

acta Dolabellae,

id. Phil. 2, 33, 83:

rem publicam judicio aliquo,

id. Brut. 30, 115:

gratiam Caesaris,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 50:

vires aegri,

Cels. 3, 4, 14; cf. id. ib. §

11: fidem legionum promissis,

Tac. H. 4, 30 fin.:

caede Messalinae convulsa principis domus,

id. A. 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 12, 65;

4, 40: Tiberius vi dominationis convulsus ( = abalienatus ab honestate) et mutatus,

id. ib. 6, 48:

fata,

Ov. H. 16, 41:

secutae sunt duae (epistulae), quae me convellerunt de pristino statu, jam tamen labantem,

Cic. Att. 8, 15, 2.—

To tear or rend to pieces, to cleave, dismember, shatter, break (perh. first in the poets of the Aug. per.).

Lit.:

dapes avido dente,

Ov. M. 11, 123: glaebam vomere, * Cat. 64, 40:

dehiscit Convolsum remis rostrisque tridentibus aequor,

Verg. A. 5, 143; 8, 690:

loca vi quondam et vastā convolsa ruinā,

id. ib. 3, 414:

septem (naves) convolsae undis Euroque supersunt,

shattered, id. ib. 1, 383; cf. Luc. 3, 528:

convulsi laniatique centuriones,

Tac. A. 1, 32:

domum,

id. ib. 6, 40.—

Trop.

Of words, to mutilate, mispronounce:

magno cursu verba convellere,

Sen. Ep. 40, 2.—

To afflict, torture:

verbis convellere pectus,

Ov. H. 17, 111.