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101 воздействие промышленности на окружающую среду
воздействие промышленности на окружающую среду
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
environmental impact of industry
The effects on the environment connected with industrial activities are mainly related to the production of industrial wastes that can be divided into various types: solid waste, such as dust particles or slag from coal; liquid wastes from various processes, including radioactive coolants from power stations; and gas wastes, largely produced by the chemical industry. (Source: RRDA)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воздействие промышленности на окружающую среду
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102 Montanindustrie
Montanindustrie f IND mining industry* * *f < Ind> mining industry* * *Montanindustrie
mining (coal [iron] and steel) industry -
103 Mond, Ludwig
SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology[br]b. 7 March 1839 Cassel, Germanyd. 11 December 1909 London, England[br]German (naturalized English) industrial chemist.[br]Born into a prosperous Jewish merchant family, Mond studied at the Polytechnic in Cassel and then under the distinguished chemists Hermann Kolbe at Marburg and Bunsen at Heidelberg from 1856. In 1859 he began work as an industrial chemist in various works in Germany and Holland. At this time, Mond was pursuing his method for recovering sulphur from the alkali wastes in the Leblanc soda-making process. Mond came to England in 1862 and five years later settled permanently, in partnership with John Hutchinson \& Co. at Widnes, to perfect his process, although complete success eluded him. He became a naturalized British subject in 1880.In 1872 Mond became acquainted with Ernest Solvay, the Belgian chemist who developed the ammonia-soda process which finally supplanted the Leblanc process. Mond negotiated the English patent rights and set up the first ammoniasoda plant in England at Winnington in Cheshire, in partnership with John Brunner. After overcoming many difficulties by incessant hard work, the process became a financial success and in 1881 Brunner, Mond \& Co. was formed, for a time the largest alkali works in the world. In 1926 the company merged with others to form Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd (ICI). The firm was one of the first to adopt the eight-hour day and to provide model dwellings and playing fields for its employees.From 1879 Mond took up the production of ammonia and this led to the Mond producer-gas plant, patented in 1883. The process consisted of passing air and steam over coal and coke at a carefully regulated temperature. Ammonia was generated and, at the same time, so was a cheap and useful producer gas. Mond's major discovery followed the observation in 1889 that carbon monoxide could combine with nickel in its ore at around 60°C to form a gaseous compound, nickel carbonyl. This, on heating to a higher temperature, would then decompose to give pure nickel. Mond followed up this unusual way of producing and purifying a metal and by 1892 had succeeded in setting up a pilot plant to perfect a large-scale process and went on to form the Mond Nickel Company.Apart from being a successful industrialist, Mond was prominent in scientific circles and played a leading role in the setting up of the Society of Chemical Industry in 1881. The success of his operations earned him great wealth, much of which he donated for learned and charitable purposes. He formed a notable collection of pictures which he bequeathed to the National Gallery.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1891.Bibliography1885, "On the origin of the ammonia-soda process", Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry 4:527–9.1895. "The history of the process of nickel extraction", Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry 14:945–6.Further ReadingJ.M.Cohen, 1956, The Life of Ludwig Mond, London: Methuen. Obituary, 1918, Journal of the Chemical Society 113:318–34.F.C.Donnan, 1939, Ludwig Mond 1839–1909, London (a valuable lecture).LRD -
104 аэросмесь
1) Engineering: air-and-fuel mixture, air-petrol mixture2) Automobile industry: air-fuel mixture, fuel mixture3) Metallurgy: air-and-coal mixture, air-coal mixture -
105 бензол
1) General subject: benzene, benzol, benzole, carbon oil2) Engineering: one-degree benzene3) Chemistry: benz, coal naphtha, phene, phenyl hydride, phone4) Automobile industry: benzene (смесь разных углеводородов бензольного ряда), benzine, benzol (смесь разных углеводородов бензольного ряда)5) Textile: light ligroine6) Physics: bensole8) Polymers: coal tar naphtha9) Makarov: tar spirit -
106 дуговое сито
1) Engineering: arched sieve, bent sieve, curved sieve, sieve-bend2) Food industry: screen with curved screening deck3) Silicates: arch sieve4) Enrichment: sieve bends (for fine coal classification)5) Coal: sieve bend -
107 минеральное масло
1) General subject: coal-oil, conventional oil (марка моторного смазочного масла)2) Geology: claroline (для растворения природных газов), coal oil3) Naval: hydrocarbon oil4) Medicine: mineral oil5) Engineering: lubricating mineral oil6) Construction: rock oil7) Automobile industry: petroleum oil8) Mining: blue oil (продукт перегонки битуминозных сланцев)9) Polymers: (нефтяное) mineral oil -
108 мягкий
1) General subject: balmy (о воздухе), benign (о климате), benignant, bland (тж. о климате), bland (о климате и т.п.), cat like, cat-like, clement (о климате), cottony, creamy, crumby (как мякиш), crummy (как мякиш), cushiony, downy, dress maker, dress-maker, easy, facile (о характере), fair-spoken, favonian, flowing (о линиях, контуре), fluffy, fluty, genial (о климате), gentle, gentle hearted, gentle-hearted, kind (о руде), kindly, lank, lenient, lenient towards with (по отношению), limber, limp, malleable, meek, mellow (о голосе, цвете и т. п.), melodious, melting, merciful (о наказании), mild, mushy, open (о земле), overstuffed (о мебели), pappy, papry, pillowy, pithless, pliable, pliant, powder puff, pulpy, quick (о породе), quiet, quiet (о человеке), relaxed, rich (о тоне), round (о голосе), sheepish (по характеру), silken, silky, sleek, smooth, sober (о цвете), soft (о климате, погоде), soft core, soft hearted, soft-core, soft-hearted, squashy, suave, tender, tractable, unoppressive, waxen, waxy, well padded, well-padded, womanly, yielding (о материале), floppy (Example: Floppy rag doll. - Мягкая тряпичная кукла.), charitable (charitable comparison - мягкое сравнение), soothing (о вкусе), poofy, padded, flabby, mild-mannered2) Computers: bumpless3) Geology: denty coal, friable, incompetent, soft (о почве), uged4) Biology: bland (напр. о климате), malacoid, tender (напр. о мякоти плода)6) Medicine: boggy (при пальпации), grenz, malacotic7) Ironical: powder-puff9) Engineering: moldering10) Agriculture: pithy, soft-meated (о мясе птицы)11) Railway term: cherry coal (некоксующийся и легко сгораемый уголь), litzendraht, non-rigid12) Economy: liberal (напр. режим импорта)13) Linguistics: palatalised, palatalized15) Architecture: soft (о свете и цвете), spongy (о ковре)16) Mining: nesh17) Forestry: caney (о годичном кольце)19) Polygraphy: flexible (о переплёте)20) Politics: soft (о политической линии и т.п.)21) Jargon: goobey, softie softy, squooshy23) Silicates: samel (о черепице, кирпиче)24) Mechanics: soft-grade25) Perfume: collapsible, supple26) Drilling: weak27) Polymers: high resilient (о пенопласте)28) Makarov: dab, dress-maker (о линиях платья), mild (о свете), soft (о воде), sweet, tame, tender (о вкусе, консистенции), tender (о цвете, свете, звуке)30) Gold mining: flaccid (об осадке, отложении)31) Hi-Fi. silky (термин для описания характера звучания, свободного от жесткости и яркости среднечастотного и высокочастотного диапазонов) -
109 удельный расход топлива
1) Aviation: specific fuel consumption2) Naval: specific fuel rate3) Military: performance index (в реактивном двигателе)4) Engineering: fuel rate5) Economy: fuel use per kwhr6) Automobile industry: sfc7) Metallurgy: coal rate, coal-burning rate8) Oil: BSFC (при испытаниях на тормозном стенде; brake specific fuel consumption)9) Missiles: specific propellant consumptionУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > удельный расход топлива
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110 Montanaktie
Montanaktie
mining share (stock, US), share in a mine;
• Montanaktien iron and steel shares, steel stocks (US) (shares, Br.);
• Montanfinanzierungsgesellschaft mining finance company;
• Montanindustrie mining (coal [iron] and steel) industry;
• Montanmarkt mining market;
• Montanpapiere (Börse) mines;
• Montanunion European Coal and Steel Community;
• Montanunionsvertrag Common Market Treaty;
• Montanunternehmen mining concern;
• Montanwerte mining securities (shares). -
111 carbosiderurgico
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112 Clegg, Samuel
[br]b. 2 March 1781 Manchester, Englandd. 8 January 1861 Haverstock Hill, Hampstead, London, England[br]English inventor and gas engineer.[br]Clegg received scientific instruction from John Dalton, the founder of the atomic theory, and was apprenticed to Boulton \& Watt. While at their Soho factory in Birmingham, he assisted William Murdock with his experiments on coal gas. He left the firm in 1804 and set up as a gas engineer on his own account. He designed and installed gas plant and lighting in a number of factories, including Henry Lodge's cotton mill at Sowerby Bridge and in 1811 the Jesuit College at Stoneyhurst in Lancashire, the first non-industrial establishment to be equipped with gas lighting.Clegg moved to London in 1813 and successfully installed gas lighting at the premises of Rudolf Ackermann in the Strand. His success in the manufacture of gas had earned him the Royal Society of Arts Silver Medal in 1808 for furthering "the art of gas production", and in 1813 it brought him the appointment of Chief Engineer to the first gas company, the Chartered Gas, Light \& Coke Company. He left in 1817, but remained in demand to set up gas works and advise on the formation of gas companies. Throughout this time there flowed from Clegg a series of inventions of fundamental importance in the gas industry. While at Lodge's mill he had begun purifying gas by adding lime to the gas holder, and at Stoneyhurst this had become a separate lime purifier. In 1815, and again in 1818, Clegg patented the wet-meter which proved to be the basis for future devices for measuring gas. He invented the gas governor and, favouring the horizontal retort, developed the form which was to become standard for the next forty years. But after all this, Clegg joined a concern in Liverpool which failed, taking all his possessions with it. He made a fresh start in Lisbon, where he undertook various engineering works for the Portuguese government. He returned to England to find railway construction gathering pace, but he again backed a loser by engaging in the ill-fated atmospheric-rail way project. He was finally discouraged from taking part in further enterprises, but he received a government appointment as Surveying Officer to conduct enquiries in connection with the various Bills on gas that were presented to Parliament. Clegg also contributed to his son's massive treatise on the manufacture of coal gas.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsRoyal Society of Arts Silver Medal 1808.Further ReadingMinutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers (1862) 21:552–4.S.Everard, 1949, The History of the Gas light and Coke Company, London: Ernest Benn.LRD -
113 Cort, Henry
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 1740 Lancaster, Englandd. 1800 Hampstead, near London, England[br]English ironmaster, inventor of the puddling process and grooved rollers for forming iron into bars.[br]His father was a mason and brickmaker but, anxious to improve himself, Cort set up in London in 1765 as a navy agent, said to have been a profitable business. He recognized that, at that time, the conversion of pig iron to malleable or wrought iron, which was needed in increasing quantities as developments in industry and mechanical engineering gathered pace, presented a bottleneck in the ironmaking process. The finery hearth was still in use, slow and inefficient and requiring the scarce charcoal as fuel. To tackle this problem, Cort gave up his business and acquired a furnace and slitting mill at Fontley, near Fareham in Hampshire. In 1784 he patented his puddling process, by which molten pig iron on the bed of a reverberatory furnace was stirred with an iron bar and, by the action of the flame and the oxygen in the air, the carbon in the pig iron was oxidized, leaving nearly pure iron, which could be forged to remove slag. In this type of furnace, the fuel and the molten iron were separated, so that the cheaper coal could be used as fuel. It was the stirring action with the iron bar that gave the name "puddling" to the process. Others had realized the problem and reached a similar solution, notably the brothers Thomas and George Cranage, but only Cort succeeded in developing a commercially viable process. The laborious hammering of the ball of iron thus produced was much reduced by an invention of the previous year, 1783. This too was patented. The iron was passed between grooved rollers to form it into bars. Cort entered into an agreement with Samuel Jellico to set up an ironworks at Gosport to exploit his inventions. Samuel's father Adam, Deputy Paymaster of the Navy, advanced capital for this venture, Cort having expended much of his own resources in the experimental work that preceded his inventions. However, it transpired that Jellico senior had, unknown to Cort, used public money to advance the capital; the Admiralty acted to recover the money and Cort lost heavily, including the benefits from his patents. Rival ironmasters were quick to pillage the patents. In 1790, and again the following year, Cort offered unsuccessfully to work for the military. Finally, in 1794, at the instigation of the Prime Minister, William Pitt the Younger, Cort was paid a pension of £200 per year in recognition of the value of his improvements in the technology of ironmaking, although this was reduced by deductions to £160. After his death, the pension to his widow was halved, while some of his children received a pittance. Without the advances made by Cort, however, the iron trade could not have met the rapidly increasing demand for iron during the industrial revolution.[br]Bibliography1787, A Brief State of Facts Relative to the New Method of Making Bar Iron with Raw Pit Coal and Grooved Rollers (held in the Science Museum Library archive collection).Further ReadingH.W.Dickinson, 1941, "Henry Cort's bicentary", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 21: 31–47 (there are further references to grooved rollers and the puddling process in Vol. 49 of the same periodical (1978), on pp. 153–8).R.A.Mott, 1983, Henry Con, the Great Finery Creator of Puddled Iron, Sheffield: Historical Metallurgy Society.LRD -
114 Kegel, Karl
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 19 May 1876 Magdeburg, Germanyd. 5 March 1959 Freiberg, Saxony, Germany[br]German professor of mining who established the mining of lignite as a discipline in the science of mining.[br]Within the long tradition of celebrated teachers at the Mining Academy in Freiberg, Kegel can be considered as probably the last professor teaching the science of mining who was able to cover all the different disciplines. As was the case with a number of his predecessors, he was able to combine theoretical research work with the teaching of students and to support his theories with the practical experience of industry. He has apprenticed at the Mansfeld copper mines, went to the School of Mines at Eisleben (1896–8), worked as an engineer with various mining companies and thereafter became a scholar of the Berlin Mining Academy (1901–4). For twelve years he taught at the Bochum School of Mining until, in 1918, he was appointed Professor of Mining at Freiberg. There, one year later, as a new approach, he introduced lectures on brown-coal mining and mineral economics. He remained Professor at Freiberg until his first retirement in 1941, although he was active again between 1945 and 1951.In 1924 Kegel took over a department at the State Research Institute for Brown Coal in Freiberg which he extended into the Institute for Briquetting. In this field his main achievement lies in the initially questioned theory that producing briquettes from lignite is a molecular process rather than the result of bituminous factors. This perception, among others, led Rammler to produce coke from lignite in 1951. Kegel's merits result from having established all the aspects of mining and using lignite as an independent subdiscipline of mining science, based on substantial theories and an innovative understanding of applied technologies.[br]Bibliography1912, Bergmännische Wasserwirtschaft, Halle (Saale). 1931, Lehrbuch der Bergwirtschaft, Berlin.1941, Bergmännische Gebirgsmechanik, Halle (Saale). 1948, Brikettierung der Braunkohle, Halle (Saale).1953, Lehrbuch des Braunkohlentagebaus, Halle (Saale).Further ReadingE.Kroker, "Karl Kegel", Neue deutsche Biographie, Vol. XI, p. 394 (a reliable short account).Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), 1976, Karl Kegel 1876–1959. Festschrift aus Anlaß seines100. Geburtstages, Leipzig (contains substantial biographical information).WK -
115 наполнитель
2) Aviation: filled core3) Zoology: litter (туалета д/домашних животных)5) Military: filling6) Engineering: additive (удобрений), bulking agent, charge, charging material, diluent (ядохимикатов), extender (пластмассы и т. п.), extender pigment (для лакокрасочных материалов), filling compound, filling machine (машина), filling material, inert material, ingredient, loading material, packing material (ректификационной колонны), pigment extender (для лакокрасочных материалов), refilling compound, stuff, weighting material7) Chemistry: media8) Construction: extender (напр. лакокрасочных материалов), extender pigment, fill material, filler (минеральный порошок), filling compound (краски, мастики и т. п.)9) Automobile industry: filling agent10) Road works: fine material11) Forestry: bulkier mat (удобрений, ядохимикатов), inert substance, stuffer12) Metallurgy: filling mass, filling vessel, sealant13) Telecommunications: (информационный) creator14) Textile: extender (для нанесения тканевых покрытий)16) Oil: bulk additive, filler (в смазках, битумных композициях), filler (material), filler material (цементного раствора для увеличения предела текучести), pigment17) Food industry: builder18) Silicates: bulking material19) Power engineering: filling component20) Drilling: aggregate21) Sakhalin energy glossary: crushed coal22) Microelectronics: filling medium23) Polymers: compound product, inert pigment, loading agent, packing, pigment (напр. резиновой смеси), reducer24) Automation: weighing material25) Plastics: reinforcing material26) Sakhalin R: extender (добавка к цементу), filler (material), nylon fibres27) Chemical weapons: filling material (материал для засыпки)28) Chromatography: material packing29) Makarov: bulkier material (напр. ядохимикатов), carrier (в красках, удобрениях и т.п.), extender (для каучука), filing machine (машина), filler (для лакокрасочных материалов), filling agent (вещество), filling compound (краски, мастики и т.п.), filling compound (напр. поглощающего элемента реактора), filling material (напр. поглощающего элемента реактора), pigment (напр., резиновой смеси), replenisher, stuffing30) Electrochemistry: stuff (в пластмассе), thickener (анодной плёнки)31) Yachting: thickener -
116 температура плавления
1) Engineering: fusing point, fusion temperature, melting point, melting temperature2) Chemistry: melting points3) Automobile industry: pouring point4) Metallurgy: flowing temperature, flowing temperature (шлака), fusing temperature6) Astronautics: deterioration temperature7) Silicates: smelting temperature8) Coolers: melting pocket9) Aluminium industry: fusioning point, fusioning temperature10) Coal: HTУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > температура плавления
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117 Umstellung
Umstellung f 1. BANK revision; 2. GEN switch-over, switch, switching; 3. RECHT changeover, conversion, transposal (EU Recht)* * *f 1. < Bank> revision; 2. < Geschäft> switch-over, switch, switching; 3. < Recht> EU Recht changeover, conversion, transposal* * *Umstellung
regrouping, reorganization, readjustment, change-over, modification, reconversion, (Automatisierung) automatization, automation, (Maschinenbetrieb) mechanization, (Währungsreform) conversion;
• frühe Umstellung (Euro) early adoption;
• geldmarktpolitische Umstellung[en] shift in monetary policy;
• industrielle Umstellung conversion of industry;
• stufenweise Umstellung (Euro) gradual approach;
• wertgleiche Umstellung (Euro) equivalent value conversion;
• Umstellung von direkter auf indirekte Besteuerung switch from direct to indirect taxation;
• Umstellung von Beteiligungen shuffle of holdings;
• Umstellung des Effektenportefeuilles switching of securities;
• Umstellung auf den Euro change-over to the euro;
• Umstellung eines Fabrikationsbetriebes auf andere Produkte adaptation of a factory to the production of other lines;
• Umstellung der Finanzmärkte change-over of financial markets;
• Umstellung von Gas und Erdöl auf Kohle conversion from gas and oil to coal;
• Umstellung des Gesellschaftskapitals auf Euro redenomination of the company’s capital into euro;
• soziale Umstellung von Krisenstädten social conversion of crisis-hit towns;
• Umstellung auf ökologischen Landbau switching to organic production;
• Umstellung der Produktionsanlagen modifications to production equipment;
• Umstellung auf eurokompatible Software transition to euro-compliant software system;
• Umstellung von Vermögenswerten reshuffling of assets;
• Umstellung auf Wachstumsaktien switch into growth stocks;
• Umstellung im Wertpapierbesitz changes in holdings;
• Umstellung der Wirtschaft auf Friedensproduktion reconversion of industry;
• wirtschaftliche und soziale Umstellung unterstützen to support economic and social conversion. -
118 Handel
m; -s, kein Pl.; WIRTS.1. trade, commerce; bes. Börse: trading ( mit in); (Markt) market; Handel und Gewerbe trade (bes. Am. commerce) and industry; Handel und Wandel altm. business and social life; im Handel on the market; im Handel ( erhältlich oder zu haben) sein auch be available; nicht mehr im Handel off the market, no longer available; in den Handel bringen / kommen put on / come onto the market; aus dem Handel ziehen take off the market; Handel treiben trade; Handel treiben mit mit etw.: deal in s.th.; mit jemandem: do business with s.o.; Handel treibend trading2. (Geschäft) (business) transaction, deal; (Tauschhandel) barter; (Vereinbarung) deal; ich lasse mich auf keinen Handel mit ihm ein fig. (will nichts mit ihm zu tun haben) I don’t want to get involved with him at all; (will nicht mit ihm diskutieren) I’m not having any discussion with him—m; -s, Händel, meist Pl.; altm. oder geh. quarrel, argument; einen Handel mit jemandem ( auszutragen) haben have a quarrel with s.o., want to settle an argument with s.o.; Händel suchen be looking for trouble, be trying to pick a quarrel* * *der Handel(Geschäftsabschluss) bargain; deal;(Warenverkehr) trade; dealing; business; trading;(Wirtschaftszweig) commerce* * *Hạn|del I ['handl]m -s,no plHandel mit etw/einem Land — trade in sth/with a country
2) (= Warenverkehr) trade; (= Warenmarkt) marketim Handel sein — to be on the market
etw in den Handel bringen — to put sth on the market
etw aus dem Handel ziehen — to take sth off the market
(mit jdm) Handel ( be)treiben — to trade (with sb)
4) (= Wirtschaftszweig) commerce, trade; (= die Handel Treibenden) trade5) (dial = Handelsunternehmen) businessII ['handl]er betreibt/hat einen Handel in or mit Kohlen und Heizöl — he runs/has a coal and fuel oil business
m -s, ordm;['hɛndl] usu pl quarrel, argument* * *der1) (an agreement made between people: I'll make a bargain with you.) bargain2) (the exchange of goods between nations or people; trade on a large scale: He is engaged in commerce.) commerce3) (a bargain or arrangement: a business deal.) deal4) (the buying and selling of goods: Japan does a lot of trade with Britain.) trade5) (trade, especially illegal or dishonest: the drug traffic.) traffic* * *Han·del1<-s>[ˈhandl̩]1. (Wirtschaftszweig der Händler) commercefreier \Handel free tradeden \Handel aussetzen BÖRSE to discontinue tradeden \Handel behindern to intercept trade3. (fam: Abmachung, Geschäft) deal, transactionauf so einen unsicheren \Handel würde ich mich nicht einlassen I wouldn't let myself in for such a risky deal4. (das Handeln) dealing, tradingder \Handel mit Drogen ist illegal drug trafficking is illegal[mit jdm/etw] \Handel treiben [o betreiben] to do business [with sb], to trade [in sb/sth]5. (Laden) businessetw in den \Handel bringen to put sth on the marketim \Handel sein to be on the marketetw aus dem \Handel ziehen to take sth off the marketHan·del2<-s, Händel>[ˈhandl̩, pl ˈhɛndl̩]m meist pl argument, quarrel* * *Ider; Handels1) (Wirtschaft) trade; commerce2) (Handeln) tradeder Handel mit Waffen/Drogen — the traffic in arms/drugs
3) (Geschäftsverkehr) tradedas ist [nicht mehr] im Handel — it is [no longer] on the market
4) (Vereinbarung) dealIIder; Handels, Händel; meist Pl. (geh.)* * *Handel1 m; -s, kein pl; WIRTSCHHandel und Gewerbe trade (besonders US commerce) and industry;Handel und Wandel obs business and social life;im Handel on the market;nicht mehr im Handel off the market, no longer available;in den Handel bringen/kommen put on/come onto the market;aus dem Handel ziehen take off the market;Handel treiben trade;Handel treibend tradingich lasse mich auf keinen Handel mit ihm ein fig (will nichts mit ihm zu tun haben) I don’t want to get involved with him at all; (will nicht mit ihm diskutieren) I’m not having any discussion with himeinen Handel mit jemandem (auszutragen) haben have a quarrel with sb, want to settle an argument with sb;Händel suchen be looking for trouble, be trying to pick a quarrel* * *Ider; Handels1) (Wirtschaft) trade; commerce2) (Handeln) tradeder Handel mit Waffen/Drogen — the traffic in arms/drugs
3) (Geschäftsverkehr) tradedas ist [nicht mehr] im Handel — it is [no longer] on the market
4) (Vereinbarung) dealIIder; Handels, Händel; meist Pl. (geh.)Händel suchen — [try to] pick a quarrel
* * *- m.bargain n.commerce n.deal n.trade n.traffic (illegal trade) n. -
119 petróleo
m.oil, coal oil, earth oil, crude oil.* * *1 oil* * *noun m.oil, petroleum* * *SM (Min) oil, petroleum; LAm (=kerosene) paraffinpetróleo de alumbrado — paraffin (oil), kerosene (EEUU)
* * *a) (Min) oil, petroleumsudar petróleo — (Col fam) to sweat blood (colloq)
b) ( combustible) kerosene, paraffin (BrE)* * *= oil, petroleum.Ex. Several of the exclusive data bases cover petroleum and fossil fuels.----* bidón de petróleo = oil drum.* boom del petróleo = oil-boom.* campo de petróleo = oil field.* contaminación del petróleo = oil pollution.* derrame de petróleo = oil spill.* energía del petróleo = petroleum energy.* industria del petróleo = petroleum industry.* ingresos públicos provenientes del petróleo = oil revenues.* mancha de petróleo = oil slick, oil spill.* OPEC, la [Organización de Países Exportadores de Petróleo] = OPEC [Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries].* yacimiento de petróleo = oil field.* * *a) (Min) oil, petroleumsudar petróleo — (Col fam) to sweat blood (colloq)
b) ( combustible) kerosene, paraffin (BrE)* * *= oil, petroleum.Ex: Several of the exclusive data bases cover petroleum and fossil fuels.* bidón de petróleo = oil drum.* boom del petróleo = oil-boom.* campo de petróleo = oil field.* contaminación del petróleo = oil pollution.* derrame de petróleo = oil spill.* energía del petróleo = petroleum energy.* industria del petróleo = petroleum industry.* ingresos públicos provenientes del petróleo = oil revenues.* mancha de petróleo = oil slick, oil spill.* OPEC, la [Organización de Países Exportadores de Petróleo] = OPEC [Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries].* yacimiento de petróleo = oil field.* * *1 ( Min) oil, petroleum2 (combustible) kerosene, paraffin ( BrE)Compuesto:crude oil* * *
Del verbo petrolear: ( conjugate petrolear)
petroleo es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
petroleó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
petróleo sustantivo masculino
petróleo sustantivo masculino petroleum, oil
' petróleo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cruda
- crudo
- descubrir
- magnate
- pozo
- productor
- productora
- refinar
- refinada
- refinado
- tanque
- destilar
- ducto
- exportador
- importador
- mancha
- mercado
- sacar
- torre
English:
barrel
- crude
- duct
- fiendish
- go under
- inflated
- oil
- oil spill
- petroleum
- pipe
- pipeline
- prospect
- strike
- tanker
- drill
- white
* * *petróleo nmoil, petroleumpetróleo crudo crude oil* * *m oil, petroleum* * *petróleo nm: oil, petroleum* * *petróleo n oil -
120 Mavor, Henry Alexander
[br]b. 1858 Stranraer, Scotlandd. 16 July 1915 Mauchline, Ayrshire, Scotland[br]Scottish engineer who pioneered the use of electricity for lighting, power and the propulsion of ships.[br]Mavor came from a distinguished Scottish family with connections in medicine, industry and the arts. On completion of his education at Glasgow University, he joined R.J.Crompton \& Co.; then in 1883, along with William C.Muir, he established the Glasgow firm which later became well known as Mavor and Coulson. It pioneered the supply of electricity to public undertakings and equipped the first two generating stations in Scotland. Mavor and his fellow directors appreciated the potential demand by industry in Glasgow for electricity. Two industries were especially well served; first, the coal-mines, where electric lighting and power transformed efficiency and safety beyond recognition; and second, marine engineering. Here Mavor recognized the importance of the variable-speed motor in working with marine propellers which have a tighter range of efficient working speeds. In 1911 he built a 50 ft (15 m) motor launch, appropriately named Electric Arc, at Dumbarton and fitted it with an alternating-current motor driven by a petrol engine and dynamo. Within two years British shipyards were building electrically powered ships, and by the beginning of the First World War the United States Navy had a 20,000-ton collier with this new form of propulsion.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsVice-President, Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland 1894–6.BibliographyMavor published several papers on electric power supply, distribution and the use of electricity for marine purposes in the Transactions of the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland between the years 1890 and 1912.Further ReadingMavor and Coulson Ltd, 1911, Electric Propulsion of Ships, Glasgow.FMW
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