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21 populus
1. populus, ī, m. (zu pleo, plēbēs, πίμπλημι), das Volk als Vereinigung zu einer polit. Gemeinde, der Staat, ganz das griech. δημος (vgl. Cic. de rep. 1, 39 u. 41), I) eig.: A) im weiteren Sinne, 1) die Gesamtheit der Bewohner eines Gaues, Bezirkes, als Teil eines Volksstammes (einer gens), die Völkerschaft, bes. eine freie, der Freistaat, casci populi Latini, Enn.: defecere ad Poenos hi populi: Atellani, Calatini, Hirpini etc., Liv.: simul Aequos clades prohibuit Bolanis suae gentis populo praesidium ferre, Liv. (s. Drak. Liv. 5, 34, 5 viele andere Stellen mit gens u. pop.): aber videbis gentes (Geschlechter) populosque universos migrasse sedem, Sen. – populi liberi... reges... ultimae gentes, Cic.: u. so oft reges et populi liberi, liberi populi regesque, u. bl. reges populique, Sall., Liv. u.a. (s. Fabri Sall. Cat. 10, 1 u. Liv. 21, 43, 11): so auch sed tamen vel regnum malo, quam liberum populum, Cic. – dah. meton., wie δημος, das Gebiet, der Gau, Kanton, frequens cultoribus alius populus, Liv. 21, 34, 1. – 2) übtr., wie δημος, ein Volk = die Menge, die Schar, der Schwarm, der Haufe, a) lebender Wesen: amicorum, Sen.: fratrum, Ov. u. Iustin.: duo populi (apum), Colum. Vgl. die Auslgg. zu Iustin. 10, 1, 6. – b) lebl. Ggstde.: imaginum, Plin.: spicarum, Pallad.: scelerum, Sidon. Vgl. Savaro Sidon. epist. 6, 1 extr. – B) im engeren————Sinne: 1) die zu einem polit. Vereine verbundenen Geschlechter eines Staates, bes. eines Freistaates, die Gemeinde, das Volk als selbständige, freie Gesamtheit, das souveräne Volk eines Freistaates, a) übh.: iussu populi (in Athen), Nep.: diutius quam populus iusserat, Nep. – im Ggstz. zu den Vornehmen, civitas popularis (Demokratie), in qua in populo sunt omnia, Cic.: populi potentiae (Demokratie) non amicus et optimatum fautor, Nep. – b) insbes. in Rom, urspr. die Patrizier, später die Gesamtheit aller Stände mit dem Senate an der Spitze, dah. oft verb. senatus populusque Romanus ( abgekürzt S. P. Q. R.), oft bei Cic. u.a., et senatus et populus Romanus, Cic. ep., u. im Zshg. bl. senatus populusque, Liv. (selten umgekehrt populus et senatus Romanus, Sall. Iug. 41, 2, populus Romanus et senatus, Vitr. 1. praef. § 1, populus Romanus senatusque, Liv. 7, 31, 10; 24, 37, 7 u. 29, 21, 7, populus senatusque Romanus, Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 5041, populus et senatus, Arnob. 4, 35). – im Ggstz. zum Senate, et patres in populi potestate fore, Liv.: senatus decrevit populusque iussit, ut etc., Cic. – im Ggstz. zur Plebs, non populi, sed plebis iudicium esse, Liv.: ut ea res populo plebique Romanae bene atque feliciter eveniret, Cic.: populi concilia, Kuriatkomitien, Liv. – als Gesamtheit aller Stände, aller Staatsbürger, neque populi iussu, neque plebis scitu, Cic.: consul populum roga-————ret, Liv. – oft, bes. bei den Histor., von den Plebejern als später herrschender Partei, populum a senatu (von den Patriziern) disiunctum, Cic.: sumat (homo ex illo globo nobilitatis) aliquem ex populo monitorem officii sui, Sall. (s. Kritz Sall. Iug. 85, 10. Drak. Liv. 7, 42, 1. Fabri Liv. 22, 34, 11.) – als dritter Stand, vescitur omnis eques tecum populusque patresque, Mart.: dat populus, dat gratus eques, dat tura senatus, Mart. – meton. = publicum, α) (poet.) die freie Straße, Gasse, e quibus haec populum spectat, at illa Larem, Ov. fast. 1, 136. – dah. Plur. = die Leute, Ov. am. 3, 13, 29 u. fast. 2, 510 u. 4, 640. Plin. 28, 4. Gell. 3, 13, 2. Apul. met. 11, 13 u. 16. Augustin. de civ. dei 2, 28: in populos mittere, allen bekanntmachen, Val. Flacc. 2, 439. Sil. 6, 711: in populos ire, allgemein bekannt werden, Eumen. pan. 1, 5. – β) die Staats-, Gemeindekasse, das Ärarium, Tac. ann. 3, 28; 6, 17; 13, 31. Iuven. 3, 19. Gaius inst. 2, 150 u. 286. Ulp. fr. 28, 7: Ggstz. fiscus, Paul. sent. 5, 12 lemm. – 2) die Bevölkerung, das Volk übh., die Volksmenge, der große Haufe, a) der Hauptstadt, p. urbanus (Ggstz. exercitus), Nep.: malus poëta de populo, Cic.: concursus in forum populi est factus, Liv. Vgl. Fabri Liv. 22, 7, 6. – b) einer Provinzialstadt, populi civitatum, populi urbium, ICt. – od. der ganzen Provinz, populi provinciae, spät. ICt. – II) übtr., die Gesamtheit der christl.————Laien, das Volk (Ggstz. clerici), spät. ICt. – ⇒ Archaist. popolus, Tab. Bantin. im Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 197. lin. 15: synkop. poplus, Column. rostr. im Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 195. lin. 17. Plaut. Amph. prol. 101 u.a.: Plur. poploe, Carm. Sal. bei Fest. 205, 24. Vgl. Osann Cic. de rep. 2, 53. p. 217.———————— -
22 abacus
abacus ī, m a table of precious material for the display of plate, C.; luv.* * *small table for cruets, credence, shelf/niche near altar for Eucharist; buffet; counting-board; side-board; slab table; panel; square stone on top of column -
23 mīlliārium
mīlliārium see miliarium.* * *milestone, column resembling a milestone, one at the Forum; Roman mile -
24 quadrātus
quadrātus adj. [P. of quadro], squared, square, quadrate: saxum, squared, L.: agmine quadrato accedere, in solid column, C., L., S.* * *quadrata, quadratum ADJsquared, squareset -
25 rōstrātus
rōstrātus adj. [rostrum], having a beak, hooked, with a crooked point, beaked, with a curved front: navis: Columna Rostrata, a column in the Forum, commemorating the victory of Duilius in the first Punic war, and adorned with the beaks of the captured vessels, L.—Poet.: cui (Agrippae) Tempora navali fulgent rostrata coronā, i. e. are decorated for naval victories, V.* * *rostrata, rostratum ADJ -
26 stilus
stilus (not stylus), ī, m [STIG-], a pointed instrument ; hence, in a double sense: si meus stilus ille fuisset, ut dicitur, had that weapon been mine, had I been the author of that tragedy: hic stilus haud petet ultro Quemquam, my pe<*> will stab no one wantonly, H.—For writing on waxen tablets, an iron pencil, style: orationes paene Attico stilo scriptae, with an Attic pen: luxuries, quae stilo depascenda est, i. e. to be moderated by practice in writing: vertit stilum in tabulis suis, i. e. makes erasures (with the broad upper end of the style): Saepe stilum vertas, H.— A writing, composition, practice of composing: stilus optimus dicendi effector: exercitatus, a practised pen.—A manner of writing, mode of expression, style: Dissimili oratione sunt factae (fabulae) ac stilo, in language and style, T.: artifex stilus, an artistic style.* * *stylus, pencil, iron pen; column, pillar -
27 abax
counting-board; side-board; slab table; panel; square stone on top of column -
28 apophysis
apophysos/is N Fcurving outward (archit.), curve of column at top/bottom, apophyge -
29 apothesis
apothesos/is N Fcurving outward (archit.), curve of column at top/bottom, apophyge -
30 apothysis
apothysos/is N Fcurving outward (archit.), curve of column at top/bottom, apophyge -
31 astragalus
convex molding (usu. round top/bottom of a column), astragal -
32 capitellum
small head; capital/chapiter of a column -
33 columnifer
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34 columpna
column/pillar, post/prop; portico; (columna) -
35 corsa
facia; (architectural flat surface/tablet/plate on column/door jamb/lintel) -
36 miliarium
milestone, column resembling a milestone, the one at the Forum; a Roman mile -
37 parastatica
square column; B:horse knee bone -
38 scapus
stem/stalk of a plant; shaft/upright of column/post/door frame/scroll -
39 stela
pillar; column -
40 stria
furrow, channel; T:flute of column
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