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1 сельское хозяйство и животноводство
сельское хозяйство и животноводство
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
agriculture and cattle industry
Large scale growing of crops and livestock grazing for profit. (Source: RRDA)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > сельское хозяйство и животноводство
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2 скот
скот
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cattle
Domesticated bovine animals, including cows, steers and bulls, raised and bred on a ranch or farm. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > скот
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3 ущерб, наносимый животными
ущерб, наносимый животными
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
animal damage
Harm caused to the environment by animals as, for instance, in the case of overgrazing, trampling, etc. Overgrazing damage is reduced by properly located watering facilities to decrease daily travel by livestock. Rotation of grazing areas allows time for recovery of grass. Some land can be easily restored if grazing is allowed only during one season. Animals may cause damage to crops when agriculture land borders on virgin territory or game reserves. In addition wild animals may bring disease in valuable domestic herds. Cattle overstocking has caused serious degradation of habitat, and cattle raising is thus, to some extent, counterproductive. (Source: WPR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ущерб, наносимый животными
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4 экстенсивные методы ведения фермерского хозяйства
экстенсивные методы ведения фермерского хозяйства
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
extensive cattle farming
Farming system practiced in very large farms, characterized by low levels of inputs per unit area of land; in such situations the stocking rate, the number of livestock units per area, is low. (Source: GOODa)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > экстенсивные методы ведения фермерского хозяйства
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5 взрослый крупный рогатый скот
взрослый крупный рогатый скот
Коровы, быки и волы, имеющие более двух пар постоянных резцов.
[ ГОСТ 16020-70]Тематики
Обобщающие термины
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > взрослый крупный рогатый скот
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6 вырубка и сжигание леса как метод увеличения сельскохозяйственных площадей
вырубка и сжигание леса как метод увеличения сельскохозяйственных площадей
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
slash and burn culture
A traditional farming system that has been used by generations of farmers in tropical forests and the savannah of north and east Africa. It is known to be an ecologically sound form of cultivation, and because the soil is poor in tropical rain forests it is a sustainable method of farming. It is still practised today, primarily in the developing countries. Small areas of bush or forests are cleared and the smaller trees burned. This unlocks the nutrients in the vegetation and gives the soil fertilizer that is easily taken up by plants. A few years later the soil is degraded and the farmer moves on to do the same at another site. The original ground is left fallow for anything up to 20 years so that the forest can regenerate. With the growth in population and in the subsequent need for more farming land to produce food, the method is increasingly being used today to clear large areas of tropical forests for cattle ranching, and in most cases the ground is not left fallow for long enough and, with modern mechanized farming systems, not enough tree stumps or suitable habitats for plant life are left to start the regeneration process. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > вырубка и сжигание леса как метод увеличения сельскохозяйственных площадей
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7 домашний скот
домашний скот
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
livestock
Cattle, horses, and similar animals kept for domestic use especially on a farm. (Source: CED)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > домашний скот
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8 клещ
клещ
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
mite
An order of small Arachnida with rounded bodies. Mites are very abundant in the soil, feeding on plant material and invertebrate animals. Some parasitic mites (e.g. red spider) damage crops and can be serious pests. Others cause diseases in animals. Ticks are blood-suckers, some being vectors of diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever in humans and fowls, and louping ill in cattle and sheep. (Source: ALL)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > клещ
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9 крупный рогатый скот
крупный рогатый скот
[ ГОСТ 16020-70]
крупный рогатый скот
Одомашненные жвачные, принадлежащие к семейству Bos. Taurus
[ ГОСТ 27773-88]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > крупный рогатый скот
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10 молодняк крупного рогатого скота
молодняк крупного рогатого скота
Телки, нетели, бычки и бычки-кастраты в возрасте от трех месяцев до прорезывания третьей пары постоянных резцов.
[ ГОСТ 16020-70]Тематики
Обобщающие термины
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > молодняк крупного рогатого скота
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11 отходы сельского хозяйства
отходы сельского хозяйства
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
agricultural waste
Unusable materials, liquid or solid, that result from agricultural practices, such as fertilizers, pesticides, crop residue (such as orchard prunings) and cattle manure. (Source: HMD / MHD)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > отходы сельского хозяйства
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12 разведение домашнего скота на фермах
разведение домашнего скота на фермах
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
livestock farming
Breeding of cattle, horses and similar animals. (Source: CEDa)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > разведение домашнего скота на фермах
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13 силосная башня
силосная башня
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
silo
A large round tower on a farm for storing grain or winter food for cattle. (Source: CAMB)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > силосная башня
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14 смешанное фермерское хозяйство
смешанное фермерское хозяйство
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
mixed farming
Type of agriculture based on the combination of crop production and cattle raising. (Source: GREMES)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > смешанное фермерское хозяйство
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15 тропический дождевой лес
тропический дождевой лес
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
tropical rain forest
The most valuable and the richest ecosystem on Earth. It plays a critical part in the Earth's life support systems and house 50%, and possibly as much as 90%, of all the species on Earth. It is a key storehouse of foods, oils and minerals, and a source of ingredients that make up a range of medical treatments. It also represents home and livelihood for many people. However, more than half of the rainforests have disappeared, chopped down for valuable tropical hardwoods, or cleared to provide areas for cattle grazing or human habitation. The forests play an important part in climate patterns, and deforestation is thought to be responsible for 18% of global warming. Furthermore, as they disappear there is also an albedo effect - a damaging increase in the sunlight reflected - which affects wind and rainfall patterns. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > тропический дождевой лес
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16 угроза воде
угроза воде
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
water endangering
Can be caused by a variety of means, e.g. farm pollution from animal wastes and silage liquor (liquors from green leaf cattle food which has had molasses added to promote fermentation and preservation; they are highly polluting and can be a seasonal cause of fish deaths in small streams), leachate from landfill sites, and spoil heaps, solvent discharge to sewers or to land and inadequate sewage treatment works. (Source: PORT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > угроза воде
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17 чрезмерный выпас
чрезмерный выпас
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
overgrazing
Intensive grazing by animals, for example cattle, sheep or goats, on an area of pasture. It has become a serious threat to the world's rangelands and grasslands. Several factors have led to overgrazing, which leads to the soil being degraded and becoming liable to erosion by wind and rain, and even to desertification. The main pressures leading to widespread overgrazing have been the need to increase the size and numbers of herds to produce more food for an increasing human population, and the transformation of traditional pasture land into plantations to grow cash crops. Throughout the dry tropics, where traditionally herds ranged over vast areas, intensive livestock-rearing schemes have taken over, mostly to provide meat for the export market. Well-digging operations have also led to heavy concentrations of animals in small areas. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > чрезмерный выпас
См. также в других словарях:
Cattle — Cat tle (k[a^]t t l), n. pl. [OE. calet, chatel, goods, property, OF. catel, chatel, LL. captale, capitale, goods, property, esp. cattle, fr. L. capitals relating to the head, chief; because in early ages beasts constituted the chief part of a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
CATTLE — Cattle had been reared since the Neolithic in central Italy, although it has recently been suggested by geneticists that some of the white cattle distinctive of northern Etruria today may have had a more recent eastern Mediterranean origin.… … Historical Dictionary of the Etruscans
cattle — mid 13c., from Anglo Fr. catel property (O.N.Fr. catel, O.Fr. chatel), from M.L. capitale property, stock, neuter of Latin adj. capitalis principal, chief, from caput head (gen. capitis; see HEAD (Cf. head)). Cf. sense development of FEE … Etymology dictionary
cattle — [n] bovine animals beasts, bovid mammals, bulls, calves, cows, dogies*, herd, livestock, longhorn*, moo cows*, oxen, shorthorns, stock, strays; concept 394 … New thesaurus
cattle — ► PLURAL NOUN ▪ large ruminant animals with horns and cloven hoofs, domesticated for meat or milk or as beasts of burden; cows and oxen. ORIGIN Old French chatel chattel … English terms dictionary
cattle — [kat′ l] pl.n. [ME & Anglo Fr catel (OFr chatel) < ML captale, property, stock < L capitalis, principal, chief < caput, HEAD: orig. sense in var. CHATTEL] 1. Archaic farm animals collectively; livestock 2. domesticated oxen collectively; … English World dictionary
Cattle — Cow redirects here. For other uses, see Cow (disambiguation). For other uses, see Cattle (disambiguation). Cattle … Wikipedia
cattle — n. 1) to breed; raise (esp. AE), rear (BE) cattle 2) to drive; graze; round up cattle 3) to brand cattle 4) dairy; prize cattle 5) cattle graze 6) a head of cattle; a herd of cattle 7) young cattle are calves 8) female cattle are cows 9) male… … Combinatory dictionary
CATTLE — The domestication of cattle began in prehistoric times. Ancient Sumerian inscriptions refer to the raising of cattle, and from the third millennium B.C.E. they are depicted in Egyptian, Assyrian, and Babylonian drawings as used for plowing (see… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
cattle — cattleless, adj. /kat l/, n. (used with a pl. v.) 1. bovine animals, esp. domesticated members of the genus Bos. 2. Bib. such animals together with other domesticated quadrupeds, as horses, swine, etc. 3. Disparaging. human beings. [1175 1225; ME … Universalium
cattle — noun ADJECTIVE ▪ beef, dairy ▪ Highland, longhorn, shorthorn ▪ native ▪ wild ▪ … Collocations dictionary