beat+poetry

1) General subject: cadence, measure, meter, metre (мера), metre-stick (линейка), tape measure (приспособление для измерения длины)

2) Naval: metre (3, 281 английских фунтов)

3) Poetry: cadency

4) French: maitre

5) Architecture: metre (meter) measure

6) Music: beat

7) Drilling: m (meter)

8) Chemical weapons: meter (м)

9) Makarov: meter (мера длины)

1) General subject: break, caesura, intermission, interregnum, interval, pause, period, stop, beat (в речи)

2) Aviation: timeout

3) Medicine: standstill

4) Poetry: cesure

5) Engineering: interval (промежуток времени), off period (в телеграфии), off-period (в телеграфии), repose, rest (покоя), silence, space (в телеграфии), speech-off (в речи), stand, time gap, wasting

6) Cinema: blank

7) Forestry: freshening interval

8) Metallurgy: cooling cycle (при контактной сварке), cooling period (при контактной сварке), downtime, pause time, time out of rolls (время между пропусками в клети)

9) Music: hold, rest

10) Telecommunications: rest time

11) Electronics: quiescent period, space impulse, space pulse, space signal, spacing signal

12) Information technology: interruption

13) Communications: gap, quiescent interval, silent interval, spacing interval

14) Geophysics: off-time

15) Metrology: idle period

16) Mechanics: backoff

17) Drilling: cooling cycle, hang

18) Telegraphy: spacing element, spacing pulse

19) Makarov: dwell

20) Internet: Space (В телекоммуникациях - отсутствие сигнала. Пауза эквивалентна логическому нулю)

1) soft (blautr sem silkiræma); blautr fiskr, fresh fish, opp. to ‘harðr fiskr’; frá blautu barns beini, from very babyhood;

2) effeminate, timorous, weak (fár er gamall harðr, ef hann er í bernsku blautr);

3) wet, soaked (þar vóru vellir blautir, því at regn höfðu verit).

* * *

adj. [A. S. bleât = miser; Germ. blozs = nudus; Scot. blait = nudus (Jamieson); Dan. blöd; Swed. blödig = soft; the Dan. and Swed. blott, blotted, = stripped, are borrowed from Germ.; Ivar Aasen distinguishes between blaú = shy, and blaut = wet, damp; blauðr and blautr are no doubt only variations of the same word].

I. soft, Lat. mollis, in a good sense; this sense of the word remains only in a few compds, v. above, and in a few phrases, e. g. frá blautu barns beini, from babyhood, Fms. iii. 155, Magn. 522, Al. 71; b. fiskr, fresh ( soft) fish, Bs. i. 853, opp. to harðr ( dried) fiskr; in Swed., however, it means soaked fish: in poetry, b. sæing, a soft bed, Gísl. (in a verse): of stuffs, but only in less classical writers or translated romances; b. purpuri, Bret. 32; lerépt, Sks. 400 A; dúnn, Mart. 126; blautir vindar, soft breezes, Sks. 214 B: a single exception is, Edda 19, fjöturinn var sléttr ok b. sem silkiræma, soft and smooth as silk lace.

2. = blauðr, faint, imbecile; blautir menn, Al. 34, Fas. i. 161: a paraphrasis of blauðr in Fm. 6.

II. but commonly metaph. = soaked, wet, miry, [cp. Swed. blöt, and the phrase, lägga sit hufuud í blöt, to beat one’s brains: cp. also bleyta, mud; bloti, thaw; blotna, to melt]; þar vóru vellir blautir, því at regn höfðu verit, Eg. 528; keldur blautar, 266; þeir fengu ekki blautt um Valbjarnar-völlu, Bs. i. 509, etc.; cp. Scot. and North. E. soft road, soft weather, = wet, Scott’s Black Dwarf, ch. 3 note.

- książka o kimś/czymś a book about a. on sb/sth

- ustawa o pornografii the law on pornography

- o czym jest ten film? what is the film about?

- mówić/myśleć o kimś/czymś to talk/think about a. of sb/sth

- dyskutować o czymś to discuss sth

- zapytać o kogoś/coś to ask about sb/sth

- zapytaj kogoś o godzinę/drogę ask somebody the time/way

- zapytała go o cenę she asked him about the price

- wiedzieć o kimś/czymś to know about sb/sth

- nic mi o tym nie wiadomo I know nothing about it

- nie zapomnij o jej urodzinach don’t forget (about) her birthday

- nie miała pojęcia o poezji she knew nothing about poetry

- co sądzisz o tej książce? what do you think of this book?

- był przekonany o swojej racji he was convinced he was right

- proces o zabójstwo a murder trial

- oskarżony o zdradę stanu accused of high treason

- martwić się o kogoś/coś to worry about sb/sth

- gniewać się o coś to be angry a. cross GB about sth

- być zazdrosnym o kogoś/coś to be jealous of sb/sth

- o co masz do mnie żal? what have I done to upset you?

- prosić o coś to ask for sth

- poproś go o kawałek chleba ask him for a piece of bread

- poprosimy go o zmianę decyzji we’ll ask him to change the decision

- chciałbym cię o coś poprosić I’d like to ask you something, there’s something I’d like to ask you

- dbać o zęby/włosy to care for one’s teeth/hair

- dbać o figurę to watch one’s figure a. weight

- wystąpić o stypendium to apply for a grant/scholarship

- zabiegać o poparcie to seek support

- walczyć o przetrwanie to fight for survival

- rywalizować o pierwsze miejsce to compete for first place

- proszę o spokój! quiet, please!

- pasażerów uprasza się o niepalenie passengers are kindly requested not to smoke

- kłótnia o coś a quarrel about a. over sth

- wojna o granice a war over the borders

- sprzeczać się o drobiazgi to quarrel over trifles

- uderzyć głową/kolanem o coś to hit a. bang one’s head/knee on a. against sth

- fale uderzały o skały the waves beat against the cliffs

- odbijali piłkę o ścianę they were bouncing the ball against the wall

- koła stukały o szyny the wheels clattered on the rails

- rozerwał marynarkę o gwóźdź he tore his jacket on a nail

- oparł drabinę o ścianę he leant the ladder against the wall

- o (godzinie) czwartej at four (o’clock)

- o wpół do dziewiątej at half past eight

- o świcie/zmroku at dawn/dusk

- o północy at midnight

- wstał o zwykłej godzinie he got up at his usual hour

- wzrosnąć/obniżyć się o 10% to rise/fall by 10 per cent

- wzrost/spadek zatrudnienia o 2% a two per cent rise/fall a. drop in employment

- o dwa centymetry dłuższy/krótszy two centimetres longer/shorter

- o połowę krótszy/tańszy half the length/price

- o dziesięć lat starszy/młodszy ten years older/younger

- jest ode mnie wyższy o pół głowy he’s half a head taller than me

- o wiele lepszy/większy far better/bigger

- te buty są o dwa numery za duże these shoes are two sizes too big

- mieszkamy o trzy domy dalej we live three houses further on a. down the road

- wyprzedzał ich o trzy metry/sekundy he was three metres/seconds ahead of them

- spóźniła się o godzinę she was an hour late

- spałeś o godzinę dłużej ode mnie you slept an hour longer than me

- może się pan pomylić o dziesięć lat your answer must be correct to within ten years

- dziewczyna o niebieskich oczach i jasnych włosach a girl with blue eyes and fair hair

- mydło o zapachu cytryny lemon-scented soap

- film o żywej akcji a well-paced film

- koło o średnicy/promieniu metra a circle one metre in diameter/with a one-metre radius

- odcinek drogi o długości ośmiu kilometrów an eight-kilometre stretch of the road

- poruszać się o kulach to walk on crutches

- wstać o własnych siłach to get up on one’s own a. unaided

- żyć o chlebie i wodzie to live on bread and water

cālīgo ( call-), ĭnis, f. [root cal-, cover; cf.: oc-culo, clam, cella], a thick atmosphere, a mist, vapor, fog (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

suffundere caelum caligine,

Lucr. 6, 479; 6, 461; 6, 92:

(ignis) piceă crassus caligine,

Verg. G. 2, 309; cf. id. A. 9, 36; Liv. 29, 27, 7:

densa caligo occaecaverat diem,

id. 33, 7, 2; cf. Suet. Ner. 19:

fumidam a terră exhalari caliginem,

Plin. 2, 42, 42, § 111:

caligo aestuosa,

Col. 11, 2, 53 (for which, id. 11, 2, 57:

nebulosus aestus): pruinae et caligo,

id. 3, 2, 4; cf. Pall. Febr. 9, 2.—Also in plur.:

inter caligines,

Col. 3, 1, 7.—Hence,

Transf.

(Causa pro effectu.) Darkness, obscurity, gloom (produced by mist, fog, etc.; freq. with tenebrae;

class. in prose and poetry): mi ob oculos caligo obstitit, Plaut Mil. 2, 4, 51: cum altitudo caliginem oculis obfudisset,

i. e. had caused dizziness, Liv. 26, 45, 3:

erat in tantā calligine major usus aurium quam oculorum,

id. 22, 5, 3 Weissenb.: noctem insequentem eadem calligc obtinuit;

sole orto est discussa,

id. 29, 27, 7:

nox terram caligine texit,

Lucr. 6, 853; 5, 649:

caeca noctis,

id. 4, 457:

caecae umbra,

id. 3, 305; cf. Verg. A. 3, 203:

quam simul agnorunt inter caliginis umbras,

Ov. M. 4, 455:

ara obscurā caligine tecta,

Cic. Arat. 194.—With tenebrae, Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 44; Curt. 9, 4, 18; Lampr. Comm. 16.—In later writers also with a gen.:

caligo tenebrarum,

Quint. Decl. 18, 7; cf. Sen. Agam. 472 Heins.;

and inversely: tenebris illunae caliginis impeditus,

App. M. 9, p. 214.—

Trop.

In gen., mental blindness, dulness of perception:

quod videbam equidem, sed quasi per caliginem: praestrinxerat aciem animi D. Bruti salus,

Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 3; so id. Fin. 5, 15, 43: adhuc tamen [p. 270] per caliginem video, Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 8: caecā mentem caligine consitus, * Cat. 64, 207:

Augustus... omnibus omnium gentium viris magnitudine suā inducturus caliginem,

to throw into the shade, Vell. 2, 37, 1. —

Of dark, difficult circumstances, calamity, affliction, gloom:

vide nunc caliginem temporum illorum,

Cic. Planc. 40, 96:

superioris anni,

id. post Red. in Sen. 3, 5:

an qui etesiis, qui per cursum rectum regnum tenere non potuerunt, nunc caecis tenebris et caligine se Alexandriam perventuros arbitrati sunt?

id. Agr. 2, 17, 44:

illa omnis pecunia latuit in illā caligine ac tenebris, quae totam rem publicam tum occuparant,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177:

ecce illa tempestas, caligo bonorum, tenebrae rei publicae,

id. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

tantum caliginis, tantum perturbationis offusum,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 16:

quaedam scelerum offusa caligo,

Quint. 9, 3, 47.—

In medic. lang., as a disease of the eyes, dim-sightedness, weakness of the eyes, Cels. 6, 6, n. 32; Plin. 20, 7, 26, § 61; 20, 23, 95, § 254; 25, 13, 92, § 144; 32, 9, 31, § 97; 34, 11, 27, § 114; Scrib. Comp. 179.

cālīgo, āre, v. n. [1. caligo].

To emit vapor or steam, to steam, reek:

amnes aestate vaporatis, hieme frigidis nebulis caligent,

Col. 1, 5, 4:

aram tenui caligans vestiet umbrā,

Cic. Arat. 205 (449); cf.:

omnem quae nunc Mortalis hebetat visus tibi et umida circum Caligat, nubem eripiam,

Verg. A. 2, 606.—

Transf.

To be involved in darkness, to be dark, gloomy:

caligare oculos,

darkness covers the eyes, Lucr. 3, 157; Verg. G. 4, 468; Stat. Th. 1, 95. —

Poet.:

altae caligantesque fenestrae,

dizzy, Juv. 6, 31.—

Trop., of the understanding, to be blind, to be surrounded by darkness, to grope about:

orbatae caligant vela carinae,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 238:

caligare ad pervidendum,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 1, 1:

virtus inhorrescit ad subita, et caligabit, si, etc.,

id. Ep. 57, 4; Plin. 30, 1, 1, § 2; Quint. Decl. 18 fin.:

rex caligare alto in solio, nec pondera regni posse pati,

Sil. 14, 88.—Prov.:

caligare in sole,

to grope in broad daylight, Quint. 1, 2, 19.—

In medic. lang., of the eyes, to suffer from weakness, be weak, Cels. 6, 6, 32; Plin. 20, 22, 87, § 239; cf. id. 11, 37, 54, § 147.— Transf., of the person, to be dim-sighted:

caligans Thyestes,

Mart. 10, 4, 1; Scrib. Comp. 184.

con-sisto, stĭti, stĭtum, 3, v. n., to place one's self anywhere, to stand still, stand, halt, stop, make a stop (very freq. and class. in prose and poetry).

Lit.

In gen.:

jam hunc non ausim praeterire, quin consistam et conloquar,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 4, 14:

otiose nunc jam ilico hic consiste,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 2:

ubi ad ipsum veni diverticulum, constiti,

id. Eun. 4, 2, 7; cf. Hor. S. 1, 9, 62:

uti et viatores consistere cogant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 5:

neque is (Demosthenes) consistens in loco, sed inambulans atque ascensu ingrediens arduo,

Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261:

si ludius constitit aut tibicen repente conticuit,

id. Har. Resp. 11, 23; cf. id. Arch. 8, 19:

plura scribam ad te cum constitero: nunc eram plane in medio mari,

id. Att. 5, 12, 3: constitit nusquam primo quam ad Vada venit, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 2:

in quibus oppidis consistere praetores et conventum agere solebant,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 28:

Romae post praeturam,

id. ib. 2, 1, 39, §

101: ire modo ocius, interdum consistere,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 9:

in muro consistendi potestas erat nulli,

Caes. B. G. 2, 6:

omnes ordines, tota in illā contione Italia constitit,

Cic. Sest. 50, 107:

ad mensam consistere et ministrare,

id. Tusc. 5, 21, 61; so,

ad aras,

Ov. M. 10, 274:

ad ramos,

id. ib. 10, 510:

ante domum,

id. ib. 2, 766:

ante torum,

id. ib. 15, 653:

in aede,

id. ib. 15, 674:

in medio,

id. ib. 10, 601; and with a simple abl.:

limine,

id. ib. 4, 486; 9, 397; Stat. Th. 1, 123; Verg. A. 1, 541:

post eum,

Quint. 1, 10, 27:

in pedes,

Sen. Ep. 121, 9:

calce aliquem super ipsum debere consistere,

trample on, Cels. 8, 14, 19.—

In partic.

To set, become hard or solid:

frigore constitit Ister,

has been frozen, Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 1; cf.

unda,

id. M. 9, 662: sanguis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 38:

alvus,

Cato, R. R. 126; 156, 4; cf.:

cum jam perfecte mustum deferbuit et constitit,

Col. 12, 21, 3:

album ex ovo, quo facilius consistat,

Cels. 4, 20, 15.—

Cum aliquo, to station or place one's self with some one for conversation, to stand with:

in hoc jam loco cum altero Constitit,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 31; id. Curc. 4, 2, 16 sq.:

cum hoc consistit, hunc amplexatur,

Cic. Verr. 1, 7, 19.—

To take one's place, take position, assume a place or attitude for an action, etc.;

of a musician: ut constitit,

Suet. Ner. 21;

of an actor: in scaenā vero postquam solus constitit,

Phaedr. 5, 5, 13;

of an orator: in communibus suggestis,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59:

Aesopus mediā subito in turbā constitit,

Phaedr. 4, 5, 29;

for shooting: post acer Mnestheus adducto constitit arcu,

Verg. A. 5, 507; cf.

of athletes, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 426; Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83:

inter duas acies,

Liv. 7, 10, 9:

cum aliquo,

Petr. 19, 5.—Hence,

Milit. t. t., to halt, make a halt, take a position, to make a stand (opp. to a march, flight, or disorder):

locus, ubi constitissent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

qui in superiore acie constiterant,

id. ib. 1, 24; cf.:

in sinistrā parte acies,

id. ib. 2, 23:

in fluctibus,

id. ib. 4, 24:

sub muro,

id. ib. 7, 48:

juxta,

id. ib. 2, 26 al.:

pro opere,

Sall. J. 92, 8:

equites Ariovisti pari intervallo constiterunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 43:

constitit utrumque agmen,

Liv. 21, 46, 4:

sic regii constiterant,

id. 42, 58, 10 et saep.:

ut reliquae (legiones) consistere non auderent,

Caes. B. G. 2, 17:

in locis superioribus consistere,

id. ib. 3, 6:

a fugā,

Liv. 10, 36, 11:

naves eorum nostris adversae constiterunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14.—

Jurid. t. t., to appear as accuser before a court of justice:

cum debitoribus,

Dig. 5, 3, 49:

cum matre,

Sen. Ira, 2, 7, 3:

adversus dominos,

Dig. 5, 1, 53.—

Poet.:

fert animus propius consistere,

i. e. take a nearer view, Ov. A. A. 3, 467.—

To have a stand as a dealer, occupy a place of business:

ede ubi consistas,

Juv. 3, 296:

in tabernā,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 5 Müll.:

IN SCHOLA,

Inscr. Orell. 4085; cf.:

locum consistendi Romanis in Galliā non fore,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37; 7, 42.—

Trop.

In gen., to rest, remain, stand, Lucr. 2, 332; cf. id. 2, 322:

patiamini eo transire illius turpitudinis infamiam, ubi cetera maleficia consistunt,

Cic. Clu. 30, 83; cf.:

ut unde orta culpa esset, ibi poena consisteret,

Liv. 28, 26, 3:

ante oculos rectum pietasque pudorque constiterant,

Ov. M. 7, 73. —

In partic.

To pause, to dwell upon, delay, stop:

in uno nomine,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 38, § 95:

ipsa mihi veritas manum inicit et paulisper consistere et commorari cogit,

id. Rosc. Com. 16, 48; cf. id. de Or. 3, 31, 124:

in singulis,

id. Part. Or. 35, 120.— Impers. pass.:

ista quae spectantur, ad quae consistitur,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 4.—

(Acc. to I. B. 2.) To be or remain firm, unshaken, immovable, steadfast, to be at rest, to stand one's ground, to continue, endure, subsist, be, exist:

mente consistere,

Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 68; so,

neque mente nec linguā neque ore,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2:

praeclare in forensibus causis,

id. Or. 9, 30:

in dicendo,

id. Clu. 39, 108:

verbo quidem superabis me ipso judice, re autem ne consistes quidem ullo judice,

id. Caecin. 21, 59; cf.

of the cause itself: quia magistratus aliquis reperiebatur, apud quem Alfeni causa consisteret,

id. Quint. 22, 71; cf.

also: modo ut tibi constiterit fructus otii tui,

id. Fam. 7, 1, 1:

in quo (viro) non modo culpa nulla, sed ne suspitio quidem potuit consistere,

id. Rosc. Am. 52, 152; cf. id. Clu. 29, 78:

confiteor... me consistere in meo praesidio sic, ut non fugiendi hostis sed capiendi loci causā cessisse videar,

id. de Or. 2, 72, 294:

vitam consistere tutam,

to remain, continue safe, Lucr. 6, 11 Lachm. N. cr.:

constitit in nullā qui fuit ante color,

Ov. A. A. 1, 120:

sunt certi denique fines, Quos ultra citraque nequit consistere rectum,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 107; Plin. 14, 6, 8, § 68:

quales cum vertice celso Aëriae quercus constiterunt,

Verg. A. 3, 679:

nullo in loco, nullā in personā... consistunt (ista quae vires atque opes humanae vocantur),

Val. Max. 6, 9, ext. 7: spes est hunc miserum aliquando tandem posse consistere, to take a firm stand (the figure derived from fleeing soldiers), Cic. Quint. 30, 94:

si prohibent consistere vires,

Ov. M. 7, 573.—

Cum aliquo, to agree with: videsne igitur Zenonem tuum cum Aristone verbis consistere, re dissidere, cum Aristotele et illis re consentire, verbis discrepare, Cic. Fin. 4, 26, 72.—

In gen., to be, exist:

vix binos oratores laudabiles constitisse,

Cic. Brut. 97, 333:

sine agricultoribus nec consistere mortales nec ali posse manifestum est,

Col. 1, praef. § 6; Varr. R. R. 3, 8 fin.:

quadringentis centum Venerios non posse casu consistere,

to occur, lake place, be thrown, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 48: summa studia officii inter nos certatim constiterunt, Lentul. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 3: sed non in te quoque constitit idem Exitus, take or have place, Ov. M. 12, 297.—

With in, ex, or the simple abl. (in Quint. also with circa and inter; v. infra), to consist in or of, to depend upon:

major pars victūs eorum in lacte, caseo, carne consistit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 22:

omnis per se natura duabus Constitit in rebus,

Lucr. 1, 420:

e quibus haec rerum summa consistat,

id. 1, 236; so with ex, id. 1, 839; 1, 873 al.; with abl.:

deveniunt in talis disposturas, Qualibus haec rerum consistit summa,

id. 1, 1028; 5, 61; 5, 66:

vita omnis in venationibus atque in studiis rei militaris consistit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 21:

in eo salus et vita optimi cujusque consistit,

Cic. Phil. 3, 8, 19:

in hoc summa judicii causaque tota consistit,

id. Quint. 9, 32; cf. id. de Or. 1, 40, 182:

causam belli in personā tuā,

id. Phil. 2, 22, 53:

in quibus vita beata,

id. Tusc. 5, 14, 40:

in unā honestate omne bonum,

id. ib. 5, 14, 42:

in nomine controversia,

Quint. 7, 3, 7; 8, 3, 57:

in actu rhetoricen,

id. 2, 18, 2; 6, 3, 42:

spes omnis consistebat Datami in se locique naturā,

Nep. Dat. 8, 3.—With abl., Quint. 12, 10, 59:

omnis quaestio circa res personasque consistere videtur,

id. 3, 5, 7; 6, 3, 19:

quaestio inter utile atque honestum consistet,

id. 3, 8, 24. —

As opp. to progressive motion, to come to a stand, stand still, stop, rest, take rest, cease:

sola Ubi quiesco, omnis familiae causa consistit tibi,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 9:

omnis administratio belli consistit,

Caes. B. C. 2, 12:

vel concidat omne caelum omnisque terra consistat necesse est,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 23, 54:

forensium rerum labor et ambitionis occupatio constitisset,

id. de Or. 1, 1, 1:

usura,

id. Att. 6, 1, 7: diarroia, id. Fam. 7, 26, 2; cf.:

videndum, morbus an increscat, an consistat, an minuatur,

remains unchanged, Cels. 3, 2; and:

cursus pituitae,

id. 6, 6:

cum ad Trebiam terrestre constitisset bellum,

Liv. 21, 49, 1:

cum bellum Ligustinum ad Pisas constitisset,

id. 35, 4, 1; 22, 32, 4:

infractaque constitit ira,

Ov. M. 6, 627:

Gaius ejusque posteri in equestri ordine constitere usque ad Augusti patrem,

Suet. Aug. 2; cf.:

maledictum, quod intra verba constitit,

stopped at, went no farther than, Quint. Decl. 279.

a. = constituo formerly stood Lucr. 6, 11; Sall. J. 49, 6; but these passages are corrected in recent editions. It is now found only Gell. 5, 10, 9, a doubtful passage, where Hertz reads: cum ad judices coniiciendae [consistendae] causae gratiā venissent.

con-tundo, tŭdi, tūsum (tunsum, Plin. 21, 27, 101, § 174; 28, 16, 62, § 221 al.), 3 ( perf. contūdit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 891 P., or Ann. v. 482 Vahl.; but contŭdit, id. ap. Prisc. l. l., or Ann. v. 387 Vahl.), v. a., to beat, bruise, grind, crush, pound, break to pieces (syn.: confringo, debilito; very freq. and class. in prose and poetry; not in Quint.; for in 11, 2, 13, confudit is the better reading).

Lit.

In gen.: oleas in lentisco, Cato. [p. 461] R. R. 7, 4 (cited ap. Varr. R. R. 1, 60):

thymum in pila,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 14; cf.:

radices ferreis pilis,

Col. 7, 7, 2: florem nullo aratro, * Cat. 62, 40:

colla,

Col. 6, 2, 8; 6, 14, 3: classis victa, fusa, contusa, fugataque est, Inscr. ap. Liv. 40, 52, 6:

aliquem male fustibus,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 1, 4; cf.:

aliquem pugnis,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 46; and:

pugiles caestibus contusi,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 40:

aliquem saxis,

Hor. Epod. 5, 98:

pectus ictu,

Ov. M. 12, 85:

faciem planā palmā (with caedere pectus pugnis),

Juv. 13, 128:

contusi ac debilitati inter saxa rupesque,

Liv. 21, 40, 9:

hydram,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 10:

nares a fronte resimas,

to squeeze together, press in, Ov. M. 14, 96.—With acc. of part:

asper equus duris contunditur ora lupatis,

Ov. Am. 1, 2, 15.— Poet. of the beating to pieces of crops by hail:

vites grando,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 5 (cf. id. C. 3, 1, 29: non verberatae grandine vineae);

and of lameness produced by disease, etc.: postquam illi justa cheragra Contudit articulos ( = debilitavit nodis),

id. S. 2, 7, 16 (cf. Pers. 5, 58: cum lapidosa cheragra fregerit articulos, has crippled).—

In medic. lang.: contūsum ( - tun-sum), i, n., a bruise, contusion (cf. contusio), Scrib. Comp. 209; Cels. 5, 28, 14; Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 136 sq. al.—

Trop., to break, lessen, weaken, destroy, subdue, put down, baffle, check, etc. (syn.: frango, obtero, vinco): virosque valentes contudit crudelis hiems, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 891 P.; cf. id. Ann. v. 387 and 482 Vahl.:

corpora conturbant magno contusa labore,

Lucr. 4, 958:

populos feroces,

Verg. A. 1, 264:

ferocem Hannibalem,

Liv. 27, 2, 2:

nostrae opes contusae hostiumque auctae erant,

Sall. J. 43, 5:

contudi animum et fortasse vici,

Cic. Att. 12, 44, 3; cf.:

animos feros placidā arte,

Ov. A. A. 1, 12:

contudi et fregi exsultantis praedonis audaciam,

Cic. Phil. 13, 13, 29:

calumniam et stultitiam (with obtrivit),

id. Caecin. 7, 18:

regum tumidas minas,

Hor. C. 4, 3, 8:

impetus,

id. ib. 3, 6, 10:

ingenium patientia longa laborum,

Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 31:

facta Talthybi,

i. e. to surpass by my own, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 33. (But in Lucr. 5, 692, concludit is the right reading, Lachm., Munro.)

dĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 (dixe for dixisse, Val. Ant. ap. Arn. 5, 1; DICASSIT dixerit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 75, 15; rather = dicaverit), v. a. [orig. the same word with 2. dīco; cf. the meaning of abdĭco and abdīco, of indĭco and indīco, dedĭco, no. II. A. al., Corss. Ausspr. 1, 380].

To proclaim, make known. So perh. only in the foll. passage: pugnam, Lucil. ap. Non. 287, 30.—Far more freq.,

Relig. t. t., to dedicate, consecrate, devote any thing to a deity or to a deified person (for syn. cf.: dedico, consecro, inauguro).

Prop.: et me dicabo atque animam devotabo hostibus, Att. ap. Non. 98, 12:

donum tibi (sc. Jovi) dicatum atque promissum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72; cf.:

ara condita atque dicata,

Liv. 1, 7 (for which aram condidit dedicavitque, id. 28, 46 fin.); so,

aram,

id. 1, 7; 1, 20:

capitolium, templum Jovis O. M.,

id. 22, 38 fin.:

templa,

Ov. F. 1, 610:

delubrum ex manubiis,

Plin. 7, 26, 27, § 97:

lychnuchum Apollini,

id. 34, 3, 8, § 14:

statuas Olympiae,

id. 34, 4, 9, § 16:

vehiculum,

Tac. G. 40:

carmen Veneri,

Plin. 37, 10, 66, § 178; cf. Suet. Ner. 10 fin. et saep.:

cygni Apollini dicati,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 73.—

With a personal object, to consecrate, to deify (cf. dedico, no. II. A. b.):

Janus geminus a Numa dicatus,

Plin. 34, 7, 16, § 34:

inter numina dicatus Augustus,

Tac. A. 1, 59.—

Transf., beyond the relig. sphere.

To give up, set apart, appropriate a thing to any one: recita;

aurium operam tibi dico,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 72; so,

operam,

id. Ps. 1, 5, 147; Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 12:

hunc totum diem tibi,

Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7:

tuum studium meae laudi,

id. Fam. 2, 6, 4:

genus (orationis) epidicticum gymnasiis et palaestrae,

id. Or. 13, 42:

librum Maecenati,

Plin. 19, 10, 57, § 177; cf.:

librum laudibus ptisanae,

id. 18, 7, 15, § 75 al.:

(Deïopeam) conubio jungam stabili propriamque dicabo,

Verg. A. 1, 73; cf. the same verse, ib. 4, 126:

se Crasso,

Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 11; cf.: se Remis in clientelam, * Caes. B. G. 6, 12, 7:

se alii civitati,

to become a free denizen of it, Cic. Balb. 11, 28;

for which: se in aliam civitatem,

id. ib. 12 fin. —

(I. q. dedico, no. II. A.) To consecrate a thing by using it for the first time:

nova signa novamque aquilam,

Tac. H. 5, 16.— Hence, dĭcātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to no. II.), devoted, consecrated, dedicated:

loca Christo dedicatissima, August. Civ. Dei, 3, 31: CONSTANTINO AETERNO AVGVSTO ARRIVS DIOTIMVS... N. M. Q. (i. e. numini majestatique) EIVS DICATISSIMVS,

Inscr. Orell. 1083.

dīco, xi, ctum, 3 ( praes. DEICO, Inscr. Orell. 4848; imp. usu. dic; cf. duc, fac, fer, from duco, etc., DEICVNTO, and perf. DEIXSERINT, P. C. de Therm. ib. 3673; imp. dice, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 298, 29 Müll.; Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 109; id. Bac. 4, 4, 65; id. Merc. 1, 2, 47 al.; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 21; fut. dicem = dicam, Cato ap. Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 72, 6 Müll.—Another form of the future is dicebo, Novius ap. Non. 507 (Com. v. 8 Rib.). — Perf. sync.:

dixti,

Plaut. As. 4, 2, 14; id. Trin. 2, 4, 155; id. Mil. 2, 4, 12 et saep.; Ter. And. 3, 1, 1; 3, 2, 38; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 100 et saep.; Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 10; id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; id. Caecin. 29, 82; acc. to Quint. 9, 3, 22.— Perf. subj.:

dixis,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 46; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.:

dixem = dixissem,

Plaut. Pseud. 1, 5, 84; inf. dixe = dix isse, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 105, 23; Varr. ib. 451, 16; Arn. init.; Aus. Sept. Sap. de Cleob. 8; inf. praes. pass. dicier, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 32; Vatin. in Cic. Fam. 5, 9 al.), v. a. [root DIC = DEIK in deiknumi; lit., to show; cf. dikê, and Lat. dicis, ju-dex, dicio], to say, tell, mention, relate, affirm, declare, state; to mean, intend (for syn. cf.: for, loquor, verba facio, dicto, dictito, oro, inquam, aio, fabulor, concionor, pronuntio, praedico, recito, declamo, affirmo, assevero, contendo; also, nomino, voco, alloquor, designo, nuncupo; also, decerno, jubeo, statuo, etc.; cf. also, nego.—The person addressed is usually put in dat., v. the foll.: dicere ad aliquem, in eccl. Lat., stands for the Gr. eipein pros tina, Vulg. Luc. 2, 34 al.; cf. infra I. B. 2. g).

Lit.

In gen.:

Amphitruonis socium nae me esse volui dicere,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 228:

advenisse familiarem dicito,

id. ib. 1, 1, 197:

haec uti sunt facta ero dicam,

id. ib. 1, 1, 304; cf. ib. 2, 1, 23:

signi dic quid est?

id. ib. 1, 1, 265:

si dixero mendacium,

id. ib. 1, 1, 43; cf.

opp. vera dico,

id. ib. 1, 1, 238 al.:

quo facto aut dicto adest opus,

id. ib. 1, 1, 15; cf.:

dictu opus est,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 68:

nihil est dictu facilius,

id. Phorm. 2, 1, 70:

turpe dictu,

id. Ad. 2, 4, 11:

indignis si male dicitur, bene dictum id esse dico,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 27:

ille, quem dixi,

whom I have mentioned, named, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45 et saep.: vel dicam = vel potius, or rather:

stuporem hominis vel dicam pecudis attendite,

Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30; cf.:

mihi placebat Pomponius maxime vel dicam minime displicebat,

id. Brut. 57, 207; so id. ib. 70, 246; id. Fam. 4, 7, 3 al.—

Dicitur, dicebatur, dictum est, impers. with acc. and inf., it is said, related, maintained, etc.; or, they say, affirm, etc.: de hoc (sc. Diodoro) Verri dicitur, habere eum, etc., it is reported to Verres that, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18:

non sine causa dicitur, ad ea referri omnes nostras cogitationes,

id. Fin. 3, 18, 60; so,

dicitur,

Nep. Paus. 5, 3; Quint. 5, 7, 33; 7, 2, 44; Ov. F. 4, 508:

Titum multo apud patrem sermone orasse dicebatur, ne, etc.,

Tac. H. 4, 52; so,

dicebatur,

id. A. 1, 10:

in hac habitasse platea dictum'st Chrysidem,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 1:

dictum est,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 38, 56; Quint. 6, 1, 27:

ut pulsis hostibus dici posset, eos, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 3. Cf. also: hoc, illud dicitur, with acc. and inf., Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 72; id. de Or. 1, 33, 150; Quint. 4, 2, 91; 11, 3, 177 al. —Esp. in histt. in reference to what has been previously related:

ut supra dictum est,

Sall. J. 96, 1:

sicut ante dictum est,

Nep. Dion. 9, 5; cf. Curt. 3, 7, 7; 5, 1, 11; 8, 6, 2 et saep.—

(See Zumpt, Gram. § 607.) Dicor, diceris, dicitur, with nom. and inf., it is said that I, thou, he, etc.; or, they say that I, thou, etc.:

ut nos dicamur duo omnium dignissimi esse,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 47: cf. Quint. 4, 4, 6:

dicar Princeps Aeolium carmen ad Italos Deduxisse modos,

Hor. Od. 3, 30, 10 al.:

illi socius esse diceris,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 72: aedes Demaenetus ubi [p. 571] dicitur habitare, id. As. 2, 3, 2:

qui (Pisistratus) primus Homeri libros confusos antea sic disposuisse dicitur, ut nunc habemus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 34, 137 et saep.:

quot annos nata dicitur?

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 89:

is nunc dicitur venturus peregre,

id. Truc. 1, 1, 66 et saep. In a double construction, with nom. and inf., and acc. and inf. (acc. to no. b. and c.): petisse dicitur major Titius... idque ab eis facile (sc. eum) impetrasse, Auct. B. Afr. 28 fin.; so Suet. Oth. 7.—

Dictum ac factum or dictum factum (Gr. hama epos hama ergon), in colloq. lang., no sooner said than done, without delay, Ter. And. 2, 3, 7:

dictum ac factum reddidi,

it was "said and done" with me, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 12; 5, 1, 31; cf.:

dicto citius,

Verg. A. 1, 142; Hor. S. 2, 2, 80; and:

dicto prope citius,

Liv. 23, 47, 6.—

In partic.

Pregn.

To assert, affirm a thing as certain (opp. nego):

quem esse negas, eundem esse dicis,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12; cf.:

dicebant, ego negabam,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 5; and:

quibus creditum non sit negantibus, iisdem credatur dicentibus?

id. Rab. Post. 12, 35.—

For dico with a negative, nego is used, q. v.; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 799;

but: dicere nihil esse pulchrius, etc.,

Liv. 30, 12, 6; 21, 9, 3 Fabri; so,

freq. in Liv. when the negation precedes,

id. 30, 22, 5; 23, 10, 13 al.; cf. Krebs, Antibar. p. 355.—

dico is often inserted parenthetically, to give emphasis to an apposition:

utinam C. Caesari, patri, dico adulescenti contigisset, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 49; id. Tusc. 5, 36, 105; id. Planc. 12, 30; Quint. 9, 2, 83; cf. Cic. Or. 58, 197; id. Tusc. 4, 16, 36; Sen. Ep. 14, 6; id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 1, 6, 24:

ille mihi praesidium dederat, cum dico mihi, senatui dico populoque Romano,

Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 20; Sen. Ep. 83, 12; Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 2; 3, 2, 2.—

In rhetor. and jurid. lang., to pronounce, deliver, rehearse, speak any thing.

With acc.:

oratio dicta de scripto,

Cic. Planc. 30 fin.; cf.:

sententiam de scripto,

id. Att. 4, 3, 3:

controversias,

Quint. 3, 8, 51; 9, 2, 77:

prooemium ac narrationem et argumenta,

id. 2, 20, 10:

exordia,

id. 11, 3, 161:

theses et communes locos,

id. 2, 1, 9:

materias,

id. 2, 4, 41:

versus,

Cic. Or. 56, 189; Quint. 6, 3, 86:

causam, of the defendant or his attorney,

to make a defensive speech, to plead in defence, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5; id. Quint. 8; id. Sest. 8; Quint. 5, 11, 39; 7, 4, 3; 8, 2, 24 al.; cf.

causas (said of the attorney),

Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5; 2, 8, 32 al.:

jus,

to pronounce judgment, id. Fl. 3; id. Fam. 13, 14; hence the praetor's formula: DO, DICO, ADDICO; v. do, etc.—

With ad and acc. pers., to plead before a person or tribunal:

ad unum judicem,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 10:

ad quos? ad me, si idoneus videor qui judicem, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 72; Liv. 3, 41.—

With ad and acc. of thing, to speak in reference to, in reply to:

non audeo ad ista dicere,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 32, 78; id. Rep. 1, 18, 30.—

Absol.:

nec idem loqui, quod dicere,

Cic. Or. 32:

est oratoris proprium, apte, distincte, ornate dicere,

id. Off. 1, 1, 2; so,

de aliqua re pro aliquo, contra aliquem, etc., innumerable times in Cic. and Quint.: dixi, the t. t. at the end of a speech,

I have done, Cic. Verr. 1 fin. Ascon. and Zumpt, a. h. 1.;

thus, dixerunt, the t. t. by which the praeco pronounced the speeches of the parties to be finished,

Quint. 1, 5, 43; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 6, 4, 7.— Transf. beyond the judicial sphere:

causam nullam or causam haud dico,

I have no objection, Plaut. Mil. 5, 34; id. Capt. 3, 4, 92; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 42.—

To describe, relate, sing, celebrate in writing (mostly poet.):

tibi dicere laudes,

Tib. 1, 3, 31; so,

laudes Phoebi et Dianae,

Hor. C. S. 76:

Dianam, Cynthium, Latonam,

id. C. 1, 21, 1:

Alciden puerosque Ledae,

id. ib. 1, 12, 25:

caelestes, pugilemve equumve,

id. ib. 4, 2, 19:

Pelidae stomachum,

id. ib. 1, 6, 5:

bella,

id. Ep. 1, 16, 26; Liv. 7, 29:

carmen,

Hor. C. 1, 32, 3; id. C. S. 8; Tib. 2, 1, 54:

modos,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 7:

silvestrium naturas,

Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 138 et saep.:

temporibus Augusti dicendis non defuere decora ingenia,

Tac. A. 1, 1; id. H. 1, 1:

vir neque silendus neque dicendus sine cura,

Vell. 2, 13.—

Of prophecies, to predict, foretell:

bellicosis fata Quiritibus Hac lege dico, ne, etc.,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 58:

sortes per carmina,

id. A. P. 403:

quicquid,

id. S. 2, 5, 59:

hoc (Delphi),

Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 43 et saep.—

To pronounce, articulate a letter, syllable, word: Demosthenem scribit Phalereus, cum Rho dicere nequiret, etc., Cic. Div. 2, 46, 96; id. de Or. 1, 61, 260; Quint. 1, 4, 8; 1, 7, 21 al.—

To call, to name: habitum quendam vitalem corporis esse, harmoniam Graii quam dicunt, Lucr. 3, 106; cf.: Latine dicimus elocutionem, quam Graeci phrasin vocant, Quint. 8, 1, 1:

Chaoniamque omnem Trojano a Chaone dixit,

Verg. A. 3, 335:

hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

Hor. Od. 1, 2, 50:

uxor quondam tua dicta,

Verg. A. 2, 678 et saep. —Prov.:

dici beatus ante obitum nemo debet,

Ov. M. 3, 135.—

To name, appoint one to an office:

ut consules roget praetor vel dictatorem dicat,

Cic. Att. 9, 15, 2: so,

dictatorem,

Liv. 5, 9; 7, 26; 8, 29:

consulem,

id. 10, 15; 24, 9; 26, 22 (thrice):

magistrum equitum,

id. 6, 39:

aedilem,

id. 9, 46:

arbitrum bibendi,

Hor. Od. 2, 7, 26 et saep.—

To appoint, set apart. fix upon, settle:

nam mea bona meis cognatis dicam, inter eos partiam,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 113; cf. Pompon. ap. Non. 280, 19:

dotis paululum vicino suo,

Afran. ib. 26:

pecuniam omnem suam doti,

Cic. Fl. 35: quoniam inter nos nuptiae sunt dictae, Afran. ap. Non. 280, 24; cf.:

diem nuptiis,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 75:

diem operi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57:

diem juris,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 16:

diem exercitui ad conveniendum Pharas,

Liv. 36, 8; cf. id. 42, 28, and v. dies:

locum consiliis,

id. 25, 16:

leges pacis,

id. 33, 12; cf.:

leges victis,

id. 34, 57:

legem tibi,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 18; Ov. M. 6, 137; cf.:

legem sibi,

to give sentence upon one's self, id. ib. 13, 72:

pretium muneri,

Hor. C. 4, 8, 12 et saep.—With inf.: prius data est, quam tibi dari dicta, Pac. ap. Non. 280, 28. — Pass. impers.:

eodem Numida inermis, ut dictum erat, accedit,

Sall. J. 113, 6.—

To utter, express, esp. in phrases:

non dici potest, dici vix potest, etc.: non dici potest quam flagrem desiderio urbis,

Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 17, 5:

dici vix potest quanta sit vis, etc.,

id. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127; id. Or. 17, 55; id. Red. ad Quir. 1, 4; cf. Quint. 2, 2, 8; 11, 3, 85.—

(Mostly in colloq. lang.) Alicui, like our vulg. to tell one so and so, for to admonish, warn, threaten him:

dicebam, pater, tibi, ne matri consuleres male,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 88; cf. Nep. Datam. 5; Ov. Am. 1, 14, 1.—Esp. freq.:

tibi (ego) dico,

I tell you, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 30; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 76; id. Men. 2, 3, 27; id. Mil. 2, 2, 62 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 2, 33 Ruhnk.; id. ib. 4, 4, 23; id. Eun. 2, 3, 46; 87; Phaedr. 4, 19, 18; cf.:

tibi dicimus,

Ov. H. 20, 153; id. M. 9, 122; so, dixi, I have said it, i. e. you may depend upon it, it shall be done, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 90; 92.—

Dicere sacramentum or sacramento, to take an oath, to swear; v. sacramentum.

Transf., i. q. intellego, Gr. phêmi, to mean so and so; it may sometimes be rendered in English by namely, to wit:

nec quemquam vidi, qui magis ea, quae timenda esse negaret, timeret, mortem dico et deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 86; id. de Or. 3, 44, 174: M. Sequar ut institui divinum illum virum, quem saepius fortasse laudo quam necesse est. At. Platonem videlicet dicis, id. Leg. 3, 1:

uxoris dico, non tuam,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 30 et saep.—Hence, dictum, i, n., something said, i. e. a saying, a word.

In gen.: haut doctis dictis certantes sed male dictis, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 274 Vahl.; acc. to Hertz.: nec maledictis); so,

istaec dicta dicere,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 40:

docta,

id. ib. 2, 2, 99; id. Men. 2, 1, 24; Lucr. 5, 113; cf.

condocta,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 3:

meum,

id. As. 2, 4, 1:

ridiculum,

id. Capt. 3, 1, 22:

minimum,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9:

ferocibus dictis rem nobilitare,

Liv. 23, 47, 4 al.:

ob admissum foede dictumve superbe,

Lucr. 5, 1224; cf.

facete,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 73; id. Poen. 3, 3, 24; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 57; Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104 al.:

lepide,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 103:

absurde,

id. Capt. 1, 1, 3:

vere,

Nep. Alc. 8, 4:

ambigue,

Hor. A. P. 449 et saep.—Pleon.:

feci ego istaec dicta quae vos dicitis (sc. me fecisse),

Plaut. Casin. 5, 4, 17.—

In partic.

A saying, maxim, proverb:

aurea dicta,

Lucr. 3, 12; cf.

veridica,

id. 6, 24: Catonis est dictum. Pedibus compensari pecuniam, Cic. Fl. 29 fin. Hence, the title of a work by Caesar: Dicta collectanea (his Apophthegmata, mentioned in Cic. Fam. 9, 16), Suet. Caes. 56.—Esp. freq.,

For facete dictum, a witty saying, bon-mot, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 54 fin. (cf. Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 1 fin.); Cic. Phil. 2, 17; Quint. 6, 3, 2; 16; 36; Liv. 7, 33, 3; Hor. A. P. 273 et saep.; cf. also, dicterium.—

Poetry, verse (abstr. and concr.): dicti studiosus, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

rerum naturam expandere dictis,

Lucr. 1, 126; 5, 56:

Ennius hirsuta cingat sua dicta corona,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 61.—

A prediction, prophecy, Lucr. 1, 103; Verg. A. 2, 115; Val. Fl. 2, 326 al.; cf. dictio.—

An order, command:

dicto paruit consul,

Liv. 9, 41; cf. Verg. A. 3, 189; Ov. M. 8, 815:

haec dicta dedit,

Liv. 3, 61; cf. id. 7, 33; 8, 34; 22, 25 al.: dicto audientem esse and dicto audire alicui, v. audio.—

A promise, assurance:

illi dixerant sese dedituros... Cares, tamen, non dicto capti, etc.,

Nep. Milt. 2, 5; Fur. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 34.

dĭes (dīes, Liv. Andron. Fragm. Odys. 7), ēi ([etilde]ī, Verg. A. 4, 156; Hor. S. 1, 8, 35 et saep.;

dissyl.: di-ei,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 31; also gen. dies, die, and dii—dies, as in acies, facies, pernicies, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 9, 14; Ann. v. 401 Vahl.; Cic. Sest. 12, 28 ap. Gell. l. l.:

die,

Prisc. p. 780 P.; even in Verg. G. 1, 208, where Gellius reads dies, v. Wagner ad loc., nearly all MSS. have die; cf. Rib. and Forbig. ad loc.; so,

die,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 59; id. Capt. 4, 2, 20; Caes. B. G. 7, 11, 5; id. B. C. 1, 14, 3; 3, 76, 2; Just. 2, 11, 17; cf. Oud. ad B. G. 2, 23, 1. Die appears to be certain in Sall. J. 52, 3; 97, 3. Also in Cic. Sest. 12, 28, Gellius reads dies, where our MSS., except the Cod. Lamb., have diei;

perh. those words do not belong to Cicero himself. Form dii,

Verg. A. 1, 636, Rib. and Forbig. after Serv. and Gell. l. l.— Dat., diēī, saep. die, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 120, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 1, 208; Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 48; id. Capt. 3, 1, 4; id. Trin. 4, 2, 1;

once dii,

id. Merc. 1, Prol. 13; cf. Roby, Gram. 1, 121 sq.); m. (in sing. sometimes f., esp. in the signif. no. I. B. 1.) [root Sanscr. dī, gleam: dinas, day; Gr. dios, heavenly; cf. Lat. Jovis (Diovis), Diana, deus, dīvus, etc. Old form, dius (for divus); cf.: nudius, diu, etc. The word also appears in composition in many particles, as pridem, hodie, diu, etc., v. Corss. Auspr. 2, 855 sq.], a day (cf.: tempus, tempestas, aetas, aevum, spatium, intervallum).

Lit.

In gen., the civil day of twenty-four hours.

Masc.:

dies primus est veris in Aquario... dies tertius... dies civiles nostros, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1; cf. Plin. 2, 77, 79, § 188; Macr. S. 1, 3; Gell. 3, 2: REBVS IVRE IVDICATIS TRIGINTA DIES IVSTI SVNTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; and 15, 13 fin.; for which;

per dies continuos XXX., etc.,

Gai. Inst. 3, 78: multa dies in bello conficit unus, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 297 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

non uno absolvam die,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 73:

hic dies,

id. Aul. 4, 9, 11:

hic ille est dies,

id. Capt. 3, 3, 3:

ante hunc diem,

id. ib. 3, 4, 101:

illo die impransus fui,

id. Am. 1, 1, 98; cf.:

eo die,

Caes. B. G. 1, 22 fin.; 2, 6; 2, 32 fin.; 4, 11, 4; 5, 15 fin. et saep.:

postero die,

id. ib. 1, 15, 1; 3, 6, 3 et saep.; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17; Sall. J. 29, 5; 38, 9 et saep.:

in posterum diem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 41 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 65 fin. et saep.:

diem scito esse nullum, quo die non dicam pro reo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3:

domi sedet totos dies,

Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 34:

paucos dies ibi morati,

Caes. B. G. 7, 5, 4:

dies continuos XXX. sub bruma esse noctem,

id. ib. 5, 13, 3:

hosce aliquot dies,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 4; cf. id. Eun. 1, 2, 71 et saep.:

festo die si quid prodegeris,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 10; so,

festus,

id. Cas. 1, 49; id. Poen. 3, 5, 13; 4, 2, 26 et saep.—

Fem. (freq. in poetry metri gratiā; rare in prose), postrema, Enn. ap. Gell. 9, 14:

omnia ademit Una dies,

Lucr. 3, 912; cf. id. 3, 921; 5, 96 and 998: homines, qui ex media nocte ad proximam mediam noctem in his horis XXIV. nati sunt, una die nati dicuntur, Varr. ap. Gell. 3, 2, 2 (uno die, Macr. S. 1, 3):

quibus effectis armatisque diebus XXX., a qua die materia caesa est,

Caes. B. C. 1, 36 fin.:

Varronem profiteri, se altera die ad colloquium venturum,

id. ib. 3, 19, 4 (for which, shortly before: quo cum esset postero die ventum); cf.:

postera die,

Sall. J. 68, 2 (for which, in the same author, more freq.:

postero die): pulchra,

Hor. Od. 1, 36, 10:

suprema,

id. ib. 1, 13, 20:

atra,

Verg. A. 6, 429:

tarda,

Ov. M. 15, 868 et saep.—(But Caes. B. C. 3, 26, 1; 3, 37, 1, read altero, tertio.)—

Connections:

postridie ejus diei, a favorite expression of Caesar,

Caes. B. G. 1, 23, 1: 1, 47, 2; 1, 48, 2 et saep., v. postridie;

and cf.: post diem tertium ejus diei,

Cic. Att. 3, 7; Sulpic. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 2; Liv. 27, 35:

diem ex die exspectabam,

from day to day, id. ib. 7, 26 fin.; cf.:

diem ex die ducere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 5; for which also: diem de die prospectans, Liv. 5, 48; and: diem de die differre, id. 25, 25: LIBRAS FARRIS ENDO DIES DATO, for every day, day by day, daily, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; cf.:

affatim est hominum, in dies qui singulas escas edunt,

Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 10; so,

in dies,

every day, Cic. Top. 16, 62; Caes. B. G. 3, 23, 7; 5, 58, 1; 7, 30, 4; Vell. 2, 52, 2; Liv. 21, 11 Drak.; 34, 11 al.; less freq. in sing.:

nihil usquam sui videt: in diem rapto vivit,

Liv. 22, 39; cf.:

mutabilibus in diem causis (opp. natura perpetua),

id. 31, 29 (in another signif. v. the foll., no. II. A. 3); and: cui licet in diem ( = singulis diebus, daily) dixisse Vixi, etc., Hor. Od. 3, 29, 42. And still more rarely: ad diem, Treb. Gallien. 17; Vop. Firm. 4:

ante diem, v. ante.—Die = quotidie or in diem,

daily, Verg. E. 2, 42; 3, 34:

quos mille die victor sub Tartara misi,

id. A. 11, 397:

paucissimos die composuisse versus,

Quint. 10, 3, 8:

saepius die,

Plin. 15, 6, 6, § 22: die crastini, noni, pristini, quinti, for die crastino, nono, etc., v. h. vv. crastinus, nonus, etc.; and cf. Gell. 10, 24; Macr. S. 1, 4.—

In partic.

A set day, appointed time, term in the widest sense of the word (for appearing before court, in the army, making a payment, etc.).

Masc.: MORBVS SONTICVS... STATVS DIES CVM HOSTE... QVID HORVM FVIT VNVM IVDICI ARBITROVE REOVE DIES DIFFISVS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12; Fest. p. 273, 26 Müll.; for which: STATVS CONDICTVSVE DIES CVM HOSTE, acc. to Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4;

and with comic reference to the words of this law,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5 (found also in Macr. S. 1, 16);

and freq.: status dies,

Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 1; Suet. Claud. 1; Flor. 1, 13, 16 et saep.:

hic nuptiis dictus est dies,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 75; cf.:

dies colloquio dictus est ex eo die quintus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 42, 4; so,

dictus,

id. ib. 5, 27, 5:

iis certum diem conveniendi dicit,

id. ib. 5, 57, 2:

die certo,

Sall. J. 79, 4; cf.

constituto,

id. ib. 13 fin.:

decretus colloquio,

id. ib. 113, 3:

praestitutus,

Liv. 3, 22:

praefinitus,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 109; Gell. 16, 4, 3:

ascriptus,

Phaedr. 4, 11, 8 et saep.:

quoniam advesperascit, dabis diem nobis aliquem, ut contra ista dicamus,

Cic. N. D. 3, 40; Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 5; id. B. C. 1, 11, 2; Sall. J. 109, 3; Liv. 35, 35 et saep.:

dies ater,

an unlucky day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 25.—

Fem. (so commonly in this sense in class. prose, but only in sing., v. Mützell ad Curt. 3, 1, 8):

ut quasi dies si dicta sit,

Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11; so,

dicta,

Cic. Fam. 16, 10 fin.; cf.:

edicta ad conveniendum,

Liv. 41, 10 fin.:

praestituta,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; 2, 2, 28; Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 38; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 14 fin.; id. Vatin. 15, 37; id. Tusc. 1, 39; Liv. 45, 11 et saep.; cf.

constituta,

Cic. Caecin. 11, 32; Caes. B. G. 1, 4, 2; 1, 8, 3: certa eius rei constituta, id. B. C. 3, 33, 1:

pacta et constituta,

Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 24:

statuta,

Liv. 31, 29:

stata,

id. 27, 23 fin.:

certa,

Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 4, 5, 1, 8; id. B. C. 1, 2, 6; Nep. Chabr. 3 et saep.:

annua,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23; id. Att. 12, 3 fin.; cf.

longa,

Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 18:

die caecā emere, oculatā vendere,

i. e. to buy on credit and sell for cash, id. Ps. 1, 3, 67, v. caecus, no. II. B.:

haec dies summa hodie est, mea amica sitne libera, an, etc.,

id. Pers. 1, 1, 34:

puto fore istam etiam a praecone diem,

Cic. Att. 13, 3:

ubi ea dies venit (preceded by tempore ejus rei constituto),

Caes. B. G. 7, 3:

praeterita die, qua suorum auxilia exspectaverant,

id. ib. 7, 77, 1; cf. id. ib. 6, 33, 4:

esse in lege, quam ad diem proscriptiones fiant,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 128 et saep.—

Both genders together:

diem dicunt, qua die ad ripam Rhodani omnes conveniant: is dies erat a. d. V. Kal. Apr., etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6 fin.; Cic. Att. 2, 11; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; Liv. 34, 35 al.—

Hence: dicere diem alicui, to impeach, lay an accusation against:

diem mihi, credo, dixerat,

Cic. Mil. 14, 36:

Domitium Silano diem dixisse scimus,

id. Div. in Caec. 20, 67.—

A natural day, a day, as opp. to night: ut vel, quia est aliquid, aliud non sit, ut Dies est, nox non est; vel, quia est aliquid, et aliud sit: Sol est super terram, dies est, Quint. 5, 8, 7: pro di immortales, quis hic illuxit dies, Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 76:

credibile non est, quantum scribam die, quin etiam noctibus,

in the daytime, id. Att. 13, 26:

negat ullum esse cibum tam gravem, quin is die et nocte concoquatur,

in a single day and night, id. N. D. 2, 9, 24; cf.

in this signif.: die ac nocte,

Plin. 29, 6, 36, § 113:

nocte et die,

Liv. 25, 39;

and simply die,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 4; Quint. 10, 3, 8; cf.

also: currus rogat ille paternos, Inque diem alipedum jus et moderamen equorum,

Ov. M. 2, 48; and, connected with nox:

(Themistocles) diem noctemque procul ab insula in salo navem tenuit in ancoris,

Nep. Them. 8 fin.; cf. Cic. Div. 2, 27, 59; Liv. 22, 1 fin. —But more freq.: diem noctemque, like our day and night, i. q. without ceasing, uninterruptedly; Caes. B. G. 7, 77, 11; 7, 42 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 62;

for which less freq.: diem et noctem,

Hirt. B. Hisp. 38, 1;

diem ac noctem,

Liv. 27, 4 and 45:

noctemque diemque,

Verg. A. 8, 94; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 23:

continuate nocte ac die itinere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 11, 1; 3, 36, 8; and in plur.:

dies noctesque,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 49; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 113; Cic. Att. 7, 9 fin.; Nep. Dat. 4, 4 et saep.; also, reversing the order: noctesque diesque, Enn. ap. Cic. de Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 338 ed. Vahl.); Hor. S. 1, 1, 76:

noctesque et dies,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 52; id. Eun. 5, 8, 49:

noctes atque dies,

Lucr. 2, 12; 3, 62; Cic. Fin. 1, 16, 51; Verg. A. 6, 127 al.:

noctes diesque,

id. ib. 9, 488:

noctes ac dies,

Cic. Arch. 11, 29:

noctes et dies,

id. Brut. 90, 308; id. de Or. 1, 61, 260; id. Tusc. 5, 25 and 39; Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 49; cf.

also: neque noctem neque diem intermittit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 38:

Galli dies... sic observant, ut noctem dies subsequatur,

id. ib. 6, 18, 2 Herz ad loc. So, too, in gen.:

qui nocte dieque frequentat Limina,

Mart. 10, 58, 11:

cum die,

at break of day, Ov. M. 13, 677:

orto die ( = orta luce),

Tac. A. 1, 20; 1, 68; id. H. 2, 21:

ante diem ( = ante lucem),

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 35:

dies fit, late Lat. for lucescit,

Vulg. Luc. 22, 66: de die, in open day, broad day; v. de.—

Dies alicujus (like the Heb. ; v. Gesen. Lex. s. h. v.).

I. q. dies natalis, a birthday:

diem meum scis esse III. Non. Jan. Aderis igitur,

Cic. Att. 13, 42, 2; cf.

in full: natali die tuo,

id. ib. 9, 5 al. So the anniversary day of the foundation of a city is, dies natalis urbis, Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98.—

I. q. dies mortis, dying-day:

quandocumque fatalis et meus dies veniet statuarque tumulo,

Tac. Or. 13 fin. Called, also: supremus dies. Suet. Aug. 99; id. Tib. 67; cf.:

supremus vitae dies,

Cic. de Sen. 21, 78; Suet. Aug. 61. Hence:

diem suum obire,

to die, Sulp. in Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 2;

and in the same sense: obire diem supremum,

Nep. Milt. 7 fin.; id. Dion. 2 fin.; Suet. Claud. 1:

exigere diem supremum,

Tac. A. 3, 16:

explere supremum diem,

id. ib. 1, 6; 3, 76;

and simply: obire diem,

Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248; Suet. Tib. 4; id. Vesp. 1; id. Gr. 3; cf.

also: fungi diem,

Just. 19, 1, 1.—

I. q. dies febris, fever-day: etsi Non. Mart., [p. 574] die tuo, ut opinor, exspectabam epistolam a te longiorem, Cic. Att. 9, 2 init.; 7, 8, 2 al.

Transf.

In gen. (from no. I. A.).

A day, for that which is done in it (cf. the Hebr., the Gr. eleutheron êmar, etc.):

is dies honestissimus nobis fuerat in senatu,

Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 3:

non tam dirus ille dies Sullanus C. Mario,

id. Att. 10, 8, 7:

equites Romanos daturos illius diei poenas,

id. Sest. 12, 28:

hic dies et Romanis refecit animos et Persea perculit,

Liv. 42, 67 Drak.; cf. id. 9, 39 fin.; Vell. 2, 35 Ruhnk.; 2, 86; Just. 9, 3 fin.; Flor. 2, 6, 58 Duker.:

imponite quinquaginta annis magnum diem,

Tac. Agr. 34:

quid pulchrius hac consuetudine excutiendi totum diem?... totum diem mecum scrutor, facta ac dicta mea remetior, etc., Sen. de Ira, 3, 36: dies Alliensis, i. q. pugna Alliensis,

Liv. 6, 1; Suet. Vit. 11:

Cannensis,

Flor. 4, 12, 35 al. And so even of one's state of mind on any particular day:

qualem diem Tiberius induisset,

what humor, temper, Tac. A. 6, 20. —

A day's journey:

hanc regionem, dierum plus triginta in longitudinem, decem inter duo maria in latitudinem patentem,

Liv. 38, 59; Just. 36, 2, 14 al.—

In gen. (like, hêmera, and our day, for) time, space of time, period:

diem tempusque forsitan ipsum leniturum iras,

Liv. 2, 45;

so with tempus,

id. 22, 39; 42, 50: amorem intercapedine ipse lenivit dies, Turp. ap. Non. 522, 7;

so in the masc. gender: longus,

Stat. Th. 1, 638; Luc. 3, 139;

but also longa,

Plaut. Epid. 4, 1, 18; Plin. Ep. 8, 5 fin.; cf.

perexigua,

a brief respite, Cic. Verr. 1, 2 fin.:

nulla,

Ov. M. 4, 372 al.:

ex ea die ad hanc diem quae fecisti, in judicium voco,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12 fin.:

ut infringatur hominum improbitas ipsa die, quae debilitat cogitationes, etc.,

id. Fam. 1, 6; cf. id. ib. 7, 28 fin.; id. Tusc. 3, 22, 53 al.: indutiae inde, non pax facta;

quarum et dies exierat, et ante diem rebellaverant,

i. e. the term of the truce, Liv. 4, 30 fin.; 30, 24; 42, 47 fin. (for which: quia tempus indutiarum cum Veienti populo exierat, id. 4, 58).—Prov.:

dies adimit aegritudinem,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 13: dies festus, festival-time, festival:—diem festum Dianae per triduum agi, Liv. 25, 23 et saep.:

die lanam et agnos vendat,

at the right time, Cato R. R. 150, 2:

praesens quod fuerat malum, in diem abiit,

to a future time, Ter. Ph. 5, 2, 16; so in diem, opp. statim, Q. Cic. Pet. cons. 12, 48;

and simply in diem,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 48; Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 19; Cic. Cael. 24.—Esp. freq. in diem vivere, to live on from day to day, regardless of the future, Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 169; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 33; Plin. Ep. 5, 5, 4 et saep; cf. the equivoque with de die, under de.—

In partic. (acc. to no. I. B. 2— poet., and in postAug. prose).

Light of day, daylight:

contraque diem radiosque micantes Obliquantem oculos,

Ov. M. 7, 411; 5, 444; 13, 602:

multis mensibus non cernitur dies,

Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 70; Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6; 9, 36, 2 al.; also of the eyesight, Stat. Th. 1, 237;

and trop. of the conscience: saeva dies animi scelerumque in pectore Dirae,

id. ib. 1, 52.—

For caelum, the sky, the heavens:

sub quocumque die, quocumque est sidere mundi,

Luc. 7, 189; 1, 153:

incendere diem nubes oriente remotae,

id. 4, 68; 8, 217; Stat. Th. 1, 201.—Hence, like caelum,

The weather:

totumque per annum Durat aprica dies,

Val. Fl. 1, 845:

tranquillus,

Plin. 2, 45, 44, § 115:

mitis,

id. 11, 10, 10, § 20:

pestilens,

id. 22, 23, 49, § 104.—

The air:

nigrique volumina fumi Infecere diem,

Ov. M. 13, 600:

cupio flatu violare diem,

Claud. in Ruf. 1, 63.

Dies personified.

I. q. Sol, opp. Luna, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 21;

coupled with Mensis and Annus,

Ov. M. 2, 25.—

As fem., the daughter of Chaos, and mother of Heaven and Earth, Hyg. Fab. praef.; of the first Venus, Cic. N. D. 3, 23, 59.

dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imp. duc;

but duce,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 18; id. Most. 1, 4, 11; id. Poen. 5, 4, 59; id. Rud. 2, 3, 55; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103; id. Truc. 2, 5, 26.— Perf. sync.: duxti, Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Cat. 91, 9; Prop. 1, 3, 27), v. a. [cf. Goth. tiuh-an; O. H. Germ. zieh-an, to draw; Germ. -zog, in Herzog, commander, duke], to lead, conduct, draw, bring forward, in all senses; very freq. passing over into the signif. of the compounds abducere, deducere, adducere, producere, etc., and of the synonyms agere, trahere, movere, etc. (very freq.).

Lit.

In gen.:

quo sequar? quo ducis nunc me?

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 2: duc hos intro, id. Am. 2, 2, 224; id. Aul. 2, 6, 13:

duc ac demonstra mihi,

id. Cist. 2, 3, 36:

suas secum mulierculas sunt in castra ducturi,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10 fin.; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 5 fin. et saep.:

(difficile iter) vix qua singuli carri ducerentur,

id. ib. 1, 6, 1; cf.

plaustra,

Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 34: aquam ducere, Cato ap. Charis. p. 192 P.; so,

aquam per fundum ejus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4:

spiritum naribus,

Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 5: so,

spiritum per siccas fauces,

Sen. Ben. 3, 8; cf.:

aërem spiritu,

Cic. N. D. 2, 6 fin.:

animam spiritu,

id. ib. 2, 54, 136; and in gen.: spiritum, for to live, id. Fam. 10, 1; cf.:

vitam et spiritum,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:

tura naribus,

to inhale, Hor. C. 4, 1, 22:

sucos nectaris,

to drink in full draughts, to quaff, id. ib. 3, 3, 34; cf.

pocula,

id. ib. 1, 17, 22; and:

Liberum,

id. ib. 4, 12, 14.— Poet.:

jucunda oblivia vitae (referring to the waters of Lethe),

Hor. S. 2, 6, 62 (cf. Verg. A. 6, 714 sq.) et saep.:

mucronem,

to draw from the scabbard, Verg. A. 12, 378; cf.:

ferrum vaginā,

Ov. F. 4, 929:

ensem vagina,

Sil. 8, 342;

but: ensem duxerat faber,

had beaten out, forged, Tib. 1, 3, 48:

sortem,

Cic. Div. 2, 33; Verg. A. 6, 22;

hence, also transf. of that which is drawn by lot,

Cic. Div. 1, 18, 34; id. Rep. 1, 34; Suet. Caes. 12; Tac. A. 1, 54; 3, 28 al.:

pondus aratri,

to draw, Ov. M. 7, 119:

remos,

to row, id. ib. 1, 294; cf. id. ib. 4, 353:

numerosa brachia,

in dancing, id. Am. 2, 4, 29:

lanas,

to spin, id. ib. 4, 34; cf.

stamina,

id. ib. 4, 221:

ubera,

to milk, id. ib. 9, 358:

frena manu,

to guide, govern, id. ib. 15, 518: vela, to haul (= navigare), Prop. 1, 6, 2:

manus, of swimming,

id. 3, 20, 2:

ilia,

to draw the flanks together, become broken-winded, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9:

os,

to draw awry, to make wry faces, Cic. Or. 25 fin.; Quint. 9, 3, 101; cf.

vultum,

Ov. M. 2, 774; id. P. 4, 8, 13; Mart. 1, 41 et saep.:

non equus impiger Curru ducet Achaico Victorem,

to draw along, Hor. C. 4, 3, 5; cf. id. Ep. 1, 1, 93.— Absol.:

sibi quisque ducere, trahere, rapere,

to take to one's self, appropriate, Sall. J. 41, 5.—

Esp.

To lead, conduct, as a way or road:

via ducit (te), in urbem?

Verg. E. 9, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 7, 5; Verg. A. 1, 401; Ov. F. 2, 679:

Brundisium Minuci melius via ducat an Appi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 20:

via ad undas,

Ov. M. 3, 602:

via ad infernas sedes,

id. ib. 4, 433; cf.:

iter ad urbem,

id. ib. 437; Curt. 3, 28, 19; Sen. Prov. 6, 7; id. Vit. Beat. 1; Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 111; Quint. 5, 9, 14; Liv. 5, 40, 8 al.—

Se, in colloq. lang., to betake one's self, go:

jam me ad regem recta ducam,

Plaut. Am. 4, 3, 8; id. Aul. 4, 8, 8; id. Bacch. 4, 2, 11; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 7: Balbus duxit se a Gadibus, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 1.—

A legal t. t., to take, lead away, drag, carry off a person before court, to prison, to punishment, etc.: POST. DEINDE. MANVS. INIECTIO. ESTO. IN. IVS. DVCITO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; so,

in jus,

Liv. 2, 27:

illos duci in carcerem jubent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 30:

aliquem in carcerem,

Suet. Caes. 20:

in vincula,

id. ib. 79:

ad mortem,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1; Nep. Phoc. 4, 3; and absol.:

ducite, ubi capiat, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 65; Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 14; Suet. Calig. 27; Plin. Ep. 10, 97, 3 al.: NI. IVDICATVM. FACIT. AVT. QVIS. ENDO. EM. IVRE. VINDICIT. SECVM. DVCITO. VINCITO, etc., XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45:

decreta ejus modi: SI PETIT DUCAS. C. Fuficium duci jussit petitorem,

to be imprisoned, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31; so of a debtor (addictus) who is led off as a slave, Novat. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 255; Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 87; Cic. Fl. 20 fin.; Liv. 6, 14 sq.; cf. id. 2, 23 med.; cf.

prov.: stultitiast venatum ducere invitas canes,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 83. —

Uxorem, to lead a wife home, i. e. to marry:

bona uxor si ea deducta est, etc.... Verum egon eam ducam domum, Quae, etc.?

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 91:

uxorem domum,

id. Aul. 2, 1, 40; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 68:

filiam Orgetorigis in matrimonium,

Caes. B. G. 1, 9, 3; cf. Liv. 4, 4:

eum uxorem ducturum esse aliam,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 105:

uxorem (or aliquam, filiam alicujus, etc.),

id. Aul. 2, 1, 48; id. Cas. prol. 69 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 1, 128; 2, 1, 21 et saep.; Cic. Sest. 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 4; id. B. C. 3, 110, 2; Verg. E. 8, 29; Vulg. Marc. 10, 11 et saep.— Absol.:

si tu negaris ducere,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 5; 2, 3, 9; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 76; Liv. 4, 4 al.: jugum ducere cum infidelibus, i. e. to be yoked in marriage, Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 14.—Rarely for nubere: si ignorans statum Erotis ut liberum duxisti, isque postea servus est judicatus, etc., Imp. Antonin. ap. Cod. Just. 5, 18, 3.—In the comic poets, of taking home prostitutes, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 35; 4, 2, 44; id. Men. 1, 2, 15; id. Stich. 5, 4, 48; id. Truc. 3, 2, 10 et saep.—

In milit. lang.

Said of a commander, to lead, to cause to move, to march his army in any direction:

locis apertis exercitum ducere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 41, 4; cf. id. B. C. 1, 64 fin.; 1, 68, 1:

exercitum ab Allobrogibus in Segusianos,

id. B. G. 1, 10 fin.:

exercitum in fines Suessionum,

id. ib. 2, 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 4, 38, 3;

5, 18, 1: exercitum (legiones, etc.) in Bellovacos,

id. ib. 2, 13, 1; 5, 24, 2 et saep.; cf. Tac. A. 2, 57:

cohortes ad eam partem munitionum, quae, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 62, 2:

exercitum Uticam,

id. ib. 2, 26, 1:

reliquas copias contra Labienum,

id. B. G. 7, 61 fin. et saep.—In pass., of the soldiers, to march, move:

quam in partem aut quo consilio ducerentur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 2.—And in act., absol., of the general himself, to march, move (a favorite expression of Liv.;

not in Caes. or Sall.): (Mettus) ducit, quam proxime ad hostem potest,

Liv. 1, 23; 1, 27; 9, 35; 22, 18 et saep.—Hence,

In gen., to lead, command an army or (more freq.) a division:

qua in legatione duxit exercitum,

Cic. Mur. 9, 20; so,

exercitum,

Nep. Eum. 13, 1; id. Epam. 7, 3:

qui superiore anno primum pilum duxerat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 35, 6; 6, 38, 1; id. B. C. 3, 91, 1:

ordinem,

id. ib. 1, 13, 4; 3, 104, 3; Suet. Vesp. 1:

partem exercitūs,

Sall. J. 55, 4 et saep.—Rarely, to lead a division in front, in advance:

consuetudine sua Caesar sex legiones expeditas ducebat: post eas... inde, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 19, 2; hence also, to march in front, take the lead, said of the division that forms the van:

pars equitum et auxiliariae cohortes ducebant, mox prima legio, etc.,

Tac. A. 1, 51; cf. id. ib. 1, 64 fin. —

Transf. beyond the milit. sphere, to lead, to be leader, head, chief, first in any thing:

accedit etiam, quod familiam ducit,

Cic. Fam. 7, 5 fin. Manut.; so,

familiam,

id. Phil. 5, 11, 30; id. Fin. 4, 16, 45:

ordines,

id. Phil. 1, 8, 20:

classem (discipulorum),

Quint. 1, 2, 24 Spald.:

funus,

Hor. Epod. 8, 12:

toros,

Ov. F. 6, 668 et saep.—

To conduct as prisoners in a triumph:

per triumphum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 67:

in triumpho,

Plin. 7, 43, 45, § 139, v. triumphus.—

With the accessory idea of creation, formation, to produce, form, construct, make, fashion, shape, dispose (cf.:

struo, pono, condo, fundo): parietem per vestibulum alicujus,

to erect, Cic. Mil. 27 fin.; cf.

muros,

Hor. C. 4, 6, 23:

vallum ex castris ad aquam,

Caes. B. C. 1, 73, 2:

fossam,

id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; 7, 73, 2:

arcum,

Ov. M. 3, 160:

lateres de terra,

Vitr. 2, 3:

vivos vultus de marmore (with excudere spirantia aera),

Verg. A. 6, 849; cf. id. ib. 7, 634; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 240; Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125; Quint. 10, 3, 18 Spald.; Juv. 7, 237; hence, poet. also:

epos,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 44:

carmen,

Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 18; 3, 14, 32:

versus,

id. ib. 5, 12, 63 et saep.:

liniam ex colore,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 81; Quint. 2, 6, 2; cf.

orbem,

id. 11, 3, 118:

alvum,

to bring forth by clysters, Cels. 2, 12; 4, 4 et saep.: alapam alicui, qs. to fetch one a box on the ear, Phaedr. 5, 3, 2; cf.

colaphum,

Quint. 6, 3, 83 Spald.:

pugnum,

Dig. 47, 10, 4 et saep.;

so esp. of processions, dances, etc.: funus,

Cic. Quint. 15 fin.; Ov. M. 14, 746; Verg. G. 4, 256; cf.

exsequias,

Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 154:

pompam,

Ov. H. 12, 152; id. F. 6, 405; id. M. 13, 699:

choros,

Tib. 2, 1, 56; Hor. C. 1, 4, 5; 4, 7, 6 et saep.; cf.

choreas,

Ov. M. 8, 582; 14, 520.—

To receive, admit, take any thing (not ante-Aug.):

cicatricem,

Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 66; Liv. 29, 32, 12:

rimam,

Ov. M. 4, 65:

situm,

to grow rusty, Quint. 1, 2, 18:

formam,

Ov. M. 1, 402:

colorem,

id. ib. 3, 485; cf.

pallorem,

to grow pale, id. ib. 8, 760:

nomina,

Hor. C. 3, 27, 76:

notam,

id. ib. 4, 2, 59 et saep.

Trop.

In gen., to lead, guide, draw, conduct:

progredimur quo ducit quemque voluntas,

Lucr. 2, 258; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 27; 1, 6, 57:

ad strepitum citharae cessatum ducere curam,

id. ib. 1, 2, 31:

Liber vota bonos ducit ad exitus,

id. C. 4, 8, 34; cf. Quint. 12, 1, 26:

per quaedam parva sane ducant (futurum oratorem),

id. 1, 10, 5; cf. id. 1, 1, 27; 1, 5, 58.—Prov.:

ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt,

Sen. Ep. 107.—

In partic.

To draw, deduce, [p. 616] derive its origin or beginning from, any thing:

ab aliqua re totius vitae ducere exordium,

Cic. Fin. 5, 7, 18; cf.:

exordium a nostra persona,

Quint. 3, 8, 8; 4, 1, 7:

principium disputationis a principe investigandae veritatis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 21 fin.:

belli initium a fame,

id. Att. 9, 9, 2; cf. Quint. 1, 1, 21:

initia causasque omnium ex quatuor temporum mutationibus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

originem ab Isocrate,

Quint. 2, 15, 4; 1, 6, 38; Hor. C. 3, 17, 5 al.:

ingressionem non ex oratoriis disputationibus, sed, etc.,

Cic. Or. 3, 11:

honestum ab iis rebus,

id. Off. 1, 18, 60; id. Or. 39, 135:

nomen ex quo,

id. Ac. 11, 41; cf.:

nomen a Graeco,

Quint. 1, 6, 3; 3, 7, 1; Hor. S. 2, 1, 66 et saep.; cf.

also: utrumque (sc. amor et amicitia) ductum (al. dictum) est ab amando,

Cic. Lael. 27; id. Fin. 2, 24, 78.—

To lead a person, as regards his will or opinions, in any direction; to move, incite, induce, allure, in a good or bad sense (most freq. in the pass.):

ita me ad credendum tua ducit oratio,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 18:

nos ducit scholarum consuetudo,

Quint. 4, 2, 28; 5, 11, 19; cf. id. 9, 1, 21:

ducit te species,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 35 et saep.:

declamatores quosdam perversa ducit ambitio, ut, etc.,

Quint. 10, 7, 21.—In the pass.:

si quis statuarum honore aut gloria ducitur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 58 fin.:

eloquentiae laude,

id. Or. 32, 115:

quaestu et lucro,

id. Tusc. 5, 3, 9:

hoc errore ut, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 41; cf.:

litteris eorum et urbanitate, ut, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 41, 120:

omnes trahimur et ducimur ad cognitionis et scientiae cupiditatem,

id. Off. 1, 6 et saep.—

In a bad sense, to cheat, deceive, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 26; id. Capt. 4, 2, 7; Ter. And. 4, 1, 20; id. Ph. 3, 2, 15; Prop. 2, 17, 1 (3, 8, 1 M.); Ov. H. 19, 13; id. M. 3, 587 (with decipere).—

With regard to time, to draw out, extend, protract, prolong:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 38, 4; id. B. C. 2, 18, 6; 2, 37, 5 sq.; Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2; Liv. 22, 25 et saep.; cf.:

bellum longius,

Caes. B. C. 1, 64, 2; 3, 42, 3:

bellum in hiemem,

id. ib. 1, 61, 3:

eam rem longius,

id. B. G. 7, 11, 4; cf.:

rem prope in noctem,

id. B. C. 3, 51, 7:

rem leniter,

Liv. 3, 41 et saep. Also transf., of time itself:

tempus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11; Nep. Them. 7:

diem ex die,

Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 4; and of persons who are put off, delayed:

ubi se diutius duci intellexit,

id. ib. 1, 16, 5.—Less freq. (mostly poet.),

In gen., of time, to pass, spend, enjoy:

aetatem in litteris,

Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 50; so,

aetatem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 202:

vitam,

id. Epod. 17, 63; Sen. Ep. 45, 10; cf. Verg. A. 2, 641 (where, shortly before, vitam producere):

noctes,

Prop. 1, 11, 5; Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 13:

somnos,

Verg. A. 4, 560.—

In mercant. lang., to calculate, compute, reckon: age nunc summam sumptus duc, Lucil. ap. Non. 283, 30:

minimum ut sequamur, quoniam XC. medimnūm milia duximus, accedant eo, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 49; id. Att. 6, 1, 5 and 16; 6, 2, 7; Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11; Gell. 1, 20, 5.—

Transf. beyond the mercant. sphere.

Rationem alicujus, to consider, calculate, care for one's advantage or interest (a favorite expression of Cicero):

duxi meam rationem, quam tibi facile me probaturum arbitrabar,

Cic. Att. 8, 11 D, § 7; so,

suam quoque rationem,

to have respect to one's own advantage, id. Verr. 2, 1, 48; and:

non minorem aratorum quam populi rationem,

Suet. Aug. 42 fin.:

salutis meae rationem,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3:

rationem officii, non commodi,

id. Sest. 10, 23; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 44, 128:

unius cujusque temporis ducta ratio est,

id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 16:

rationem officii atque existimationis,

id. Quint. 16, 53.—

In gen., to reckon, consider, hold, account, esteem as any thing (cf. aestimo and existimo;

very freq. in prose and poetry): parvi id ducebat,

Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24:

pro nihilo aliquid,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 85; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 16 fin.; id. Tusc. 5, 32, 90; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28:

ea pro falsis ducit,

Sall. C. 3, 2; cf.:

innocentiam pro malevolentia,

id. ib. 12, 1:

vos eritis judices, Laudin' an vitio duci id factum oportuit,

Ter. Ad. prol. 5; so,

aliquid honori,

Sall. J. 11, 3:

aliquid laudi, Nep. praef. § 4: aliquem despicatui,

Cic. Fl. 27, 65: nihil praeter virtutem in bonis ducere (for which, shortly after, in bonis habere = numerare), Cic. Fin. 3, 3;

aliquem in numero hostium,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 25 fin.; Caes. B. G. 6, 32, 1; cf. ib. 6, 23, 8; without in, ib. 6, 21, 2; cf.:

aliquem loco affinium,

Sall. J. 14, 1 Kritz. N. cr.: aliquid testimonii loco, Quint. 5, 9, 10:

tutelae nostrae duximus, cum Africo bello urgerentur,

Liv. 21, 41; cf.:

officii duxit exorare filiae patrem, etc.,

Suet. Tib. 11:

faceret, quod e republica fideque sua duceret,

id. ib. 25, 7 et saep.:

malum cum amici tuum ducis malum,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 48; cf.:

Archytas iracundiam seditionem quandam animi vere ducebat,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38:

eorum, quos idoneos ducebat, consilium habet,

Sall. J. 62, 4:

nil rectum nisi quod placuit sibi ducunt,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 83.— With acc. and inf.:

sic equidem ducebam animo rebarque futurum,

Verg. A. 6, 690:

ut omnia tua in te posita esse ducas humanosque casus virtute inferiores putes,

Cic. Lael. 2, 7, 19 fin.; id. Rep. 1, 2; 1, 17; 1, 38; 3, 9 (three times); Sall. J. 93, 5; Liv. 22, 14, 6; 22, 59, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 2; 4, 30, 2; 6, 18 et saep.—Here too probably belongs the much disputed passage: ludos et inania honoris medio rationis atque abundantiae duxit (= ludos publicos cum aliis rebus quae ad inania honoris pertinent, duxit, i. e. existimavit habendos et ponendos in medio rationis atque abundantiae, ut inter rationem, quae plane spernit inania, et abundantiam, quae eadem ostentat, media via incederet), he thought right to manage them in a middle course between reason and profusion, Tac. Agr. 6 fin., v. Dübner and Orell. ad h. l.

"1. foot. 2. leg. 3. base, pedestal, footing. 4. treadle (of a sewing machine). 5. shaft (of a loom). 6. tributary. 7. outlet (of a lake). 8. step (in stairs). 9. gait, pace. 10. folk poetry rhyme; rhyme word. 11. foot (measure). 12. intersection between two lines or between a line and a plane. -ta 1. standing, on one´s feet. 2. excited, aroused. 3. med. ambulatory. -tan (satış) (selling meat) on the hoof (as opposed to butchered meat). -ını alamamak 1. /dan/ to be unable to refrain (from). 2. to be unable to use one´s feet (because of pains or because they have gone asleep). -ı alışmak /a/ to make a habit of going to. -ını altına almak to sit on one´s leg. -ının altına almak /ı/ 1. to beat, give a beating (to), thrash. 2. to ignore, transgress, violate. 3. to push aside (something useful). -lar altına almak /ı/ to trample on, disregard. -ının altına karpuz kabuğu koymak /ın/ to scheme to get (someone) fired. -ının altında olmak (for a view) to be spread out beneath one. -ının/-larının altını öpeyim. colloq. For God´s sake. - atmak 1. /a/ to go (to) for the first time. 2. to take a step. - atmamak /a/ not to go to; to stay away from. - ayak üstüne atmak to cross one´s legs. - bağı 1. impediment, hindrance, hobble, fetter. 2. person who creates an obligation and responsibility. -ının bağını çözmek /ın/ 1. to divorce (one´s wife). 2. to free (someone) to act. -ına bağ olmak /ın/ to hinder (one). -ına bağ vurmak/-ını bağlamak /ın/ to hinder. - basmak /a/ 1. to arrive (at), enter. 2. to begin, enter, start (a job). - basmamak /a/ not to go to; to stay away from. -lar baş, başlar ayak oldu. colloq. The first have become last, the last first./The social order is reversed and upstarts are in charge. - bileği 1. ankle. 2. anat. tarsus. -ları birbirine dolaşmak to stumble over one´s own feet. -ına çabuk quick, quick to come and go. -ını çabuk tutmak to hurry, walk quickly. -ına çağırmak /ı/ to call (someone) into one´s presence. -ını çekmek /dan/ to stop going to (a place). -ına çelme takmak /ın/ 1. to trip up. 2. to prevent (another´s) success. -ını çıkarmak to take off one´s shoes. - değiştirmek to get into step by changing one´s foot (in marching). -ını denk/tetik almak to be on one´s guard. -ını denk basmak to be careful, be wary. - diremek to insist, put one´s foot down. -ına dolanmak/dolaşmak 1. to crowd around and create confusion. 2. /ın/ to obstruct. 3. to boomerang, recoil on oneself. -ı dolaşmak 1. to trip over one´s own feet. 2. to get flustered and do something wrong. -ları dolaşmak to trip on one´s feet, get one´s feet tangled up. -ında donu yok, fesleğen ister/takar başına. colloq. She likes to show off regardless of her poverty. -ta duramama astasia. -ta durmak to stand, remain standing. -a düşmek to have outsiders meddling in (a matter). -ı düşmek /a/ to drop in on (a place, a house), visit while passing by. -ına düşmek /ın/ to beg, implore. -ı düze basmak to get over the hard part of something. -a fırlamak to jump to one´s feet. - freni foot brake. -ına geçirmek /ı/ to pull on (one´s trousers). -ına (kadar) gelmek /ın/ 1. to make (someone) a personal visit (as an act of deference). 2. (for any desired thing) to come to (one) by itself. -ları geri geri gitmek to go reluctantly, drag one´s feet. -ına getirmek /ı/ to have (something or someone) brought to one. -ına gitmek /ın/ to make (someone) a personal visit (as an act of deference). -ını giymek to put on one´s shoes. (kendi) -ı ile gelmek 1. to come on one´s own initiative. 2. to fall into one´s lap. -ına ip takmak /ın/ to backbite. - işi errands and small deeds. - izi footprint. -a kaldırmak /ı/ 1. to upset, excite (a group). 2. to incite, stir up (a group) to rebellion. -a kalkmak 1. to stand up, get up, rise to one´s feet. 2. to recover and get out of bed. 3. to get excited, be aroused. -ta kalmak 1. to be left without a seat. 2. to remain standing; to have lasted. -ına/-larına kara su/ sular inme