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141 shall
shall/shouldКОММЕНТАРИЙ:shall / shouldСначала несколько примеров из оригинальной англоязычной нормативно-технической документации:1. Within this Specification:a. "Shall"is used to indicate that a provision is mandatory.b. "Should"is used to indicate that a provision is not mandatory, but recommended as good practice.2. Shall:Indicates a mandatory requirement.Should:Indicates a suggested means of accomplishment.3."Shallhas been used only when application of a procedure is mandatory."Should'has been used only when application of a procedure is recommended.4.Shall: A term which indicates that a provision is a Code requirement (see alsoshould/Should: A term which indicates that a provision is recommended as good practice but is not a Code requirement (see alsoshall/)5.Shall: Indicates a mandatory or required action (seeshould. Should: Indicates a preferred or recommended action (seeshall/6.Shall:Indicates a mandatory requirement. Should:Indicates a preferred (but not mandatory) course of action.7. Mandatory rules of this Code are characterized by the use of the word " shall". If a rule is of an advisory nature it is indicated by the use of the word "should"or is stated as a recommendation.8. The word "shall"indicates a mandatory provision and "should"indicates a recommended or advisory provision.И так далее, и тому подобное. Из приведенных здесь (и десятков других известных составителю) примеров со всей очевидностью вытекает, чтоshall«сильнее», чем should. Переводчики, не знакомые с этим обстоятельством, столкнувшись с глаголом shall, переводят его то будущим временем, то с использованием формы долженствования. И то, и другое неверно, поскольку shall это - нечто, не подлежащее обсуждению. Это - данность. Это, как говорил Остап Бендер, - «медицинский факт». И на русский язык этот глагол переводится обычным изъявительным наклонением с использованием глагола либо в возвратной форме, либо в третьем лице множественного числа. Например: «Работа в замкнутых или ограниченных пространствах производится сварщиком под контролем наблюдающего...» (а не будет производиться) или «Нормы дымности дизелей, тракторов и машин конкретных марок устанавливают в зависимости от условного расхода воздуха» (а не должны устанавливаться).English-Russian dictionary of scientific and technical difficulties vocabulary > shall
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