-
41 Carnutum
-i s n sg 2Chartres (F) -
42 Шартр
ngener. Chartres -
43 шартрская синь
adjchromat. (le) bleu de Chartres -
44 chartreuse
n. likeur van Chartres; groen-geel; vestiging -
45 Шартр
( Франция) Chartres -
46 Adams, Henry (Brooks)
(1838-1918) Адамс, Генри (Брукс)Историк, сын Ч. Ф. Адамса [ Adams, Charles Francis (C. F.)], брат Б. Адамса [ Adams, Brooks]. Преподавал в Гарварде [ Harvard University]. Автор ставших классическими работ по истории США в период администраций Джефферсона [ Jefferson, Thomas] и Мэдисона [ Madison, James]. Среди других трудов - "Мон-Сен-Мишель и Шартре" ["Mont-Saint-Michel and Chartres"] (1913) о социальных и религиозных истоках средневековой культуры, автобиография "Образование Генри Адамса" ["The Education of Henry Adams"], в которой он пытается показать неготовность своего поколения к индустриальному и технологическому обществу XX столетия.English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Adams, Henry (Brooks)
-
47 město - Francie
-
48 Beauce
One of the major cereal-growing areas of France, the breadbasket of the nation. The Beauce is a large gently undulating area between Paris and the Loire Valley, centred on the city of Chartres. It falls largely in the department of Eure et LoireDictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Beauce
-
49 Леобин Шартрский, еп.
(ум. ок. 558; катол. св., д. п. 14 марта) St. Leobinus, Bp. of ChartresРусско-английский словарь религиозной лексики > Леобин Шартрский, еп.
-
50 Лубин Шартрский, еп.
(ум. ок. 558; катол. св., д. п. 14 марта) St. Leobinus [Lubin], Bp. of ChartresРусско-английский словарь религиозной лексики > Лубин Шартрский, еп.
-
51 Тьерри Шартрский
(бретонец, ум. после 1151, средневековый философ и теолог, представитель шартрской школы, приверженец философии платонизма, предлагавший в своём учении синтез "физики и Священного Писания") Thierry [Theodoric] of ChartresРусско-английский словарь религиозной лексики > Тьерри Шартрский
-
52 Carnotenus
Carnūtes, um, m., = Karnoutoi, a people in Gaul, on both sides of the Liger, whose chief town was Autricum, now Chartres, in the Départ. d ' Eure et Loire, Caes. B. G. 2, 35; 5, 25; 5, 56; 6, 2; 6, 4; 7, 2; 8, 31; ap. Tib. 1, 7, 12.— Adj.: Carnōtēnus, a, um, of or belonging to the Carnutes, Sulp. Sev. Dial. 3, 2 al.—As subst.: Carnūtē-ni, ōrum, m., = Carnutes, Plin. 4, 18, 32, § 107 Jan. -
53 Carnuteni
Carnūtes, um, m., = Karnoutoi, a people in Gaul, on both sides of the Liger, whose chief town was Autricum, now Chartres, in the Départ. d ' Eure et Loire, Caes. B. G. 2, 35; 5, 25; 5, 56; 6, 2; 6, 4; 7, 2; 8, 31; ap. Tib. 1, 7, 12.— Adj.: Carnōtēnus, a, um, of or belonging to the Carnutes, Sulp. Sev. Dial. 3, 2 al.—As subst.: Carnūtē-ni, ōrum, m., = Carnutes, Plin. 4, 18, 32, § 107 Jan. -
54 Carnutes
Carnūtes, um, m., = Karnoutoi, a people in Gaul, on both sides of the Liger, whose chief town was Autricum, now Chartres, in the Départ. d ' Eure et Loire, Caes. B. G. 2, 35; 5, 25; 5, 56; 6, 2; 6, 4; 7, 2; 8, 31; ap. Tib. 1, 7, 12.— Adj.: Carnōtēnus, a, um, of or belonging to the Carnutes, Sulp. Sev. Dial. 3, 2 al.—As subst.: Carnūtē-ni, ōrum, m., = Carnutes, Plin. 4, 18, 32, § 107 Jan. -
55 Villard de Honnecourt
[br]b. c. 1200 Honnecourt-sur-Escaut, near Cambrai, Franced. mid-13th century (?) France[br]French architect-engineer.[br]Villard was one of the thirteenth-century architect-engineers who were responsible for the design and construction of the great Gothic cathedrals and other churches of the time. Their responsibilities covered all aspects of the work, including (in the spirit of the Roman architect Vitruvius) the invention and construction of mechanical devices. In their time, these men were highly esteemed and richly rewarded, although few of the inscriptions paying tribute to their achievements have survived. Villard stands out among them because a substantial part of his sketchbook has survived, in the form of thirty-three parchment sheets of drawings and notes, now kept in the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris. Villard's professional career lasted roughly from 1225 to 1250. As a boy, he went to work on the building of the Cistercian monastery at Vaucelles, not far from Honnecourt, and afterwards he was apprenticed to the masons' lodge at Cambrai Cathedral, where he began copying the drawings and layouts on the tracing-house floor. All his drawings are, therefore, of the plans, elevations and sections of cathedrals. These buildings have long since been destroyed, but his drawings, perhaps among his earliest, bear witness to their architecture. He travelled widely in France and recorded features of the great works at Reims, Laon and Chartres. These include the complex system of passageways built into the fabric of a great cathedral; Villard comments that one of their purposes was "to allow circulation in case of fire".Villard was invited to Hungary and reached there c. 1235. He may have been responsible for the edifice dedicated to St Elizabeth of Hungary, canonized in 1235, at Kassa (now Košice, Slovakia). Villard probably returned to France c. 1240, at least before the Tartar invasion of Hungary in 1241.His sketchbook, which dates to c. 1235, stands as a memorial to Villard's skill as a draughtsman, a student of perspective and a mechanical engineer. He took his sketchbook with him on his travels, and used ideas from it in his work abroad. It contains architectural designs, geometrical constructions for use in building, surveying exercises and drawings for various kinds of mechanical devices, for civil or military use. He was transmitting details from the highly developed French Gothic masons to the relatively underdeveloped eastern countries. The notebooks were annotated for the use of pupils and other master masons, and the notes on geometry were obviously intended for pupils. The prize examples are the pages in the book, clearly Villard's own work, related to mechanical devices. Whilst he, like many others of the period and after, played with designs for perpetual-motion machines, he concentrated on useful devices. These included the first Western representation of a perpetualmotion machine, which at least displays a concern to derive a source of energy: this was a water-powered sawmill, with automatic feed of the timber into the mill. This has been described as the first industrial automatic power-machine to involve two motions, for it not only converts the rotary motion of the water-wheel to the reciprocating motion of the saw, but incorporates a means of keeping the log pressed against the saw. His other designs included water-wheels, watermills, the Archimedean screw and other curious devices.[br]BibliographyOf several facsimile reprints with notes there are Album de Villard de Honnecourt, 1858, ed. J.B.Lassus, Paris (repr. 1968, Paris: Laget), and The Sketchbook of Villard de Honnecourt, 1959, ed. T.Bowie, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Further ReadingJ.Gimpel, 1977, "Villard de Honnecourt: architect and engineer", The Medieval Machine, London: Victor Gollancz, ch. 6, pp. 114–46.——1988, The Medieval Machine, the Industrial Revolution of the Middle Ages, London.R.Pernord, J.Gimpel and R.Delatouche, 1986, Le Moyen age pour quoi fayre, Paris.KM / LRD
См. также в других словарях:
Chartres — Chartres … Deutsch Wikipedia
Chartres — • Diocese in France. Comprises the department of Eure et Loir Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Chartres Diocese of Chartres † … Catholic encyclopedia
Chartres — Escudo … Wikipedia Español
CHARTRES — (Heb. קרטוש), French town, about 52 mi. (85 km.) S.W. of Paris. The importance of the Jewish community in Chartres during the Middle Ages, whose existence is attested to as early as 1130, is illustrated by the numerous street names which still… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Chartres — (antigua Carnutes, Autricum, civitas Carnutum), ciudad localizada al norte de Francia central y capital del departamento de Eure et Loire. Está situada a orillas del río Eure. Es un centro agrícola y fabril en el que se produce principalmente… … Enciclopedia Universal
Chartres [1] — Chartres (spr. schartr ), Hauptstadt des franz Depart. Eure et Loir, an der Eure, Knotenpunkt der Westbahn und mehrerer Staatsbahnlinien, ist von Boulevards an Stelle der frühern Befestigungen umgeben. Auf dem höchsten Punkte der Stadt steht die… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Chartres [1] — Chartres (spr. Schartr), 1) Arrondissement des französischen Departements Eure u. Loire; 391/4 QM., 110,000 Ew. in 7 Cantonen; 2) Hauptstadt darin u. des Departements, an der Eure; alt u. winkelig gebaut; Departementalbehörden; 2 Friedensgerichte … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Chartres [2] — Chartres, Herzog von Ch., 1) so nannte sich früher König Ludwig Philipp (s.d.); 2) Name des[878] zweiten Sohnes des Herzogs von Orleans, Robert, geb. am 9. Nov. 1840 … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Chartres [2] — Chartres (spr. schartr ), Herzog von, Titel jüngerer Prinzen des Hauses Orléans (s.d. und die Stammtafel der Bourbonen beim Art. »Bourbon«). Jetziger Träger ist der zweite Sohn des 4842 verstorbenen Herzogs von Orléans, Bruder des Grafen von… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Chartres — (spr. scharrt r), Hauptstadt des franz. Dep. Eure et Loir, an der Eure, (1901) 23.431 E.; größte Kathedrale Frankreichs. Im Altertum (Antricum) Hauptort der Carnuten, im Mittelalter (Carnutum) Hauptstadt der Landsch. Beauce und Chartrain; später… … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
Chartres [2] — Chartres (spr. scharrt r), Robert, Herzog von, geb. 9. Nov. 1840 als Sohn des Prinzen Ferdinand von Orléans, nahm auf Seite der Nordstaaten am amerik. Bürgerkriege und 1870 am Kriege gegen Deutschland teil, 1886 verbannt; schrieb: »Histoire de la … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon