Перевод: с латинского на английский

с английского на латинский

classĭcum

  • 1 classicum

        classicum ī, n    [classicus], a field signal, trumpet-call: cecinit, L.: cani iubet, Cs.: classico ad contionem convocat, L.: classica sonant, V.: excitatur classico miles, H.: necdum audierant inflari classica, trumpets, V.
    * * *
    military trumpet call; war-trumpet (L+S)

    Latin-English dictionary > classicum

  • 2 classicum

    classĭcum, i, v. classicus, II. B. 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > classicum

  • 3 classici

    classĭcus, a, um, adj. [classis], of or belonging to a classis.
    I.
    To a class or division of the Roman people; only transf., belonging to the first class, of the highest class: classici dicebantur non omnes qui in quinque classibus erant, sed primi tantum classis homines (opp. classem, infra), Cat. ap. Gell. 6 (7), 13, 1; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 113, 12:

    testes classici,

    id. ib. p. 56, 15.—
    B.
    Trop., of the highest rank, classical, superior, standard:

    classicus adsiduusque aliquis scriptor, non proletarius,

    Gell. 19, 8, 15.—
    C.
    Subst.: classĭcus, i, m., he that summons the classes of citizens to the Comitia: in Arce classicus oanat tum circumque moeros, Comment. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 92 Müll.—
    II.
    To the military and naval forces (v. infra; and cf. classis, I. B.), but in use only in the sense of or belonging to the fleet:

    classicos milites,

    Liv. 21, 61, 2; 26, 48, 12:

    bella,

    naval, Prop. 2, 1, 28:

    certamen,

    Vell. 2, 85, 2:

    corona = navalis,

    id. 2, 81, 2.—Hence,
    B.
    Subst.
    1.
    classĭcum, i, n., a field or battle-signal upon the trumpet:

    classicum cecinit,

    Liv. 28, 27, 15:

    classicum canere jubet,

    Tac. A. 2, 32; cf.:

    classicum cani jubet,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 82:

    classico ad contionem convocat,

    Liv. 7, 36, 9:

    cum silentium classico fecisset,

    id. 2, 45, 12:

    classica sonant,

    Verg. A. 7, 637:

    neque excitatur classico miles truci,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 5; Suet. Caes. 32; id. Vit. 11; Quint. 2, 11, 4; Luc. 4, 186 al.—

    Since only the leader commanded it to be given: classicum praetorium (al. praeconium),

    Prop. 3 (4), 3, 41; cf. Caes. l. l.; Liv. 28, 27, 15; Veg. Mil. 2, 22.—
    2.
    Meton., the war-trumpet:

    necdum etiam audierant inflari classica,

    Verg. G. 2, 539; Tib. 1, 1, 4. —
    3.
    Subst.: classĭci, ōrum, m., marines, Tac. H. 1, 36; 2, 11; 2, 17; 2, 22; 2, 67; 3, 55.—Also mariners, seamen, Curt. 4, 3, 18.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > classici

  • 4 classicus

    classĭcus, a, um, adj. [classis], of or belonging to a classis.
    I.
    To a class or division of the Roman people; only transf., belonging to the first class, of the highest class: classici dicebantur non omnes qui in quinque classibus erant, sed primi tantum classis homines (opp. classem, infra), Cat. ap. Gell. 6 (7), 13, 1; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 113, 12:

    testes classici,

    id. ib. p. 56, 15.—
    B.
    Trop., of the highest rank, classical, superior, standard:

    classicus adsiduusque aliquis scriptor, non proletarius,

    Gell. 19, 8, 15.—
    C.
    Subst.: classĭcus, i, m., he that summons the classes of citizens to the Comitia: in Arce classicus oanat tum circumque moeros, Comment. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 92 Müll.—
    II.
    To the military and naval forces (v. infra; and cf. classis, I. B.), but in use only in the sense of or belonging to the fleet:

    classicos milites,

    Liv. 21, 61, 2; 26, 48, 12:

    bella,

    naval, Prop. 2, 1, 28:

    certamen,

    Vell. 2, 85, 2:

    corona = navalis,

    id. 2, 81, 2.—Hence,
    B.
    Subst.
    1.
    classĭcum, i, n., a field or battle-signal upon the trumpet:

    classicum cecinit,

    Liv. 28, 27, 15:

    classicum canere jubet,

    Tac. A. 2, 32; cf.:

    classicum cani jubet,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 82:

    classico ad contionem convocat,

    Liv. 7, 36, 9:

    cum silentium classico fecisset,

    id. 2, 45, 12:

    classica sonant,

    Verg. A. 7, 637:

    neque excitatur classico miles truci,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 5; Suet. Caes. 32; id. Vit. 11; Quint. 2, 11, 4; Luc. 4, 186 al.—

    Since only the leader commanded it to be given: classicum praetorium (al. praeconium),

    Prop. 3 (4), 3, 41; cf. Caes. l. l.; Liv. 28, 27, 15; Veg. Mil. 2, 22.—
    2.
    Meton., the war-trumpet:

    necdum etiam audierant inflari classica,

    Verg. G. 2, 539; Tib. 1, 1, 4. —
    3.
    Subst.: classĭci, ōrum, m., marines, Tac. H. 1, 36; 2, 11; 2, 17; 2, 22; 2, 67; 3, 55.—Also mariners, seamen, Curt. 4, 3, 18.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > classicus

  • 5 cano

    căno, cĕcĭni, cantum (ancient imp. cante = canite, Carm. Sal. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 37 Müll.; fut. perf. canerit = cecinerit, Lib. Augur. ap. Fest. s. v. rumentum, p. 270 ib.; perf. canui = cecini, acc. to Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 384, predominant in concino, occino, etc.—Examples of sup. cantum and part. cantus, canturus, a, um, appear not to be in use; the trace of an earlier use is found in Paul. ex Fest. p. 46 Müll.: canta pro cantata ponebant;

    once canituri,

    Vulg. Apoc. 8, 13), 3, v. n. and a. [cf. kanassô, kanachê, konabos; Germ. Hahn; Engl. chanticleer; kuknos, ciconice; Sanscr. kōkas = duck; Engl. cock], orig. v. n., to produce melodious sounds, whether of men or animals; later, with a designation of the subject-matter of the melody, as v. a., to make something the subject of one ' s singing or playing, to sing of, to celebrate, or make known in song, etc.
    I. A.
    Of men:

    si absurde canat,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12; Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 9:

    celebrare dapes canendo,

    Ov. M. 5, 113:

    si velim canere vel voce vel fidibus,

    Cic. Div. 2, 59, 122; Quint. 5, 11, 124; 1, 8, 2; Gell. 19, 9, 3:

    quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere non possit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 83, 338; cf.:

    tibia canentum,

    Lucr. 4, 587; 5, 1384; Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; Quint. 1, 10, 14:

    curvo calamo,

    Cat. 63, 22:

    harundine,

    Ov. M. 1, 683; Suet. Caes. 32:

    cithara,

    Tac. A. 14, 14:

    lituus quo canitur,

    Cic. Div. 1, 17, 30; Verg. E. 2, 31:

    movit Amphion lapides canendo,

    Hor. C. 3, 11, 2; Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 417 al.; Cic. Brut. 50, 187.—
    2.
    Of the faulty delivery of an orator, to speak in a sing-song tone:

    inclinată ululantique voce more Asiatico canere,

    Cic. Or. 8, 27; cf. canto and canticum.—
    B.
    Of animals (usu. of birds, but also of frogs), Varr. L. L. 5, § 76 Müll.:

    volucres nullă dulcius arte canant,

    Prop. 1, 2, 14; Cic. Div. 1, 7, 12:

    merula canit aestate, hieme balbutit,

    Plin. 10, 29, 42, § 80; 10, 32, 47, § 89:

    ranae alio translatae canunt,

    id. 8, 58, 83, § 227.—Of the raven, Cic. Div. 1, 7, 12.—Esp., of the crowing of a cock:

    galli victi silere solent, canere victores,

    to crow, Cic. Div. 2, 26, 56; v. the whole section; id. ib. 2, 26, 56, § 57; Col. 8, 2, 11; Plin. 10, 21, 24, § 49 (cf. also cantus):

    gallina cecinit, interdixit hariolus (the crowing of a hen being considered as an auspicium malum),

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 27.—

    In the lang. of the Pythagoreans, of the heavenly bodies (considered as living beings),

    the music of the spheres, Cic. N. D. 3, 11, 27.—
    C.
    Transf., of the instruments by which, or ( poet.) of the places in which, the sounds are produced, to sound, resound:

    canentes tibiae,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22:

    maestae cecinere tubae,

    Prop. 4 (5), 11, 9:

    frondiferasque novis avibus canere undique silvas,

    and the leafy forest everywhere resounds with young birds, Lucr. 1, 256; Auct. Aetn. 295.
    II. A.
    With carmen, cantilenam, versus, verba, etc., to sing, play, rehearse, recite:

    cum Simonides cecinisset, id carmen, quod in Scopam scripsisset,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 352:

    carmina quae in epulis canuntur,

    id. Brut. 18, 71:

    in eum (Cossum) milites carmina incondita aequantes eum Romulo canere,

    Liv. 4, 20, 2:

    Ascraeum cano carmen,

    Verg. G. 2, 176; Suet. Caes. 49; Curt. 5, 1, 22: canere versus, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 36 Müll. (Ann. v. 222 Vahl.); Cic. Or. 51, 171; id. Brut. 18, 71:

    neniam,

    Suet. Aug. 100: idyllia erôtika, Gell. 19, 9, 4, § 10:

    verba ad certos modos,

    Ov. F. 3, 388:

    Phrygium,

    Quint. 1, 10, 33 Spald.—The homog. noun is rarely made the subject of the act. voice:

    cum in ejus conviviis symphonia caneret,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 105.—
    2.
    Prov.
    a.
    Carmen intus canere, to sing for one ' s self, i. e. to consult only one ' s own advantage, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 20, § 53; id. Agr. 2, 26, 68; v. Aspendius.—
    b.
    Cantilenam eandem canis, like the Gr. to auto adeis asma, ever the old tune, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 10; v. cantilena.—
    B.
    With definite objects.
    a.
    In gen., to sing, to cause to resound, to celebrate in song, to sing of, Lucr. 5, 328:

    laudes mortui,

    Varr. L. L. 7, § 70 Müll.:

    canere ad tibiam clarorum virorum laudes atque virtutes,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 3; Quint. 1, 10, 10; 1, 10, 31; Liv. 45, 38, 12:

    puellis carmine modulato laudes virtutum ejus canentibus,

    Suet. Calig. 16 fin.:

    dei laudes,

    Lact. 6, 21, 9:

    deorum laudes,

    Val. Max. 1, 8, ext. 8.—So with de:

    canere ad tibicinem de clarorum hominum virtutibus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 3 (cf. cantito):

    praecepta,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 11:

    jam canit effectos extremus vinitor antes,

    Verg. G. 2, 417 Wagn. N. cr.:

    nil dignum sermone,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 4:

    quin etiam canet indoctum,

    id. Ep. 2, 2, 9:

    grandia elate, jucunda dulciter, moderata leniter canit,

    Quint. 1, 10, 24; Cat. 63, 11:

    Io! magna voce, Triumphe, canet,

    Tib. 2, 5, 118; Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 52; cf. Hor. C. 4, 2, 47:

    haec super arvorum cultu pecorumque canebam,

    Verg. G. 4, 559 Wagn.: et veterem in limo ranae cecinere querelam, croaked (according to the ancient pronunciation, kekinere kuerelam, an imitation of the Aristophanic Brekekekex; v. the letter C), id. ib. 1, 378; Lucr. 2, 601:

    anser Gallos adesse canebat,

    Verg. A. 8, 656:

    motibus astrorum nunc quae sit causa, canamus,

    Lucr. 5, 510:

    sunt tempestates et fulmina clara canenda,

    id. 6, 84.—
    b.
    With pers. objects ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    canitur adhuc barbaras apud gentes (Arminius),

    Tac. A. 2, 88:

    Herculem... ituri in proelia canunt,

    id. G. 2:

    Dianam,

    Cat. 34, 3:

    deos regesve,

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 13:

    Liberum et Musas Veneremque,

    id. ib. 1, 32, 10:

    rite Latonae puerum,

    id. ib. 4, 6, 37;

    1, 10, 5: plectro graviore Gigantas, Ov M. 10, 150: reges et proelia,

    Verg. E. 6, 3; Hor. C. 4, 15, 32:

    arma virumque,

    Verg. A. 1, 1:

    pugnasque virosque,

    Stat. Th. 8, 553:

    maxima bella et clarissimos duces,

    Quint. 10, 1, 62.—Very rarely, to celebrate, without reference to song or poetry:

    Epicurus in quădam epistulă amicitiam tuam et Metrodori grata commemoratione cecinerat,

    Sen. Ep. 79, 13.—Esp. of fame, to trumpet abroad:

    fama facta atque infecta canit,

    Verg. A. 4, 190:

    fama digna atque indigna canit,

    Val. Fl. 217 al. —And prov., to sing or preach to the deaf:

    non canimus surdis,

    Verg. E. 10, 8: praeceptorum, quae vereor ne vana surdis auribus cecinerim. Liv. 40, 8, 10.—
    C.
    Since the responses of oracles were given in verse, to prophesy, foretell, predict.
    a.
    In poetry:

    Sibylla, Abdita quae senis fata canit pedibus,

    Tib. 2, 5, 16; cf.:

    horrendas ambages,

    Verg. A. 6. 99; 3, [p. 280] 444:

    fera fata,

    Hor. C. 1, 15, 4; cf. id. Epod. 13, 11; id. S. 2, 5, 58; Tib. 1, 7, 1; cf. id. 3, 3, 36; 1, 6, 50; Hor. C. S. 25:

    et mihi jam multi crudele canebant Artificis scelus,

    Verg. A. 2, 124; Hor. S. 1, 9, 30.—
    b.
    In prose:

    ut haec quae nunc fiunt, canere di inmortales viderentur,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 18:

    non haec a me tum tamquam fata... canebantur?

    id. Sest. 21, 47:

    eum, qui ex Thetide natus esset, majorem patre suo futurum cecinisse dicuntur oracula,

    Quint. 3, 7, 11; Just. 11, 7, 4; 7, 6, 1; Tac. A. 2, 54; id. H. 4, 54:

    cecinere vates, idque carmen pervenerat ad antistitem fani Dianae,

    Liv. 1, 45, 5; 5, 15, 4 sq.; 1, 7, 10; Tac. A. 14, 32; Liv. 30, 28, 2; cf. Nep. Att. 16, 4; cf.

    of philosophers, etc.: ipsa memor praecepta Canam,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 11 Orell. ad loc.; cf.:

    quaeque diu latuere, canam,

    Ov. M. 15, 147.
    III.
    In milit. lang., t. t., both act. and neutr., of signals, to blow, to sound, to give; or to be sounded, resound.
    A.
    Act.:

    bellicum (lit. and trop.) canere, v. bellicus: classicum, v. classicus: signa canere jubet,

    to give the signal for battle, Sall. C. 59, 1; id. J. 99, 1:

    Pompeius classicum apud eum (sc. Scipionem) cani jubet,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 82.— Absol. without signum, etc.: tubicen canere coepit, Auct. B. Afr. 82; cf. Flor. 4, 2, 66.—
    B.
    Neutr.:

    priusquam signa canerent,

    Liv. 1, 1, 7:

    ut attendant, semel bisne signum canat in castris,

    id. 27, 47, 3 and 5; 23, 16, 12;

    24, 46 (twice): repente a tergo signa canere,

    Sall. J. 94, 5; Liv. 7, 40, 10; Verg. A. 10, 310; Flor. 3, 18, 10:

    classicum apud eos cecinit,

    Liv. 28, 27, 15.—
    2.
    Receptui canere, to sound a retreat:

    Hasdrubal receptui propere cecinit (i. e. cani jussit),

    Liv. 27, 47, 2; Tac. H. 2, 26.— Poet.:

    cecinit jussos receptus,

    Ov. M. 1, 340.—And in Livy impers.:

    nisi receptui cecinisset,

    if it had not sounded a counter-march, Liv. 26, 44, 4:

    ut referrent pedem, si receptui cecinisset,

    id. 3, 22, 6.—
    b.
    Trop.:

    revocante et receptui canente senatu,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 3, 8:

    ratio abstrahit ab acerbis cogitationibus a quibus cum cecinit receptui,

    id. Tusc. 3, 15, 33:

    antequam (orator) in has aetatis (sc. senectutis) veniat insidias, receptui canet,

    Quint. 12, 11, 4.
    ► Examples for the signif.
    to practice magic, to charm, etc., found in the derivv. cantus, canto, etc., are entirely wanting in this verb.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cano

  • 6 canō

        canō cecinī, —, ere (P. perf. supplied by canto)    [1 CAN-].    I. Intrans, to utter melodious notes, make music, sing, sound, play.—Of men: celebrare dapes canendo, O.: tibicen sine tibiis canere non possit: harundine, O.: imitari Pana canendo, V.: Movit Amphion lapides canendo, H.: ad tibicinem de virtutibus, etc.: ululanti voce more Asiatic<*> canere, to chant, use sing-song.—Prov.: non canimus surdis, preach to the deaf, V.—Of birds, etc.: galli victi silere solent, canere victores, to crow: gallina cecinit, interdixit hariolus (a bad omen), T.—Of the owl, to hoot, V.—Meton., of instruments or a piece of music, to sound, resound, be played: canentes tibiae: cum in conviviis symphonia caneret: maestae tubae, Pr.—Of signals, to sound, be sounded, resound: semel bisne signum canat in castris, L.: repente a tergo signa canere, S.: Signa canunt, V.: classicum apud eos cecinit, L.: receptui canere, to sound a retreat, Cs.: Hasdrubal receptui propere cecinit, L.: nisi receptui cecinisset, sounded a counter-march, L.—Fig.: revocante et receptui canente senatu.—    II. Trans. with cognate acc., to sing, play, rehearse, recite, compose: id carmen: in eum carmina incondita, L.: versūs: verba ad certos modos, O.: praecepta, H.: indoctum, H.: Haec super arvorum cultu, V. — Of frogs: veterem querellam, croaked, V. — Prov.: Cantilenam eandem canis, ever the old tune, T.—With definite obj, to sing, celebrate in song, sing of, praise: virorum laudes: suas laudes, L.: reges et proelia, V.: Quas strages Turnus Ediderit, V.: Herculem, Ta.: Liberum et Musas, H.: plectro graviore Gigantas, O.: arma virumque, V.: (fama) facta atque infecta canit, trumpets, V.—Prov.: vana surdis auribus, L.—Of oracles or diviners, to give response (in verse), prophesy, foretell, predict, utter: horrendas ambages, V.: fera fata, H.: Artificis scelus, V.: haec quae nunc fiunt: Sibylla quae senis fata canit pedibus, Tb.: te mater aucturum caelestium numerum cecinit, L.: quae nunc usu veniunt, N.: Hoc signum cecinit missuram creatrix (sc. se), V.: quaeque diu latuere, O.: cecinere vates, idque carmen pervenerat, etc., L. — Of signals, to blow, sound, give: tubicines signa canere, give the signal for battle, S.: classicum apud eum cani iubet, Cs.: bellicum, call to arms: Gallos adesse, signalled, V.—Poet.: (bucina) cecinit iussos receptūs, O.
    * * *
    I
    canere, cani, canitus V
    sing, celebrate, chant; crow; recite; play (music)/sound (horn); foretell
    II
    canere, cecini, cantus V
    sing, celebrate, chant; crow; recite; play (music)/sound (horn); foretell

    Latin-English dictionary > canō

  • 7 classicus

        classicus adj.    [classis], of the fleet, of the navy: milites, marines, L.: bella, naval, Pr.: legio, Ta.— Plur m. as subst, marines, Ta.
    * * *
    I
    classica, classicum ADJ
    of/connected with fleet/sailors; belonging to a/highest citizen class
    II
    trumpeter (who summoned comitia centuriata); sailors (pl.), marines

    Latin-English dictionary > classicus

  • 8 certamen

    certāmen, ĭnis, n. [id.], a contest, struggle, strife, whether friendly or hostile, physical or intellectual; most freq. of a pugilistic contest of any kind; but also of contention in war.
    I.
    A contest, struggle in games or otherwise.
    A.
    Lit.:

    videmusne apud quos eorum ludorum, qui gymnici nominantur, magnus honos sit, nullum ab iis, qui in id certamen descendant, devitari dolorem?

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 62; cf. id. de Or. 2, 78, 317:

    Hac celebrata tenus sancto certamina patri,

    Verg. A. 5, 603; cf. Ov. M. 1, 446:

    luctandi,

    Quint. 12, 2, 12:

    saliendi,

    id. 10, 3, 6:

    citharoedorum,

    id. 4, 1, 2:

    sacra,

    id. 2, 8, 7 Spald.:

    quinquennale triplex, musicum, gymnicum, equestre,

    Suet. Ner. 12; cf. id. Vit. 4; id. Dom. 4:

    bijugum,

    Verg. A. 5, 144:

    quadrigarum,

    Suet. Claud. 21:

    pedum,

    Ov. M. 12, 304:

    cursus,

    id. ib. 7, 792;

    10, 560: disci,

    id. ib. 10, 177:

    Veneris,

    id. Am. 2, 10, 29 et saep.—
    2.
    Meton., poet., the object contended for, the prize, Ov. M. 13, 129:

    pecoris magistris Velocis jaculi certamina ponit in ulmo,

    Verg. G. 2, 530 Heyne.—
    B.
    Trop., a rivalry, contest, struggle, emulation, etc.:

    certamen honestum (Stoicorum et Peripateticorum),

    Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 68:

    est mihi tecum pro aris et focis certamen,

    id. N. D. 3, 40, 94:

    est alicui certamen cum aliquo de principatu,

    Nep. Them. 6, 3: certamen honoris et gloriae. Cic. Lael. 10, 34; cf. id. Off. 1, 12, 38; Sall. J. 41, 2; Quint. 10, 5, 5:

    bona ratio cum perditā confligit. In ejus modi certamine ac proelio,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 25:

    pugna forensium certaminum,

    id. 5, 12, 22:

    eloquentiae inter juvenes,

    Quint. 2, 17, 8:

    verborum linguaeque,

    Liv. 10, 22, 6:

    laboris ac periculi,

    id. 28, 19, 14:

    amicitiae, benevolentiae,

    id. 37, 53, 7:

    bonae artis ac virtutis,

    id. 37, 54, 19:

    irarum,

    id. 1, 7, 2; cf. id. 3, 39, 3:

    conferendi (pecuniam),

    id. 4, 60, 8:

    patrum animos certamen regni ac cupido versabat,

    id. 1, 17, 1; cf. id. 21, 31, 6:

    leti (inter mulieres Indas),

    Prop. 3 (4), 13, 19:

    diu magnum inter mortales certamen fuit, vine corporis an virtute animi, etc.,

    Sall. C. 1, 5; cf. Tib. 4, 1, 37.—Rarely with gen. of adversary:

    si in virtutis certamen venerint ( = cum virtute),

    Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 71 Madv. ad loc.— Poet.:

    mite vini,

    a drinking bout, Tib. 3, 6, 11.—Also poet.: certamina ponere, syn. with certamina instituere = agôna protithenai, to order, arrange a fight or contest, Verg. A. 5, 66; 8, 639; cf. id. G. 2, 530 Wagn.—Of inanimate things:

    Arboribusque datumst variis exinde per auras Crescendi magnum inmissis certamen habenis,

    Lucr. 5, 787.—
    II. A.
    Subject. (diff. from the objective; cf.:

    proeliam, pugna, bellum, etc.): horrida Romuleum certamina pango duellum,

    Enn. Ann. 1, 1; 1, 476; 2, 6; 5, 1295; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2; Lucr. 4, 844; Ov. M. 12, 180; Liv. 36, 19, 13:

    aeterno certamine proelia pugnasque edere,

    Lucr. 2, 117:

    fit proelium acri certamine,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 28; cf.:

    proelii certamen,

    id. B. Alex. 16:

    certamine,

    with zeal, emulously, earnestly, Verg. A. 5, 197; Curt. [p. 320] 9, 4; Sil. 10, 536; cf.:

    nec magni certaminis ea dimicatio fuit,

    not severe, Liv. 21, 60, 7. —
    B.
    Object., = proelium, pugna, etc.:

    vario certamine pugnatum est,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 46:

    erat in celeritate omne positum certamen, utri, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 70:

    bella atque certamina,

    Sall. C. 33, 5:

    ubi res ad certamen venit,

    id. J. 13, 4:

    in certamine ipso,

    Liv. 2, 44, 11:

    navalia,

    a naval engagement, sea-fight, id. 31, 14, 4:

    classicum,

    Vell. 2, 85, 2:

    saevit medio in certamine Mavors,

    Verg. A. 8, 700 et saep.—Hence.
    C.
    In the postAug. histt. for war in gen., Flor. 1, 20; Eutr. 1, 16; Just. 7, 2, 6; 7, 6, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > certamen

  • 9 Circa

    1.
    circā, a later access. form for circum; not freq. before the Aug. per., esp. in Livy and Quintilian [acc. to Klotz, circa = circum ea; cf: antea, interea, postea, praeterea, etc.].
    I.
    Adv.
    A.
    ( = circum, I. B.) Around, round about, all around, in the environs or neighborhood:

    gramen erat circa,

    Ov. M. 3, 411:

    ripaeque lacusque Responsant circa,

    Verg. A. 12, 757:

    at circa gravibus pensis affixa puella... remittat opus,

    Tib. 1, 3, 87:

    circaque quā tumor est,

    Cels. 5, 28, 3; 5, 28, 4: fluvius ab tergo; ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat, Liv. 27, 18, 5; 28, 33, 2:

    circa Padus amnis,

    id. 21, 43, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    caligo, quam circa umidi effuderant montes,

    Curt. 4, 12, 20:

    alibi quam Romao circaque,

    Plin. 26, 1, 1, § 1; Quint. 12, prooem. § 2; Tac. A. 2, 11.—
    B.
    Circa esse, to be in the region around, in the neighborhood:

    ex montibus qui circa sunt,

    Liv. 1, 4, 6:

    Tarquinium moribundum cum qui circa erant excepissent,

    id. 1, 41, 1:

    sed non passi sunt ii, qui circa erant,

    Nep. Eum. 10, 4:

    eversa est turris quodque circa muri erat,

    Liv. 34, 29, 6:

    Corinthus et quae circa est regio,

    Plin. 24, 9, 42, § 69; Quint. 10, 7, 16. —Also freq. without esse, in connection with a subst.:

    multarum circa civitatum irritatis animis,

    the towns lying around, Liv. 1, 17, 4; 9, 2, 1; 27, 30, 3; 29, 29, 2;

    42, 64, 2: angulus muri erat in planiorem patentioremque quam cetera circa vallem vergens ( = cetera loca quae circa erant),

    id. 21, 7, 5:

    corpora multa virūm circa,

    Verg. A. 7, 535; Plin. 3, 17, 21, § 124.—
    C.
    Strengthened: undique circa and circa omnis ( = circum), round about, all around: frumento undique circa ex agris convecto. Liv. 42, 56, 8; 23, 19, 8;

    nam et circa omnia defecerunt,

    id. 9, 23, 10:

    cum tam procul Romani unica spes, circa omnia hostium essent,

    id. 21, 11, 12; cf. id. 9, 2, 7 Drak.:

    exhausto circa omni agro,

    id. 31, 38, 1; 24, 3, 3; Val. Fl. 8, 2; Flor. 1, 18, 12 Duker; Quint. 9, 2, 45.—
    II.
    Prep. with acc.
    A.
    In space.
    1.
    ( = circum, II. B.) Prop., in the region which surrounds, about, around, on the sides of:

    quam (Hennam) circa lacus lucique sunt plurimi atque laetissimi flores omni tempore anni,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107:

    noctu ligna contulerunt circa casam eam, in quā quiescebat,

    Nep. Alcib. 10, 4:

    circa flumina et lacus frequens nebula est,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 3, 1:

    circa equum Alexandri,

    Curt. 4, 15, 26:

    illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 10; id. S. 2, 6, 34:

    quem circa tigres jacent,

    Ov. M. 3, 668.—
    2.
    ( = circum, II. C.) Into... around, to... round about, etc. (first in Livy):

    Romulus legatos circa vicinas gentes misit,

    Liv. 1, 9, 2:

    legatis circa duodecim populos missis,

    id. 4, 23, 5; 28, 26, 11:

    circa domos ire,

    id. 26, 13, 1; 25, 9, 2; 39, 18, 2;

    29, 22, 3: circa civitates missi legati,

    id. 21, 49, 7 Weissenb.; 31, 3, 5; Plin. 7, 37, 37, § 123; Suet. Aug. 49; id. Ner. 28:

    litteris circa praefectos dimissis,

    Liv. 42, 51, 1:

    custodes circa omnes portas missi,

    id. 28, 26, 11; 26, 13, 1.—
    3.
    ( = circum, II. D.) With the prevailing idea of neighborhood, vicinity, in the region of, near to, near by:

    Capuam et urbis circa Capuam occupare,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 7, 22:

    circa Liternum posuit castra,

    in the neighborhood of, Liv. 23, 35, 6:

    tabernae erant circa forum,

    Quint. 6, 3, 38:

    circa Armeniae montes,

    Curt. 5, 1, 13:

    Acesinen amnem,

    Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23:

    domum auream,

    Suet. Ner. 38:

    sacrificantem,

    id. Claud. 36.—
    b.
    As a less definite designation of place for in:

    Orestis liberi sedem cepere circa Lesbum insulam,

    Vell. 1, 2, 5:

    circa Mesopotamiam subsistere,

    Curt. 4, 9, 1:

    quod circa Syriam nascitur,

    Plin. 19, 3, 16, § 46;

    Quint. prooem. § 20: initia statim primi libri,

    id. 1, 5, 44; cf.

    finem,

    id. 4, 3, 5:

    virentes campos,

    Hor. C. 2, 5, 5:

    cum amor saeviet circa jecur,

    id. ib. 1, 25, 15 (cf. Petr. 17, 8:

    dolor saevit in praecordiis). So esp. freq. in medic. lang.: circa faciem, nares, aures, labra,

    Cels. 5, 28, 2; 5, 2, 8.—So in Livy, with names of places, approaching the more general use of later writers, v. infra, C.:

    quadriduum circa rupem consumptum,

    Liv. 21, 37, 3:

    compositis circa Opuntem rebus,

    id. 28, 7, 9:

    iisdem diebus circa Chalcidem Thoas... eandem fortunam habuit,

    id. 35, 37, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.:

    multos circa unam rem ambitus fecerim,

    id. 27, 27, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.—
    4.
    ( = circum, II. E.) In respect to persons who surround one (as attendants, friends, adherents, etc.), around, about:

    multa sibi opus esse, multa canibus (sarcast. for indagatoribus) suis, quos circa se haberet,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48, § 126:

    ex iis trecentos juvenes inermes circa se habebat,

    Liv. 29, 1, 2:

    omnes,

    Suet. Aug. 48; id. Calig. 43:

    circa regem erat et Phrygum turba,

    Curt. 3, 1, 17:

    e spadonibus, qui circa reginam erant,

    id. 4, 10, 25: omne sed officium circa te semper obibat turba tui sexūs, [p. 334] Mart. 1, 91, 3:

    quod omnes circa te similes tui effecisti,

    Plin. Pan. 83, 3.—In the language of the imperial court:

    circa latus alicujus agere,

    to wait on, altend, Dig. 27, 1, 30.—Hence also without a verb: circa aliquem, = hoi peri tina, the attendants, companions of a person:

    omnibus vero circa eum gratuito aut levi fenore obstrictis,

    Suet. Caes. 27; id. Dom. 9; cf. Liv. 21, 49, 7 Drak.—
    B.
    (Peculiar to the form circa). In time, designating nearness, proximity to a definite point of time, about (first in Livy; cf.

    circiter): postero die circa eandem horam in eundem locum rex copias admovit,

    Liv. 42, 57, 10:

    circa eum mensem,

    Plin. 9, 18, 33, § 69:

    lucis ortum,

    Curt. 5, 3, 7:

    lucem,

    Suet. Oth. 11:

    mediam noctem,

    id. Claud. 2:

    vernum aequinoctium,

    Col. 5, 6, 19:

    Kalendas et Idus Octobr.,

    id. 5, 10, 8, 5, 10, 12; 5, 12, 2 al.; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 4; Pall. 2, 4; 2, 7 al.—With definite numbers:

    septimum diem,

    Cels. 2, 6:

    undecimam horam,

    Suet. Caes. 88:

    lustra decem,

    Hor. C. 4, 1, 6; Scrib. 227.—With general designations of time:

    tempora illa,

    Quint. 11, 3, 143:

    tempora Peloponnesia,

    id. 12, 10, 4:

    Murenae Cepionisque conjurationis tempus,

    Vell. 2, 93, 1:

    Magni Pompeii aetatem,

    Plin. 33, 12, 55, § 156:

    mortem,

    id. 11, 37, 73, § 189:

    initia imperii,

    Suet. Claud. 7.—And in the designation of periods of time by persons who belonged to them (cf. ante):

    circa Demetrium Phalerea,

    about the time of Demetrius Phalereus, Quint. 2, 4, 41 Spald.:

    Tisiam et Coraca,

    id. 2, 17, 7:

    Philippum,

    id. 12, 10, 6:

    Ciceronem,

    Sen. Contr. 1 praef.:

    Attium,

    Vell. 1, 17, 1.—
    2.
    In numerical designations, about, nearly, almost (first in Livy for the usual ad or circiter):

    ea fuere oppida circa septuaginta,

    Liv. 45, 34, 6:

    quingentos Romanorum,

    id. 27, 42, 8:

    decem milia Persarum,

    Curt. 4, 6, 30:

    sestertium vicies,

    Suet. Claud. 6:

    quartum milliarium,

    id. Ner. 48:

    selibram,

    Cels. 4, 19:

    singulas heminas,

    id. 7, 15.—
    C.
    (Also peculiar to the form circa, and only in post-Aug. prose; esp. freq. in Quint., occurring more than seventy times.) Trop. for the designation of an object about which, as if it were a centre, any thing moves, is done, etc., around, about, in, in respect to, etc.; depending upon substt., adjj., or verbs.
    1.
    Upon substantives:

    circa eosdem sensus certamen atque aemulatio,

    Quint. 10, 5, 5:

    circa S litteram deliciae,

    id. 1, 11, 6:

    verba dissensio,

    id. 3, 11, 5:

    memoriam suam vanitas atque jactatio,

    id. 11, 2, 22:

    hoc opiniones,

    id. 2, 15, 1;

    Plin 8, 16, 19, § 48: quem pugna est,

    Quint. 8, 6, 1; 7, 1, 15:

    voces inani studio,

    id. 8, prooem §

    18 et saep: rura sermo,

    Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 5:

    classicum brevis et expeditus labor,

    Plin. Ep 3, 9, 13:

    hospitia nullum fastidium,

    id. Pan. 20, 3:

    publica circa bonas artes socordia,

    Tac. A. 11, 15:

    principem novo exemplo, i. e. in principe,

    Suet. Claud. 14.—
    2.
    Upon adjectives:

    non circa plurium artium species praestantem, sed in omnibus eminentissimum,

    Quint. 12, 10, 12:

    jus nostrum attentior,

    id. 4, 5, 21:

    studia mentis erectae,

    id. 1, 3, 10:

    lites raras ridiculi,

    id. 7, 1, 43:

    praecepta utiles sententiae,

    id. 10, 1, 52; 6, 1, 42 al.:

    corporis curam morosior,

    Suet. Caes. 45:

    victum indifferens,

    id. ib. 53:

    deos ac religiones neglegentior,

    id. Tib. 69:

    administrationem imperii vacuus,

    id. Dom. 3 al.:

    summa scelera distentum,

    Tac. A. 16, 8 fin.:

    adfectationem Germanicae originis ultro ambitiosi,

    id. G. 28:

    excessus otiosus,

    id. Or. 22:

    se animati,

    Just. 14, 1, 3 al. —
    3.
    Upon verbs facetum quoque non tantum circa ridicula opinor consistere, Quint. 6, 3, 19:

    hoc disputatum est,

    id. 1, 5, 34:

    priores erratur,

    id. 2, 5, 26:

    formas litterarum haerere,

    id. 1, 1, 21, cf. id. 5, 10, 114; Suet. Aug. 71. res tenues morari, Quint 1, 1, 35:

    consilium elegendi successoris in duas factiones scindebantur,

    Tac. H. 1, 13:

    Medeam, Thyestem (tragoedias) tempus consumas,

    id. Or. 3:

    successorem omnia ordinari,

    Suet. Claud. 45:

    ceremonias, item circa omnium ordinum statum quaedam correxit,

    id. ib. 22.
    ► Circa very rarely follows its case:

    quem circa,

    Cic.
    Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107; Ov. A. A. 2, 577; id..3, 668; cf. circum, II. fin.
    2.
    Circa, ae, v. Circe.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Circa

  • 10 circa

    1.
    circā, a later access. form for circum; not freq. before the Aug. per., esp. in Livy and Quintilian [acc. to Klotz, circa = circum ea; cf: antea, interea, postea, praeterea, etc.].
    I.
    Adv.
    A.
    ( = circum, I. B.) Around, round about, all around, in the environs or neighborhood:

    gramen erat circa,

    Ov. M. 3, 411:

    ripaeque lacusque Responsant circa,

    Verg. A. 12, 757:

    at circa gravibus pensis affixa puella... remittat opus,

    Tib. 1, 3, 87:

    circaque quā tumor est,

    Cels. 5, 28, 3; 5, 28, 4: fluvius ab tergo; ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat, Liv. 27, 18, 5; 28, 33, 2:

    circa Padus amnis,

    id. 21, 43, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    caligo, quam circa umidi effuderant montes,

    Curt. 4, 12, 20:

    alibi quam Romao circaque,

    Plin. 26, 1, 1, § 1; Quint. 12, prooem. § 2; Tac. A. 2, 11.—
    B.
    Circa esse, to be in the region around, in the neighborhood:

    ex montibus qui circa sunt,

    Liv. 1, 4, 6:

    Tarquinium moribundum cum qui circa erant excepissent,

    id. 1, 41, 1:

    sed non passi sunt ii, qui circa erant,

    Nep. Eum. 10, 4:

    eversa est turris quodque circa muri erat,

    Liv. 34, 29, 6:

    Corinthus et quae circa est regio,

    Plin. 24, 9, 42, § 69; Quint. 10, 7, 16. —Also freq. without esse, in connection with a subst.:

    multarum circa civitatum irritatis animis,

    the towns lying around, Liv. 1, 17, 4; 9, 2, 1; 27, 30, 3; 29, 29, 2;

    42, 64, 2: angulus muri erat in planiorem patentioremque quam cetera circa vallem vergens ( = cetera loca quae circa erant),

    id. 21, 7, 5:

    corpora multa virūm circa,

    Verg. A. 7, 535; Plin. 3, 17, 21, § 124.—
    C.
    Strengthened: undique circa and circa omnis ( = circum), round about, all around: frumento undique circa ex agris convecto. Liv. 42, 56, 8; 23, 19, 8;

    nam et circa omnia defecerunt,

    id. 9, 23, 10:

    cum tam procul Romani unica spes, circa omnia hostium essent,

    id. 21, 11, 12; cf. id. 9, 2, 7 Drak.:

    exhausto circa omni agro,

    id. 31, 38, 1; 24, 3, 3; Val. Fl. 8, 2; Flor. 1, 18, 12 Duker; Quint. 9, 2, 45.—
    II.
    Prep. with acc.
    A.
    In space.
    1.
    ( = circum, II. B.) Prop., in the region which surrounds, about, around, on the sides of:

    quam (Hennam) circa lacus lucique sunt plurimi atque laetissimi flores omni tempore anni,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107:

    noctu ligna contulerunt circa casam eam, in quā quiescebat,

    Nep. Alcib. 10, 4:

    circa flumina et lacus frequens nebula est,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 3, 1:

    circa equum Alexandri,

    Curt. 4, 15, 26:

    illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 10; id. S. 2, 6, 34:

    quem circa tigres jacent,

    Ov. M. 3, 668.—
    2.
    ( = circum, II. C.) Into... around, to... round about, etc. (first in Livy):

    Romulus legatos circa vicinas gentes misit,

    Liv. 1, 9, 2:

    legatis circa duodecim populos missis,

    id. 4, 23, 5; 28, 26, 11:

    circa domos ire,

    id. 26, 13, 1; 25, 9, 2; 39, 18, 2;

    29, 22, 3: circa civitates missi legati,

    id. 21, 49, 7 Weissenb.; 31, 3, 5; Plin. 7, 37, 37, § 123; Suet. Aug. 49; id. Ner. 28:

    litteris circa praefectos dimissis,

    Liv. 42, 51, 1:

    custodes circa omnes portas missi,

    id. 28, 26, 11; 26, 13, 1.—
    3.
    ( = circum, II. D.) With the prevailing idea of neighborhood, vicinity, in the region of, near to, near by:

    Capuam et urbis circa Capuam occupare,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 7, 22:

    circa Liternum posuit castra,

    in the neighborhood of, Liv. 23, 35, 6:

    tabernae erant circa forum,

    Quint. 6, 3, 38:

    circa Armeniae montes,

    Curt. 5, 1, 13:

    Acesinen amnem,

    Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23:

    domum auream,

    Suet. Ner. 38:

    sacrificantem,

    id. Claud. 36.—
    b.
    As a less definite designation of place for in:

    Orestis liberi sedem cepere circa Lesbum insulam,

    Vell. 1, 2, 5:

    circa Mesopotamiam subsistere,

    Curt. 4, 9, 1:

    quod circa Syriam nascitur,

    Plin. 19, 3, 16, § 46;

    Quint. prooem. § 20: initia statim primi libri,

    id. 1, 5, 44; cf.

    finem,

    id. 4, 3, 5:

    virentes campos,

    Hor. C. 2, 5, 5:

    cum amor saeviet circa jecur,

    id. ib. 1, 25, 15 (cf. Petr. 17, 8:

    dolor saevit in praecordiis). So esp. freq. in medic. lang.: circa faciem, nares, aures, labra,

    Cels. 5, 28, 2; 5, 2, 8.—So in Livy, with names of places, approaching the more general use of later writers, v. infra, C.:

    quadriduum circa rupem consumptum,

    Liv. 21, 37, 3:

    compositis circa Opuntem rebus,

    id. 28, 7, 9:

    iisdem diebus circa Chalcidem Thoas... eandem fortunam habuit,

    id. 35, 37, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.:

    multos circa unam rem ambitus fecerim,

    id. 27, 27, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.—
    4.
    ( = circum, II. E.) In respect to persons who surround one (as attendants, friends, adherents, etc.), around, about:

    multa sibi opus esse, multa canibus (sarcast. for indagatoribus) suis, quos circa se haberet,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48, § 126:

    ex iis trecentos juvenes inermes circa se habebat,

    Liv. 29, 1, 2:

    omnes,

    Suet. Aug. 48; id. Calig. 43:

    circa regem erat et Phrygum turba,

    Curt. 3, 1, 17:

    e spadonibus, qui circa reginam erant,

    id. 4, 10, 25: omne sed officium circa te semper obibat turba tui sexūs, [p. 334] Mart. 1, 91, 3:

    quod omnes circa te similes tui effecisti,

    Plin. Pan. 83, 3.—In the language of the imperial court:

    circa latus alicujus agere,

    to wait on, altend, Dig. 27, 1, 30.—Hence also without a verb: circa aliquem, = hoi peri tina, the attendants, companions of a person:

    omnibus vero circa eum gratuito aut levi fenore obstrictis,

    Suet. Caes. 27; id. Dom. 9; cf. Liv. 21, 49, 7 Drak.—
    B.
    (Peculiar to the form circa). In time, designating nearness, proximity to a definite point of time, about (first in Livy; cf.

    circiter): postero die circa eandem horam in eundem locum rex copias admovit,

    Liv. 42, 57, 10:

    circa eum mensem,

    Plin. 9, 18, 33, § 69:

    lucis ortum,

    Curt. 5, 3, 7:

    lucem,

    Suet. Oth. 11:

    mediam noctem,

    id. Claud. 2:

    vernum aequinoctium,

    Col. 5, 6, 19:

    Kalendas et Idus Octobr.,

    id. 5, 10, 8, 5, 10, 12; 5, 12, 2 al.; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 4; Pall. 2, 4; 2, 7 al.—With definite numbers:

    septimum diem,

    Cels. 2, 6:

    undecimam horam,

    Suet. Caes. 88:

    lustra decem,

    Hor. C. 4, 1, 6; Scrib. 227.—With general designations of time:

    tempora illa,

    Quint. 11, 3, 143:

    tempora Peloponnesia,

    id. 12, 10, 4:

    Murenae Cepionisque conjurationis tempus,

    Vell. 2, 93, 1:

    Magni Pompeii aetatem,

    Plin. 33, 12, 55, § 156:

    mortem,

    id. 11, 37, 73, § 189:

    initia imperii,

    Suet. Claud. 7.—And in the designation of periods of time by persons who belonged to them (cf. ante):

    circa Demetrium Phalerea,

    about the time of Demetrius Phalereus, Quint. 2, 4, 41 Spald.:

    Tisiam et Coraca,

    id. 2, 17, 7:

    Philippum,

    id. 12, 10, 6:

    Ciceronem,

    Sen. Contr. 1 praef.:

    Attium,

    Vell. 1, 17, 1.—
    2.
    In numerical designations, about, nearly, almost (first in Livy for the usual ad or circiter):

    ea fuere oppida circa septuaginta,

    Liv. 45, 34, 6:

    quingentos Romanorum,

    id. 27, 42, 8:

    decem milia Persarum,

    Curt. 4, 6, 30:

    sestertium vicies,

    Suet. Claud. 6:

    quartum milliarium,

    id. Ner. 48:

    selibram,

    Cels. 4, 19:

    singulas heminas,

    id. 7, 15.—
    C.
    (Also peculiar to the form circa, and only in post-Aug. prose; esp. freq. in Quint., occurring more than seventy times.) Trop. for the designation of an object about which, as if it were a centre, any thing moves, is done, etc., around, about, in, in respect to, etc.; depending upon substt., adjj., or verbs.
    1.
    Upon substantives:

    circa eosdem sensus certamen atque aemulatio,

    Quint. 10, 5, 5:

    circa S litteram deliciae,

    id. 1, 11, 6:

    verba dissensio,

    id. 3, 11, 5:

    memoriam suam vanitas atque jactatio,

    id. 11, 2, 22:

    hoc opiniones,

    id. 2, 15, 1;

    Plin 8, 16, 19, § 48: quem pugna est,

    Quint. 8, 6, 1; 7, 1, 15:

    voces inani studio,

    id. 8, prooem §

    18 et saep: rura sermo,

    Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 5:

    classicum brevis et expeditus labor,

    Plin. Ep 3, 9, 13:

    hospitia nullum fastidium,

    id. Pan. 20, 3:

    publica circa bonas artes socordia,

    Tac. A. 11, 15:

    principem novo exemplo, i. e. in principe,

    Suet. Claud. 14.—
    2.
    Upon adjectives:

    non circa plurium artium species praestantem, sed in omnibus eminentissimum,

    Quint. 12, 10, 12:

    jus nostrum attentior,

    id. 4, 5, 21:

    studia mentis erectae,

    id. 1, 3, 10:

    lites raras ridiculi,

    id. 7, 1, 43:

    praecepta utiles sententiae,

    id. 10, 1, 52; 6, 1, 42 al.:

    corporis curam morosior,

    Suet. Caes. 45:

    victum indifferens,

    id. ib. 53:

    deos ac religiones neglegentior,

    id. Tib. 69:

    administrationem imperii vacuus,

    id. Dom. 3 al.:

    summa scelera distentum,

    Tac. A. 16, 8 fin.:

    adfectationem Germanicae originis ultro ambitiosi,

    id. G. 28:

    excessus otiosus,

    id. Or. 22:

    se animati,

    Just. 14, 1, 3 al. —
    3.
    Upon verbs facetum quoque non tantum circa ridicula opinor consistere, Quint. 6, 3, 19:

    hoc disputatum est,

    id. 1, 5, 34:

    priores erratur,

    id. 2, 5, 26:

    formas litterarum haerere,

    id. 1, 1, 21, cf. id. 5, 10, 114; Suet. Aug. 71. res tenues morari, Quint 1, 1, 35:

    consilium elegendi successoris in duas factiones scindebantur,

    Tac. H. 1, 13:

    Medeam, Thyestem (tragoedias) tempus consumas,

    id. Or. 3:

    successorem omnia ordinari,

    Suet. Claud. 45:

    ceremonias, item circa omnium ordinum statum quaedam correxit,

    id. ib. 22.
    ► Circa very rarely follows its case:

    quem circa,

    Cic.
    Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107; Ov. A. A. 2, 577; id..3, 668; cf. circum, II. fin.
    2.
    Circa, ae, v. Circe.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > circa

  • 11 exordior

    ex-ordĭor, orsus, 4, v. dep. a., to begin a web, to lay the warp, to weave (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    funem longum pedes LXXII.,

    Cato R. R. 135, 4; cf.

    trop.: neque exordiri primum, unde occipias, habes, Neque detexundam ad telam certos terminos,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 7; and:

    pertexe modo, Antoni, quod exorsus es,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 145.—
    II.
    Transf., in gen., to begin, commence, esp. a speech; constr. with the acc., an inf., with ab or absol.
    (α).
    With acc. (so perh. not in Cic.):

    consilia,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 102:

    argutias adversus aliquem,

    id. Bacch. 1, 2, 19:

    facinus,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 71:

    hanc rem facete et callide,

    id. Pers. 4, 1, 7:

    bellum ab causa tam nefanda,

    Liv. 4, 17, 6:

    classicum ingenti spiritu,

    Suet. Caes. 32:

    tragoediam magno impetu,

    id. Aug. 85:

    causam,

    Quint. 4, 1, 2:

    preces,

    Ov. M. 10, 483:

    parricidia et caedes a Claudio,

    Suet. Ner. 33 et saep.—
    (β).
    With inf. (Ciceronian):

    imitabor ergo Aratum, qui magnis de rebus dicere exordiens, a Jove incipiendum putat,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 36:

    tunc dicere exorsus est,

    id. Fin. 1, 8 fin.; cf. id. Div. 2, 49, 101; and Nep. Pelop. 1 fin. —
    (γ).
    With ab (class.):

    aut ab adversarii dicto exordiemur, aut, etc.,

    Auct. Her. 1, 6, 10:

    ab ipsa re,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 79, 320:

    a veritate, a dignitate,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 31.—
    (δ).
    Absol. (class.):

    ancilla hoc pacto exordiri coepit,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 31:

    jubent exordiri ita, ut eum, qui audiat, benevolum nobis faciamus, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 80; so,

    ita, quasi, etc., Quint. prooem. § 4: in hunc modum,

    Tac. A. 3, 50:

    his verbis,

    id. ib. 6, 6:

    clamore,

    Cic. Cael. 15, 38.
    ► exorsus, a, um, in pass. signif., begun, commenced:

    exorsa tela,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 4, 116; Visell. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.; cf.:

    reperiunt ea, quibus ante exorsa et potius detexta prope retexantur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 158.—In the plur. subst.: exorsa, ōrum, n., a beginning, commencement:

    per ambages et longa exorsa aliquem tenere,

    a long preamble, Verg. G. 2, 45:

    sua cuique exorsa laborem Fortunamque ferent,

    beginning, undertaking, id. A. 10, 111 (opp. exitus), Amm. 14, 11, 26.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > exordior

  • 12 exorsa

    ex-ordĭor, orsus, 4, v. dep. a., to begin a web, to lay the warp, to weave (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    funem longum pedes LXXII.,

    Cato R. R. 135, 4; cf.

    trop.: neque exordiri primum, unde occipias, habes, Neque detexundam ad telam certos terminos,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 7; and:

    pertexe modo, Antoni, quod exorsus es,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 145.—
    II.
    Transf., in gen., to begin, commence, esp. a speech; constr. with the acc., an inf., with ab or absol.
    (α).
    With acc. (so perh. not in Cic.):

    consilia,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 102:

    argutias adversus aliquem,

    id. Bacch. 1, 2, 19:

    facinus,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 71:

    hanc rem facete et callide,

    id. Pers. 4, 1, 7:

    bellum ab causa tam nefanda,

    Liv. 4, 17, 6:

    classicum ingenti spiritu,

    Suet. Caes. 32:

    tragoediam magno impetu,

    id. Aug. 85:

    causam,

    Quint. 4, 1, 2:

    preces,

    Ov. M. 10, 483:

    parricidia et caedes a Claudio,

    Suet. Ner. 33 et saep.—
    (β).
    With inf. (Ciceronian):

    imitabor ergo Aratum, qui magnis de rebus dicere exordiens, a Jove incipiendum putat,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 36:

    tunc dicere exorsus est,

    id. Fin. 1, 8 fin.; cf. id. Div. 2, 49, 101; and Nep. Pelop. 1 fin. —
    (γ).
    With ab (class.):

    aut ab adversarii dicto exordiemur, aut, etc.,

    Auct. Her. 1, 6, 10:

    ab ipsa re,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 79, 320:

    a veritate, a dignitate,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 31.—
    (δ).
    Absol. (class.):

    ancilla hoc pacto exordiri coepit,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 31:

    jubent exordiri ita, ut eum, qui audiat, benevolum nobis faciamus, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 80; so,

    ita, quasi, etc., Quint. prooem. § 4: in hunc modum,

    Tac. A. 3, 50:

    his verbis,

    id. ib. 6, 6:

    clamore,

    Cic. Cael. 15, 38.
    ► exorsus, a, um, in pass. signif., begun, commenced:

    exorsa tela,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 4, 116; Visell. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.; cf.:

    reperiunt ea, quibus ante exorsa et potius detexta prope retexantur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 158.—In the plur. subst.: exorsa, ōrum, n., a beginning, commencement:

    per ambages et longa exorsa aliquem tenere,

    a long preamble, Verg. G. 2, 45:

    sua cuique exorsa laborem Fortunamque ferent,

    beginning, undertaking, id. A. 10, 111 (opp. exitus), Amm. 14, 11, 26.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > exorsa

  • 13 persono

    per-sŏno, ŭi, ĭtum, 1 ( perf. personavit, App. M. 5, p. 164, 24: personasse, Prud. steph. 34 praef.), v. n. and a.
    I.
    Neutr.
    A.
    To sound through and through, to resound:

    cum domus cantu et cymbalis personaret,

    Cic. Pis. 10, 22:

    ut cotidiano cantu vocum et nervorum et tibiarum nocturnisque conviviis tota vicinitas personet,

    id. Rosc. Am. 46, 134; id. Phil. 2, 41, 105:

    domus Molossis Personuit canibus,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 114:

    ploratu lamentisque et planctibus tota regia personabat,

    Curt. 10, 5, 7:

    ab aetheris personat axe fragor,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 46:

    tuba,

    Vulg. Judic. 7, 18.—
    B.
    To make a sound on a musical instrument, to sound, play:

    citharā Iopas Personat,

    Verg. A. 1, 741:

    cymbalis,

    Vulg. 1 Par. 16, 5:

    buccinis,

    id. Jos. 6, 13.—
    II.
    Act.
    A.
    To fill with sound or noise, to make resound (class.):

    Cerberus haec regna latratu Personat,

    Verg. A. 6, 417:

    aequora conchā,

    id. ib. 6, 171: aures hujusmodi vocibus, Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 4; so,

    aurem,

    to bawl in one's ear, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 7:

    ille humi prostraverat corpus, gemitu ejulatuque totam personans regiam,

    Curt. 8, 2, 5:

    pulpita socco,

    to play in comedy, Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 314:

    mons choris Aegipanum undique personatur,

    Sol. 24.—
    B.
    To cry out, call aloud (rare but class.):

    illae vero non loquuntur solum, verum etiam personant, huc unius mulieris libidinem esse prolapsam,

    Cic. Cael. 20, 47:

    quas res isti in angulis personant,

    id. Rep. 1, 2, 2:

    totam inde per urbem personat, ut, etc.,

    Val. Fl. 2, 163; Tac.A. 14, 15; Vulg. Jer. 31, 7.—
    C.
    To sound or blow upon an instrument (post-class.):

    personavit classicum,

    gave the signal for attack, App. M. 5, p. 164, 24.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > persono

  • 14 truciter

    trux, ŭcis (abl. usually truci, but truce in Cic. Agr. 2, 25; Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 14), adj. [perh. trux, new, unfermented wine; hence, trop.], wild, rough, hard, harsh, savage, fierce, ferocious, grim, stern (mostly poet.; cf.; truculentus, torvus).
    I.
    Of living beings:

    horridus ac trux tribunus plebis,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 65:

    M. Catonem oratorem non solum gravem sed interdum etiam trucem esse scimus,

    Liv. 34, 5, 6:

    insectator,

    id. 3, 33, 7:

    puer,

    i. e. Achilles, Sen. Troad. 832:

    puellae,

    i. e. Amazons, id. Oedip. 479:

    tyrannus,

    id. Herc. Fur. 937:

    arietes,

    Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 29:

    ferae,

    Tib. 1, 9, 76:

    aper,

    Ov. M. 10, 715:

    taurus,

    id. ib. 7, 111; 8, 297;

    9, 81: Theron,

    id. ib. 3, 211:

    blattae,

    ravaging, Mart. 14, 37, 2 et saep.—
    * (β).
    With inf.:

    trux audere,

    bold, daring, Sil. 13, 220. —
    II.
    Of things concrete and abstract: (testudo) aspectu truci, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 64, 133 (Trag. Rel. v. 3 Rib.):

    oculi (draconis), Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 107: vultus,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 4:

    quemque vocant aliae vultum rigidumque trucemque,

    Ov. H. 4, 73:

    voltu truci,

    Liv. 45, 10, 8:

    faciesque truces oculique minaces,

    Luc. 7, 291:

    pelagus,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 10:

    venti,

    Plin. 2, 36, 36, § 100:

    Eurus, Ov M. 15, 603: classicum,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 5:

    truci cantu,

    Liv. 5, 37, 8:

    sonor,

    Tac. A. 1, 65:

    vox,

    Sil. 1, 67:

    herbae tactu,

    Plin. 22, 6, 7, § 17:

    per lucos vetustā religione truces,

    Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 229:

    animus,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 477:

    sententia,

    Liv. 29, 19, 4:

    genus dicendi trux atque violentum,

    Quint. 11, 1, 3:

    inimicitiae,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 49:

    eloquentia,

    Tac. A. 6, 48:

    oratio,

    id. H 4, 42.— Comp. and sup. given without examples in Rhemn. Palaem. p. 1369 P.— Hence, trŭcĭter, adv., fiercely (late Lat.), Aldh. Laud. Virg. 35.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > truciter

  • 15 trux

    trux, ŭcis (abl. usually truci, but truce in Cic. Agr. 2, 25; Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 14), adj. [perh. trux, new, unfermented wine; hence, trop.], wild, rough, hard, harsh, savage, fierce, ferocious, grim, stern (mostly poet.; cf.; truculentus, torvus).
    I.
    Of living beings:

    horridus ac trux tribunus plebis,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 65:

    M. Catonem oratorem non solum gravem sed interdum etiam trucem esse scimus,

    Liv. 34, 5, 6:

    insectator,

    id. 3, 33, 7:

    puer,

    i. e. Achilles, Sen. Troad. 832:

    puellae,

    i. e. Amazons, id. Oedip. 479:

    tyrannus,

    id. Herc. Fur. 937:

    arietes,

    Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 29:

    ferae,

    Tib. 1, 9, 76:

    aper,

    Ov. M. 10, 715:

    taurus,

    id. ib. 7, 111; 8, 297;

    9, 81: Theron,

    id. ib. 3, 211:

    blattae,

    ravaging, Mart. 14, 37, 2 et saep.—
    * (β).
    With inf.:

    trux audere,

    bold, daring, Sil. 13, 220. —
    II.
    Of things concrete and abstract: (testudo) aspectu truci, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 64, 133 (Trag. Rel. v. 3 Rib.):

    oculi (draconis), Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 107: vultus,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 4:

    quemque vocant aliae vultum rigidumque trucemque,

    Ov. H. 4, 73:

    voltu truci,

    Liv. 45, 10, 8:

    faciesque truces oculique minaces,

    Luc. 7, 291:

    pelagus,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 10:

    venti,

    Plin. 2, 36, 36, § 100:

    Eurus, Ov M. 15, 603: classicum,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 5:

    truci cantu,

    Liv. 5, 37, 8:

    sonor,

    Tac. A. 1, 65:

    vox,

    Sil. 1, 67:

    herbae tactu,

    Plin. 22, 6, 7, § 17:

    per lucos vetustā religione truces,

    Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 229:

    animus,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 477:

    sententia,

    Liv. 29, 19, 4:

    genus dicendi trux atque violentum,

    Quint. 11, 1, 3:

    inimicitiae,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 49:

    eloquentia,

    Tac. A. 6, 48:

    oratio,

    id. H 4, 42.— Comp. and sup. given without examples in Rhemn. Palaem. p. 1369 P.— Hence, trŭcĭter, adv., fiercely (late Lat.), Aldh. Laud. Virg. 35.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > trux

См. также в других словарях:

  • Classĭcum — (röm. Ant.), Signal mit der Tuba, dem Horn etc. für die Armee, anzutreten; es wurde nur in Gegenwart des Imperator gegeben, von dem auch das Commando ausging. Das C. wurde auch gegeben, wenn eine Militärexecution vollzogen wurde …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Classĭcum — (lat.), bei den Römern das Signal, durch welches der Feldherr im Lager die Soldaten zur Versammlung oder zum Ausbruch berufen ließ …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Forum Classicum — ist eine Zeitschrift für die Fächer Latein und Griechisch an Schulen und Universitäten. Sie ist das Organ des Deutschen Altphilologenverbandes (DAV). Die Zeitschrift erscheint vierteljährlich im C.C. Buchner Verlag Hamburg. Ein Einzelheft kostet… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Consortium Classicum — The Consortium Classicum is a German Chamber Orchestra. In the early sixties the clarinetist Dieter Klöcker founded the Consortium Classicum, a German chamber music ensemble to bring back to life rediscovered musical works. These works use only… …   Wikipedia

  • Consortium Classicum — Das Consortium Classicum ist ein deutsches Kammermusikensemble. Es wurde 1966 von dem Klarinettisten Dieter Klöcker mit dem Ziel gegründet, die Kammermusik der Klassik und Frühromantik zu fördern und zu pflegen. Das Ensemble hat seinen Ursprung… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Praemium Classicum Clavarense — Das Praemium Classicum Clavarense ist eine wichtige italienische Auszeichnung, die jährlich in der ligurischen Stadt Chiavari von der Associazione Italiana di Cultura Classica an bedeutende Persönlichkeiten im Bereich der Geisteswissenschaften… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Consortium Classicum — Consortium Classicum  немецкий камерный ансамбль, действующий с 1966 года во главе с кларнетистом Дитером Клёкером и специализирующийся, главным образом, на исполнении музыки XVIII  первой половины XIX веков, то есть эпохи… …   Википедия

  • КЛАССИКУМ —    • Classicum,          назывался сигнал, дававшийся военными музыкальными инструментами к началу комиций по центуриям (comitia centuriata, Varr. l. l. 5, 92) и к началу сражения. Как скоро на палатке полководца (praetorium) развевалось красное… …   Реальный словарь классических древностей

  • Peter Heigl (Sprachwissenschaftler) — Peter Heigl (* 19. Juni 1946 in Bad Aibling) ist ein deutscher Sprachwissenschaftler und Autor. Leben Peter Heigl besuchte das Humanistische Gymnasium in Traunstein und studierte an der Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, schloss mit dem… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • SIGNUM — I. SIGNUM in re Agrimensoria, a meta diversum. Hyginus, Conspiciamus signum, quod est inter B. et A prolatô exiguum per rigores ferramentô, normaliter paucas dictabimus metas. Frontinus in Fragmentis, Dictabimus metas non minus tres etc. Duo… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • glas — [ gla ] n. m. • 1225; lat. médiév. °classum, class. classicum « sonnerie de trompette » ♦ Tintement lent d une cloche d église pour annoncer l agonie, la mort ou les obsèques d un fidèle. Sonner le glas. « Pour qui sonne le glas », titre français …   Encyclopédie Universelle

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»