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81 электрон бета-распада
1) Engineering: disintegration electron2) Makarov: beta-decay electronУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > электрон бета-распада
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82 betanedbryting
subst. (energi) beta decay -
83 betanedbrytning
subst. (energi) beta decay -
84 амплитуда бета-распада
Русско-английский физический словарь > амплитуда бета-распада
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85 безнейтринный двойной бета-распад
Русско-английский физический словарь > безнейтринный двойной бета-распад
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86 бета-распад нейтрона
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87 бета-распад ядер
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88 двойной бета-распад
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89 двухнейтринный бета-распад
Русско-английский физический словарь > двухнейтринный бета-распад
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90 двухнейтринный двойной бета-распад
Русско-английский физический словарь > двухнейтринный двойной бета-распад
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91 обратный бета-распад
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92 одиночный бета-распад
Русско-английский физический словарь > одиночный бета-распад
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93 отношение вероятностей альфа- и бета-распада
Русско-английский физический словарь > отношение вероятностей альфа- и бета-распада
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94 сверхразрешённый бета-распад
Русско-английский физический словарь > сверхразрешённый бета-распад
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95 теория бета-распада
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96 Betazerfall
Betazerfall m beta decay [disintegration]Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik > Betazerfall
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97 teoria Fermiego rozpadu
• Fermi beta-decaySłownik polsko-angielski dla inżynierów > teoria Fermiego rozpadu
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98 бета-распад
м. физ. -
99 электрон
м. electronвторичный электрон — secondary electron; multiplier electron
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100 Fermi, Enrico
[br]b. 29 September 1901 Rome, Italyd. 28 November 1954 Chicago, USA[br]Italian nuclear physicist.[br]Fermi was one of the most versatile of twentieth-century physicists, one of the few to excel in both theory and experiment. His greatest theoretical achievements lay in the field of statistics and his theory of beta decay. His statistics, parallel to but independent of Dirac, were the key to the modern theory of metals and the statistical modds of the atomic nucleus. On the experimental side, his most notable discoveries were artificial radioactivity produced by neutron bombardment and the realization of a controlled nuclear chain reaction, in the world's first nuclear reactor.Fermi received a conventional education with a chemical bias, but reached proficiency in mathematics and physics largely through his own reading. He studied at Pisa University, where he taught himself modern physics and then travelled to extend his knowledge, spending time with Max Born at Göttingen. On his return to Italy, he secured posts in Florence and, in 1927, in Rome, where he obtained the first Italian Chair in Theoretical Physics, a subject in which Italy had so far lagged behind. He helped to bring about a rebirth of physics in Italy and devoted himself to the application of statistics to his model of the atom. For this work, Fermi was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1938, but in December of that year, finding the Fascist regime uncongenial, he transferred to the USA and Columbia University. The news that nuclear fission had been achieved broke shortly before the Second World War erupted and it stimulated Fermi to consider this a way of generating secondary nuclear emission and the initiation of chain reactions. His experiments in this direction led first to the discovery of slow neutrons.Fermi's work assumed a more practical aspect when he was invited to join the Manhattan Project for the construction of the first atomic bomb. His small-scale work at Columbia became large-scale at Chicago University. This culminated on 2 December 1942 when the first controlled nuclear reaction took place at Stagg Field, Chicago, an historic event indeed. Later, Fermi spent most of the period from September 1944 to early 1945 at Los Alamos, New Mexico, taking part in the preparations for the first test explosion of the atomic bomb on 16 July 1945. President Truman invited Fermi to serve on his Committee to advise him on the use of the bomb. Then Chicago University established an Institute for Nuclear Studies and offered Fermi a professorship, which he took up early in 1946, spending the rest of his relatively short life there.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Physics 1938.Bibliography1962–5, Collected Papers, ed. E.Segrè et al., 2 vols, Chicago (includes a biographical introduction and bibliography).Further ReadingL.Fermi, 1954, Atoms in the Family, Chicago (a personal account by his wife).E.Segrè, 1970, Enrico Fermi, Physicist, Chicago (deals with the more scientific aspects of his life).LRD
См. также в других словарях:
beta decay — beta skilimas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. beta decay; beta particle decay; beta particle disintegration vok. Beta Umwandlung, f; Beta Zerfall, m rus. бета распад, m pranc. désintégration bêta, f; transformation bêta, f;… … Fizikos terminų žodynas
beta decay — beta skilimas statusas T sritis apsauga nuo naikinimo priemonių apibrėžtis Savaiminis branduolio virsmas, kai branduolys spinduliuoja elektroną arba pozitroną. Beta skilimo metu atsiranda naujo elemento branduolys, nepakitus masės skaičiui.… … Apsaugos nuo naikinimo priemonių enciklopedinis žodynas
beta decay — beta skilimas statusas T sritis Standartizacija ir metrologija apibrėžtis Beta dalelės išspinduliavimas iš radioaktyviojo atomo branduolio. atitikmenys: angl. beta decay vok. Beta Zerfall, m rus. бета распад, m pranc. désintégration bêta, f … Penkiakalbis aiškinamasis metrologijos terminų žodynas
beta decay — beta skilimas statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Beta dalelės išspinduliavimas iš radioaktyviojo atomo branduolio. atitikmenys: angl. beta decay; beta desintegration; beta particle desintegration rus. бета распад … Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas
beta decay — n. radioactive disintegration of a nucleus with the accompanying emission of a beta particle: the residual nucleus has one more unit of positive charge after electron emission and one less after positron emission … English World dictionary
Beta decay — Nuclear physics Radioactive decay Nuclear fission Nuclear fusion Classical decays … Wikipedia
beta decay — Physics. a radioactive process in which a beta particle is emitted from the nucleus of an atom, raising the atomic number of the atom by one if the particle is negatively charged, lowering it by one if positively charged. [1930 35] * * * Any of… … Universalium
beta decay — noun radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus that is accompanied by the emission of a beta particle • Hypernyms: ↑decay, ↑radioactive decay, ↑disintegration * * * ˈbeta decay 7 [beta decay] noun … Useful english dictionary
beta-decay electron — beta skilimo elektronas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. beta decay electron; beta disintegration electron vok. Beta Umwandlungselektron, n; Beta Zerfallselektron, n rus. электрон бета распада, m pranc. électron de désintégration bêta … Fizikos terminų žodynas
beta decay energy — beta skilimo energija statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. beta decay energy; beta disintegration energy vok. Beta Zerfallsenergie, f rus. энергия бета распада, f pranc. énergie de désintégration bêta, f … Fizikos terminų žodynas
beta decay series — beta skilimų grandinėlė statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. beta decay series; beta disintegration series vok. Beta Zerfallsreihe, f rus. цепочка бета распадов, f pranc. série de désintégration bêta, f … Fizikos terminų žodynas