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1 πόλις
-εως + ἡ N 3 210-667-308-144-247=1576 Gn 4,17(bis); 10,11.12; 11,4city, town Gn 4,17; id. (meton.) Hos 6,8πόλις ἡ ἁγία the Holy City, Jerusalem Neh 11,1*JgsB 8,32 πόλει city corr. πολιᾷ for MT יבהשׂ old age; *DnLXX 11,13 πόλεως of the city corr.? πολλούς (double transl. of the Hebr.) for MT רב great; *Gn 14,5 τῇ πόλει (in) the city-קרית ⋄קריה for MT קריתים (in) Kiriathaim, cpr. Am 2,2; *Jos 7,3 τὴν πόλιν the city-העיר for MT העי Ai, see also Jos 8,18.28; *Jos 19,13 ἐπὶ πόλιν to the city-עירה for MT עתה to Et (toponym); *1 Sm 22,5 πόλει city-עיר for MT יער wood, see also Is 22,8; *2 Kgs 23,16 πόλει city-עיר for MT הר hill, see also 2 Chr 21,11, Is 66,20; *Jer 31(48),34 αἱ πόλεις αὐτῶν their cities-עריהם for MT עד־יהץ as far as Jahaz; *Jer 44(37),4 τῆς πόλεως of the city-העיר for MT העם the people; *Ez 16,7 εἰς πόλεις πόλεων into the great cities-ערים בערי for MT עדיים בעדי with the highest adornment; *Ez 25,9 πόλεως παραθαλασσίας of the city by the sea side-ימה קרית (Aram.) for MT קריתמה Kiriath(ai)m; *Ez 45,5for MT ָיה ְר ֶעnakedness; *Jb 6,10 πόλις city-עיר for MT עוד yet, see also Mi 6,9(10); *Jb 6,20 ἐπὶ πόλεσιν in cities-ערימה for MT עדיה there, see also Mi 7,12Cf. DORIVAL 1994 412.542.566.569; WALTERS 1973, 294 -
2 πόλις
πόλις, εως, ἡ (Hom.+. Gener. a population center in contrast to a relatively uninhabited or rural area. In the Gr-Rom. world the term gener. implied strong political associations, esp. in the sense ‘city-state’).① population center of varying size, city, town, lit. Mt 5:14; Lk 10:8, 10. Pl. Mt 11:20; Lk 5:12; 19:17, 19. ἡ πόλις the city or the town designated in the context Mt 8:33; 21:17f; 26:18; Mk 11:19; 14:13, 16; Lk 4:29a; 7:12ab; J 4:8, 28, 30; Ac 8:9; 14:4; Rv 11:13; B 16:5; AcPl Ha 4, 18; 5, 17. Likew. αἱ πόλεις Ac 16:4. ἡ πόλις the city can also be the capital city, the main city (Mayser II/2 p. 28; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 125) Ac 8:5; cp. Mk 5:14 (s. vs. 1); Lk 8:27 (s. vs. 26). ἡ πόλις ἐκείνη Mt 10:14f; Lk 9:5; 10:12; 18:3; J 4:39; Ac 8:8; Hs 9, 12, 5b. ἡ πόλ. αὕτη Mt 10:23a; Ac 4:27; 18:10; 22:3; Hs 1:3. ἔν τινι πόλει in a certain city Lk 18:2; cp. Hs 9, 12, 5a. εἰς τήνδε τὴν πόλιν Js 4:13 (s. ὅδε 2). πᾶσα πόλις Lk 10:1. αἱ πόλεις πᾶσαι Mt 9:35; Ac 8:40; cp. Mk 6:33.—πόλις (πόλεις) beside κώμη (κῶμαι) Mt 9:35; 10:11; Lk 8:1; 13:22. W. κῶμαι and ἀγροί Mk 6:56. ἡ πόλις καὶ οἱ ἀγροί 5:14; Lk 8:34. W. τόπος 10:1. In contrast to the open plain or the desert, where no cities are found Mt 14:13; Mk 1:45; 2 Cor 11:26; to the interior of a building Ac 12:10.—Used w. the gen.: to denote the region in which it is located πόλ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας Lk 1:26; 4:31. πόλ. Ἰούδα (Ἰούδας 1c) 1:39. Cp. J 4:5; Ac 14:6; 21:39; to denote the inhabitants (Diod S 34 and 35 Fgm. 23 ἡ τῶν Γαλατῶν πόλις; Jos., Ant. 1, 200) ἡ πόλ. Δαμασκηνῶν 2 Cor 11:32. π. Σαμαριτῶν Mt 10:5; Lk 9:52 v.l. Cp. 23:51; Ac 19:35; EpilMosq 4; AcPl Ox 6, 20 (=Aa I 242, 1). αἱ πόλεις τοῦ Ἰσραήλ the cities in which the people of Israel live Mt 10:23b (Ἰσραήλ 2).—Rv 16:19b. ἡ πόλ. αὐτῶν Mt 22:7; Lk 4:29b.—2:39. Also w. the gen. sg. πόλ. Δαυίδ city of David 2:4b, 11; ἡ ἑαυτοῦ πολ. the person’s own town (=ancestral locale; but 2:39 Nazareth = their place of residence) 2:3.—J 1:44. Also ἡ ἰδία πόλ. (s. ἴδιος 1b) Mt 9:1; Lk 2:3 v.l.; Hs 1:2b (in imagery, s. 2 below). Pl. 1 Cl 55:1. The πόλεις ἴδιαι of the Christians Dg 5:2 are those inhabited by them alone; they are contrasted w. πόλεις Ἑλληνίδες Greek cities (cp. SIG 761, 15 [48/47 B.C.]; 909, 2), π. βάρβαροι Dg 5:4.—π. μεγάλαι great cities 1 Cl 6:4; AcPl Ha 2, 25f. In Rv ἡ πόλ. ἡ. μεγάλη (Tat. 19, 1; 29, 1 Rome) is almost always ‘Babylon’ (s. Βαβυλών) 16:19a; 17:18; 18:16, 18f, 21; ἡ πόλις ἡ μεγάλη, Βαβυλὼν ἡ πόλις ἡ ἰσχυρά 18:10. On the other hand ἡ πόλ. ἡ μεγάλη 11:8 is clearly Jerusalem (as SibOr 5, 154; 226). Elsewh. Jerus. is called ἡ πόλ. ἡ ἠγαπημένη 20:9 (cp. ApcSed 8:3 πρῶτον ἠγάπησας … εἰς τὰς πόλεις τὴν Ἰερουσαλήμ); ἡ ἁγία πόλ. Mt 4:5; 27:53; Rv 11:2 (ἅγιος 1aα); πόλ. τοῦ μεγάλου βασιλέως the city of the Great King Mt 5:35 (βασιλεύς 2b). εἰς πόλιν ἄρχουσαν ὀπύσεως in the city that sponsors fornication ApcPt Rainer 4, 1 (Ja. p. 278; s. also ὄπυσις).—The name of the town or city that goes w. πόλις stands either in the epexegetic gen. (Aeschyl. et al.; also Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 8 Jac. πόλιν Σικίμων) πόλεις Σοδόμων καὶ Γομόρρας 2 Pt 2:6 or in the case in which πόλις itself is found, ἐν πόλει Ἰόππῃ Ac 11:5; πόλις Λασαία 27:8. From the construction πόλεως Θυατίρων Ac 16:14 no determination of the nom. of Θυ-can be made: either πόλις Θυατίρων or πόλις Θυάτιρα (B-D-R §167, 3). W. indecl. place names Lk 2:4a, 39. πόλις λεγομένη or καλουμένη w. the name following Mt 2:23; Lk 7:11; 9:10. Cp. J 11:54.—ἀπὸ πόλεως εἰς πόλιν (Aesop, Fab. 228 P./421 H./354 Ch./H-H. 256 μεταβαίνουσιν ἀπὸ πόλεως εἰς πόλιν) Mt 23:34. κατὰ τὴν πόλιν anywhere in the city Ac 24:12. Cp. Lk 8:39 (κατά B1a). κατὰ πόλιν from city to city IRo 9:3; pl. Lk 13:22; in every city (Appian, Bell. Civ. 1. 39 §177) Ac 15:21, 36 (κατὰ πόλιν πᾶσαν); 20:23; Tit 1:5 (Diod S 5, 78, 2 Crete has, indeed, ‘not a few’ cities). Cp. Lk 8:1, 4 (κατά B1d). αἱ ἔξω πόλεις Ac 26:11 (ἔξω 1aβ). αἱ πέριξ πόλεις 5:16 (s. πέριξ). αἱ περὶ αὐτὰς (i.e. Sodom and Gomorrah) πόλεις Jd 7. πρὸ τ. πόλεως (Jos., Bell. 1, 234, Ant. 10, 44) Ac 14:13.② the (heavenly) city = the New Jerusalem (Bousset, Rel.3 283ff; RKnopf, GHeinrici Festschr. 14, 213–19; McQueen, Exp. 9th ser., 2, 1924, 220–26; FDijkema, NThT 15, 1926, 25–43) Hb 11:10, 16 (cp. TestJob 18:8; TestAbr A 2 p. 78, 30 [Stone p. 4] ἀπὸ τῆς μεγάλης πόλεως ἔρχομαι [of Michael]). πόλ. θεοῦ ζῶντος 12:22 (SibOr 5, 250 θεοῦ π. of Jerus.). ἡ μέλλουσα (opp. οὐ … μένουσα πόλις) 13:14. Esp. in Rv: ἡ πόλις ἡ ἁγία Ἰερουσαλὴμ (καινή) 21:2, 10 (CBouma, GereformTT 36, ’36, 91–98). Further vss. 14–16, 18f, 21, 23; 22:14, 19; also 3:12. (Cp. Lucian’s description of the wonder-city in Ver. Hist. 2, 11f: ἡ πόλις πᾶσα χρυσῆ, τὸ τεῖχος σμαράγδινον. πύλαι … ἑπτά, πᾶσαι μονόξυλοι κινναμώμιναι … γῆ ἐλεφαντίνη … ναοὶ βηρύλλου λίθου … βωμοὶ … ἀμεθύστινοι … ποταμὸς μύρου τοῦ καλλίστου … οἶκοι ὑάλινοι … οὐδὲ νὺξ οὐδὲ ἡμέρα.) On the topic s. JMorwood, Aeneas, Augustus, and the Theme of the City: Greece and Rome new ser. 38, ’91, 212–23.—Hs 1:1, 2.③ inhabitants of a city, city abstr. for concrete (X., Cyr. 1, 4, 25; Herodian 3, 2, 7; Jos., Ant. 5, 357) Lk 4:43; Ac 14:21; 16:20 (cp. Jos., Bell. 7, 41; DWhitehead, MusHelv 53/1, ’96, 1–11 [on identification of citizens and place cp. Thu. 2, 2, 1; X., Hell. 2, 2, 9]). πᾶσα ἡ πόλις (Diod S 18, 70, 2; Appian, Numid. 1) Mt 8:34; 21:10 (w. λέγουσα foll.); Ac 13:44; ὅλη ἡ π. (Diod S 10, 3, 2) Mk 1:33; Ac 21:30. πόλις μερισθεῖσα καθʼ ἑαυτῆς Mt 12:25. ἐθριαμβεύετο ὑπὸ τῆς πόλεως (Paul) was derided by the city AcPl Ha 4, 13 (s. θριαμβεύω 5). HConn, Lucan Perspective and the City: Missiology 13, ’85, 409–28 (Lk-Ac contains half of the 160+ occurrences of π. in the NT).—B. 1308. Schmidt, Syn. II 495–507. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
3 Τριπόλει
Τρίπολιςwith three cities: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)Τριπόλεϊ, Τρίπολιςwith three cities: fem dat sg (epic)Τρίπολιςwith three cities: fem dat sg (attic ionic) -
4 δεκαπόλει
δεκάπολιςdistrict with ten cities: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)δεκαπόλεϊ, δεκάπολιςdistrict with ten cities: fem dat sg (epic)δεκάπολιςdistrict with ten cities: fem dat sg (attic ionic) -
5 πενταπόλει
πένταπολιςfem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)πενταπόλεϊ, πένταπολιςfem dat sg (epic)πένταπολιςfem dat sg (attic ionic)πεντάπολιςleague of five cities: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)πενταπόλεϊ, πεντάπολιςleague of five cities: fem dat sg (epic)πεντάπολιςleague of five cities: fem dat sg (attic ionic) -
6 περσεπόλει
περσέπολιςdestroyer of cities: masc /fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)περσεπόλεϊ, περσέπολιςdestroyer of cities: masc /fem dat sg (epic)περσέπολιςdestroyer of cities: masc /fem dat sg (attic ionic) -
7 τριπόλει
τρίπολιςwith three cities: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)τριπόλεϊ, τρίπολιςwith three cities: fem dat sg (epic)τρίπολιςwith three cities: fem dat sg (attic ionic) -
8 Τριπόλεις
Τρίπολιςwith three cities: fem nom /voc pl (attic epic)Τρίπολιςwith three cities: fem nom /acc pl (attic) -
9 περσέπτολι
περσέπολιςdestroyer of cities: masc /fem voc sgπερσέπτολιςdestroyer of cities: fem voc sg -
10 περσέπτολιν
περσέπολιςdestroyer of cities: masc /fem acc sgπερσέπτολιςdestroyer of cities: fem acc sg -
11 περσέπτολις
περσέπολιςdestroyer of cities: masc /fem nom sgπερσέπτολιςdestroyer of cities: fem nom sg -
12 πολιορκητάς
πολιορκητά̱ς, πολιορκητήςtaker of cities: masc acc plπολιορκητά̱ς, πολιορκητήςtaker of cities: masc nom sg (epic doric aeolic) -
13 τριπόλεις
τρίπολιςwith three cities: fem nom /voc pl (attic epic)τρίπολιςwith three cities: fem nom /acc pl (attic) -
14 τρίπολις
1 with three cities τρίπολιν νᾶσον (i. e. Rhodes, with its three cities of Lindos, Kamiros, Ialysos) O. 7.18 -
15 κτίζω
Aἔκτῐσα Od.11.263
, etc.; poet.ἔκτισσα Pi.P.1.62
, A.Pers. 289 (lyr.),κτίσσα Il.20.216
,κτίσα Pi.P.5.89
: [tense] pf.ἔκτῐκα Lyr.Alex.Adesp.1.8
, D.S.7.5, 15.13:— [voice] Med., poet.[tense] aor.ἐκτίσσατο Pi.O.10(11).25
, Fr.1.4 ( ἐκτής- codd.):— [voice] Pass., [tense] fut.κτισθήσομαι Str.Chr.5.38
, D.H.1.56: [tense] aor.ἐκτίσθην Th.1.12
, etc.: [tense] pf.ἔκτισμαι Hdt.4.46
, Hp.Art.45, E.Fr.360.9:— people a country, build houses and cities in it, κτίσσε δὲ Δαρδανίην Il.l.c.; κ. χώρην, νῆσον, Hdt.1.149, 3.49.2 of a city, found, build, Θήβης ἕδος ἔκτισαν Od.l.c., cf. Hdt.1.167, 168, Th.6.4, PCair.Zen. 169 (iii B.C.); :—[voice] Pass., to be founded, Σμύρνην τὴν ἀπὸ Κολοφῶνος κτισθεῖσαν founded by emigrants from Colophon, Hdt.1.16, cf.7.153, 8.62; μήτε ἄστεα μήτε τείχεα ἐκτισμένα no fixed cities or walls, Id.4.46; -ομένη πόλις Phld.Rh.2.155
S.3 κ. ἄλσος plant a grove, Pi.P.5.89; βωμόν set up an altar, Id.O.7.42; ἑορτάν, ἀγῶνα, found, establish it, ib.6.69, 10(11).25 ([voice] Med.); τὸν Κύρνον.. κτίσαι, ἥρων ἐόντα establish his worship, Hdt.1.167;δαῖτάς τινι A.Ch. 484
([voice] Pass.);τάφον τινί S.Ant. 1101
;αἵρεσιν Phld.Rh.1.77
S.;σύνοδον IG22.1343.12
(i B.C.).4 produce, create, bring into being, (lyr.); bring about, τελευτήν ib. 140 (lyr.), cf. Ch. 441 (lyr.); ὁ τὴν φιλίην ἐκτικώς Lyr.Alex.Adesp. l.c.; of painters, δένδρεα.. καὶ ἀνέρας ἠδὲ γυναῖκας Emp.l.c.; ἵπποισι τὸν χαλινὸν κτίσας having invented it, S.OC 715 (lyr.).5 make so and so,ἐλεύθερον κ. τινά A.Ch. 1060
;ἔνθεον κτίσας φρένα Id.Eu.17
, cf. 714;ποτανὰν εἴ σέ τις θεῶν κτίσαι E. Supp. 620
(lyr.), cf. A.Pers. 289 (lyr.). -
16 οἰκέω
οἰκέω, [dialect] Ep. [full] οἰκείω Hes.Th. 330, [dialect] Locr. [full] ϝοικέω IG9(1).334.29 ; [dialect] Aeol. [tense] pres. part.Aοἴκεις Alc.69
; Arg. [ per.] 3sg. [tense] pres. opt. : [tense] impf.ᾤκεον Il.20.218
, al., [dialect] Att. ᾤκουν, [dialect] Ion.οἴκεον Hdt.1.57
: [tense] fut. (lyr.): [tense] aor.ᾤκησα Hdt.1.1
: [tense] pf. :— [voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., [tense] fut. οἰκήσομαι in med. sense, Men.Rh.p.363 S. ; but in pass., v. A. 11: [tense] aor.ᾠκήθην Il.2.668
, etc. ;ᾠκησάμην Aristid.1.103
J.: [tense] pf. ᾤκημαι as [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl. οἰκέαται, v. A.1.2, 3: ([etym.] οἶκος):A trans., inhabit,ὑπωρείας ᾤκεον πολυπίδακος Ἴδης Il.20.218
(elsewh. in Hom. always intr., v. infr. B) ;οἰ. τοῦτον τὸν χῶρον Hdt.1.1
, cf. 175, etc. ;οἰ. δόμους A.Supp. 961
; : metaph., οἰ. αἰῶνα καὶ μοῖραν have, enjoy, E.l.c.:—[voice] Pass., to be inhabited,οἰκέοιτο πόλις Πριάμοιο Il.4.18
;ἐς γῆν.. οἰκουμένην S.Ph. 221
; διὰ τῆς οἰκεομένης through the inhabited country, Hdt.2.32 ;ὁδοιπόρεον ἐς τὴν οἰκεομένην Id.4.110
; τὰς ἄλλας πόλιας οἰκεομένας μηδὲν ἧσσον although inhabited no less than before, Id.1.170 : for ἡ οἰκουμένη, v. sub voce.2 colonize, settle in,τὰς πλείστας τῶν νήσων Th.1.8
, cf. 2.27, etc. ; πόλιν prob. in E.Fr.360.11 ; νῆσον οἰκῆσαι, i.e. to be deported, POxy.1101.24 (iv A. D.) : in [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., to be settled in, occupy,τοῖσι τὰς νήσους οἰκημένοισι Ἴωσι Hdt.1.27
; αἱ δύο [ πόλιες] νήσους οἰκέαται ib. 142 (cf. infr. 3).3 in [voice] Pass., to be settled, of men or tribes to whom new abodes are assigned,τριχθὰ ᾤκηθεν καταφυλαδόν Il.2.668
: [dialect] Ion. [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. οἴκημαι, as [tense] pres., οἱ ἐν τῇ ἠπείρῳ οἰκημένοι Ἕλληνες those who have been settled, i.e. those who dwell.., Hdt.1.27 ; οἱ ἐντὸς Ἅλυος ποταμοῦ οἰ. ib.28, cf. 8.115 ; also of cities, to be situated, lie,παρ' ὃν [ποταμὸν] Νίνος πόλις οἴκητο Id.1.193
.II manage, direct a household or a state, S.OC 1535 (dub. sens.), E.El. 386, Th.3.37 ; : metaph., μὴ τὸν ἐμὸν οἴκει νοῦν don't manage.., E.Fr. 144 :— [voice] Pass., εὖ οἰκούμεναι πόλεις well governed, Id.Hipp. 486 ; μετρίως, ὀρθῶς, ἄριστα οἰ., Pl.Lg. 936b, R. 371c, 520d, etc. ;πατρίδος τετυχηκὼς ἣ νόμοις.. μάλιστα οἰκεῖσθαι δοκεῖ D.21.150
: [tense] fut. οἰκήσεται in pass. sense, , cf. Pl.La. 185a, Aeschin.1.22, D.58.62, Arist.Pol. 1284b38.B intr., dwell, live, of persons, families, or tribes, have their abodes, settlements, in Hom. and Hdt. generally withἐν.., ᾤκεον δ' ἐν Πλευρῶνι Il.14.116
, cf. Od.9.200, 400 ;οἴκεε ἐν Πίνδῳ Hdt.1.56
, cf. A. Ag. 1234, Ar.Av. 967 (Orac.), Antipho5.78 ; esp. of metics,ἐγ Κολλυτῷ οἰκοῦντι IG12.373.60
, al. ;κατὰ στέγας E. Ion 314
;ὑπὸ χθονός Id.Fr. 450
: after Hom. with dat. (loc.) alone,Σαλαμῖνι IG12.1.2
(vi B. C.) ;οὐρανῷ Pi.N.10.58
; ;ἐλθόνθ' ἁγνὸν ἐς Θήβης πέδον οἰ. Eub.10
;παρὰ κρημνοῖσιν Pi.P.3.34
;παρὰ ὄχθον E.IT 1098
(lyr.) ; οἰ. μετά τινος, = συνοικεῖν τινι, S.OT 414, 990 ; κέρδη μὲν οἰκήσαντα.. having fixed my dwelling [ there] with gain to my hosts, Id.OC92 ; τὸ τὴν φροντίδ' ἔξω τῶν κακῶν οἰκεῖν γλυκύ sweet it is for the mind to keep free from cares, Id.OT 1390 ; ἐπὶ προστάτου οἰ. (v. προστάτης) Lys.31.9.II of cities, to be situated, Hdt.2.166, X.HG 7.1.3, 7.5 5; but τὴν πόλιν σποράδην καὶ κατὰ κώμας οἰκοῦσαν formed of detached villages, Isoc.10.35, cf. 4.39 (so in [voice] Pass., X.An.1.4.1).2 to be governed or administered, τίς τῶν πόλεων διὰ σὲ βέλτιον ᾤκησεν ; Pl.R. 599d, cf. 462d, 472e, 473a, 543a, al.: freq. hardly distinguishable from the [voice] Pass. (supr. A. II) ; σωφρόνως γε οἰκοῦσα [ πόλις] εὖ ἂν οἰκοῖτο a state administered by self-control would be well governed, Id.Chrm.162a ;ἀρετῆς, ᾗ πόλεις τε καὶ οἶκοι εὖ οἰκοῦσι X.Mem.1.2.64
; εἰς ὀλίγους, εἰς πλείους οἰκεῖν, to be governed in the interest of the few or the many, Th.2.37. -
17 πολύπολις
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πολύπολις
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18 τετράπολις
τετρά-πολις [ᾰ], εως (and in Androt.35 ιδος), ἡ, rarely ὁ, poet. [full] τετράπτολις E.Heracl.80 (lyr.):—A of or with four cities, τ. λαός, of the northern part of Attica, E. l.c., cf. Ar.Lys. 285 (lyr.): ἡ τ. this part of Attica, the four cities being Oenoe, Marathon, Probalinthos, Tricorythos, Arist.Fr. 491, Plu.Thes.14.2 in Doris, Str.9.4.10.3 in Syria, Id.16.2.4.4 in Cephallenia, Th. 2.30.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τετράπολις
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19 τρίπολις
A with three cities, νᾶσος, of Rhodes, Pi.O.7.18, cf. Scyl.99, al.2 Τρίπολις, ἡ, league of three cities, as in Achaea, Plb.4.81.7, etc.; in Arcadia, Paus.8.27.4; in Phoenicia, D.S.16.41, etc.II a kind of cake, Hsch.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τρίπολις
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20 πόλις
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `citadel, fort, city, city community, state' (Il.; on the meaning in Hom. Hoffmann Festschr. Snell 153ff.).Dialectal forms: Myc. potorijo has been interpreted as *Πτολίων.Compounds: As 1. member e.g. in πτολί-πορθος (- πόρθιος, - πόρθης) `sacking cities, destroyer of cities' (ep. Il.); enlarged in IA. πολιοῦχος (from - ιο-ουχ.); Dor. πολι-ά̄-οχος, - ιᾶχος, ep. πολι-ή-οχος `ruling a city, city protector'; in A. also the unexplained πολισσο- in πολισσοῦχος, πολισσο-νομέω. Very often as 2. member, e.g. ἀκρο-πολις = πόλις ἄκρη `upper town, citadel' (Od.); on this and on the other compp. Risch IF 59, 261 ff.Derivatives: 1. expressive enlargement πτολί-εθρον n. (ep. Il.); cf. μέλαθρον, θέμεθλα, ἔδεθλον (Schwyzer 533). 2. Diminut. πολίχνη f., often as PlN (IA.) with - ίχνιον (Att.); πολίδιον (ῑ̆) n. (Str.). 3. Πολιεύς (- ηύς) m. `city guardian' (Thera before Va, Arist., hell.; Bosshardt 60); f. Πολιάς (IA., Arg.). 4. πολίτης (ῑ; ep., Sapph., Att.), πολι-ά̄-τας, - ή-της (Dor. Aeol., Β 806, Ion.; after οἰκιά-τας, - ιή-της a.o.) m. `citizen, townsman', f. - ῖτις (S., E., Pl.); from this πολιτ-ικός `civic, political' (Hdt. 7, 103, Att.; Chantraine Études 123); - εύομαι, - εύω `to be citizen, to take part in state affairs' (Att. etc.; πολιατεύω Gortyn) with - εία, Ion. - ηίη, - ευμα (Hdt., Att.; on the meaning Wilhelm Glotta 14, 78ff., 83f., Papazoglou REGr. 72, 100ff. resp. Ruppel Phil. 82, 268ff., Engers Mnem. 54, 154ff.); also πολιτισμός `administration' (D. L.; - ισμός analog., Chantraine Form. 143). 5. Denominat. πολίζω, aor. - ίσ(σ)αι, rare a. late with ἐν-, συν- a.o., `to found (a city), to cultivate a place by founding a city' (ep. Ion., X.) with πόλ-ισμα `foundation (of a city)' (Ion. poet., Th.; Chantraine Form. 189), - ισμάτιον (hell.), - ισμός `foundation of a city' (D. H., Lyd.), - ιστής `founder of a city' (Poll. 9, 6; rejected).Etymology: The byform πτόλις (also Arc. Πτόλις, name of the castle in Mantinea; Thess. οἱ ττολίαρχοι w. assim.) is not convincingly explained. Hypotheses w. further details in Schwyzer 325 (w. lit.); further Kretschmer Glotta 22, 206, Deroy Ant. class. 23, 305ff., Merlingen Μνήμης χάριν 2, 57, Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 75ff., 112 n. 4 (cf. also on πτόλεμος). To be rejected the identification of πόλις from *pu̯olis with Arm. k'alak` `town' (Winter Lang. 31,8).-- Old word for `castle, refugecastle', except in Greek further only in the east attested (cf. Kretschmer Glotta 22, 107, Porzig Gliederung 173): Skt. pū́r f., acc. púr-am, Lith. pilìs f. Both the Skt. and the Lith. word show zero grade, which has also been considered possible for πόλις (Schwyzer 344); the i-stem in πόλ-ις and pil-ìs is secondary enlargement. Thee repeated proposals, to connect this very ancient word for `citadel' with the verb for `fill' ( πίμπλημι; since Pott) or for `dump' (Lith. pìlti; Fick; lastly Fraenkel Zeitschr. slav. Phil. 6, 91), has as unproven hypothesis not much interest. -- WP. 2, 51, Pok. 799, Mayrhofer and Fraenkel s. vv. w. further details a. lit.Page in Frisk: 2,576-577Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πόλις
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