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21 vorwärtsstationierte Angriffssysteme
milit. (forward based Systems) FBSУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > vorwärtsstationierte Angriffssysteme
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22 авария, связанная с разливом нефти
авария, связанная с разливом нефти
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
oil disaster
The disaster caused by the dumping and accidental spillage of oil into waterways from ships and land-based or offshore installations. Oil pollution may destroy or damage aquatic life and wildlife such as birds, contaminate water supplies and create fire hazards. (Source: GILP96)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > авария, связанная с разливом нефти
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23 биологическая очистка отработанного газа
биологическая очистка отработанного газа
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
biological waste gas purification
Processes for removing impurities from waste gas based on the employing of microorganisms. (Source: BIOTGLa)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биологическая очистка отработанного газа
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24 биохимический метод
биохимический метод
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
biochemical method
Method based on the utilisation of a biochemical mechanism, e.g. any chemical reaction or series of reactions, usually enzyme catalysed, which produces a given physiological effect in a living organism. (Source: BIOHW)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биохимический метод
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25 бумопластики
бумопластики
Слоистые пластические массы в виде листов, получаемые горячим прессованием бумаг специальных сортов, пропитанных синтетическими смолами
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > бумопластики
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26 влияние климата
влияние климата
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
climatic effect
Climate has a central influence on many human needs and activities, such as agriculture, housing, human health, water resources, and energy use. The influence of climate on vegetation and soil type is so strong that the earliest climate classification schemes where often based more on these factors than on the meteorological variables. While technology can be used to mitigate the effects of unfavorable climatic conditions, climate fluctuations that result in significant departures from normal cause serious problems for modern industrialized societies as much as for primitive ones. The goals of climatology are to provide a comprehensive description of the Earth's climate, to understand its features in terms of fundamental physical principles, and to develop models of the Earth's climate that will allow the prediction of future changes that may result from natural and human causes. (Source: PARCOR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > влияние климата
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27 воздействие лесоводства на окружающую среду
воздействие лесоводства на окружающую среду
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
environmental impact of forestry
The world's forestry resources are shrinking at an alarming rate. The need for foreign exchange encourages many developing countries to cut timber faster than forests can be regenerated. This overcutting not only depletes the resource that underpins the world timber trade, it causes loss of forest-based livelihoods, increases soil erosion and downstream flooding, and accelerates the loss of species and genetic resources. (Source: WPR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воздействие лесоводства на окружающую среду
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28 восприятие окружающей среды
восприятие окружающей среды
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
environmental perception
An intuitive recognition or understanding of the ecosystem and its natural resources, often based on human experiences or cultural attitudes or beliefs. (Source: RHW / HMO)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > восприятие окружающей среды
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29 ГЭС с водохранилищем большого объёма
- Speicherkraftwerk, n
ГЭС с водохранилищем большого объёма
—
[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]EN
reservoir power station
a hydroelectric power station in which the filling period of the reservoir based on the cumulative water flows is longer than several weeks
Note – A reservoir power station generally permits the cumulative water flows to be stored during the high water periods to enable the turbine to operate during later high load periods.
[IEV ref 602-01-07]FR
centrale de lac
centrale hydro-électrique dont le réservoir a une durée de remplissage par les apports hydrauliques supérieure à plusieurs semaines
Note – Une centrale de lac permet généralement de stocker les apports en périodes de hautes eaux pour les utiliser ultérieurement aux périodes de forte charge.
[IEV ref 602-01-07]Тематики
EN
DE
- Speicherkraftwerk, n
FR
IT
SP
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ГЭС с водохранилищем большого объёма
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30 ГЭС с водохранилищем малого объёма
- Schwellkraftwerk, n
ГЭС с водохранилищем малого объёма
—
[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]EN
pondage power station
a hydroelectric power station in which the filling period of the reservoir based on the cumulative water flows permits the storage of water over a period of a few weeks at the most
Note – In particular, a pondage station permits the cumulative water flows to be stored during periods of low load to enable the turbine to operate during high load periods on the same or following days.
[IEV ref 602-01-06]FR
centrale d'éclusée
centrale hydro-électrique dont le réservoir a une durée de remplissage par les apports hydrauliques qui permet de stocker l'eau pendant une durée appréciable de quelques semaines au plus
Note – Une centrale d'éclusée permet en particulier, de stocker les apports aux périodes de faible charge pour les turbiner aux périodes de forte charge du ou des jours suivants.
[IEV ref 602-01-06]Тематики
EN
DE
- Schwellkraftwerk, n
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ГЭС с водохранилищем малого объёма
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31 дендрохронология
дендрохронология
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
dendrochronology
The science of dating the age of a tree by studying annual growth rings. It is also employed to interpret previous environments and climatic variations by examining certain kinds of trees. It is based on the theory that the width of the growth ring reflects the amount of rainfall and the temperature of the year in which it was formed. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > дендрохронология
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32 длительный допустимый ток
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
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33 допустимая суточная норма потребления
допустимая суточная норма потребления
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
acceptable daily intake
The measurement of the amount of any chemical substance that can be safely consumed by a human being in a day. Calculations are usually based on the maximum level of a substance that can be fed to animals without producing any harmful effects. This is divided by a "safety factor" to allow for the differences between animals and humans and to take account of the variation in human diets. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > допустимая суточная норма потребления
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34 допустимый уровень воздействия (ПДК)
допустимый уровень воздействия (ПДК)
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
permissible exposure limit
An exposure limit that is set for exposure to an hazardous substance or harmful agent and enforced by OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Act) as a legal standard. It is based on time-weighted average concentrations for a normal 8-hour work day and 40 hour work week. (Source: CONFER)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > допустимый уровень воздействия (ПДК)
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35 Европейский Парламент
Европейский Парламент
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
European Parliament
Formerly the "Assembly" of EEC. Comprises some 520 "representatives of the peoples" of European Community states, directly elected, and based in Strasbourg. Exercises advisory and supervisory powers; debates and passes resolutions and may veto admission of new member states. (Source: CURZON)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Европейский Парламент
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36 законы, регулирующие экологическую экспертизу
законы, регулирующие экологическую экспертизу
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
EIA law
Law concerning the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment, based on the EC Directive n. 85/337. (Source: PENELa)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > законы, регулирующие экологическую экспертизу
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37 индустрия информационных технологий
индустрия информационных технологий
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
information technology industry
A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the design, manufacture and marketing of electronic machines designed to accept information or data that is easily manipulated for some result based on a program or some set of instructions, and the technology or materials used with these machines, such as storage devices, terminals and peripheral equipment. (Source: WIC / SIC)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > индустрия информационных технологий
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38 ирригационное земледелие
ирригационное земледелие
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
irrigation farming
Farming based on the artificial distribution and application of water to arable land to initiate and maintain plant growth. (Source: GOODa)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ирригационное земледелие
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39 калибровка средств измерений
калибровка средств измерений
калибровка
Совокупность операций, устанавливающих соотношение между значением величины, полученным с помощью данного средства измерений и соответствующим значением величины, определенным с помощью эталона с целью определения действительных метрологических характеристик этого средства измерений.
Примечания
1. Калибровке могут подвергаться средства измерений, не подлежащие государственному метрологическому контролю и надзору.
2. Результаты калибровки позволяют определить действительные значения измеряемой величины, показываемые средством измерений, или поправки к его показаниям, или оценить погрешность этих средств. При калибровке могут быть определены и другие метрологические характеристики.
3. Результаты калибровки средств измерений удостоверяются калибровочным знаком, наносимым на средства измерений, или сертификатом о калибровке, а также записью в эксплуатационных документах. Сертификат о калибровке представляет собой документ, удостоверяющий факт и результаты калибровки средства измерений, который выдается организацией, осуществляющей калибровку.
[РМГ 29-99]
калибровка средств измерений
Совокупность операций, выполняемых с целью определения и подтверждения действительных значений метрологических характеристик и (или) пригодности к применению средства измерений, не подлежащих государственному метрологическому контролю и надзору.
[Министерство топлива и энергетики РФ. Правила учета электрической энергии]
калибровка средства измерений
Совокупность операций, выполняемых с целью определения и подтверждения действительных значений метрологических характеристик и (или) пригодности к применению средства измерений, не применяемого в сфере, подлежащей государственному метрологическому контролю и надзору.
Примечание
Калибровка является метрологической услугой, основной задачей которой является передача калибруемому средству шкалы измерений в интересующем заказчика (потребителя) диапазоне измерений при приемлемой точности.
[МИ 2365-96]EN
calibration
set of operations which establishes, by reference to standards, the relationship which exists, under specified conditions, between an indication and a result of a measurement
NOTE 1 – This term is based on the "uncertainty" approach.
NOTE 2 – The relationship between the indications and the results of measurement can be expressed, in principle, by a calibration diagram.
Source: ≠ VIM 6.11
[IEV number 311-01-09]FR
étalonnage
ensemble des opérations établissant, en référence à des étalons, la relation qui existe, dans les conditions spécifiées, entre une indication et un résultat de mesure
NOTE 1 – Cette définition est conçue dans l’approche "incertitude".
NOTE 2 – La relation entre les indications et les résultats de mesures peut être donnée, en principe, dans un diagramme d’étalonnage.
Source: ≠ VIM 6.11
[IEV number 311-01-09]Тематики
- метрология, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > калибровка средств измерений
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40 классификация землепользования
классификация землепользования
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
land use classification
The arrangement of land units into a variety of categories based on the properties of the land or its suitability for a particular purpose. It has become an important tool in rural land-resource planning. (Source: WHIT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > классификация землепользования
См. также в других словарях:
based — [beɪst] adjective if a company is based somewhere, that is the place where it carries out its business: • The existing business is based in London but the owners may be willing to move. • a Chicago based publisher * * * based UK US /beɪst/… … Financial and business terms
based — 1. based on. To base one thing on another is to use the second as the basis for the first, and it is frequently used in the passive, as in arguments based on statistics. Avoid using based on as an unattached conjunction without a clear antecedent … Modern English usage
based — [beıst] adj 1.) [not before noun] if you are based somewhere, that is the place where you work or where your main business is ▪ It is a professional service based at our offices in Oxford. London based/New York based etc ▪ a London based firm of… … Dictionary of contemporary English
-based — [bāst] combining form 1. based on; having as its basis [paper based, milk based] 2. based in or at (a specified place); having headquarters in or at [space based weapons, a Cleveland based company] * * * … Universalium
-based — [bāst] combining form 1. based on; having as its basis [paper based, milk based] 2. based in or at (a specified place); having headquarters in or at [space based weapons, a Cleveland based company] … English World dictionary
Based — (b[=a]sd), p. p. & a. 1. Having a base, or having as a base; supported; as, broad based. [1913 Webster] 2. [See {Base}, n., 18 21.] Wearing, or protected by, bases. [Obs.] Based in lawny velvet. E. Hall. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
based — [ beıst ] suffix 1. ) used with some names of places to make adjectives meaning happening or working in a particular place: a Chicago based company 2. ) used with some names to make adjectives describing the main substance in a product: pasta and … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
based — based; de·based·ness; sur·based; … English syllables
based on — I adverb bear upon, built on, contingent upon, dependent on, founded on, grounded on, relying on, rested on II index underlying Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
-based — [[t] beɪst[/t]] 1) COMB: COMB in ADJ based combines with nouns referring to places to mean something positioned or existing mainly in the place mentioned, or operating or organized from that place. ...a Washington based organization. ...land… … English dictionary
based — adjective 1. having a base (Freq. 3) firmly based ice • Similar to: ↑supported 2. having a base of operations (often used as a combining form) (Freq. 1) a locally based business an Atlanta based company … Useful english dictionary