-
101 MÖNDULL
(dat. möndli), m. handle of a quern (tökum á möndli skarpara).* * *m., dat. möndli, [qs. mundull, from mund; cp. Engl. mangle, qs. mandle; Germ. mangeln]:—a handle, esp. of a handmill; tökum skarpara á möndli, Gs. 19: hræra möndul, Hkv. 2. 3, freq. in mod. usage.II. a pr. name, Fas. iii; as also a nickname, Fms. viii. möndul-tré, n. the tree of the m., Hkv. 2. 3. -
102 MÖSURR
-
103 mösur-tré
n. a maple-tree, Fms. iii. 135. -
104 naf
n. = nöf (q. v.), the bark of a tree, Hkr. i. (in a verse). -
105 oliva
u, f., olivu-tré, n., -viðr, m. [for. word], the olive-tree, Stj. 256, 403, 413, 441, Karl. 199, Þiðr. 116. olifa-kvistr, m., Karl. 226, 334. -
106 ORMR
(-s, -ar), m. snake, serpent.* * *m. [Ulf. waurms = ὄφις; A. S. wyrm; Engl. worm: O. H. G. and Germ. wurm; Dan.-Swed. orm; Lat. vermis; cp. Orms-head in Wales]:—a snake, serpent, also including ‘worms’ (cp. maðkr), and even dragons, Hm. 85, Vsp. 44, 50, Gm. 34, Skm. 27, Akv. 31, Am. 22, 55. Fms. vi. 143, Hkr. i. 103, and passim; högg-ormr, a viper; eitr-ormr, the bane of snakes, i. e. the winter time. The abode of the wicked after death was a pit full of snakes (Hver-gelmir, Ná-strönd), Edda, Vsp. 44, which calls to mind the Gehenna in Mark ix. 43, 44, and one of the Bolgos in Dante’s Inferno, Canto 24. Serpents gnawed at the root of the world-tree Yggdrasil, Gm. 34. Pits of snakes were a place of punishment, Ragn. S. l. c., Am., Akv.; but only in mythological, not in historical records. Serpents brooded over gold and treasures, cp. the serpent Fafnir, Edda, Fm., Gullþ. ch. 4, Ragn. S. (begin.); whence in poetry gold is called orm-bekkr, -beðr, -ból, -garðr, -land, -látr, -láð, -reitr, -setr, -stallr, -torg, -vangr, -vengr, the bank, bed, abode, garden, land, litter, earth, etc. of snakes, Lex. Poët. For the world-serpent, see miðgarðr. orm-fellir, m. the snake-killer = the winter, Fms. vi. (in a verse): a sword is called a snake, blóð-ormr, rand-ormr, see Lex. Poët.; ketil-ormr, a sausage, Korm.: of ships of war with dragons’ heads, Ormr inn Langi, Ormr inn Skammi, Ó.T.II. pr. names, Ormr and Ormarr; and in compds, Hall-ormr, Ráð-ormr, Þór-ormr, Goð-ormr, Veðr-ormr. = the holy Serpent, a name which indicates serpent worship, although no record of such worship is found in the Sagas.COMPDS: ormsbit, ormabæli, ormstunga, ormaturn. -
107 ÓÐINN
(dat. Óðni), m. Odin.* * *m., dat. Óðni; [A. S. Wodan; O. H. G. Wodan, in the Old High German song Phol ende Wodan vuoron zi holza; in the Norse the w is dropped, whence Odinn]:—Odin, Wodan, the name of the founder of the ancient Northern and Teutonic religion, who was afterwards worshipped as the supreme god, the fountain-head of wisdom, the founder of culture, writing, and poetry, the progenitor of kings, the lord of battle and victory; so that his name and that of Allföðr (Allfather, the father of gods and men) were blended together. For Odin as an historical person see esp. Yngl. S., the first chapters of which were originally written by Ari the historian, who himself traced his pedigree back to Odin. For the various tales of Odin as a deity see the Edda and the old poems; for the legends explaining how Odin came by his wisdom, how he was inspired, how he pawned his eye in the well of Mimir, see Vsp. 22; how he hung in the world-tree Yggdrasil, Hm. 139 sqq.; and the most popular account, how he carried away the poetical mead from the giant Suptung, etc., see Hm. 104–110. and Edda 47–49; for his travelling in disguise in search of wisdom among giants and Norns, Vþm., Gm., Vsp. For Odin’s many names and attributes see Edda (Gl.) The greatest families, the Ynglings in Sweden, Skjöldungs in Denmark, and the Háleygir in Norway, traced their pedigrees back to Odin, see the poems Ýt., Ht., Langfeðgatal. In translations from the Latin, Odin was, strangely enough, taken to represent Mercury; thus, kölluðu þeir Pál Óðin, en Barnabas Þór, they called Paul Odin, but Barnabas they called Thor, is an ancient rendering of Acts xiv. 12, cp. Clem., Bret., and passim. This seems to have originated with the Romans themselves; for Tacitus says, ‘deorum maxime Mercurium colunt,’ by which he can only mean Wodan; the Romans may have heard the German tales of Wodan’s wonderful travels, his many assumed names and disguises, his changes of shape, his eloquence, his magical power,—tales such as abound in the Edda,—and these might make the Romans think of the Greek legends of Hermes: accordingly, when the planetary week days were adopted from the Lat., ‘dies Mercurii’ was rendered into A. S. by Wodansdäg, in Engl. Wednesday, in Dan. Onsdag, in Norse Óðins-dagr, Orkn. 386, Fms. ix. 282: Óðins-nótt, f. Wednesday night, N. G. L. i. 17. Óðins-hani, a, m. a bird, tringa hyperborea, or the phalaropus cinereus, or the red phalarope, see Fjölnir viii, Faber, Edda (Gl.)II. Northern local names, Óðins-vé, n. the sanctuary of Odin = Odense in Fünen in Denmark, Knytl. S.: Óðins-salr, m. in Norway. Munch’s Norg. Beskr. 79: Óðins-lundr, m. Odin’s grove. In a single instance Athens is rendered by Óðins-borg, and the Athenians by Óðins-borgar-menn, Post. 645. 90; the name can only have been formed from the Greek name pronounced with the th sound, perhaps by the Northmen at Constantinople, who may have associated the name, thus sounded, with Odin’s supposed travels from the east to Sweden, and his halts at various places, which were afterwards called after him, as recorded in Yngl. S. As a pr. name, Othen villicus, Dipl. Arna-Magn. (Thorkelin) i. 23; Oden Throndsson, D. N. iv. 756, 764; Ódin-dís, f., Baut., but very rare. It is noteworthy that the name of Odin is, in the old poets, hardly ever used as appellative in poët. circumlocutions of a ‘man;’ málm-Óðinn is a απ. λεγ. = warrior. -
108 pass
n. a kind of tree, Edda (Gl.) ii. 566. -
109 pálmi
-
110 pálm-tré
n. a palm-tree, Stj. -
111 Páska-tré
n. an Easier-tree, = Páskaspjald (?), Vm. 47. -
112 píll
m. a kind of tree, Edda (Gl.), Sks. 106. -
113 píslar-tré
n. the ‘passion-tree,’ the cross, Hom. 102, MS. 625. 70. -
114 plóma
-
115 reki
m.1) a thing drifted ashore (hverr maðr á reka fyrir landi sínu);2) prosecution (of a suit for manslaughter, etc.); gøra mikinn reka at e-u, to follow up, prosecute with energy.* * *a, m., originally vreki, [cp. Goth. wrakja; A. S. wraca; Engl. sea-wrack, etc.]:—jetsum, a thing drifted ashore, see rek above; hverr maðr á reka fyrir landi sinn, viðar ok hvala ok sela, fiska ok fugla ok þara, Grág. ii. 352; kaupa reka af landi annars manns, 358, Fs. 174, 176, passim. In Icel., washed by the Polar stream and the Gulf stream, the right of jetsum in dead whales and drift-timber formed an important part of the public law; numerous passages in the Laws, Sagas, and Deeds bear witness to this, or relate to disputes about whales drifted ashore, e. g. Rd. ch. 8, Eb. ch. 57, Glúm. ch. 37, Grett. ch. 14, Háv. ch. 3.2. in compds: reka-gögn, ‘wreck-gain,’ returns from jetsum, Dipl. iii. 3; reka-hvalr, Grág. ii. 358, 366. 381; reka-bútr, -drumbr, -tré, -viðr, a drift-log, tree, Fb. i. 213, Háv. 40, K. Þ. K. 84, Bs. i. 674, Eg. 135, Grág. ii. 211; reka-partr, a share in a jetsum, Dipl. ii. 9; reka-mark, a landmark of a reki, Grág. ii. 355, Jb. 316, 321, 322; reka-maðr, a ‘drift-man,’ lord of the manor, owner of jetsum (as owner or purchaser), Grág. ii. 359, Jb. 317; reka-strönd, a ‘wreck-strand,’ where whales or trees are driven ashore, Ld. 96, K. Þ. K. 82, Js. 49; reka-búi, a neighbour or juror in a case of jetsum; ok skulu rekabúar virða hval, Grág. ii. 371; reka-fjara = reka-strönd, 357, Jb. 316; reka-bálkr and reka-þáttr, the section in law referring to jetsum, Grág. ii. 352, Jb. 313, sqq.II. persecution; var eigi svá mikill reki at görr um vígit sem ván mundi þykkja um svá göfgan mann, Eb. 194; Eiðr var þá mjök gamlaðr, varð af því at þessu görr engi reki, Ld. 250; þeir görðu mikinn reka at þeim verkum er þar vóru gör, Fbr. 59 new Ed.III. in compds, as eyrend-reki, a messenger; land-reki, a king:—a driver, drover, in sauð-reki, hjarð-reki, naut-rcki, lest-reki, q. v. -
116 rudda
* * *u, f. a coarse kind of club (of an unbarked tree?); ruddu er menn kalla klubbu, Ó. H. 108, 109, Fas. iii. 229. ruddu-vetr, m. the name of a severe winter, A. D. 1022; as lurkr of the winter 1601. -
117 segl-viðr
n. a ‘sail-tree,’ of the yard, Skálda 162. -
118 selja
* * *I)(sel, selda, seldr), v.1) to hand over, deliver;selja e-m e-t (Ásta selr honum sverðit);selja e-t í hendr e-m, to make over to one (hann seldi búit í hendr Þorsteini);selja vápn ór hendi sér, to give up (deliver) one’s weapons;selja e-t fram, to deliver up;selja e-m e-t til varðveizlu, to commit to another’s keeping (þér skulut nú selja mér til varðveizlu vápn yður);hann kvazt hvárki vildu selja grið né taka, he said that he would neither give nor receive pardon;selja e-m laun, to give reward, pay;selja fé at láni, to lend money;selja á leigu, to put out at interest;selja á frest, to give on credit;2) to sell, part with (hann seldi land sitt);selja e-t við litlu (miklu) verði, to sell for a small (great) sum;selja mansali, to sell into bondage;þótti þeim konungr út seldr, a done man (= fram seldr);3) refl., seljast, to give oneself up (seljast arfsali);seljast út, to turn out;aldri mun þat vel út seljast, it will never go well.f. sallow, willow.* * *u, f. [A. S. seal; Engl. sallow; Swed. sälg; Dan. sælje; North. E. and Scot. saugh]:—a sallow, a willow, salix capraea, Edda (Gl.), Pr. 473, Lex. Poët.; kirkjan á alla smá-reka, rætr allar ok seljur, Pm. 69. selju-tré, n. a willow-tree, Ám. 111.II. [selja the verb], a female dealer, whence freq. in poët. circumlocutions of a woman, Edda 68, Lex. Poët.III. the name of an island in Norway; whence Selju-menn, the saints of Selja; Seljumanna-messa, -vaka, see messa, Bs., N. G. L.; for the story see Fms. i. -
119 siglu-tré
n. the mast-tree, Kb. i. 532, Fms. xi. 143. -
120 SÍGA
* * *I)(að), v. to sink = síga; sigaði svá at honum af öllu saman, at, he was so overwhelmed that.* * *pres. síg, sígr; pret. seig, seigt (seigst), seig; pret. sé, Karl. 523, l. 8, Fb. i. 227, l. 12, Nj. 21; pl. sigu; subj. sigi; part. siginn: [A. S. and Hel. sîgan]:—to sink down, being let down by a rope or by any slow motion; lélu þeir síga festi ofan í gröfina, they lowered a rope down into the pit, Eg. 234; Ó. H. 152; létu þeir þá síga skipin ofan fyrir hellinn með reipum (in the verse, skip sigu í reipum). Fms. vii. 82; hón lætr hann síga í festi ofan fyrir múrinn, Stj. 470; haim lét stein í festar-augat, ok lét svá síga ofan at vatninu, Grett. 141; létu þá svá síga ofan á sjáinn ór borginni, Orkn. 312.2. to slide, but of a slow, heavy motion; er betri sígandi arðr en svífandi, Bs. i. 139; höfðu út sigit iðrin í þat sárit er Jómarr hafði veitt, the entrails had slipped out through the wound, Orkn. 458; þar var fjöl ein sigin ofan, Fms. ix. 308; hann lét síga brýnnar ofan fyrir augun, Edda; var þá sigit blóð fyrir augn þeim, Hrafn. 21; sigu saman augun þá er dauðinn for á hann, Fms. xi. 150; seig þá skipit aptr millum skipanna, Grett. 82; þá er orrostan sé saman, Fb. i. 227 (Orkn. 30); hvárigir láta undan síga sín skip, Fms. x. 131; láta síga út skipin frá bryggjum, viii. 95; láta síga aptr til sömu hafnar, i. 303; láta síga á hömlu, 172; þeir létu síga fylkingar sínar ofan með ánni, vi. 406; sígr þá saman orrosta, Hkr. i. 51; þat var síðarla dags er orrosta seig saman, iii. 125; síga saman fylkingar, Stj. 598; láta síga til samþykkis við e-n, to let it slide towards an agreement, let things drift towards it, Sturl. i. 201; létum síga sáttmál okkur, we came to terms, Skv. 3. 39.3. spec. phrases; seig á hann svefn, Fms. iii. 48; þá seig á hann svefn ok þó lauss, Ó. H. 195; konungi þótti í svefninum síga á sik svá sem nokkurr úmegins-þungi, Fms. iii. 51; þá sé á hann úmáttr, Karl. 523; sé sorti mikill fyrir augu þeim, Nj. 21.II. reflex. to let oneself sink; lætr hann sígask ór trénu, be let himself drop from the tree, Edda. 45, see the corresponding verse in the Haustlöng; láta sígask af garði, Fms. vi. 368; hann var kominn upp á garðinn, ok lét sígask of inn, hauled himself down, id.; hann lét sígask fast á stólinn, Edda 61; lætr hann sígask niðr af hestinum, he let himself drop from the horse, Ísl. ii. 150; nokkurir menn létu sígask sárir, dropped wounded, Bs. i. 528; sígask lét nú einn hér úti ( one dropped), Fb. iii. 450; hans menn létu sígask ofan með díkinu, Fms. vi. 406, viii. 162, v. l.; láta undan sígask, Eg. 287, Fms. xi. 131.2. part., get ek at héðan af fari þeim heldr síganda, it will go downwards with them, Grett. 176 new Ed.
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