-
1 caunter
-
2 caunter
-
3 caunter
-
4 caunter
геол.• секуща жила -
5 Butler, Edward
[br]b. 1863d. 1940[br]English motoring pioneer, designer of a motor tricycle.[br]In 1884 Butler patented a design for a motor tricycle that was shown that year at the Stanley Cycle Show and in the following year at the Inventions Exhibition. In 1887 he patented his "Petrol-tricycle", which was built the following year. The cycle was steered through its two front wheels, while it was driven through its single rear wheel. The motor, which was directly connected to the rear wheel hub by means of overhung cranks, consisted of a pair of water-cooled 2 1/4 in. (57 mm) bore cylinders with an 8 in. (203 mm) stroke working on the Clerk two-stroke cycle. Ignition was by electric spark produced by a wiper breaking contact with the piston, adopted from Butler's own design of electrostatic ignition machine; this was later replaced by a Ruhmkorff coil and a battery. There was insufficient power with direct drive and the low engine speed of c.100 rpm, producing a road speed of approximately 12 mph (19 km/h), so Butler redesigned the engine with a 6 3/4 in. (171 mm) stroke and a four-stroke cycle with an epicyclic reduction gear drive of 4:1 and later 6:1 ratio which could run at 600 rpm. The combination of restrictive speed-limit laws and shortsightedness of his backers prevented development, despite successful road demonstrations. Interest was non-existent by 1895, and the following year this first English internal combustion engined motorcycle was broken up for the scrap value of some 163 lb (74 kg) of copper and brass contained in its structure.[br]Further ReadingC.F.Caunter, 1982, Motor Cycles, 3rd edn, London: HMSO/Science Museum.IMcN -
6 Macmillan, Kirkpatrick
SUBJECT AREA: Land transport[br]b. 1810d. 1878[br]Scottish inventor and builder of the first pedal-operated bicycle.[br]Macmillan was the blacksmith at the village of Courthill, Dumfriesshire, Scotland. Before 1839, bicycles were of the draisienne or hobby-horse type, which were propelled by the rider's feet pushing alternately on the ground. Macmillan was the first to appreciate that two wheels placed in line could be balanced while being propelled by means of treadles and cranks fitted to one of the axles. His machine, completed in 1839, had wooden wheels shod with iron tyres, and a curved wooden frame which was forked to take the rear axle; the front, steering wheel was carried in an iron fork. The axles ran in brass bearings. Cranks were keyed to the rear axle which was driven by rods connected to two swinging arms; these were pivotted from the frame near the pivot of the front fork, and had foot treadles at their lower ends. Macmillan frequently rode this machine the 22.5 km (14 miles) from Courthill to Dumfries. In 1842 he was fined five shillings at the Gorbals Police Court for knocking over a child at the end of a 64 km (40 mile) ride from Courthill to Glasgow.Although several people copied Macmillan's machine over the next twenty years and it anticipated the rear-driven safety bicycle by some forty years, it did not prove popular.[br]Further ReadingC.F.Caunter, 1955, The History and Development of Cycles, London: HMSO.IMcN -
7 Sauerbrun, Charles de, Baron von Drais
SUBJECT AREA: Land transport[br]b. 1785d. 1851[br]German popularizer of the first form of manumotive vehicle, the hobby-horse.[br]An engineer and agriculturalist who had to travel long distances over rough country, he evolved an improved design of velocipede. The original device appears to have been first shown in the gardens of the Palais Royal by the comte de Sivrac in 1791, a small wooden "horse" fitted with two wheels and propelled by the rider's legs thrusting alternately against the ground. It was not possible to turn the front wheel to steer the machine, a small variation from the straight being obtained by the rider leaning sideways. It is not known if de Sivrac was the inventor of the machine: it is likely that it had been in existence, probably as a child's toy, for a number of years. Its original name was the celerifière, but it was renamed the velocifère in 1793. The Baron's Draisienne was an improvement on this primitive machine; it had a triangulated wooden frame, an upholstered seat, a rear luggage seat and an armrest which took the thrust of the rider as he or she pushed against the ground. Furthermore, it was steerable. In some models there was a cordoperated brake and a prop stand, and the seat height could be adjusted. At least one machine was fitted with a milometer. Drais began limited manufacture and launched a long marketing and patenting campaign, part of which involved sending advertising letters to leading figures, including a number of kings.The Draisienne was first shown in public in April 1817: a ladies' version became available in 1819. Von Drais took out a patent in Baden on 12 January 1818 and followed with a French patent on 17 February. Three-and four-wheeled versions became available so the two men could take the ladies for a jaunt.Drais left his agricultural and forestry work and devoted his full time to the "Running Machine" business. Soon copies were being made and sold in Italy, Germany and Austria. In London, a Denis Johnson took out a patent in December 1818 for a "pedestrian curricle" which was soon nicknamed the dandy horse.[br]Further ReadingC.A.Caunter, 1955, Cycles: History and Development, London: Science Museum and HMSO.IMcNBiographical history of technology > Sauerbrun, Charles de, Baron von Drais
См. также в других словарях:
Caunter — Recorded in many spellings as shown below, this interesting and unusual name is of Norman French origins. Introduced into Britain after the Conquest of 1066, and quickly adopted in both England and Scotland, as Cant, Caunt, or even Chant, the… … Surnames reference
caunter — /ˈkaʊntə/ (say kowntuh) noun → counter4 …
caunter — … Useful english dictionary
C. F. Caunter — Cyril Francis Caunter, b. March 22, 1899, Ilford, Essex, d. April 10, 1988, was a British aviation historian and author.In 1932 he published the novel Madness Opens The Door , a space novel, and Ex Gangster and Killers Must Die . Two technical… … Wikipedia
Marion Caunter — Marion Rose Caunter Abdullah(born November 5, 1980[1] in Penang, Malaysia) is a Malaysian video jockey,events MC and television personality, of Chinese/English descent. She is married to S M Nasarudin SM Nasimuddin, chairman of Naza Group of… … Wikipedia
Tony Caunter — Infobox actor name = Tony Caunter imagesize = caption = birthname = birthdate = Bda|1937|09|22|df=y birthplace = Southampton, Hampshire, England deathdate = deathplace = yearsactive = 1963 ndash;present othername = occupation = ActorTony Caunter… … Wikipedia
George Caunter — governed the Prince of Wales Island (Penang Island) as Acting Superintendent in 1797 during Superintendent Major Forbes Ross MacDonald s leave of absence and again in 1799 upon the resignation and departure of MacDonald. He served as Acting… … Wikipedia
One in a Million (TV series) — This article is about the Malaysian singing competition. For the most recent season, see One in a Million (Season 3). For other television shows with similar names, see One in a Million (disambiguation). One in a Million One in a Million Format … Wikipedia
CKRG-FM — Infobox Radio Station name = CKRG FM airdate = 1977 (cable) 1990 (AM) 2005 (FM) frequency = 89.9 MHz (FM) area = Toronto, Ontario format = campus radio owner = Glendon College erp = 1 kW branding = Radio Glendon slogan = class = LP website =… … Wikipedia
List of aircraft engines — ABC Dragonfly at the London Science Museum This is an alphabetical list of aircraft engines by manufacturer. Contents A B … Wikipedia
Chicago Overcoat — Directed by Brian Caunter Produced by John W. Bosher Writt … Wikipedia
