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41 Bacon, Francis Thomas
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 21 December 1904 Billericay, Englandd. 24 May 1992 Little Shelford, Cambridge, England[br]English mechanical engineer, a pioneer in the modern phase of fuel-cell development.[br]After receiving his education at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge, Bacon served with C.A. Parsons at Newcastle upon Tyne from 1925 to 1940. From 1946 to 1956 he carried out research on Hydrox fuel cells at Cambridge University and was a consultant on fuel-cell design to a number of organizations throughout the rest of his life.Sir William Grove was the first to observe that when oxygen and hydrogen were supplied to platinum electrodes immersed in sulphuric acid a current was produced in an external circuit, but he did not envisage this as a practical source of electrical energy. In the 1930s Bacon started work to develop a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell that operated at moderate temperatures and pressures using an alkaline electrolyte. In 1940 he was appointed to a post at King's College, London, and there, with the support of the Admiralty, he started full-time experimental work on fuel cells. His brief was to produce a power source for the propulsion of submarines. The following year he was posted as a temporary experimental officer to the Anti-Submarine Experimental Establishment at Fairlie, Ayrshire, and he remained there until the end of the Second World War.In 1946 he joined the Department of Chemical Engineering at Cambridge, receiving a small amount of money from the Electrical Research Association. Backing came six years later from the National Research and Development Corporation (NRDC), the development of the fuel cell being transferred to Marshalls of Cambridge, where Bacon was appointed Consultant.By 1959, after almost twenty years of individual effort, he was able to demonstrate a 6 kW (8 hp) power unit capable of driving a small truck. Bacon appreciated that when substantial power was required over long periods the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell associated with high-pressure gas storage would be more compact than conventional secondary batteries.The development of the fuel-cell system pioneered by Bacon was stimulated by a particular need for a compact, lightweight source of power in the United States space programme. Electro-chemical generators using hydrogen-oxygen cells were chosen to provide the main supplies on the Apollo spacecraft for landing on the surface of the moon in 1969. An added advantage of the cells was that they simultaneously provided water. NRDC was largely responsible for the forma-tion of Energy Conversion Ltd, a company that was set up to exploit Bacon's patents and to manufacture fuel cells, and which was supported by British Ropes Ltd, British Petroleum and Guest, Keen \& Nettlefold Ltd at Basingstoke. Bacon was their full-time consultant. In 1971 Energy Conversion's operation was moved to the UK Atomic Energy Research Establishment at Harwell, as Fuel Cells Ltd. Bacon remained with them until he retired in 1973.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsOBE 1967. FRS 1972. Royal Society S.G. Brown Medal 1965. Royal Aeronautical Society British Silver Medal 1969.Bibliography27 February 1952, British patent no. 667,298 (hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell). 1963, contribution in W.Mitchell (ed.), Fuel Cells, New York, pp. 130–92.1965, contribution in B.S.Baker (ed.), Hydrocarbon Fuel Cell Technology, New York, pp. 1–7.Further ReadingObituary, 1992, Daily Telegraph (8 June).A.McDougal, 1976, Fuel Cells, London (makes an acknowledgement of Bacon's contribution to the design and application of fuel cells).D.P.Gregory, 1972, Fuel Cells, London (a concise introduction to fuel-cell technology).GW -
42 BP
forkortelse for blood pressure, British Petroleum, British Pharmacopoeia, British Public -
43 BP
I сокр. от barometric pressure II сокр. от bills payableвекселя, подлежащие уплатеIII сокр. от blood pressure IV сокр. от British Patent V сокр. от British Petroleum"Бритиш петролеум" ( крупнейшая британская нефтяная компания)VI [ˌbiː'piː] сокр. от British Pharmacopoeia; мед.Британская фармакопея (сборник стандартов и положений, регламентирующих качество лекарственных средств Великобритании) -
44 BP
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45 BPC
1. back pressure control - система регулирования противодавления;2. bits per channel - число бит на канал;3. bonded phase chromatography - хроматография на неподвижной фазе;4. British Petroleum Company - нефтяная компания "Бритиш петролеум компани";5. British Pharmaceutical Codex - Британский фармацевтический кодекс;6. bus priority control - приоритетное управление шиной -
46 BP
abbrSee:* * *BPsigla -
47 BP
f.1 BP, British Petroleum Company.2 BP, British Pharmacopeia. -
48 BPC
сокр. [British Petroleum Company] Британская нефтяная компания -
49 company
фирма, компания
* * *
компания; фирмаfully integrated oil company — фирма, осуществляющая весь цикл работ с нефтью (от добычи до продажи готовых продуктов)
* * *
- National Iranian Gas Company
- Ocean Drilling and Exploration Company
- Standard Oil Company of California
- Standard Oil Company of New York
- Standard Oil Company of Ohio* * * -
50 B.P.C.
1) Юридический термин: Brown's Cases in Parliament2) Нефть: British Petroleum Co. -
51 BPAmoco
1) Нефть: British Petroleum Amoco Limited2) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: компания "Бритиш Петролеум Амоко Лимитед" -
52 SOCX
Железнодорожный термин: British Petroleum Oil Company -
53 Бритиш Петролеум
1) General subject: British Petroleum (крупнейшая нефтяная компания Великобритании)2) Makarov: BP -
54 компания BP
oil&gas: British Petroleum -
55 компания Бритиш петролеум
Polymers: British PetroleumУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > компания Бритиш петролеум
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56 нефтяная компания Бритиш петролеум компани
Engineering: British Petroleum CompanyУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > нефтяная компания Бритиш петролеум компани
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57 BP
N ABBR1) = British Petroleum2) = blood pressure TA -
58 BP
сокр. от British Petroleum -
59 BP
sigles BP ( British Petroleum, empresa britànica de petrolis) -
60 Amoco
"Амоко" ("Американ ойл компани")Нефтегазовая компания. Основана в 1889 как "Стандард ойл ов Индиана" [Standard Oil Company of Indiana; Standard Oil Company]. Владеет сетью заправочных станций [ gas station], автоклубом [ Amoco Motor Club], выпускает кредитную карточку [Amoco, oil company card]. Входит в список "Форчун-500" [ Fortune 500]. В 1998 слилась с английской корпорацией "Бритиш петролеум" [British Petroleum], образовав "Би-пи Амоко" [BP Amoco]. Штаб-квартира в г. Чикаго, шт. Иллинойс (занимает небоскреб [ skyscraper] "Амоко билдинг" [Amoco Building] высотой 346 м).тж AMOCO, American Oil Co.
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