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broadcasting+companies

  • 1 American Broadcasting Companies

    Mass media: ABC

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > American Broadcasting Companies

  • 2 Rundfunk

    m broadcasting, radio; (Gesellschaft) broadcasting company; der Süddeutsche Rundfunk South German Radio; im Rundfunk on the radio; beim Rundfunk sein work in broadcasting ( oder for radio); im Rundfunk übertragen broadcast
    * * *
    der Rundfunk
    broadcast; wireless; broadcasting; radio
    * * *
    Rụnd|funk
    m
    broadcasting; (= Hörfunk) radio, wireless (esp Brit dated); (= Organisation) broadcasting company or corporation

    im/über Rundfunk — on the radio

    Rundfunk hörento listen to the radio

    * * *
    Rund·funk
    m
    1. (geh) radio, wireless BRIT dated
    im \Rundfunk (veraltend) on the radio [or BRIT dated wireless
    2.
    der \Rundfunk (die Sendeanstalten) broadcasting; (die Organisationen) the broadcasting companies [or corporations]
    * * *
    2) s. Rundfunkanstalt
    * * *
    Rundfunk m broadcasting, radio; (Gesellschaft) broadcasting company;
    der Süddeutsche Rundfunk South German Radio;
    im Rundfunk on the radio;
    beim Rundfunk sein work in broadcasting ( oder for radio);
    Rundfunk… im subst auch Funk…, Radio…
    * * *
    * * *
    m.
    radio n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Rundfunk

  • 3 Rundfunk

    Rund·funk m
    1) ( geh) radio, wireless ( Brit) dated;
    im \Rundfunk (veraltend) on the radio [or ( Brit) dated wireless];
    2) der \Rundfunk ( die Sendeanstalten) broadcasting; ( die Organisationen) the broadcasting companies [or corporations]

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > Rundfunk

  • 4 satellite news gathering

    Satellite link used to transmit video and audio broadcasts.
    Broadcasting companies generally use these links for live broadcasts, events, concerts, sports events and disaster reporting.
    Syn. SNG abbr.
    Prozess, bei dem Berichte und Bild- sowie Tonmaterial an Ort und Stelle über einen Satelliten an die Redaktion übertragen werden.

    Englisch-deutsch wörterbuch fußball > satellite news gathering

  • 5 SNG

    Satellite link used to transmit video and audio broadcasts.
    Broadcasting companies generally use these links for live broadcasts, events, concerts, sports events and disaster reporting.
    Syn. SNG abbr.
    Prozess, bei dem Berichte und Bild- sowie Tonmaterial an Ort und Stelle über einen Satelliten an die Redaktion übertragen werden.

    Englisch-deutsch wörterbuch fußball > SNG

  • 6 televisión

    f.
    1 television, transmittal of voice and images in motion through radiowaves.
    2 television, television set, TV, boob tube.
    * * *
    1 (sistema) television
    2 familiar (aparato) television set
    \
    ver la televisión to watch TV
    televisión por cable cable television
    televisión vía satélite satellite television
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF television, TV

    salir en o por la televisión — to be on television o TV

    televisión comercial — commercial television, commercial TV

    televisión de alta definición — high-definition television, high-definition TV

    televisión de circuito cerrado — closed-circuit television, closed-circuit TV

    televisión digital — digital television, digital TV

    televisión digital terrestre — digital terrestrial television, digital terrestrial TV

    televisión en colorcolour o (EEUU) color television, colour o (EEUU) color TV

    televisión interactiva — interactive television, interactive TV

    televisión matinal — breakfast television, breakfast TV

    televisión pagada — pay television, pay TV

    televisión por cable — cable television, cable TV

    televisión por satélite — satellite television, satellite TV

    * * *
    a) ( sistema) television
    b) ( programación) television
    c) ( televisor) television (set)
    * * *
    = television, TV.
    Ex. Similarly, if we substitute 'mass media' for ' television' or 'transport' instead of 'land transport' specificity is lost.
    Ex. Indeed, for many children the language and stories heard and seen on TV far outweigh in quantity and influence the speech and stories of the people the children live among.
    ----
    * antena comunitaria de televisión = Communal Aerial TV (CATV).
    * anuncio publicitario por televisión = television commercial, television spot.
    * aparato de televisión = television set, TV set.
    * canal de televisión = television station, television channel.
    * comentarista de radio y/o televisión = broadcast commentator.
    * comentarista de televisión = talking head.
    * compañía de radio televisión = broadcaster.
    * compañía de televisión = television company.
    * compañía de televisión por cable = cable company.
    * creado especialmente para la televisión = made-for-television.
    * de la televisión o la radio = off the air.
    * difusión por radio y televisión = broadcast, broadcasting.
    * el ver televisión = television viewing.
    * esquech de televisión = television sketch.
    * estación de televisión = television station, broadcasting station.
    * estudio de televisión = television studio.
    * gran pantalla de televisión = large-screen television.
    * industria de la radio y televisión, la = broadcasting industry, the.
    * noticias de radio y = broadcast news.
    * pantalla de televisión = television screen, TV screen.
    * pantalla de televisión de plasma = plasma television screen.
    * pantalla de televisión plana = flat television screen, flat TV screen.
    * presentador de televisión = talking head, broadcaster.
    * programa de televisión = television programme, television broadcast, television show, TV show.
    * radio televisión = broadcasting.
    * retransmisión por televisión = televising.
    * retransmitido por televisión = televised.
    * retransmitir por televisión = televise.
    * sala de televisión = TV lounge.
    * salón de televisión = TV lounge.
    * serie de televisión = TV serial, television series.
    * servicio de compra por televisión = teleshopping service.
    * sintonizador de televisión = tuner.
    * sistema de televisión en color = colour system.
    * sketch de televisión = television sketch.
    * televisión analógica = analogue television.
    * televisión de pantalla de plasma = plasma screen television, plasma screen TV.
    * televisión de pantalla plana = flat-screen television, flat-screen TV.
    * televisión digital = digital television.
    * televisión interactiva = interactive television.
    * televisión, la = tube, the.
    * televisión plana = flat television, flat TV.
    * televisión por cable = cable television (CATV), CATV (cable television), cable TV.
    * televisión por satélite = satellite television.
    * televisión vía satélite = satellite television.
    * ver televisión = watch + television.
    * * *
    a) ( sistema) television
    b) ( programación) television
    c) ( televisor) television (set)
    * * *
    la televisión
    (n.) = tube, the

    Ex: And we can't do it if we're again slavishly and uncritically, for reasons of imagined cost savings, accepting every damn thing that comes out of the tube.

    = television, TV.

    Ex: Similarly, if we substitute 'mass media' for ' television' or 'transport' instead of 'land transport' specificity is lost.

    Ex: Indeed, for many children the language and stories heard and seen on TV far outweigh in quantity and influence the speech and stories of the people the children live among.
    * antena comunitaria de televisión = Communal Aerial TV (CATV).
    * anuncio publicitario por televisión = television commercial, television spot.
    * aparato de televisión = television set, TV set.
    * canal de televisión = television station, television channel.
    * comentarista de radio y/o televisión = broadcast commentator.
    * comentarista de televisión = talking head.
    * compañía de radio televisión = broadcaster.
    * compañía de televisión = television company.
    * compañía de televisión por cable = cable company.
    * creado especialmente para la televisión = made-for-television.
    * de la televisión o la radio = off the air.
    * difusión por radio y televisión = broadcast, broadcasting.
    * el ver televisión = television viewing.
    * esquech de televisión = television sketch.
    * estación de televisión = television station, broadcasting station.
    * estudio de televisión = television studio.
    * gran pantalla de televisión = large-screen television.
    * industria de la radio y televisión, la = broadcasting industry, the.
    * noticias de radio y = broadcast news.
    * pantalla de televisión = television screen, TV screen.
    * pantalla de televisión de plasma = plasma television screen.
    * pantalla de televisión plana = flat television screen, flat TV screen.
    * presentador de televisión = talking head, broadcaster.
    * programa de televisión = television programme, television broadcast, television show, TV show.
    * radio televisión = broadcasting.
    * retransmisión por televisión = televising.
    * retransmitido por televisión = televised.
    * retransmitir por televisión = televise.
    * sala de televisión = TV lounge.
    * salón de televisión = TV lounge.
    * serie de televisión = TV serial, television series.
    * servicio de compra por televisión = teleshopping service.
    * sintonizador de televisión = tuner.
    * sistema de televisión en color = colour system.
    * sketch de televisión = television sketch.
    * televisión analógica = analogue television.
    * televisión de pantalla de plasma = plasma screen television, plasma screen TV.
    * televisión de pantalla plana = flat-screen television, flat-screen TV.
    * televisión digital = digital television.
    * televisión interactiva = interactive television.
    * televisión, la = tube, the.
    * televisión plana = flat television, flat TV.
    * televisión por cable = cable television (CATV), CATV (cable television), cable TV.
    * televisión por satélite = satellite television.
    * televisión vía satélite = satellite television.
    * ver televisión = watch + television.

    * * *
    1 (sistema) television
    transmitieron la ceremonia por televisión the ceremony was broadcast o shown on television
    2 (programación) television
    ¿qué hay en (la) televisión? what's on television?
    le encanta ver or mirar (la) televisión he loves watching television
    un actor que trabaja/sale mucho en televisión an actor who does a lot of television work/who often appears on television
    3 (televisor) television, television set
    Compuestos:
    televisión a or en color(es)
    color* television
    high definition television, HDTV
    pay-per-view television
    black and white television
    closed circuit television, CCTV
    breakfast television
    subscription television, pay-as-you-view television
    cable television
    satellite television
    televisión terrestre or terrenal
    terrestrial television
    * * *

    televisión sustantivo femenino

    ¿qué hay en (la) televisión? what's on television?;

    lo transmitieron por televisión it was broadcast on television;
    televisión a or en color(es) color( conjugate color) television;
    televisión de alta definición high definition television, HDTV;
    televisión en blanco y negro black and white television;
    televisión en circuito cerrado closed circuit television;
    televisión por cable/por satélite cable/satellite television;
    televisión matinal breakfast television



    televisión sustantivo femenino
    1 television: no me gusta la televisión, I don't like television
    ¿qué ponen hoy en la televisión?, what's on television today?
    saldrá por televisión, it'll be on television
    televisión privada/ pública, private/public television
    2 (receptor de televisión) television (set)
    ' televisión' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    aborregar
    - alquiler
    - aparato
    - arreglo
    - bastar
    - concurso
    - conectar
    - definición
    - distraer
    - embrutecerse
    - emisora
    - estallar
    - fondón
    - fondona
    - hacer
    - imagen
    - llevarse
    - manca
    - manco
    - pantalla
    - programa
    - programar
    - programación
    - robar
    - sacar
    - salir
    - teleadicta
    - teleadicto
    - teleclub
    - telecomedia
    - telediario
    - telefilme
    - teleserie
    - televisiva
    - televisivo
    - televisor
    - titular1
    - TV
    - TVE
    - ver
    - alto
    - antena
    - anuncio
    - apagado
    - apagar
    - aparecer
    - atontar
    - cablevisión
    - embrutecer
    - encender
    English:
    advertise
    - appear
    - blur
    - boob tube
    - cable television
    - concurrent
    - doze off
    - episode
    - fluff
    - ITV
    - multimedia
    - pay-per-view
    - phone-in
    - prerecord
    - quiz
    - rerun
    - satellite TV
    - serial
    - switch on
    - television
    - television (set)
    - television programme
    - watch
    - breakfast
    - broadcaster
    - broadcasting
    - cable
    - CCTV
    - closed
    - color
    - glue
    - go
    - leave
    - making
    - monopolize
    - more
    - network
    - on
    - satellite
    - show
    - switch
    - tube
    - turn
    - TV
    - weather
    - will
    * * *
    1. [medio, sistema] television;
    ¿qué ponen hoy en o [m5] por la televisión? what's on television o TV today?;
    millones de personas lo vieron por televisión millions of people watched it on television;
    ve demasiada televisión she watches too much television
    televisión para abonados subscription television;
    televisión de alta definición high-definition television;
    Esp televisión autonómica regional television;
    televisión en blanco y negro black-and-white television;
    televisión por cable cable television;
    televisión a la carta TV on demand;
    televisión en color colour television;
    televisión digital digital television;
    televisión interactiva interactive television;
    televisión panorámica widescreen TV;
    televisión privada privately owned television;
    televisión pública public television;
    televisión por o vía satélite satellite television
    2. [aparato] television;
    encender o [m5] poner la televisión to switch on the television
    3. [empresa] television company;
    las televisiones privadas private television companies
    * * *
    f television
    * * *
    televisión nf, pl - siones : television, TV
    * * *
    televisión n television

    Spanish-English dictionary > televisión

  • 7 Poniatoff, Alexander Mathew

    [br]
    b. 25 March 1892 Kazan District, Russia
    d. 24 October 1980
    [br]
    Russian (naturalized American in 1932) electrical engineer responsible for the development of the professional tape recorder and the first commercially-successful video tape recorder (VTR).
    [br]
    Poniatoff was educated at the University of Kazan, the Imperial College in Moscow, and the Technische Hochschule in Karlsruhe, gaining degrees in mechanical and electrical engineering. He was in Germany when the First World War broke out, but he managed to escape back to Russia, where he served as an Air Force pilot with the Imperial Russian Navy. During the Russian Revolution he was a pilot with the White Russian Forces, and escaped into China in 1920; there he found work as an assistant engineer in the Shanghai Power Company. In 1927 he immigrated to the USA, becoming a US citizen in 1932. He obtained a post in the research and development department of the General Electric Company in Schenectady, New York, and later at Dalmo Victor, San Carlos, California. During the Second World War he was involved in the development of airborne radar for the US Navy.
    In 1944, taking his initials to form the title, Poniatoff founded the AMPEX Corporation to manufacture components for the airborne radar developed at General Electric, but in 1946 he turned to the production of audio tape recorders developed from the German wartime Telefunken Magnetophon machine (the first tape recorder in the truest sense). In this he was supported by the entertainer Bing Crosby, who needed high-quality replay facilities for broadcasting purposes, and in 1947 he was able to offer a professional-quality product and the business prospered.
    With the rapid post-war boom in television broadcasting in the USA, a need soon arose for a video recorder to provide "time-shifting" of live TV programmes between the different US time zones. Many companies therefore endeavoured to produce a video tape recorder (VTR) using the same single-track, fixed-head, longitudinal-scan system used for audio, but the very much higher bandwidth required involved an unacceptably high tape-speed. AMPEX attempted to solve the problem by using twelve parallel tracks and a machine was demonstrated in 1952, but it proved unsatisfactory.
    The development team, which included Charles Ginsburg and Ray Dolby, then devised a four-head transverse-scan system in which a quadruplex head rotating at 14,400 rpm was made to scan across the width of a 2 in. (5 cm) tape with a tape-to-head speed of the order of 160 ft/sec (about 110 mph; 49 m/sec or 176 km/h) but with a longitudinal tape speed of only 15 in./sec (0.38 m/sec). In this way, acceptable picture quality was obtained with an acceptable tape consumption. Following a public demonstration on 14 April 1956, commercial produc-tion of studio-quality machines began to revolutionize the production and distribution of TV programmes, and the perfecting of time-base correctors which could stabilize the signal timing to a few nanoseconds made colour VTRs a practical proposition. However, AMPEX did not rest on its laurels and in the face of emerging competition from helical scan machines, where the tracks are laid diagonally on the tape, the company was able to demonstrate its own helical machine in 1957. Another development was the Videofile system, in which 250,000 pages of facsimile could be recorded on a single tape, offering a new means of archiving information. By 1986, quadruplex VTRs were obsolete, but Poniatoff's role in making television recording possible deserves a place in history.
    Poniatoff was President of AMPEX Corporation until 1955 and then became Chairman of the Board, a position he held until 1970.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    A.Abrahamson, 1953, "A short history of television recording", Part I, JSMPTE 64:73; 1973, Part II, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, 82:188 (provides a fuller background).
    Audio Biographies, 1961, ed. G.A.Briggs, Wharfedale Wireless Works, pp. 255–61 (contains a few personal details about Poniatoff's escape from Germany to join the Russian Navy).
    E.Larsen, 1971, A History of Invention.
    Charles Ginsburg, 1981, "The horse or the cowboy. Getting television on tape", Journal of the Royal Television Society 18:11 (a brief account of the AMPEX VTR story).
    KF / GB-N

    Biographical history of technology > Poniatoff, Alexander Mathew

  • 8 Media

       The purpose of the media during the Estado Novo (1926-74) was to communicate official government policy. Therefore, the government strictly censored newspapers, magazines, and books. Radio and television broadcasting was in the hands of two state-owned companies: Radiodifusão Portuguesa (RDP) and Radiotelevisão Portuguesa (RTP). The first TV broadcasts aired in March 1957, and the official state visit of Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain to Portugal was featured. The only independent broadcasting company during the Estado Novo was the Catholic Church's Radio Renascença. Writers and journalists who violated the regime's guidelines were severely sanctioned. Under Prime Minister Marcello Caetano, censorship was relaxed somewhat, and writers were allowed to publish critical and controversial works without fear of punishment. Caetano attempted to "speak to the people" through television. Daily program content consisted of little more than government-controlled (and censored) news programs and dull documentaries.
       After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, censorship was abolished. As the revolution veered leftward, some sectors of the media were seized by opponents of the views they expressed. The most famous case was the seizure of Radio Renascença by those who sought to bring it into line with the drift leftward. State ownership of the media was increased after 25 April 1974, when banks were nationalized because most banks owned at least one newspaper. As the Revolution moderated and as banking was privatized during the 1980s and 1990s, newspapers were also privatized.
       The history of two major Lisbon dailies illustrates recent cycles of Portuguese politics and pressures. O Século, a major Lisbon daily paper was founded in 1881 and was influenced by Republican, even Masonic ideas. When the first Republic began in 1910, the editorials of O Século defended the new system, but the economic and social turmoil disillusioned the paper's directors. In 1924, O Século, under publisher João Pereira da Rosa, called for political reform and opposed the Democratic Party, which monopolized elections and power in the Republic. This paper was one of the two most important daily papers, and it backed the military coup of 28 May 1926 and the emergent military dictatorship. Over the history of the Estado Novo, this paper remained somewhat to the left of the other major daily paper in Lisbon, Diário de Notícias, but in 1972 the paper suffered a severe financial crisis and was bought by a Lisbon banker. During the more chaotic times after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, O Século experienced its own time of turmoil, in which there was a split between workers and editors, firings, resignations, and financial trouble. After a series of financial problems and controversy over procommunist staff, the paper was suspended and then ceased publication in February 1977. In the 1990s, there was a brief but unsuccessful attempt to revive O Século.
       Today, the daily paper with the largest circulation is Diário de Notícias of Lisbon, which was established in 1883. It became the major daily paper of record, but after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, like O Século, the paper suffered difficulties, both political and financial. One of its editors in the "hot" summer of 1975 was José Saramago, future Nobel Prize winner in literature, and there was an internal battle in the editorial rooms between factions. The paper was, like O Século, nationalized in 1976, but in 1991, Diário de Notícias was reprivatized and today it continues to be the daily paper of record, leading daily circulation.
       Currently, about 20 daily newspapers are published in Portugal, in Lisbon, the capital, as well as in the principal cities of Oporto, Coimbra, and Évora. The major Lisbon newspapers are Diário de Notícias (daily and newspaper of record), Publico (daily), Correia da Manha (daily), Jornal de Noticias (daily), Expresso (weekly), The Portugal News (English language weekly), The Resident (English language weekly), and Get Real Weekly (English language).
       These papers range from the excellent, such as Público and the Diário de Notícias, to the sensationalistic, such as Correio da Manhã. Portugal's premier weekly newspaper is Expresso, founded by Francisco Balsemão during the last years of Marcello Caetano's governance, whose modern format, spirit, and muted criticism of the regime helped prepare public opinion for regime change in 1974. Another weekly is O Independente, founded in 1988, which specializes in political satire. In addition to these newspapers, Portugal has a large number of newspapers and magazines published for a specific readership: sports fans, gardeners, farmers, boating enthusiasts, etc. In addition to the two state-owned TV channels, Portugal has two independent channels, one of which is operated by the Catholic Church. TV programming is now diverse and sophisticated, with a great variety of programs of both domestic and foreign content. The most popular TV programs have been soap operas and serialized novels ( telenovelas) imported from Brazil. In the 1990s, Portugal attempted to produce its own telenovelas and soap operas, but these have not been as popular as the more exotic Brazilian imports.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Media

  • 9 Campbell-Swinton, Alan Archibald

    [br]
    b. 18 October 1863 Kimmerghame, Berwickshire, Scotland
    d. 19 February 1930 London, England
    [br]
    Scottish electrical engineer who correctly predicted the development of electronic television.
    [br]
    After a time at Cargilfield Trinity School, Campbell-Swinton went to Fettes College in Edinburgh from 1878 to 1881 and then spent a year abroad in France. From 1882 until 1887 he was employed at Sir W.G.Armstrong's works in Elswick, Newcastle, following which he set up his own electrical contracting business in London. This he gave up in 1904 to become a consultant. Subsequently he was an engineer with many industrial companies, including the W.T.Henley Telegraph Works Company, Parson Marine Steam Turbine Company and Crompton Parkinson Ltd, of which he became a director. During this time he was involved in electrical and scientific research, being particularly associated with the development of the Parson turbine.
    In 1903 he tried to realize distant electric vision by using a Braun oscilloscope tube for the. image display, a second tube being modified to form a synchronously scanned camera, by replacing the fluorescent display screen with a photoconductive target. Although this first attempt at what was, in fact, a vidicon camera proved unsuccessful, he was clearly on the right lines and in 1908 he wrote a letter to Nature with a fairly accurate description of the principles of an all-electronic television system using magnetically deflected cathode ray tubes at the camera and receiver, with the camera target consisting of a mosaic of photoconductive elements that were scanned and discharged line by line by an electron beam. He expanded on his ideas in a lecture to the Roentgen Society, London, in 1911, but it was over twenty years before the required technology had advanced sufficiently for Shoenberg's team at EMI to produce a working system.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS (Member of Council 1927 and 1929). Freeman of the City of London. Liveryman of Goldsmiths' Company. First President, Wireless Society 1920–1. Vice-President, Royal Society of Arts, and Chairman of Council 1917–19,1920–2. Chairman, British Scientific Research Association. Vice-President, British Photographic Research Association. Member of the Broadcasting Board 1924. Vice-President, Roentgen Society 1911–12. Vice-President, Institution of Electrical Engineers 1921–5. President, Radio Society of Great Britain 1913–21. Manager, Royal Institution 1912–15.
    Bibliography
    1908, Nature 78:151; 1912, Journal of the Roentgen Society 8:1 (both describe his original ideas for electronic television).
    1924, "The possibilities of television", Wireless World 14:51 (gives a detailed description of his proposals, including the use of a threestage valve video amplifier).
    1926, Nature 118:590 (describes his early experiments of 1903).
    Further Reading
    The Proceedings of the International Conference on the History of Television. From Early Days to the Present, November 1986, Institution of Electrical Engineers Publication No. 271 (a report of some of the early developments in television). A.A.Campbell-Swinton FRS 1863–1930, Royal Television Society Monograph, 1982, London (a biography).
    KF

    Biographical history of technology > Campbell-Swinton, Alan Archibald

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    налог на добавленную стоимость
    НДС
    Способ налогообложения продаж (считающийся более справедливым по сравнению с акцизами, налогом на покупки и иными), один из косвенных налогов. Товары облагаются НДС на сумму стоимости, добавленной на каждом этапе их производства, обмена или перепродажи, НДС включается производителем или продавцом в цену. Применяются сниженные налоговые ставки НДС на некоторые социально-значимые товары (продовольственные товары и товары для детей, продукция СМИ и др.) Налогоплательщики получают право возврата выплаченных сумм при приобретении товаров (работ и услуг) на производственные нужды, а также при экспортных операциях.
    [ http://slovar-lopatnikov.ru/]

    EN

    value added tax
    VAT

    A tax on consumer expenditures that is levied on the proceeds of sales of goods (work or services) in the RF and customs value of goods imported into the RF. SOCHI 2014 must charge VAT where, particularly on the sale of merchandise. However, Russian VAT will not be levied on the sale of broadcasting and marketing rights by the IOC to companies not registered with the Russian tax authorities.
    [Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]

    Тематики

    Синонимы

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > налог на добавленную стоимость (НДС)

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