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21 chromolithography
полигр• хромолитографияEnglish-Bulgarian polytechnical dictionary > chromolithography
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22 chromolithography
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23 chromolithography
цветная литографияEnglish-Russian dictionary of technical terms > chromolithography
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24 chromolithography
хромолитография (литографическая печать, при которой получают многокрасочные изображения)English-Russian library and information terminology dictionary > chromolithography
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25 chromolithography
s.cromolitografía. -
26 chromolithography
хромолитография, многокрасочная литография -
27 chromolithography
n полигр. хромолитография; олеография -
28 chromolithography
1. хромолитография2. хромолитография, цветная фотографияEnglish-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > chromolithography
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29 chromolithography
renkli taş basma resimcilik -
30 chromolithography
/'kroumouli'θɔgrəfi/ * danh từ - thuật in đá nhiều màu -
31 цветная литография
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > цветная литография
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32 цветный
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33 хромолитография
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > хромолитография
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34 chromolithograph
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35 chromolithograph
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36 Baxter, George
SUBJECT AREA: Paper and printing[br]b. 31 July 1804 Lewes, Sussex, Englandd. 11 January 1867 Sydenham, London, England[br]English pioneer in colour printing.[br]The son of a printer, Baxter was apprenticed to a wood engraver and there began his search for improved methods of making coloured prints, hitherto the perquisite of the rich, in order to bring them within reach of a wider public. After marriage to the daughter of Robert Harrild, founder of the printing firm of Harrild \& Co., he set up house in London, where he continued his experiments on colour while maintaining the run-of-the-mill work that kept the family.The nineteenth century saw a tremendous advance in methods of printing pictures, produced as separate prints or as book illustrations. For the first three decades colour was supplied by hand, but from the 1830s attempts were made to print in colour, using a separate plate for each one. Coloured prints were produced by chromolithography and relief printing on a small scale. Prints were first made with the latter method on a commercial scale by Baxter with a process that he patented in 1835. He generally used a key plate that was engraved, aquatinted or lithographed; the colours were then printed separately from wood or metal blocks. Baxter was a skilful printer and his work reached a high standard. An early example is the frontispiece to Robert Mudie's Summer (1837). In 1849 he began licensing his patent to other printers, and after the Great Exhibition of 1851 colour relief printing came into its own. Of the plethora of illustrated literature that appeared then, Baxter's Gems of the Great Exhibition was one of the most widely circulated souvenirs of the event.Baxter remained an active printer through the 1850s, but increasing competition from the German coloured lithographic process undermined his business and in 1860 he gave up the unequal struggle. In May of that year, all his oil pictures, engravings and blocks went up for auction, some 3,000 lots altogether. Baxter retired to Sydenham, then a country place, making occasional visits to London until injuries sustained in a mishap while he was ascending a London omnibus led to his death. Above all, he helped to initiate the change from the black and white world of pre-Victorian literature to the riotously colourful world of today.[br]Further ReadingC.T.Courtney Lewis, 1908, George Baxter, the Picture Printer, London: Sampson Lowe, Marsden (the classic account).M.E.Mitzmann, 1978, George Baxter and the Baxter Prints, Newton Abbot: David \& Charles.LRD -
37 Cros, Hortensius Emile Charles
[br]b. 1 October 1842 Fabrezan (Aude), Franced. 9 August 1888 Paris, France[br]French inventor of chromolithography and the principles of reproducible sound recording.[br]He received no formal education, but was brought up by his father, a distinguished teacher and philosopher. He dabbled in diverse subjects (modern and ancient languages, mathematics, drawing) in 1856–60 when he became an instructor at the institute of the Deaf-Mute at Paris. He became a prolific inventor and poet and took part in artistic life in Paris. In the 1867 Exposition Universelle in Paris, Cros contributed a facsimile telegraph; he deposited with the Académie des Sciences a sealed text on photography which was not opened until 1876. In the meantime he published a small text on a general solution of the problem of colour photography which appeared almost simultaneously with a similar publication by Louis Ducos du Hauron and which gave rise to bitter discussions over priority. He deposited a sealed paper on 18 April 1877 concerning his concept of apparatus for recording and reproduction of sound which he called the paléophone. When it was opened on 3 December 1877 it was not known that T.A. Edison was already active in this field: Cros is considered the conceptual founder of reproducible sound, whereas Edison was the first "to reduce to practice", which is one of the US criteria for patentability.[br]BibliographyFrench patent no. 124, 213 (filed 1 May and 2 August 1878).Further ReadingLouis Forestier, 1969, Charles Cros: L'Homme et l'oeuvre, Paris: Seghers.GB-NBiographical history of technology > Cros, Hortensius Emile Charles
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См. также в других словарях:
Chromolithography — Chro mo*li*thog ra*phy, n. Lithography adapted to printing in inks of various colors. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Chromolithography — This article is about the print making method. For the Felipe Alfau novel, see Felipe Alfau. Folding Card, The Old Woman Who Lived in A Shoe, 6 April 1883 … Wikipedia
chromolithography — noun see chromolithograph … New Collegiate Dictionary
chromolithography — chromolithographer, n. chromolithographic /kroh meuh lith euh graf ik/, adj. /kroh moh li thog reuh fee/, n. the process of lithographing in colors from a series of plates or stones. [1830 40; CHROMO + LITHOGRAPHY] * * * … Universalium
chromolithography — noun A form of lithography for printing pictures in colour … Wiktionary
Chromolithography — Хромолитография (процесс); Хромолитография (отпечаток), цветная фотография … Краткий толковый словарь по полиграфии
chromolithography — A lithographic process using several stones or plates one for each color, printed in register. The result is color prints, to be distinguished from colored prints that have the color hand applied after printing … Glossary of Art Terms
chromolithography — chro·mo·lithography … English syllables
chromolithography — chro•mo•li•thog•ra•phy [[t]ˌkroʊ moʊ lɪˈθɒg rə fi[/t]] n. pri fia the process of lithographing in colors from a series of plates or stones • Etymology: 1830–40 chro mo•li•thog′ra•pher, n. chro mo•lith o•graph′ic əˈgræf ɪk adj … From formal English to slang
chromolithography — /ˌkroʊmoʊləˈθɒgrəfi/ (say .krohmohluh thogruhfee) noun the process of lithographing in colours. –chromolithographer, noun –chromolithographic /ˌkroʊmoʊlɪθəˈgræfɪk/ (say .krohmohlithuh grafik), adjective …
chromolithography — noun single or multi color lithography • Hypernyms: ↑lithography … Useful english dictionary