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21 bosch
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22 Bosch
/bDjV n. prop. Бош, Хиеронимус (холандски сликар, 1450-1516) -
23 bosch
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24 bosch
n голландский маргарин -
25 Bosch, Carl
SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology[br]b. 27 August 1874 Cologne, Germanyd. 26 April 1940 Heidelberg, Germany[br]German industrial chemist who developed the industrial synthesis of ammonia.[br]Bosch spent a year as a metalworker before studying chemistry at Leipzig University, obtaining his doctorate in 1898. The following year, he entered Badische Soda-, Anilin Fabrik (BASF), the leading German manufacturer of dyestuflfs. Between 1902 and 1907 he spent much time investigating processes for nitrogen fixation. In 1908 Fritz Haber told BASF of his laboratory-scale synthesis of ammonia from its constituent elements, and in the following year Bosch was assigned to developing it to the industrial scale. Leading a large team of chemists and engineers, Bosch designed the massive pressure converter and other features of the process and was the first to use the water gas shift reaction to produce the large quantities of hydrogen that were required. By 1913 Bosch had completed the largest chemical engineering plant at BASF's works at Oppau, and soon it was producing 36,000 tons of ammonium sulphate a year. Bosch enlarged the Oppau plant and went on to construct a larger plant at Leuna.In 1914 Bosch was appointed a Director of BASF. At the end of the First World War he became Technical Adviser to the German delegation at the peace conference. During the 1920s BASF returned to its position of pre-eminence in high-pressure technology, thanks largely to Bosch's leadership. Although increasingly absorbed in administrative matters, Bosch was able to support the synthesis of methane and the hydrogenation of coal tar and lignite to make petrol. In 1925 BASF merged with other companies to form the giant IG Farbenindustrie AG, of which Bosch became Chairman of the Managing Board. His achievements received international recognition in 1931 when he was awarded, with F. Bergius, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for high-pressure synthesis.[br]Bibliography1932, Über die Entwicklung der chemischen Hochdruckindustrie bei der Aufbau der neuen Ammoniakindustrie.Further ReadingK.Holdermann, 1953, Carl Bosch, Leben und Werk.See also biographical memoir in Chemische Berichte 190 (1957), pp. xix–xxxix.LRD -
26 Bosch, Robert August
[br]b. 23 September 1861 Albeck, near Ulm, Germanyd. 9 March 1942 Stuttgart, Germany[br]German engineer, industrialist and pioneer of internal combustion engine electrical systems.[br]Robert was the eighth of twelve children of the landlord of a hotel in the village of Albeck. He wanted to be a botanist and zoologist, but at the age of 18 he was apprenticed as a precision mechanic. He travelled widely in the south of Germany, which is unusual for an apprenticeship. In 1884, he went to the USA, where he found employment with Thomas A. Edison and his colleague, the German electrical engineer Siegmund Bergmann. During this period he became interested and involved in the rights of workers.In 1886 he set up his own workshop in Stuttgart, having spent a short time with Siemens in England. He built up a sound reputation for quality, but the firm outgrew its capital and in 1892 he had to sack nearly all his employees. Fortunately, among the few that he was able to retain were Arnold Zähringer, who later became Manager, and an apprentice, Gottlieb Harold. These two, under Bosch, were responsible for the development of the low-tension (1897) and the high-tension (1902) magneto. They also developed the Bosch sparking plug, again in 1902. The distributor for multi-cylinder engines followed in 1910. These developments, with a strong automotive bias, were stimulated by Bosch's association with Frederick Simms, an Englishman domiciled in Hamburg, who had become a director of Daimler in Canstatt and had secured the UK patent rights of the Daimler engine. Simms went on to invent, in about 1898, a means of varying ignition timing with low-tension magnetos.It must be emphasized, as pointed out above, that the invention of neither type of magneto was due to Bosch. Nikolaus Otto introduced a crude low-tension magneto in 1884, but it was not patented in Germany, while the high-tension magneto was invented by Paul Winand, a nephew of Otto's partner Eugen Langen, in 1887, this patent being allowed to lapse in 1890.Bosch's social views were advanced for his time. He introduced an eight-hour day in 1906 and advocated industrial arbitration and free trade, and in 1932 he wrote a book on the prevention of world economic crises, Die Verhütung künftiger Krisen in der Weltwirtschaft. Other industrialists called him the "Red Bosch" because of his short hours and high wages; he is reputed to have replied, "I do not pay good wages because I have a lot of money, I have a lot of money because I pay good wages." The firm exists to this day as the giant multi-national company Robert Bosch GmbH, with headquarters still in Stuttgart.[br]Further ReadingT.Heuss, 1994, Robert Bosch: His Life and Achievements (trans. S.Gillespie and J. Kapczynski), New York: Henry Holt \& Co.JB -
27 Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
"Бош унд Сименс Хаусгерете ГмбХ", крупный международный концерн по производству бытовых электроприборов марок "Бош" (Bosch), "Сименс" (Siemens), владелец ряда региональных марок бытовой техники. Основан в 1967 г. компаниями "Роберт Бош ГмбХ" и "Сименс АГ" → Gesellschaft mit beschänkter Haftung, Robert Bosch GmbH, Siemens AGГермания. Лингвострановедческий словарь > Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
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28 Bosch Hieronymus
Hieronymus Bosch [haiə`roniməs bo∫]Иероним Босх (известный художник)Англо-русский универсальный дополнительный практический переводческий словарь И. Мостицкого > Bosch Hieronymus
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29 BOSCH alternator kit for assembling and disassembling pulleys
Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению > BOSCH alternator kit for assembling and disassembling pulleys
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30 Bosch Robert
Бош Роберт (1861-1942), электротехник, основатель электротехнического концерна. В 1886 г. открыл в Штутгарте мастерскую, в которой изготавливались электротехнические приборы (Werkstätte für Feinmechanik und Elektrotechnik) и были заняты сам владелец, ученик и мальчик-посыльный. Тогда Р.Бош объезжал своих клиентов на велосипеде. В 1901 г. была открыта первая фабрика → Robert Bosch GmbH -
31 Bosch ignition
Автомобильный термин: зажигание системы Бош -
32 Bosch D-Jetronic
сущ.авт. электронная система управления впрыскиванием бензина с датчиком давления (фирмы "Бош") -
33 Bosch K-Jetronic
сущ.авт. электромеханическая система непрерывного впрыскивания бензина (фирмы "Бош") -
34 Bosch L-Jetronic
сущ.авт. электронная система управления впрыскиванием бензина с ротаметрическим датчиком расхода воздуха (фирмы "Бош") -
35 Bosch LH-Jetronic
сущ.авт. электронная система управления впрыскиванием бензина с термоанемометрическим датчиком расхода воздуха (фирмы "Бош") -
36 Bosch-Motronic
сущ.авт. электронная система управления впрыскиванием и зажиганием бензина (фирмы "Бош") -
37 Bosch-Schwarzzahl
сущ.авт. число дымности ОГ по шкале фирмы "Бош" -
38 Bosch, Hieronymus
[bɔs hie'roːnymʊs]худ.Босх, Хиеронимус -
39 Bosch D-Jetronic
Deutsch-russische wörterbuch der automobil-und automotive service > Bosch D-Jetronic
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40 Bosch K-Jetronic
fDeutsch-russische wörterbuch der automobil-und automotive service > Bosch K-Jetronic
См. также в других словарях:
BOSCH (J.) — L’œuvre de Bosch, qui fut ensevelie pendant trois siècles, occupe en notre esprit une place majeure. Elle a donné lieu aux sentiments les plus contraires, et parfois simultanément. On la tint pour l’expression même du Moyen Âge; mais elle est… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Bosch — bezeichnet: Robert Bosch GmbH Bosch (Insel), eine im 18. Jahrhundert untergegangene Insel im niederländischen Wattenmeer (7414) Bosch, ein Asteroid des Hauptgürtels Bosch als Familienname: der Rotterdamer Familie Van den Bosch Bosch ist der… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Bosch — is a popular surname in Catalan and Dutch; it means forest. It may refer to:Places *Bosch, Buenos Aires, Argentina *Bosch (Netherlands)People: *Carl Bosch (1874 ndash;1940), German chemist, Nobel laureate and engineer *David Bosch (1929… … Wikipedia
Bösch — ist der Name von: August Bösch (1857–1911), Schweizer Bildhauer Bernd Bösch (* 1961), österreichischer Politiker David Bösch (* 1978), deutscher Theaterregisseur Dina Bösch (* 1960), Gewerkschafterin Frank Bösch (* 1969), deutscher Historiker… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Bosch — Bosch, Andrés Bosch, Hieronymus van Aken Bosch, Juan Bosch, Karl * * * (as used in expressions) Bosch, Hië ronymus Bosch (Gaviño), Juan Haber Bosch, proceso de … Enciclopedia Universal
bosch — bosch·bok; bosch·vark; bosch·veld; roo·i·bosch; sui·ker·bosch; … English syllables
Bosch [2] — Bosch, 1) Hieronymus van Aken (Aken), genannt B., niederländ. Maler, geb. um 1462 in Herzogenbusch (Bosch), woher sein Name, gest. daselbst 1516, stand noch unter der Herrschaft der van Eyckschen Malerei, trug aber wesentlich dazu bei, das Gebiet … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Bosch — Bosch, Bosc L équivalent catalan ou occitan du très répandu patronyme français Dubois. Celui qui habite près du bois, qui est originaire d un lieu dit (el) Bosc. A noter qu on trouve aussi le nom Bosch en Alsace ou en Allemagne, avec un sens à… … Noms de famille
Bosch [1] — Bosch, 1) so v.w. Herzogenbusch; 2) B. van Haag, so v.w. Haage scher Busch … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Bosch [2] — Bosch, 1) Hieronymus, so v.w. Bos 1); 2) Hieronymus de B., geb. 1740 in Amsterdam; war Anfangs Apotheker, dann Stadtsecretär in Amsterdam u. st. 1811 in Leyden als Curator der dortigen Universität. Er schr.: Poemata. Leyden 1803, 2. A. 1808; gab… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Bosch [1] — Bosch, Ort im Distrikt Beni Suef der ägypt. Provinz (Mudirieh) Beni Suef, mit (1897) 11,347 Einw … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon