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attack+should+be+made

  • 61 trabajo

    m.
    1 work.
    una casa tan grande da mucho trabajo a big house like that is a lot of work
    hacer un buen trabajo to do a good job
    trabajo de campo field work
    trabajo en o de equipo teamwork
    trabajo físico physical effort
    trabajo intelectual mental effort
    trabajo manual manual labor
    trabajos forzados o forzosos hard labor
    trabajo de oficina office work
    trabajo social social work
    trabajo sucio dirty work
    trabajo temporal temporary work
    2 job (empleo).
    buscar/encontrar trabajo to look for/find work o a job
    no tener trabajo to be out of work
    3 work (place).
    en el trabajo at work
    ir al trabajo to go to work
    5 labor (economics & politics).
    6 effort (esfuerzo).
    costar mucho trabajo to take a lot of effort
    tomarse el trabajo de hacer algo to go to o take the trouble of doing something
    7 work place, job, workplace.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: trabajar.
    * * *
    2 (tarea) task, job
    3 (empleo) job, employment
    4 (esfuerzo) effort
    5 EDUCACIÓN report, paper
    \
    ahorrarse el trabajo to save oneself the trouble
    con gran trabajo / con mucho trabajo with great effort
    cuesta trabajo... it's hard to...
    estar sin trabajo to be out of work
    ir al trabajo to go to work
    tomarse el trabajo de to take the trouble to
    trabajo de chinos familiar very intricate work, time-consuming work
    trabajo eventual casual labour (US labor)
    trabajo por turno / trabajo por turnos shiftwork
    trabajos forzados / trabajos forzosos hard labour (US labor) sing
    trabajos manuales arts and crafts, handicrafts
    * * *
    noun m.
    1) work, job
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=labor) work

    ¡buen trabajo! — good work!

    • el trabajo de la casa — the housework

    • ropa de trabajo — work clothes

    • estar sin trabajo — to be unemployed

    quedarse sin trabajo — to find o.s. out of work, lose one's job

    trabajo de campo, trabajo en el terreno — fieldwork

    trabajo manual — manual labour, manual labor (EEUU)

    trabajos forzados — hard labour sing, hard labor (EEUU) sing

    trabajos manuales — (Escol) handicrafts

    2) (tb: puesto de trabajo) job
    3) (tb: lugar de trabajo) work
    4) (=esfuerzo)

    • ahorrarse el trabajo — to save o.s. the trouble

    • costar trabajo, le cuesta trabajo hacerlo — he finds it hard to do

    • dar trabajo, reparar la casa nos ha dado mucho trabajo — it was hard work o a real job repairing the house

    • tomarse el trabajo de hacer algo — to take the trouble to do sth

    5) (=obra) (Arte, Literat) work; (Educ) essay; [de investigación] study
    6) (Econ)
    a) (=mano de obra) labour, labor (EEUU)
    b) (tb: Ministerio de Trabajo) ≈ Department of Employment, ≈ Department of Labor (EEUU)
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( empleo) job

    conseguir trabajo — to get o find work, to get o find a job

    un trabajo de media jornada or (AmL) de medio tiempo or (Esp) a tiempo parcial — a part-time job

    trabajo de jornada completa or de or a tiempo completo — full-time work o job

    b) ( lugar) work
    2) (actividad, labor) work
    3)
    a) ( tarea) job
    b) ( obra escrita) piece of work
    4) ( esfuerzo)

    se tomó/dio el trabajo de venir — she took the trouble to come

    5) (Econ) labor*
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( empleo) job

    conseguir trabajo — to get o find work, to get o find a job

    un trabajo de media jornada or (AmL) de medio tiempo or (Esp) a tiempo parcial — a part-time job

    trabajo de jornada completa or de or a tiempo completo — full-time work o job

    b) ( lugar) work
    2) (actividad, labor) work
    3)
    a) ( tarea) job
    b) ( obra escrita) piece of work
    4) ( esfuerzo)

    se tomó/dio el trabajo de venir — she took the trouble to come

    5) (Econ) labor*
    * * *
    trabajo1
    1 = employment, endeavour [endeavor, -USA], job, labour [labor, -USA], leg work, occupation, task, work, working environment, workload [work load], pursuit, workmanship, footwork, handwork, professional position, working practice, pursuit in life, handiwork, lifework, line of business, toil, industry.

    Ex: Under WOMEN -- EMPLOYMENT, for instance, are listed works on the health and safety hazards of employment, the wages of employment, the problems of mothers, married and/or single women and employment, and so on.

    Ex: Eventually, it came to be recognized that the Classification Research Group's endeavours might be pertinent to the problem of alphabetical indexing.
    Ex: To ease the cataloguer's job and save him the trouble of counting characters, DOBIS/LIBIS uses a special function.
    Ex: An editor is a person who prepares for publication an item not his own and whose labour may be limited to the preparation of the item for the manufacturer.
    Ex: DOBIS/LIBIS may replace the typewriter, the catalog card, and much leg work, but it cannot replace the decision-making capabilities of the library staff.
    Ex: Headings such as SALESMEN AND SALESMANSHIP and FIREMEN, since they are assigned to works covering the activities of both men and women in these occupations, are not specific.
    Ex: Further, menu screens will be necessary until the user has specified the task that he wishes executed or the information that he wishes to retrieve sufficiently for execution or retrieval to be effected.
    Ex: The Classification Research Group (CRG) has been a major force in the development of classification theory, and has made a major contribution towards work on a new general classification scheme.
    Ex: This article examines the various features now available on copiers and comments on the usefulness in a working environment.
    Ex: Each of these changes, if we were to deal with them in an adequate manner, create severe workload problems for the cataloging department.
    Ex: What is more arguable is whether or not it is a bibliographical pursuit at all since it bears little relationship to the physical nature of the book.
    Ex: William R Lethaby, the architect who had Westminster Abbey in his charge for over twenty years, once said 'Art is thoughtful workmanship'.
    Ex: If we decide to take on making up a subject file there'd be a lot of footwork even if we use that list as a basis = Si decidimos aceptar crear un fichero ordenado por materias habría mucho trabajo incluso si usamos esta lista como base.
    Ex: The newspaper's suppression after the first issue was not, as some historians have declared, the handwork of Massachusetts' Puritan clergy = La supresión del periódico después de su primer número no fue, como algunos historiadores han declarado, por la intervención del clero puritano de Massachussetts.
    Ex: In virtually all of her professional positions she has been involved with the handling of documents.
    Ex: While many believe that print on paper will never die, new formats are already changing working practice in many spheres.
    Ex: People who are blind, regardless of their pursuit in life, will not have access to current information, books, learning, or education opportunities unless all libraries and blindness organizations agree to work together.
    Ex: Rather than bringing in butchers to do the handiwork of his dissections, Vesalius himself worked on the human cadavers and said that students of medicine should do the same.
    Ex: This is an eloquent, moving testament to the lifework of a major artist of unimpeachable technique and passion.
    Ex: The computer people are muscling in on our line of business and we can't stop them.
    Ex: Furthermore, the computer can be used, and is already being used, to eliminate drudgery, busywork, and useless toil in library systems.
    Ex: In fact, the terms of the contrast are highly ambivalent: order vs. anarchy, liberty vs. despotism, or industry vs. sloth, and also dissimulation vs. honesty.
    * acoso en el trabajo = workplace mobbing.
    * agenda de trabajo = work agenda.
    * agobiado de trabajo = up to + Posesivo + eyeballs in work.
    * ahorrar el trabajo de = save + effort in.
    * almuerzo de trabajo = work luncheon.
    * ámbito de trabajo = field of endeavour.
    * amor al trabajo = love of work.
    * ansiedad en el trabajo = job anxiety, work anxiety.
    * anterior al trabajo = pre-service.
    * anuncio de trabajo = help wanted ad, help wanted notice.
    * anuncios de trabajo = help-wanted advertising.
    * año de trabajo = man year.
    * ascender en el trabajo = step up + the career ladder.
    * ascenso en el trabajo = job promotion.
    * aspirar a un puesto de trabajo = aspire to + position.
    * asunto relacionado con el trabajo = work-related issue.
    * avanzar en + Posesivo + trabajo = advance + Posesivo + work, advance + Posesivo + work.
    * basado en el trabajo en equipo = team-based.
    * bibliografía de trabajo = working bibliography.
    * biblioteconomía especializada en el trabajo de referencia = reference librarianship.
    * bolsa de trabajo = labour exchange, job opportunities, employment bureau, employment centre, employment opportunity, job centre, job pool.
    * borrador de trabajo = working paper.
    * buscador de trabajo = job applicant, job seeker.
    * buscar trabajo = seek + employment.
    * buscar trabajo en la calle = work + the streets.
    * campo de trabajo = field of endeavour.
    * campo de trabajos forzados = labour camp, forced labour camp.
    * cantidad de trabajo = workload [work load].
    * carga de trabajo = workload [work load].
    * centro de trabajo = workplace.
    * cobrar en un trabajo = job + pay.
    * comenzar el turno de trabajo = go on + duty.
    * comida de trabajo = business meal, professional meal.
    * compañero de trabajo = co-worker [coworker], male colleague, work colleague, fellow worker.
    * complementos del trabajo = fringe benefits, fringes.
    * conciliación del trabajo y la familia = reconciliation of work and family.
    * con demasiado trabajo = overworked.
    * condiciones del contrato de trabajo = terms of employment.
    * condiciones de trabajo = working conditions.
    * con mucho trabajo = painfully.
    * conseguir un puesto de trabajo = obtain + position.
    * conseguir un trabajo = enter + job, land + job.
    * con trabajo = in post.
    * contratar al primero que solicita el trabajo = hire on a first-come, first-take basis.
    * contrato de trabajo = contract position.
    * conversación de trabajo = shop talk.
    * costar mucho trabajo = have + a tough time, have + a hard time.
    * costar trabajo = have + Posesivo + work cut out for + Pronombre, have + Posesivo + job cut out for + Pronombre.
    * cualquier trabajo temporal = casual job.
    * cubrir un puesto de trabajo = fill + position.
    * cuestión relacionada con el trabajo = work-related issue.
    * dar permiso en el trabajo = give + time off work.
    * dar trabajo = present + burden.
    * dedicar trabajo = expend + effort.
    * definición de trabajo = working definition.
    * dejar a Alguien sin trabajo = put + Nombre + out of work.
    * dejar el puesto de trabajo = resign from + Posesivo + post.
    * dejar el trabajo = resign from + Posesivo + post, quit + Posesivo + job, jump + ship.
    * dejar sin trabajo = put + Nombre + out of work.
    * dejar un puesto de trabajo = resign from + Posesivo + position.
    * dejar un trabajo = quit, resign + Posesivo + post.
    * denominación del puesto de trabajo = job title, occupational title.
    * dentro del mismo trabajo = intraoccupational.
    * derecho del trabajo = employment law.
    * desarrollar + Posesivo + trabajo = advance + Posesivo + work.
    * desarrollar un plan de trabajo = develop + agenda.
    * descripción del puesto de trabajo = job description, position description, job profile.
    * desempeñar un trabajo = exercise + work.
    * despedir del trabajo = make + redundant.
    * después del horario de trabajo = after hours [after-hours].
    * de trabajo = working.
    * día del trabajo = Labour Day.
    * día de trabajo = working day.
    * día internacional del trabajo = Labour Day.
    * diario automático de trabajo = time log.
    * dignidad del trabajo = dignity of work.
    * dinámica de trabajo = workflow [work flow].
    * distribución del trabajo = workflow [work flow].
    * distribuir el trabajo = spread + the load.
    * división del trabajo = division of labour.
    * documento de trabajo = working document, working draft.
    * eficacia en el trabajo = quality of service.
    * elaborar un plan de trabajo = develop + agenda.
    * eliminar puestos de trabajo = shed + jobs, axe + jobs, cut + jobs.
    * empresa de trabajo = industrial affiliation.
    * encomendar un trabajo a Alguien = assign + job.
    * encontrar trabajo = find + a job.
    * encontrar trabajo en una biblioteca = join + library.
    * en el horario de trabajo = on company time.
    * en el trabajo = on-the-job, at work.
    * enseñanza antes de empezar el trabajo = pre-service education.
    * enseñanza en el trabajo = in-service education.
    * entorno de trabajo = working environment, work environment.
    * entrevista de trabajo = job interview.
    * equipo de trabajo = study team, project team, work team.
    * esclavo del trabajo = workaholic.
    * escribir un trabajo = write + essay.
    * espacio de trabajo = workspace.
    * específico de un trabajo concreto = job-specific.
    * estación de trabajo = workstation [work station], desktop workstation.
    * estación de trabajo remota = outstation.
    * estadía de trabajo = work visit.
    * estar mareado de tanto trabajo = be reeling.
    * estar relacionado con el trabajo = be work related.
    * estar saturado de trabajo = work to + capacity.
    * estar sin trabajo = stay out of + work.
    * estrategia que ahorra trabajo = labour saver.
    * estrés en el trabajo = job stress.
    * evaluar el rendimiento en el trabajo = evaluate + work performance.
    * excedencia en el trabajo = leave of absence.
    * ficha de trabajo = worksheet, project worksheet.
    * formación continua en el trabajo = workplace training, workplace learning.
    * formación en el trabajo = in-service training, in-service education, in-service, on-the-job training, in-service support.
    * funciones del puesto de trabajo = position + entail + duty.
    * grupo de trabajo = study group, study team, task force, working party, task group, research group, working group, project team.
    * grupo de trabajo por tema de interés = breakout group.
    * guía de trabajo = working guide.
    * hábito de trabajo = work habit, working habit.
    * hablar del trabajo = talk + shop.
    * hacer + Posesivo + trabajo = get on with + Posesivo + work.
    * hacer (todo) el trabajo pesado = do (all) + the donkey work.
    * hacer un buen trabajo = do + a good job.
    * hacer un trabajo = do + work, do + job.
    * hacer un trabajo sobre = do + a project about.
    * hasta aquí de trabajo = up to + Posesivo + eyeballs in work.
    * hasta el cuello de trabajo = up to + Posesivo + eyeballs in work.
    * herramienta de trabajo = tool, tool.
    * hora de trabajo = man-hour.
    * horario de trabajo = hours of operation, working hours, work hours.
    * horario intenso de trabajo = long hours, the.
    * horarios de trabajo demasiado cargados = over-long hours.
    * igualdad de oportunidad en el trabajo = equal employment opportunity.
    * igualdad de retribución por un trabajo de valor comparable = equal pay for comparable work.
    * igualdad de retribución por un trabajo de igual valor = equal pay for equal work.
    * incentivo en el trabajo = work incentive, labour incentive.
    * indicador del trabajo realizado = workload indicator.
    * intercambio de puestos de trabajo = job exchange.
    * jornada de trabajo = workshop.
    * liberar del exceso de trabajo = relieve + overload.
    * liberar de trabajo = relieve + pressure.
    * línea de trabajo = line of work.
    * llamar al trabajo para excusarse por enfermedad = call in + sick.
    * llegar tarde al trabajo = be late for work.
    * lugar de trabajo = affiliation, institutional affiliation, working environment, workplace, place of work, worksite [work site], home institution.
    * lugar de trabajo del autor = author affiliation.
    * magistratura del trabajo = industrial tribunal.
    * marco de trabajo = framework.
    * medida de seguridad e higiene en el trabajo = health and safety standard.
    * memoria de trabajo = working memory.
    * mercado de trabajo = labour market, job market.
    * mercado de trabajo, el = employment market, the.
    * mesa de trabajo = desk, study table.
    * método de trabajo = working method.
    * Ministerio de Trabajo = Department of Labor.
    * modelo de trabajo = working model, business model.
    * mucho trabajo = hard graft.
    * negligente en el trabajo = malpractitioner.
    * neurosis producida por el trabajo = occupational neurosis.
    * NISTF (Grupo de Trabajo sobre los Sistemas Nacionales de Información de la A = NISTF (Society of American Archivists National Information Systems Task Force).
    * no perder el trabajo = stay in + work.
    * norma de trabajo = working rule.
    * no tener trabajo = be unemployed.
    * obtener un puesto de trabajo = obtain + position.
    * ocupar un puesto de trabajo = assume + position, take up + post, hold + post.
    * oferta de trabajo = job advertisement, job offer, help wanted ad, help wanted notice.
    * ofertas de trabajo = help-wanted advertising.
    * oportunidad de trabajo = career opportunity.
    * organización del trabajo = workflow [work flow], working arrangement.
    * paquete de trabajo = workpackage.
    * para trabajos pesados = heavy-duty.
    * pérdida de puestos de trabajo = squeeze on jobs.
    * permiso de trabajo = work permit.
    * permuta de trabajo = job exchange.
    * persona encargada de hacer los trabajos sucios = hatchetman.
    * persona obsesiva con el trabajo = workoholic [workholic], workaholic.
    * persona que asigna el trabajo = assigner.
    * persona que deja un trabajo = leaver.
    * persona que reparte el trabajo = assigner.
    * personas sin trabajo remunerado, los = unwaged, the.
    * plan de trabajo = research agenda, work plan, working plan, work schedule.
    * política de trabajo = policy.
    * postura exigida por el trabajo = work posture.
    * proceso de trabajo = work process.
    * programa de formación en el trabajo = in-service training program(me).
    * programa de trabajo = work schedule.
    * programa de trabajo como interno residente = residency.
    * promoción en el trabajo = job promotion.
    * propuesta de trabajo = project proposal.
    * proyecto de trabajo = work project.
    * puente de trabajo = catwalk.
    * puesto de trabajo = appointment, position, post, opening, career path, professional position, position held.
    * puesto de trabajo de libre designación = line position.
    * puesto de trabajo ocupado = position held.
    * puestos de trabajo ocupados = positions held.
    * quitar puestos de trabajo = shed + jobs, axe + jobs, cut + jobs.
    * realizar el trabajo = get + Posesivo + work done.
    * realizar + Posesivo + trabajo = advance + Posesivo + work.
    * realizar un trabajo = perform + work, undertake + work.
    * realizar un trabajo monótono = have + Posesivo + nose to the grindstone.
    * red de trabajo = peer-to-peer network.
    * relacionado con el trabajo = job-related, work-related.
    * relación de trabajo = working relation, working relationship, work relationship, work relation.
    * relativo al trabajo = occupational.
    * rendimiento en el trabajo = work performance.
    * reunión de trabajo = business meeting, business session.
    * ropa de trabajo = work clothes.
    * rutina de trabajo = work process.
    * sala de trabajo = workroom.
    * salir del trabajo = clock off + work.
    * salud en el trabajo = occupational health.
    * satisfacción en el trabajo = job satisfaction, work satisfaction.
    * segregación en el trabajo = job segregation, employment segregation.
    * seguridad en el trabajo = safety at work, occupational safety.
    * sesión de trabajo = work session, working session.
    * sicología del trabajo = occupational psychology.
    * sin trabajo = jobless.
    * sobrecargado de trabajo = overworked.
    * sociología del trabajo = sociology of work.
    * soliciante de trabajo = job applicant.
    * solicitud de trabajo = job application.
    * superficie de trabajo = working surface, work surface.
    * taller de trabajo = workshop, study school.
    * taller de trabajo esclavo = sweatshop.
    * taller de trabajo sobre composición = writing workshop.
    * tener trabajo para rato = have + Posesivo + work cut out for + Pronombre, have + Posesivo + job cut out for + Pronombre.
    * tener un segundo trabajo = moonlight, work + a second job.
    * tener un trabajo = hold down + job.
    * tener un trabajo remunerado = be gainfully employed.
    * tener un trabajo retribuido = be gainfully employed.
    * tensión en el trabajo = job stress.
    * tensión producida por el trabajo = occupational stress.
    * terminar turno de trabajo = come off + duty.
    * toda una vida de trabajo = a lifetime of work.
    * tomarse excedencia en el trabajo = take + leave from + employment.
    * tomarse + Expresión Temporal + de permiso en el trabajo = take + Expresión Temporal + off, have + Expresión Temporal + off work.
    * tomarse unos días de permiso en el trabajo = take + time off work.
    * tomarse unos días de permiso en el trabajo = take + time off, take + time out.
    * trabajo académico = academic work.
    * trabajo a destajo = piecework.
    * trabajo a distancia = telecommuting, teleworking, telework.
    * trabajo administrativo de apoyo = clerical work.
    * trabajo a medias = job share.
    * trabajo artesanal = craftsmanship.
    * trabajo a tiempo parcial = part-time work, part-time employment, part-time job.
    * trabajo atípico = atypical work.
    * trabajo autónomo = self-employment.
    * trabajo bibliográfico = bibliographic work.
    * trabajo bibliotecario = library work.
    * trabajo burocrático = paper-keeping.
    * trabajo científico = scientific work, scholarly work.
    * trabajo compartido = job sharing.
    * trabajo complicado = major exercise.
    * trabajo con documentación automatizada = computer-based information work.
    * trabajo conjunto = interworking.
    * trabajo con ordenador = computer work.
    * trabajo cotidiano = daily work.
    * trabajo creativo = creative work.
    * trabajo de alfabetización = literacy work.
    * trabajo de apoyo = escort work.
    * trabajo de calidad = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * trabajo de campo = fieldwork [field work].
    * trabajo de catalogación = cataloguing work.
    * trabajo de chinos = fiddly [fiddlier -comp., fiddliest -sup.].
    * trabajo de clase = term paper, coursework [course work], term project, homework.
    * trabajo de detective = sleuthing.
    * trabajo de escolta = escort work.
    * trabajo de impresión = bookwork.
    * trabajo de impresión de material efímero = ephemeral jobbing.
    * trabajo de información y de las bibliotecas = library and information work.
    * trabajo de investigación = investigative work, research paper, research work.
    * trabajo de la casa = housework.
    * trabajo de menores = child labour.
    * trabajo de poca monta = odd-job.
    * trabajo de préstamo de servicios = service job.
    * trabajo de referencia = reference work.
    * trabajo desinteresado = labour of love.
    * trabajo detectivesco = sleuthing.
    * trabajo de toda una vida = life's work, lifework.
    * trabajo diario = day's work, daily work.
    * trabajo doméstico = domestic duty, domestic work, domestic task.
    * trabajo duro = hard labour, thirsty work, hard work.
    * trabajo duro, mucho trabajo = hard graft.
    * trabajo editorial = editorship.
    * trabajo en archivística = archives work.
    * trabajo en colaboración = interworking.
    * trabajo en común = interworking.
    * trabajo en curso = work in progress.
    * trabajo en equipo = teamwork, collaborative teamwork, team management.
    * trabajo en red = networking.
    * trabajo en sucio = rough work.
    * trabajo entre manos, el = work at hand, the.
    * trabajo eventual = jobbing.
    * trabajo físico = physical work.
    * trabajo improductivo = busywork.
    * trabajo individual = independent study, self-study.
    * trabajo infantil = child labour, child work.
    * trabajo ininterrumpido = continuous work.
    * trabajo manual = craft, craft activity, handiwork, manual labour.
    * trabajo monótono = drudge work, drudgery.
    * trabajo + no faltar = have + Posesivo + work cut out for + Pronombre, have + Posesivo + job cut out for + Pronombre.
    * trabajo no remunerado = unpaid work, unremunerated work.
    * trabajo pesado = grind, grinding, donkey work.
    * trabajo por cuenta propia = self-employment.
    * trabajo por libre = freelance [free-lance].
    * trabajo por + Posesivo + cuenta = freelance [free-lance].
    * trabajo por turnos = shift work.
    * trabajo práctico = fieldwork [field work], practical work.
    * trabajo preliminar = groundwork, legwork, spadework [spade work].
    * trabajo previo = groundwork, spadework [spade work].
    * trabajo remunerado = work-for-hire, paid work, paid labour.
    * trabajo rutinario = chore, routine work, mundane task.
    * trabajos = life's work.
    * trabajos de impresión de material efímero = jobbing work.
    * trabajos de rescate = rescue work.
    * trabajos forzados = forced labour, hard labour.
    * trabajo social = social work.
    * trabajo sucio = dirty work.
    * trabajo sumergido = informal work.
    * trabajo temporal = temporary job, casual job.
    * trabajo urgente = hurried work, rush job.
    * trabajo y esfuerzo = toil and trouble.
    * turno de trabajo de atención al usuario = desk duty.
    * un trabajo bien hecho = a job well done.
    * uso compartido de mesas de trabajo = hot desking.
    * útil de trabajo = tool.
    * vida en el trabajo = job life.
    * visita de trabajo = field trip.

    trabajo2
    2 = assignment, student paper, work, project work, term project.

    Ex: The problems and assignments presented are real problems and assignments, and the people involved are real people, all suitably disguised to protect their identity.

    Ex: 5 data collection instruments were used: printouts of data base searches executed by students; a questionnaire; bibliographies from student papers; serial holdings of the university library; and interviews with instructors.
    Ex: An authority entry is an entry for which the initial element is the uniform heading for a person, corporate body, or work, as established by the cataloguing agency responsible.
    Ex: For instance, if children are doing a project work on dogs, they will hunt out anything and everything that so much as mentions them and the bits thus mined are assiduously transcribed into project folders.
    Ex: In 1994, 21 students on an introductory course on communication processes completed analyses of 14 different electronic lists or newsgroups as their term projects.
    * impresor de pequeños trabajos = jobbing house, jobbing office, jobbing printer.
    * mesa de trabajo = writing desk, work desk.
    * preparar un trabajo de clase = research + paper.
    * trabajo de clase = essay assignment, class assignment, course assignment, student assignment, written assignment.
    * trabajo de lectura obligatoria = a must-read.
    * trabajo de restauración = restoration work.
    * trabajo editado = published work.
    * trabajo escolar = school work [schoolwork].
    * trabajo impreso = printed work.
    * trabajo publicado = published work.
    * trabajos de clase = classroom asignment.
    * un trabajo cuqlquiera = casual job.

    * * *
    A
    1
    (empleo): conseguir trabajo to get o find work
    consiguió un trabajo muy bien pagado he got himself a very well-paid job
    hay dos trabajos interesantes en el periódico de hoy there are two interesting vacancies o jobs in today's paper
    se fue a la capital a buscar trabajo he went to the capital to look for work o for a job
    se quedó sin trabajo she lost her job, she was made redundant, she was let go ( AmE)
    no tiene trabajo fijo he doesn't have a steady job
    buscaba trabajo de jornada completa or a tiempo completo or de tiempo completo I was looking for full-time work o for a full-time job
    2 (lugar) work
    está en el trabajo she's at work
    ir al trabajo to go to work
    llámame al trabajo give me a call at work
    la estación queda cerca de mi trabajo the station's close to where I work
    Compuesto:
    work-sharing
    B (actividad, labor) work
    trabajo intelectual intellectual work o brainwork
    su capacidad de trabajo es enorme he has an enormous capacity for work
    la máquina hace el trabajo de cinco personas the machine does the work of five people
    requiere años de trabajo it takes years of work
    todo nuestro trabajo ha sido en vano all our work has been in vain
    es un trabajo especializado/de precisión it's specialized/precision work
    me tocó a mí hacer todo el trabajo I ended up doing all the work, I got stuck o ( BrE) landed with all the work ( colloq)
    hoy no puedo, tengo mucho trabajo I can't today, I have o I've got a lot of work to do
    tengo mucho trabajo acumulado I have a huge backlog of work to do
    este bordado tiene mucho trabajo a lot of work has gone into this embroidery
    ¡buen trabajo! te felicito nice work! well done
    fue premiado por su trabajo en esa película he was given an award for his performance in that movie
    hacer un trabajo de zapa to work o scheme behind the scenes
    le he estado haciendo un trabajo de trabajo y ya lo tengo en el bote I've been quietly working on him o softening him up and now I've got him right where I want him
    Compuestos:
    piece work
    agricultural work
    (CS) work to rule
    fieldwork
    fiddly o laborious job
    labor*
    work experience
    assembly-line work
    mpl hard labor*
    mpl handicrafts (pl)
    social work
    voluntary o ( AmE) volunteer work
    C
    1 (tarea, obra) job
    es un trabajo que no lo puede hacer cualquiera it's not a job that just anyone can do
    limpiar el horno es un trabajo que odio cleaning the oven is a job o chore I hate
    la satisfacción de un trabajo bien hecho the satisfaction of a job well done
    me cobró un dineral por un par de trabajos he charged me a fortune for doing a couple of little jobs o tasks
    2 (obra escrita) piece of work
    un trabajo bien documentado a well-documented piece of work
    estoy haciendo un trabajo sobre Lorca I'm doing a paper/an essay on Lorca
    D
    (esfuerzo): con mucho trabajo consiguió levantarse with great effort she managed to get up
    nos dio mucho trabajo pintarlo painting it was hard work o took a lot of work
    los niños dan mucho trabajo children are hard work o a lot of work
    me cuesta trabajo creerlo I find it hard to believe
    nos costó trabajo convencerla de que viniera we had a hard time persuading her to come
    se tomó/dio el trabajo de venir a buscarme she took the trouble to come and pick me up
    puedes ahorrarte el trabajo de ir hasta allá you can save yourself the trouble o bother of going all the way over there
    E ( Econ) labor*
    el capital y el trabajo capital and labor
    F ( Fís) work
    * * *

     

    Del verbo trabajar: ( conjugate trabajar)

    trabajo es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    trabajó es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    trabajar    
    trabajo
    trabajar ( conjugate trabajar) verbo intransitivo
    1 ( en general) to work;

    trabajo jornada completa or a tiempo completo to work full-time;
    trabajo media jornada to work part-time;
    trabajo mucho to work hard;
    ¿en qué trabajas? what do you do (for a living)?;
    estoy trabajando en una novela I'm working on a novel;
    trabajo DE or COMO algo to work as sth
    2 ( actuar) to act, perform;
    ◊ ¿quién trabaja en la película who's in the movie?

    verbo transitivo
    1
    a) ‹campo/tierra/madera› to work


    2 (perfeccionar, pulir) to work on
    trabajo sustantivo masculino
    1
    a) ( empleo) job;

    ◊ buscar trabajo to look for work o for a job;

    quedarse sin trabajo to lose one's job;
    un trabajo fijo a steady job;
    un trabajo de media jornada a part-time job;
    un trabajo de jornada completa or a tiempo completo a full-time job
    b) ( lugar) work;


    ir al trabajo to go to work
    2 (actividad, labor) work;

    el trabajo de la casa housework;
    los niños dan mucho trabajo children are hard work;
    ¡buen trabajo! well done!;
    trabajo de campo fieldwork;
    trabajos forzados hard labor( conjugate labor);
    trabajos manuales handicrafts (pl);
    trabajo voluntario voluntary o (AmE) volunteer work
    3
    a) ( tarea) job;



    (en universidad, escuela) essay
    4 ( esfuerzo):

    me cuesta trabajo creerlo I find it hard to believe
    trabajar
    I verbo intransitivo
    1 to work: trabaja de secretaria, she works as a secretary
    trabaja en los astilleros, she works in the shipyard
    trabaja bien, he's a good worker
    2 Cine (actuar) to act: en esta película trabaja mi actriz favorita, my favourite actress is in this movie
    II verbo transitivo
    1 (pulir, ejercitar, estudiar) to work on: tienes que trabajar más el estilo, you have to work on your style
    2 (la madera) to work
    (un metal) to work
    (la tierra) to work, till
    (cuero) to emboss
    2 (comerciar) to trade, sell: nosotros no trabajamos ese artículo, we don't stock that item
    trabajo sustantivo masculino
    1 work: hoy tengo poco trabajo, I have little work today
    2 (empleo) job: no tiene trabajo, he is unemployed
    3 (esfuerzo) work, effort: nos costó mucho trabajo hacerlo, it was hard to do it
    4 Educ (sobre un tema) paper
    (de manualidades) craft work
    5 (tarea) task
    un trabajo de chinos, a laborious job
    ' trabajo' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abarcar
    - abundancia
    - actual
    - adicta
    - adicto
    - afanosa
    - afanoso
    - agencia
    - agobiada
    - agobiado
    - agobiante
    - antigüedad
    - ascender
    - asquerosidad
    - aterrizar
    - balde
    - bestialidad
    - bicoca
    - bolsa
    - bordar
    - buscar
    - cadena
    - calendario
    - calle
    - cambiar
    - campo
    - capear
    - cara
    - cargada
    - cargado
    - caterva
    - chapucera
    - chapucero
    - chapuza
    - chollo
    - colocarse
    - como
    - condición
    - condicionamiento
    - construcción
    - cuanta
    - cuanto
    - cubierta
    - cubierto
    - dar
    - dejar
    - desbandada
    - descansada
    - descansado
    - descargar
    English:
    abandon
    - acclaim
    - actual
    - allocation
    - ambivalent
    - anxiety
    - apathetic
    - application
    - apply
    - apply for
    - apprentice
    - arm-twisting
    - artwork
    - assignment
    - at
    - attack
    - backlog
    - backup
    - barrel
    - be-all and end-all
    - begrudge
    - better
    - blouse
    - blue
    - board
    - bog down
    - boiler suit
    - book
    - botch
    - bother
    - bread-and-butter
    - bulk
    - burn out
    - bury
    - busywork
    - by
    - capacity
    - careless
    - carry over
    - casual
    - catch up
    - chapter
    - choose
    - chuck in
    - clerical
    - collaboration
    - colleague
    - comedown
    - commute
    - commuter
    * * *
    1. [tarea, actividad, práctica] work;
    tengo mucho trabajo que hacer I've got a lot of work to do;
    una casa tan grande da mucho trabajo a big house like that is a lot of work;
    uno de los últimos trabajos de Diego Rivera one of Diego Rivera's last works;
    recibió un Óscar por su trabajo en “Cabaret” she received an Oscar for (her performance in) “Cabaret”;
    ¡buen trabajo! good work!;
    hacer un buen trabajo to do a good job;
    ser un trabajo de chinos [minucioso] to be a fiddly o finicky job;
    [pesado] to be hard work trabajo de campo fieldwork;
    trabajo de o en equipo teamwork;
    trabajo físico physical work, manual labour;
    trabajos forzados o forzosos hard labour;
    trabajo intelectual intellectual work;
    trabajo manual manual labour;
    trabajos manuales [en el colegio] arts and crafts;
    trabajo de oficina office job;
    trabajo remunerado paid work;
    trabajo social social work;
    trabajo sucio dirty work;
    trabajo temporal temporary work;
    trabajo por turnos shiftwork;
    trabajo voluntario voluntary work
    2. [empleo] job;
    buscar/encontrar trabajo to look for/find work o a job;
    no tener trabajo, estar sin trabajo to be out of work;
    me he quedado sin trabajo I've been left without a job, I'm out of work;
    tener un trabajo fijo to have a permanent job
    3. [lugar] work;
    en el trabajo at work;
    ir al trabajo to go to work;
    ¿quieres que pase a recogerte al trabajo? do you want me to pick you up from work?
    4. [escrito] [por estudiante] essay, paper;
    hacer un trabajo sobre algo/alguien to write an essay on sth/sb
    5. [esfuerzo] effort;
    lograron sacar el armario con mucho trabajo they managed to remove the wardrobe, but not without a lot of effort o but it was no easy task;
    costar mucho trabajo (a alguien) to take (sb) a lot of effort;
    me cuesta mucho trabajo levantarme por las mañanas I find it a real struggle getting up in the morning;
    cuesta trabajo admitir que uno se ha equivocado it's not easy to admit that you're wrong;
    tomarse el trabajo de hacer algo to go to o take the trouble of doing sth
    6. Econ & Pol labour
    7. Fís work
    8. Literario
    trabajos [apuros] hardships;
    pasar trabajos to suffer hardships
    * * *
    m work; ( tarea, puesto) job;
    buscar trabajo be looking for work, be looking for a job;
    tengo un buen trabajo I have a good job;
    costar trabajo be hard o difficult;
    tomarse el trabajo de take the trouble to
    * * *
    1) : work, job
    2) labor: labor, work
    tengo mucho trabajo: I have a lot of work to do
    3) tarea: task
    4) esfuerza: effort
    5)
    costar trabajo : to be difficult
    6)
    tomarse el trabajo : to take the trouble
    7)
    trabajo en equipo : teamwork
    8) trabajos nmpl
    : hardships, difficulties
    * * *
    1. (actividad, esfuerzo) work
    2. (empleo, tarea) job
    3. (lugar) work
    4. (redacción) essay / project

    Spanish-English dictionary > trabajo

  • 62 दुर् _dur

    दुर् ind. (A prefix substituted for दुस् before words beginning with vowels or soft consonants in the sense of 'bad'. 'hard' or 'difficult to do a certain thing'; for compounds with दुस् as first member see दुस् s. v.).
    -Comp. -अक्ष a.
    1 weak-eyed.
    -2 evileyed.
    (-क्षः) 1 a loaded or false die.
    -2 dishonest gambling.
    -अक्षरम् an evil word; श्रुतिं ममाविश्य भवद्दुरक्षरं सृजत्यदः कीटकवदुत्कटा रुजः N.9.63.
    -अतिक्रम a. difficult to be overcome or conquered, unconquerable; सर्वं तु तपसा साध्यं तपो हि दुरति- क्रमम् Ms.11.2.38; स्वभावो दुरतिक्रमः 'nature cannot be changed'; स्वजातिर्दुरतिक्रमा Pt.1.
    -2 insurmountable, impassable; B. R.6.18-19.
    -3 inevitable. (
    -मः) an epithet of Viṣṇu.
    -अत्यय a.
    1 difficult to be overcome; स्वर्गमार्गपरिघो दुरत्ययः R.11.88.
    -2 hard to be attained or fathomed; स एष आत्मा स्वपरेत्यबुद्धिभिर्दुरत्यया- नुक्रमणो निरूप्यते Bhāg.7.5.13.
    -अदृष्टम् ill-luck, misfortune.
    -अधिग, -अधिगम a.
    1 hard to reach or attain, unattainable; Bhāg.3.23.8; दुरधिगमः परभागो यावत्पुरुषेण पौरुषं न कृतम् Pt.1.33.
    -2 insurmountable.
    -3 hard to be studied or understood; इह दुरधिगमैः किञ्चि- देवागमैः Ki.5.18.
    -अधिष्ठित a. badly performed, managed, or executed. (
    -तम्) improper stay at a place.
    -अधीत a. badly learnt or read.
    -अध्यय a.
    1 difficult of attainment; सहस्रवर्त्मा चपलैर्दुरध्ययः Śi.12.11.
    -2 hard to be studied.
    -अध्यवसायः a foolish undertaking.
    -अध्वः a bad road; स्वयं दुरध्वार्णवनाविकाः कथं स्पृशन्तु विज्ञाय हृदापि तादृशीम् N.9.33.
    -अन्त a.
    1 whose end is difficult to be reached, endless, infinite; संकर्षणाय सूक्ष्माय दुरन्तायान्तकाय च Bhāg.
    -2 ending ill or in misery, unhappy; अहो दुरन्ता बलवद्विरोधिता Ki.1.23; नृत्यति युवति- जनेन समं सखि विरहिजनस्य दुरन्ते (वसन्ते) Gīt.1; इयमुदरदरी- दुरन्तधारा यदि न भवेदभिमानभङ्गभूमिः Udb.
    -3 hard to be understood or known.
    -4 insurmountable.
    -अन्तक a. = दुरन्त q. v. (
    -कः) an epithet of Śiva.
    -अन्वय a.
    1 difficult to be passed along; Mb.14.51.17.
    -2 hard to be carried out or followed.
    -3 difficult to be attained. or understood; बुद्धिश्च ते महाप्राज्ञ देवैरपि दुरन्वया Rām.3. 66.18.
    -4 not suitable, improper; वचो दुरन्वयं विप्रास्तूष्णी- मासन्भ्रमद्धियः Bhāg.1.84.14.
    (-यः) 1 a wrong conclusion, one wrongly inferred from given premisses.
    -2 (in gram.) a false agreement.
    -अपवादः ill report. slander.
    -अभिग्रह a. difficult to be caught.
    -अभि- मानिन् a. vain-glorious, disagreeably proud.
    - अवगम a. incomprehensible; Bhāg.5.13.26.
    -अवग्रह a.
    1 difficult to be restrained or subjugated; भक्ता भजस्व दुरवग्रह मा त्यजास्मान् Bhāg.1.29.31.
    -2 disagreeable.
    -अवग्राह a. difficult to be attained; Bhāg.7.1.19.
    -अवच्छद a. difficult to be hidden; हेतुभिर्लक्षयांचक्रुराप्रीतां दुरवच्छदैः Bhāg.1.62.28.
    -अवबोध a. unintelligible. Bhāg.1.49.29.
    -अवसित a. unfathomed, difficult to be ascertained, द्युपतिभिरजशक्रशंकराद्यैर्दुरवसितस्तवमच्युतं नतो$स्मि Bhāg.12.12.67.
    -अवस्थ a. ill off, badly or poorly circumstanced.
    -अवस्था, -स्थानम् a wretched or miser- able state; Bhāg.5.3.12.
    -अवाप a. difficult to be gained or fulfilled; Ś.1.
    -अवेक्षितम् an improper look.
    -अह्नः a bad day.
    -आकृति a. ugly, mis-shaped.
    -आक्रन्द a. crying bitterly or miserably; किं क्रन्दसि दुराक्रन्द स्वपक्ष- क्षयकारक Pt.4.29.
    -आक्रम a.
    1 invincible, unconquer- able.
    -2 difficult to be passed.
    -आक्रमणम् 1 unfair attack.
    -2 difficult approach.
    -आगमः improper or illegal acquisition.
    -आग्रहः foolish obstinacy, head- strongness, pertinacity; ममाहमित्यूढदुराग्रहाणां पुंसाम् Bhāg.3. 5.43.
    1 hard to be performed.
    -2 incurable (as a disease).
    -आचार a.
    1 ill-conducted, badly be- haved.
    -2 following bad practices, wicked, depraved; अपि चेत्सुदुराचारो भजते मामनन्यभाक् Bg.9.3. (
    -रः) bad practice, ill-conduct, wikedness.
    -आढ्य a. not rich, poor.
    -आत्मता vileness, baseness, wickedness.
    -आत्मन् a. evil-natured, low, wicked, vile, base, mean; ये च प्राहुर्दुरात्मानो दुराराध्या महीभुजः Pt.1.39. (-m.) a rascal, villain, scoundrel.
    - आधर a. difficult to be withstood or overpowered, irresistible.
    -आधर्ष a. hard to be approached or assailed, unassailable जगन्नाथो दुराधर्षो गङ्गां भागीरथीं प्रति Mb.
    -2 not to be attacked with impu- nity.
    -3 haughty. (
    -र्षः) white mustard.
    -आधारः an epithet of Śiva.
    -आधिः (m.)
    1 distress or anxiety of mind; निरस्तनारीसमया दुराधयः Ki.1.28.
    -2 indignation.
    -आधी a. Ved. malignant, thinking ill of.
    - आनम a. difficult to bend or draw; स विचिन्त्य धनुर्दुरानमम् R.11.38.
    -आप a.
    1 difficult to be obtained; श्रिया दुरापः कथमीप्सितो भवेत् Ś.3.13; R.1.72;6.62.
    -2 difficult to be ap- proached; Pt.1.67.
    -3 hard to be overcome.
    -आपादन a. difficult to be brought about; किं दुरापादनं तेषाम् Bhāg.3.23.42.
    -आपूर a. difficult to be filled or satisfied; Bhāg.7.6.8.
    -आबाध a. hard to be molested. (
    -धः) N. of Śiva.
    -आमोदः bad scent, stench; शवधूमदुरामोदः शालिभक्ते$त्र विद्यते Ks.82.22.
    -आराध्य a. difficult to be propitiated, hard to be won over or conciliated; दुराराध्याः श्रियो राज्ञां दुरापा दुष्परिग्रहाः Pt.1.38.
    -आरुह a. difficult to be mounted.
    (-हः) 1 the Bilva tree.
    -2 the cocoanut tree.
    -3 the date tree.
    -आरोप a. difficult to be strung (bow); दुरारोपमैन्दुशेखरं धनुर्दुर्निवारा रावणभुजदण्डाः B. R.1.46-47.
    -आरोह a. difficult of ascent.
    (-हः) 1 The cocoanut tree.
    -2 the palm tree.
    -3 the date tree.
    -आलापः 1 a curse, imprecation.
    -2 foul of abusive language.
    -आलोक a.
    1 difficult to be seen or perceived.
    -2 painfully bright, dazzling; दुरालोकः स समरे निदाघाम्बररत्नवत् K. P.1. (
    -कः) dazzling splendour.
    -आव(वा)र a.
    1 difficult to be covered or filled up; दुरावरं त्वदन्येन राज्यखण्डमिदं महत् Rām.2.15.5.
    -2 difficult to be restrained, shut in, kept back or stopped.
    -आवर्त a. difficult to be convinced or set up; भवन्ति सुदुरावर्ता हेतुमन्तो$पि पण्डिताः Mb.12.19.23.
    1 evil-minded, wicked, malicious, स्फुटनिर्भिन्नो दुराशयो$धमः Śi. उपेयिवान् मूलमशेषमूलं दुराशयः कामदुघाङ्घ्रिपस्य Bhāg.3.21.15.
    -2 having a bad place or rest. (-m.) the subtle body which is not destroyed by death (लिङ्गदेह); एतन्मे जन्म लोके$स्मिन्मुमुक्षूणां दुराशयात् Bhāg.3.24. 36.
    -आशा 1 a bad or wicked desire.
    -2 hoping against hope.
    -आस a. difficult to be abided or associated with; संघर्षिणा सह गुणाभ्यधिकैर्दुरासम् Śi.5.19.
    1 difficult to be approached or overtaken; स सभूव दुरासदः परैः R.3.66; 8.4; Mv.2.5; 4.15.
    -2 difficult to be found or met with.
    -3 unequalled, unparalleled.
    -4 hard to be borne, insupportable.
    -5 difficult to be conquered, unassailable, unconquerable; जहि शत्रुं महाबाहो कामरूपं दुरासदम् Bg.3.43. (
    -दः) an epithet of Śiva.
    -इत a.
    1 difficult.
    -2 sinful.
    (-तम्) 1 a bad course, evil, sin; दरिद्राणां दैन्यं दुरितमथ दुर्वासनहृदां द्रुतं दूरीकुर्वन् G. L.2; R.8.2; Amaru.2; Mv.3.43.
    -2 a difficulty, danger.
    -3 a calamity, evil; अपत्ये यत्तादृग्- दुरितमभवत् U.4.3.
    -इतिः f. Ved.
    1 a bad course.
    -2 difficulty.
    -इष्टम् 1 a curse, imprecation.
    -2 a spell or sacrificial rite performed to injure another person.
    -ईशः a bad lord or master.
    -ईषणा, -एषणा 1 a curse, an imprecation.
    -2 an evil eye.
    -उक्त a. harshly utter- ed; Pt.1.89.
    -उक्तम्, -उक्तिः f. offensive speech, reproach, abuse, censure; लक्ष्मि क्षमस्व वचनीयमिदं दुरुक्तम् Udb.
    -उच्छेद a. difficult to be destroyed.
    -उत्तर a.
    1 unanswerable.
    -2 difficult to be crossed; दुरुत्तरे पङ्क इवान्धकारे Bk.11.2; प्राप्तः पङ्को दुरुत्तरः Ki.15.17.
    - उदय a. appearing with difficulty, not easily manifested; यो$ नात्मनां दुरुदयो भगवान्प्रतीतः Bhāg.3.16.5.
    -उदर्क a. having bad or no consequences; N.5.41.
    -उदाहर a. diffi- cult to be pronounced or composed; अनुज्झितार्थसंबन्धः प्रबन्धो दुरुदाहरः Śi.2.73.
    -उद्वह a. burdensome, unbear- able.
    - उपसद a. difficult of approach; Ki.7.9.
    -उपसर्पिन् a. approaching incautiously; एकमेव दहत्यग्निर्नरं दुरुपसर्पिणम् Ms.7.9.
    -ऊह a. abstruse; जानीते जयदेव एव शरणः श्लाघ्ये दुरूहद्रुते Gīt.
    -एव a. Ved.
    1 having evil ways.
    -2 irresis- tible, unassailable. (
    -वः) a wicked person.
    -ओषस् a. Ved. slow, lazy.
    - ग 1 difficult of access, inaccessible, impervious, impassable; दुर्गस्त्वेष महापन्थाः Mb.12.3. 5; दुर्गं पथस्तत्कवयो वदन्ति Kaṭh.1.3.14.
    -2 unattain- able.
    -3 incomprehensible.
    -4 following wicked path, vicious; Rām.2.39.22.
    (-गः, -गम्) 1 a difficult or narrow passage through a wood or over a stream, mountain &c., a defile, narrow pass.
    -2 a citadel. fortress, castle; न दुर्गं दुर्गमित्येव दुर्गमं मन्यते जनः । तस्य दुर्गमता सैव यत्प्रभुस्तस्य दुर्गमः ॥ Śiva. B.16.61.
    -3 rough ground.
    -4 difficulty, adversity, calamity, distress, danger; निस्तारयतिं दुर्गाच्च Ms.3.98;11.43; मच्चित्तः सर्व- दुर्गाणि मत्प्रसादात्तरिष्यसि; Bg.18.58.
    (-गः) 1 bdellium.
    -2 the Supreme Being.
    -3 N. of an Asura slain by Durgā (thus receiving her name from him). ˚अध्यक्षः, ˚पतिः, ˚पालः the commandant or governor of a castle. ˚अन्तः The suburb of a fort; दुर्गान्ते सिद्धतापसाः Kau. A. 1.12. ˚कर्मन् n. fortification. ˚कारक a. making difficult. (
    -कः) the birch tree. ˚घ्नी N. of Durgā. ˚तरणी an epithet of Sāvitrī. सावित्री दुर्गतरणी वीणा सप्तविधा तथा Mb. ˚मार्गः a defile, gorge. ˚लङ्घनम् surmounting difficu- lties. (
    -नः) a camel. ˚संचरः
    1 a difficult passage as to a fort &c., a bridge &c. over a defile. ˚संस्कारः Repairs to the old forts; अतो दुर्गसंस्कार आरब्धव्ये किं कौमुदीमहोत्सवेन Mu. ˚सिंहः N. of the author of कलापपरिशिष्ट. ˚व्यसनम् a defect or weak point in a fortress. (
    -र्गा) an epithet of Pārvatī, wife of Śiva.
    -2 the female cuckoo
    -3 N. of several plants. ˚नवमी the 9th day of the bright half of कार्तिक. ˚पूजा the chief festival in honour of दुर्गा in Bengal in the month of Āśvina.
    -गत a.
    1 unfortunate, in bad circumstances; समाश्वसिमि केनाहं कथं प्राणिमि दुर्गतः Bk.18.1.
    -2 indigent, poor.
    -3 distressed, in trouble.
    -गतता ill-luck, poverty, misery; तावज्जन्मातिदुःखाय ततो दुर्गतता सदा Pt.1.265.
    -गतिः f.
    1 misfortune, poverty, want, trouble, indigence; न हि कल्याणकृत्कश्चिद् दुर्गतिं तात गच्छति Bg.6.4.
    -2 a difficult situation or path.
    -3 hell.
    -गन्ध a. ill-smelling.
    (-न्धः) 1 bad odour, stink
    -2 any ill-smelling substance.
    -3 an onion.
    -4 the mango tree. (
    -न्धम्) sochal salt.
    -गन्धि, -गन्धिन् a. ill-smelling.
    -गम a.
    1 impassable, inaccessible, impervious; कामिनीकायकान्तारे कुचपर्वतदुर्गमे Bh.1.86; Śi. 12.49.
    -2 unattainable, difficult of attainment.
    -3 hard to be understood. (
    -मम्) a difficult place like hill etc; भ्राम्यन्ते दुर्गमेष्वपि Pt.5.81.
    -गाढ, -गाध, -गाह्य a. difficult to be fathomed or investigated, unfathomable.
    -गुणितम् not properly studied; चिराम्यस्तपथं याति शास्त्रं दुर्गुणितं यथा Avimārakam.2.4.
    -गोष्ठी evil association; conspiracy. वृद्धो रक्कः कम्पनेशो दुर्गोष्ठीमध्यगो$भवत् Rāj. T.6. 17.
    -ग्रह a.
    1 difficult to be gained or accomplished.
    -2 difficult to be conquered or subjugated; दुर्गाणि दुर्ग्रहाण्यासन् तस्य रोद्धुरपि द्विषाम् R.17.52.
    -3 hard to be understood.
    (-हः) 1 a cramp, spasm.
    -2 obstinacy.
    -3 whim, monomania; कथं न वा दुर्ग्रहदोष एष ते हितेन सम्य- ग्गुरुणापि शम्यते N.9.41.
    -घट a.
    1 difficult. कार्याणि घटयन्नासीद् दुर्घटान्यपि हेलया Rāj. T.4.364.
    -2 impossible.
    -घण a.
    1 closely packed together, very compact.
    -घुरुटः An unbeliever; L. D. B.
    -घोषः 1 a harsh cry.
    -2 a bear.
    -जन a.
    1 wicked, bad, vile.
    -2 slanderous, malicious, mischievous; यथा स्त्रीणां तथा वाचां साधुत्वे दुर्जनो जनः U.1.6. (
    -नः) a bad or wicked person, a malicious or mischievous man, villain; दुर्जनः प्रियवादी च नैतद्विश्वास- कारणम् Chāṇ.24,25; शाम्येत्प्रत्यपकारेण नोपकारेण दुर्जनः Ku.2.4. (दुर्जनायते Den. Ā. to become wicked; स्वजनो$पि दरिद्राणां तत्क्षणाद् दुर्जनायते Pt.1.5.). (दुर्जनीकृ [च्वि] to make blameworthy; दुर्जनीकृतास्मि अनेन मां चित्रगतां दर्शयता Nāg.2).
    -जय a. invincible. (
    -यः) N. of Viṣṇu.
    -जर a.
    1 ever youthful; तस्मिन्स्तनं दुर्जरवीर्यमुल्बणं घोराङ्कमादाय शिशोर्दधावथ Bhāg.1.6.1.
    -2 hard (as food), indigestible.
    -3 difficult to be enjoyed; राजश्रीर्दुर्जरा तस्य नवत्वे भूभुजो$भवत् Rāj. T.5.19.
    -जात a.
    1 unhappy, wretched.
    -2 bad-tempered, bad, wicked; Rāj. T.3. 142.
    -3 false, not genuine. ˚जीयिन् a. one who is born in vain; यो न यातयते वैरमल्पसत्त्वोद्यमः पुमान् । अफलं जन्म तस्याहं मन्ये दुर्जातजायिनः ॥ Mb.
    (-तम्) 1 a misfortune, calamity, difficulty; त्वं तावद् दुर्जाते मे$त्यन्तसाहाय्यकारिणी भव M.3; दुर्जातबन्धुः R.13.72. 'a friend in need or adversity.'
    -2 impropriety.
    -जाति a.
    1 bad natured, vile, wicked; रुदितशरणा दुर्जातीनां सहस्व रुषां फलम् Amaru.96.
    -2 out- cast. (
    -तिः f.) misfortune, ill condition.
    -ज्ञान, -ज्ञेय a. difficult to be known, incomprehensible. उच्चावचेषु भुतेषु दुर्ज्ञेयामकृतात्मभिः Ms.6.73. (
    -यः) N. of Śiva.
    -णयः, -नयः, -नीतिः 1 bad conduct.
    -2 impropriety
    -3 in- justice.
    -णामन्, -नामन् a. having a bad name.
    -णीत a.
    1 ill-behaved.
    -2 impolitic.
    -3 forward. (
    -तम्) miscon- duct; दुर्णीतं किमिहास्ति किं सुचरितं कः स्थानलाभे गुणः H.
    -दम, -दमन, -दम्य a. difficult to be subdued, untamable, indomitable.
    -दर्श a.
    1 difficult to be seen.
    -2 dazzling; सुदुर्दर्शमिदं रूपं दृष्टवानसि यन्मन Bg.11.52.
    -दर्शन a. ugly, ill-looking; दुर्दर्शनेन घटतामियमप्यनेन Māl.2.8.
    -दशा a misfortune, calamity.
    -दान्त a.
    1 hard to be tamed or subdued, untamable; Śi.12.22.
    -2 intractable, proud, insolent; दुर्दान्तानां दमनविधयः क्षत्रियेष्वायतन्ते Mv.3.34.
    (-तः) 1 a calf.
    -2 a strife, quarrel.
    -3 N. of Śiva.
    -दिन a. cloudy, rainy.
    (-नम्) 1 a bad day in general; तद्दिनं दुर्दिनं मन्ये यत्र मित्रागमो हि न Subhāṣ.
    -2 a rainy or cloudy day, stormy or rainy weather; उन्नमत्यकालदुर्दिनम् Mk.5; Ku.6 43; Mv.4.57.
    -3 a shower (of any- thing); द्विषां विषह्य काकुत्स्थस्तत्र नाराचदुर्दिनम् ॥ सन्मङ्गलस्नात इव R.4.41,82;5.47; U.5.5.
    -4 thick darkness; जीमूतैश्च दिशः सर्वाश्चक्रे तिमिरदुर्दिनाः Mb. (दुर्दिनायते Den. Ā. to become cloudy.)
    -दिवसः a dark or rainy day; Pt.1.173.
    -दुरूटः, -ढः 1 an unbeliever
    -2 an abusive word.
    -दृश a.
    1 disagreeable to the sight, disgusting; दुर्दृशं तत्र राक्षसं घोररूपमपश्यत्सः Mb.1.2.298.
    -2 difficult to be seen; पादचारमिवादित्यं निष्पतन्तं सुदुर्दृशम् Rām.7.33.5.
    -दृष्ट a. ill- judged or seen, wrongly decided; Y.2.35.
    -दैवम् ill-luck, misfortune.
    -द्यूतम् an unfair game.
    -द्रुमः onion (green).
    -धर a.
    1 irresistible, difficult to be stopped.
    -2 difficult to be borne or suffered; दुर्धरेण मदनेन साद्यते Ghat.11; Ms.7.28.
    -3 difficult to be accomplished.
    -4 difficult to be kept in memory. (
    -रः) quicksilver.
    -धर्ष a.
    1 inviolable, unassailable.
    -2 inaccessible; संयोजयति विद्यैव नीचगापि नरं सरित् । समुद्रमिव दुर्धर्षं नृपं भाग्य- मतः परम् ॥ H. Pr.5.
    -3 fearful, dreadful.
    -4 haughty.
    -धी a. stupid, silly.
    -नयः 1 arrogance.
    -2 immorality.
    -3 evil strategy; उन्मूलयितुमीशो$हं त्रिवर्गमिव दुर्नयः Mu.5.22.
    -नामकः piles. ˚अरिः a kind of bulbous root (Mar. सुरण).
    -नामन् m. f. a cockle. (-n.) piles.
    -निग्रह a. irre- pressible, unruly; मनो दुर्निग्रहं चलम् Bg.6.35.
    -निमित a. carelessly put or placed on the ground; पदे पदे दुर्निमिते गलन्ती R.7.1.
    -निमित्तम् 1 a bad omen; R.14.5.
    -2 a bad pretext.
    -निवार, -निवार्य a. difficult to be check- ed or warded off, irresistible, invincible.
    -नीतम् 1 mis- conduct, bad policy, demerit, misbehaviour; दुर्णीतं किमि- हास्ति Pt.2.21; H.1.49.
    -2 ill-luck.
    -नीतिः f. mal- administration; दुर्नीतिं तव वीक्ष्य कोपदहनज्वालाजटालो$पि सन्; Bv.4.36.
    -नृपः a bad king; आसीत् पितृकुलं तस्य भक्ष्यं दुर्नृप- रक्षसः Rāj. T.5.417.
    -न्यस्त a. badly arranged; दुर्न्यस्त- पुष्परचितो$पि Māl.9.44.
    -बल a.
    1 weak, feeble.
    -2 enfeebled, spiritless; दुर्बलान्यङ्गकानि U.1.24.
    -3 thin, lean, emaciated; U.3.
    -4 small, scanty, little; स्वार्थोप- पत्तिं प्रति दुर्बलाशः R.5.12.
    -बाध a. Unrestrained (अनिवार); दुर्बाधो जनिदिवसान्मम प्रवृद्धः (आधिः); Mv.6.28.
    -बाल a.
    1 bald-headed.
    -2 void of prepuce.
    -3 having crook- ed hair.
    -बुद्धि a.
    1 silly, foolish, stupid.
    -2 perverse, evil-minded, wicked; धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः (समा- गताः) Bg.1.23
    -बुध a. wicked-minded, silly; Mb. 11.4.18.
    -बोध a. unintelligible, unfathomable, inscru- table; निसर्गदुर्बोधमबोधविक्लवाः क्व भूपतीनां चरितं क्व जन्तवः Ki. 1.6.
    -भग a.
    1 unfortunate, unlucky; श्रीवल्लभं दुर्भगाः (निन्दन्ति) Pt.1.415.
    -2 not possessed of good features, ill-looking.
    -भगा 1 a wife disliked by her husband; दुर्भगाभरणप्रायो ज्ञानं भारः क्रियां विना H.1.17.
    -2 an ill-tempered woman, a shrew.
    -3 a widow;
    -भर a. insupportable, burdensome, heavily laden with (comp.); ततो राजाब्रवीदेतं बहुव्यसनदुर्भरः Ks.112.156.
    -भाग्य a. unfortunate, unlucky. (
    ग्यम्) ill-luck.
    -भावना 1 an evil thought.
    -2 a bad tendency.
    -भिक्षम् 1 scarcity of provisions, dearth, famine; Y.2.147; Ms.8.22; उत्सवे व्यसने चैव दुर्भिक्षे... यस्तिष्ठति स बान्धवः H.1.71; Pt.2.
    -2 want in general.
    -भिद, -भेद, -भेद्य a. firm; सुजनस्तु कनकघटवद् दुर्भेद्यश्चाशु संध्येयः Subhāṣ.
    -भृत्यः a bad servant.
    -भिषज्यम् incurability; Bṛi. Up.4.3.14.
    -भ्रातृ m. a bad brother.
    -मङ्कु a. obstinate, disobedient.
    -मति a.
    1 silly, stupid, foolish, ignorant.
    -2 wicked, evilminded; न सांपरायिकं तस्य दुर्मतेर्विद्यते फलम् Ms.11.3.
    -मद a. drun- ken, ferocious, maddened, infatuated; Bhāg.1.15.7.
    -दः foolish pride, arrogance.
    -दम् the generative organ; ग्रामकं नाम विषयं दुर्मदेन समन्वितः Bhāg.4.25.52.
    -मनस् a. troubled in mind, discouraged, disspirited, sad, malancholy; अद्य बार्हस्पतः श्रीमान् युक्तः पुष्येण राघवः । प्रोच्यतै ब्राह्मणैः प्राज्ञैः केन त्वमसि दुर्मनाः ॥ Rām. [दुर्मनायते Den. Ā. to be troubled in mind, be sad, meditate sorrowfully, to be disconso- late, become vexed or fretted; Māl.3].
    -मनुष्यः a bad or wicked man.
    -मन्त्रः, -मन्त्रितम्, -मन्त्रणा evil advice, bad counsel; दुर्मन्त्रान्नृपतिर्विनश्यति; Pt.1.169.
    -मरम् a hard or difficult death; Mb.14.61.9.
    -मरी a kind of दूर्वा grass.
    -मरणम् violent or unnatural death.
    -मर्ष a.
    1 unbearable; Bhāg.6.5.42.
    -2 obstinate, hostile.
    -मर्षणः N. of Viṣṇu.
    -मर्षित a. provocated, encouraged; एवं दुर्मर्षितो राजा स मात्रा बभ्रुवाहनः Mb.14. 79.13,
    -मर्याद a. immodest, wicked.
    -मल्लिका, -मल्ली a minor drama, comedy, farce; S. D.553.
    -मित्रः 1 a bad friend.
    -2 an enemy.
    -मुख a.
    1 having a bad face, hideous, ugly; Bh.1.9.
    -2 foul-mouthed, abusive, scurrilous; Bh.2.69.
    (-खः) 1 a horse.
    -2 N. of Śiva.
    -3 N. of a serpent king (Nm.)
    -4 N. of a monkey (Nm.)
    -5 N. of a year (29th year out of 6 years cycle).
    -मूल्य a. highly priced, dear.
    -मेधस् a. silly, foolish, dull-headed, dull; Pt.1. (-m.) a dunce, dull-headed man, blockhead; ग्रन्थानधीत्य व्याकर्तु- मिति दुर्मेधसो$प्यलम् Śi.2.26.
    -मैत्र a. unfriendly, hostile; Bhāg.7.5.27.
    -यशस् n. ill-repute, dishonour.
    -योगः 1 bad or clumsy contrivance.
    -2 a bad combi- nation.
    -योध, -योधन a. invincible, unconquerable. (
    -नः) the eldest of the 11 sons of Dhṛitarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī. [From his early years he conceived a deep hatred for his cousins the Pāṇḍavas, but particularly Bhīma, and made every effort he could to compass their destruction. When his father pro- posed to make Yudhiṣṭhira heir-apparent, Duryodhana did not like the idea, as his father was the reigning sovereign, and prevailed upon his blind father to send the Pāṇḍavas away into exile. Vāraṇāvata was fixed upon as their abode, and under pretext of constructing a palatial building for their residence, Duryodhana caused a palace to be built mostly of lac, resin and other combustible materials, thereby hoping to see them all destroyed when they should enter it. But the Paṇḍavas were forewarned and they safely escaped. They then lived at Indraprastha, and Yudhiṣṭhira performed the Rājasuya sacrifice with great pomp and splendour. This event further excited the anger and jealousy of Duryodhana, who was already vexed to find that his plot for burning them up had signally failed, and he induced his father to invite the Pāṇḍavas to Hastināpura to play with dice (of which Yudhiṣṭhira was particularly fond). In that gambling-match, Duryodhana, who was ably assisted by his maternal uncle Śakuni, won from Yudhiṣṭhira everything that he staked, till the infatuated gambler staked himself, his brothers, and Draupadī herself, all of whom shared the same fate. Yudhiṣṭhira, as a condition of the wager, was forced to go to the forest with his wife and brothers, and to remain there for twelve years and to pass one addi- tional year incognito. But even this period, long as it was, expired, and after their return from exile both the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas made great preparations for the inevitable struggle and the great Bhāratī war commenced. It lasted for eighteen days during which all the Kauravas, with most of their allies, were slain. It was on the last day of the war that Bhīma fought a duel with Duryodhana and smashed his thigh with his club.] मोघं तवेदं भुवि नामधेयं दुर्योधनेतीह कृतं पुरस्तात् न हीह दुर्योधनता तवास्ति पलायमानस्य रणं विहाय Mb.4.65.17.
    -योनि a. of a low birth, न कथंचन दुर्योनिः प्रकृतिं स्वां नियच्छति Ms.1.59.
    -लक्ष्य a. difficult to be seen or perceived, hardly visible.
    -क्ष्यम् bad aim; मनः प्रकृत्यैव चलं दुर्लक्ष्यं च तथापि मे Ratn.3.2.
    -लभ a.
    1 difficult to be attained, or accomplished; R.1.67;17.7; Ku.4.4;5.46,61; दुर्लभं भारते जन्म मानुष्यं तत्र दुर्लभम् Subhāṣ.
    -2 difficult to be found or met with, scarce, rare; शुद्धान्तदुर्लभम् Ś.1.17.
    -3 best, excellent, eminent.
    -ग्रामः a village situated close to a large village and inhabited by the free-holders (अग्र- हारोपजीविनः); Māna.1.79-8.
    -4 dear, beloved.
    -5 costly.
    -ललित a.
    1 spoilt by fondling, fondled too much, hard to please; हा मदङ्कदुर्ललित Ve.4; V.2.8; Māl.9.
    -2 (hence) wayward, naughty, illbred, unruly; स्पृहयामि खलु दुर्ललितायास्मै Ś.7. (
    -तम्) waywardness, rudeness.
    -लेख्यम् a forged document. Y.2.91.
    -वच a.
    1 difficult to be described, indescribable. अपि वागधिपस्य दुर्वचं वचनं तद् विदधीत विस्मयम् Ki.2.2.
    -2 not to be talked about.
    -3 speaking improperly, abusing. (
    -चम्) abuse, censure, foul language.
    -वचस् n. abuse, censure; असह्यं दुर्वचो ज्ञातेर्मेघा- न्तरितरौद्रवत् Udb.
    -वर्ण a. bad-coloured.
    -र्णः 1 bad colour.
    -2 impurity; यथा हेम्नि स्थितो वह्निर्दुवर्णं हन्ति धातु- जम् Bhāg.12.3.47.
    (-र्णम्) 1 silver. दुर्वर्णभित्तिरिह सान्द्रसुधासुवर्णा Śi.4.28.
    -2 a kind of leprosy.
    -वस a. difficult to be resided in.
    -वसतिः f. painful residence; R.8.94.
    -वह a. heavy, difficult to be borne; दुर्वहगर्भखिन्नसीता U.2.1; Ku.1.11.
    -वाच् a. speaking ill. (-f.)
    1 evil words, abuse.
    -2 inelegant language or speech.
    -वाच्य a.
    1 difficult to be spoken or uttered.
    -2 abusive, scurrilous.
    -3 harsh, cruel (as words).
    (-च्यम्) 1 censure, abuse.
    -2 scandal, ill-repute.
    -वातः a fart. ˚वातय Den. P. to break wind or fart; इत्येके विहसन्त्येनमेके दुर्वातयन्ति च Bhāg.11.23.4.
    -वादः slander, defamation, calumny.
    -वार, -वारण a. irresistible, unbearable; R.14.87; किं चायमरिदुर्वारः पाणौ पाशः प्रचेतसः Ku.2.21.
    -वासना 1 evil propensity, wicked desire; कः शत्रुर्वद खेददानकुशलो दुर्वासनासंचयः Bv. 1.86.
    -2 a chimera.
    -वासस् a.
    1 ill-dressed.
    -2 naked. (-m.) N. of a very irascible saint or Ṛiṣi, son of Atri and Anasūyā. (He was very hard to please, and he cursed many a male and female to suffer misery and degradation. His anger, like that of Jama- dagni, has become almost proverbial.)
    -वाहितम् a heavy burden; उरोजपूर्णकुम्भाङ्का सदुर्वाहितविभ्रमा Rāj. T.4.18.
    -विगाह, -विगाह्य a. difficult to be penetrated or fathomed, unfathomable.
    -विचिन्त्य inconcei- vable, inscrutable
    -विद a. difficult to be known or discovered; नूनं गतिः कृतान्तस्य प्राज्ञैरपि सुदुर्विदा Mb.7.78. 2.
    -विदग्ध 1 unskilled, raw, foolish, stupid, silly.
    -2 wholly ignorant.
    -3 foolishly puffed up, elated. vainly proud; वृथाशस्त्रग्रहणदुर्विदग्ध Ve.3; ज्ञानलवदुर्विदग्धं ब्रह्मापि नरं न रञ्जयति Bh.2.3.
    -विद्ध a. Badly perforated (a pearl); Kau. A.2.11.
    -विद्य a. uneducated; Rāj. T.1.354.
    -विध a.
    1 mean, base, low.
    -2 wicked, vile.
    -3 poor, indigent; विदधाते रुचिगर्वदुर्विधम् N.2.23.
    -4 stupid, foolish, silly; विविनक्ति न बुद्धिदुर्विधः Śi.16.39.
    -विनयः misconduct, imprudence.
    -विनीत a.
    1 (a) badly educated, ill-mannered; ill-behaved, wicked; शासितरि दुर्विनीतानाम् Ś.1.24. (b) rude, naughty, mis- chievous.
    -2 stubborn, obstinate.
    (-तः) 1 a restive or untrained horse.
    -2 a wayward person, reprobate.
    -विपाक a. producing bad fruit; श्रितासि चन्दनभ्रान्त्या दुर्विपाकं विषद्रुमम् U.1.46.
    (-कः) 1 bad result or conse- quence; U.1.4; किं नो विधिरिह वचने$प्यक्षमो दुर्विपाकः Mv. 6.7.
    -2 evil consequences of acts done either in this or in a former birth.
    -विभाव्य a. inconceivable; also दुर्विभाव; असद्वृत्तेरहो वृत्तं दुर्विभावं विधेरिव Ki.11.56.
    -विमर्श a. difficult to be tried or examined; यो दुर्विमर्शपथया निजमाययेदं सृष्ट्वा गुणान्विभजते तदनुप्रविष्टः Bhāg.1.49.29.
    -विलसितम् a wayward act, rudeness, naughtiness; डिम्भस्य दुर्विलसितानि मुदे गुरूणाम् B. R.4.6.
    -विलासः a bad or evil turn of fate; U.1.
    -विवाहः a censurable marriage; इतरेषु तु शिष्टेषु नृशंसानृतवादिनः । जायन्ते दुर्विवाहेषु ब्रह्मधर्मद्विषः सुताः ॥ Ms.3.41.
    -विष a. ill-natured, malignant. (
    -षः) N. of Śiva.
    -विषह a. unbearable, intolerable, irresistible. (
    -हः) N. of Śiva.
    -वृत्त a.
    1 vile, wicked, ill-behaved.
    -2 roguish. (
    -त्तम्) misconduct, ill-behaviour. दुर्वृत्तवृत्तशमनं तव देवि शीलम् Devīmāhātmya.
    -वृत्तिः f.
    1 misconduct.
    -2 misery, want, distress.
    -3 fraud.
    -वृष्टिः f. insufficient rain, drought.
    -वेद a. difficult to be known or ascertained.
    -व्यवहारः a wrong judgment in law.
    -व्यवहृतिः f. ill-report or rumour.
    -व्यसनम् 1 a fond pursuit or resolve; Mu.3.
    -2 bad propensity, vice; तेन दुर्व्यसनेनासीद्भोजने$पि कदर्थना Ks.73.73.
    -व्रत a. not conforming to rules, disobedient.
    -हुतम् a badly offered sacrifice.
    -हृद् a. wicked-hearted, ill-disposed, inimical; अकुर्वतोर्वां शुश्रूषां क्लिष्टयोर्दुर्हृदा भृशम् Bhāg.1.45.9. (-m.) an enemy.
    -हृदय a. evil-minded, evil-intention- ed, wicked.
    -हृषीक a. having defective organs of sense.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > दुर् _dur

  • 63 ערב I

    עָרַבI (b. h.; cmp. אָרַב) (to insert, press into, interweave, 1) to mix, confuse. Yalk. Deut. 808 עָרְבוּ את העיסה (or עֵרְבוּ Pi.; not ערכו), v. עִיסָה. 2) to substitute, put in place of, to vouch for. Cant. R. to I, 4 אבותינו עוֹרְבִים אותנו let our ancestors be our surety (for our observance of the Law); Yalk. Cant. 982. Deut. R. s. 3 מבקשים אתם שנַעֲרוֹב אתכסוכ׳ do you want us to guarantee to you that, if you separate your tithes properly, the mice will not attack your grain any more? Ib. ע׳ אותן והלכו he did guarantee to them, and the mice went Tanḥ. Vayigg. 5 מפני מה לא עָרַבְתָּ אתוכ׳ why didst thou not pledge thyself for thy brother &c?; a. fr. Pi. עֵירֵב 1) to mix. Gitt.52b שמואל אמר מְעָרֵב Samuel explains ( המנסך ib. V, 4, v. נָסַךְ), he who mixes forbidden wine with his neighbors permitted wine. Koh. R. to IX, 13, a. e. המערב מים בייןוכ׳ who puts water into wine, v. גְּלַבְקְיָא. M. Kat. 8b אין מְעָרְבִין שמחה בשמחה you must not mix one rejoicing with another (e. g. celebrate a wedding during the Festive Week); Gen. R. s. 70. Y.Ber.II, 4d top; Y.Meg.I, 71c עי׳ את האותיות if one made the letters of a word of uneven sizes (so that they are not in a line). Gen. R. s. 15 שלא לעָרֵב את האותיות he said המוציא in order not to confound the letters (by saying העולם מוציא); Y.Ber.VI, 10a bot. ראשי אותיות; a. fr.Part. pass. מְעוּרָב; f. מְעוּרֶבֶת; pl. מְעוּרָבִים, מְעוּרָבִין; מְעוּרָבוֹת. Yalk. Deut. 808 וראה הפת מע׳ קיבר and saw that the bread was mixed with coarse flour. Erub.27a כשקרבי דגים מע׳ בהן when entrails of fish are mixed up with the brine; a. e.Lev. R. s. 20 (in Chald. dict.) מעורב, v. עַרְבֵּב. 2) (denom. of עֵירוּב 2) to lay an ʿErub, to create a symbolical community of residence or continuity of action. Erub.III, 1 מערבין לנזיר ביין you may use wine for an ʿErub for the benefit of a Nazarite. Ib. 84b; 87b עד שיְעָרְבוּ until they connect them symbolically by an ʿErub; a. v. fr.Part. pass. as ab. Sabb.XVI, 3 חצר המע׳ a court which has been made available for Sabbath movements by means of an ʿErub; a. e. 3) to pledge. Part. pass. as ab. Esth. R. to I, 1 (ref. to בני התערבות, 2 Chr. 25:24) שהיו מְעוּרָבוֹתֵיהֶן של אבותיהן they were the hostages for their fathers. Hithpa. הִתְעָרֵב, Nithpa. נִתְעָרֵב to be mixed. Ḥull.VI, 5 דםשנ׳ במים if blood (which requires covering up, v. כִּיסּוּי) has been mixed with water. Tosef.Ter.V, 15 פרוסות … שנִתְעָרְבוּוכ׳ if pieces of show-bread have become mixed up with a hundred times as many pieces of secular bread; Yeb.81b פרוסה … שנִתְעָרְבָהוכ׳; Y.Orl.II, 61d bot. Cant. R. to I, 3 מה השמן הזה אין מִתְעָרֵב … אין מִתְעָרְבִיםוכ׳ as oil cannot be mixed with other liquids, so Israel should not be mixed with the nations of the world; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > ערב I

  • 64 עָרַב

    עָרַבI (b. h.; cmp. אָרַב) (to insert, press into, interweave, 1) to mix, confuse. Yalk. Deut. 808 עָרְבוּ את העיסה (or עֵרְבוּ Pi.; not ערכו), v. עִיסָה. 2) to substitute, put in place of, to vouch for. Cant. R. to I, 4 אבותינו עוֹרְבִים אותנו let our ancestors be our surety (for our observance of the Law); Yalk. Cant. 982. Deut. R. s. 3 מבקשים אתם שנַעֲרוֹב אתכסוכ׳ do you want us to guarantee to you that, if you separate your tithes properly, the mice will not attack your grain any more? Ib. ע׳ אותן והלכו he did guarantee to them, and the mice went Tanḥ. Vayigg. 5 מפני מה לא עָרַבְתָּ אתוכ׳ why didst thou not pledge thyself for thy brother &c?; a. fr. Pi. עֵירֵב 1) to mix. Gitt.52b שמואל אמר מְעָרֵב Samuel explains ( המנסך ib. V, 4, v. נָסַךְ), he who mixes forbidden wine with his neighbors permitted wine. Koh. R. to IX, 13, a. e. המערב מים בייןוכ׳ who puts water into wine, v. גְּלַבְקְיָא. M. Kat. 8b אין מְעָרְבִין שמחה בשמחה you must not mix one rejoicing with another (e. g. celebrate a wedding during the Festive Week); Gen. R. s. 70. Y.Ber.II, 4d top; Y.Meg.I, 71c עי׳ את האותיות if one made the letters of a word of uneven sizes (so that they are not in a line). Gen. R. s. 15 שלא לעָרֵב את האותיות he said המוציא in order not to confound the letters (by saying העולם מוציא); Y.Ber.VI, 10a bot. ראשי אותיות; a. fr.Part. pass. מְעוּרָב; f. מְעוּרֶבֶת; pl. מְעוּרָבִים, מְעוּרָבִין; מְעוּרָבוֹת. Yalk. Deut. 808 וראה הפת מע׳ קיבר and saw that the bread was mixed with coarse flour. Erub.27a כשקרבי דגים מע׳ בהן when entrails of fish are mixed up with the brine; a. e.Lev. R. s. 20 (in Chald. dict.) מעורב, v. עַרְבֵּב. 2) (denom. of עֵירוּב 2) to lay an ʿErub, to create a symbolical community of residence or continuity of action. Erub.III, 1 מערבין לנזיר ביין you may use wine for an ʿErub for the benefit of a Nazarite. Ib. 84b; 87b עד שיְעָרְבוּ until they connect them symbolically by an ʿErub; a. v. fr.Part. pass. as ab. Sabb.XVI, 3 חצר המע׳ a court which has been made available for Sabbath movements by means of an ʿErub; a. e. 3) to pledge. Part. pass. as ab. Esth. R. to I, 1 (ref. to בני התערבות, 2 Chr. 25:24) שהיו מְעוּרָבוֹתֵיהֶן של אבותיהן they were the hostages for their fathers. Hithpa. הִתְעָרֵב, Nithpa. נִתְעָרֵב to be mixed. Ḥull.VI, 5 דםשנ׳ במים if blood (which requires covering up, v. כִּיסּוּי) has been mixed with water. Tosef.Ter.V, 15 פרוסות … שנִתְעָרְבוּוכ׳ if pieces of show-bread have become mixed up with a hundred times as many pieces of secular bread; Yeb.81b פרוסה … שנִתְעָרְבָהוכ׳; Y.Orl.II, 61d bot. Cant. R. to I, 3 מה השמן הזה אין מִתְעָרֵב … אין מִתְעָרְבִיםוכ׳ as oil cannot be mixed with other liquids, so Israel should not be mixed with the nations of the world; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > עָרַב

  • 65 AT

    I) prep.
    A. with dative.
    I. Of motion;
    1) towards, against;
    Otkell laut at Skamkatli, bowed down to S.;
    hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge against A.;
    Brynjólfr gengr alit at honum, quite up to him;
    þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters with him;
    3) to, at;
    koma at landi, to come to land;
    ganga at dómi, to go into court;
    4) along (= eptir);
    ganga at stræti, to walk along the street;
    dreki er niðr fór at ánni (went down the river) fyrir strauminum;
    refr dró hörpu at ísi, on the ice;
    5) denoting hostility;
    renna (sœkja) at e-m, to rush at, assault;
    gerði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog;
    6) around;
    vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a veil round one’s head;
    bera grjót at e-m, to heap stones upon the body;
    7) denoting business, engagement;
    ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after horses, watching sheep;
    fara at landskuldum, to go collecting rents.
    II. Of position, &c.;
    1) denoting presence at, near, by, upon;
    at kirkju, at church;
    at dómi, in court;
    at lögbergi, at the hill of laws;
    2) denoting participation in;
    vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, wedding;
    3) ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at;
    kvalararnir, er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him;
    var þar at kona nökkur at binda (was there busy dressing) sár manna;
    4) with proper names of places (farms);
    konungr at Danmörku ok Noregi, king of;
    biskup at Hólum, bishop of Holar;
    at Helgafelli, at Bergþórshváli;
    5) used ellipt. with a genitive, at (a person’s) house;
    at hans (at his house) gisti fjölmenni mikit;
    at Marðar, at Mara’s home;
    at hins beilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church;
    at Ránar, at Ran’s (abode).
    III. Of time;
    1) at, in;
    at upphafi, at first, in the beginning;
    at skilnaði, at parting, when they parted;
    at páskum, at Easter;
    at kveldi, at eventide;
    at fjöru, at the ebb;
    at flœðum, at the floodtide;
    2) adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr’;
    at ári komanda, next year;
    at vári, er kemr, next spring;
    generally with ‘komanda’ understood;
    at sumri, hausti, vetri, vári, next summer, &c.;
    3) used with an absolute dative and present or past part.;
    at sér lifanda, duing his lifetime;
    at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all;
    at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the hearing of the chief;
    at upprennandi sólu, at sunrise;
    at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks are past;
    at honum önduðum, after his death;
    4) denoting uninterrupted succession, after;
    hverr at öðrum, annarr at öðrum, one after another;
    skildu menn at þessu, thereupon, after this;
    at því (thereafter) kómu aðrar meyjar.
    IV. fig. and in various uses;
    1) to, into, with the notion of destruction or change;
    brenna (borgina) at ösku, to burn to ashes;
    verða at ormi, to become a snake;
    2) for, as;
    gefa e-t at gjöf, as a present;
    eiga e-n at vin, to have one as friend;
    3) by;
    taka sverð at hjöltum, by the hilt;
    draga út björninn at hlustunum, by the ears;
    kjósa at afli, álitum, by strength, appearrance;
    auðigr at fé, wealthy in goods;
    vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face;
    5) as a law term, on the grounds of, by reason of;
    ryðja ( to challenge) dóm at mægðum, kvið at frændsemi;
    6) as a paraphrase of a genitive;
    faðir, móðir at barni (= barns, of a child);
    aðili at sök = aðili sakar;
    7) with adjectives denoting colour, size, age, of;
    hvítr, svartr, rauðr at lit, while, black, red of colour;
    mikill, lítill at stœrð, vexti, tall, small of stature;
    tvítugr at aldri, twenty years of age;
    kýr at fyrsta, öðrum kálfi, a cow that has calved once, twice;
    8) determining the source from which anything comes, of, from;
    Ari nam ok marga frœði at Þuríði (from her);
    þiggja, kaupa, geta, leigja e-t at e-m, to receive, buy, obtain, borrow a thing from one;
    hafa veg (virðing) styrk at e-m, to derive honour, power, from one;
    9) according, to, after (heygðr at fornum sið);
    at ráði allra vitrustu manna, by the advice of;
    at landslögum, by the law of the land;
    at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave;
    10) in adverbial phrases;
    gróa (vera grœddr) at heilu, to be quite healed;
    bíta af allt gras at snøggu, quite bare;
    at fullu, fully;
    at vísu, surely;
    at frjálsu, freely;
    at eilífu, for ever and ever;
    at röngu, at réttu, wrongly, rightly;
    at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same;
    at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent.
    B. with acc., after, upon (= eptir);
    sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, to take the inheritance after his father;
    at þat (= eptir þat), after that, thereafter;
    connected with a past part. or a., at Gamla fallinn, after the fall of Gamli;
    at Hrungni dauðan, upon the death of Hrungnir.
    1) as the simple mark of the infinitive, to;
    at ganga, at ríða, at hlaupa, to walk, to ride, to run;
    2) in an objective sense;
    hann bauð þeim at fara, sitja, he bade (ordered) them to go, sit;
    gefa e-m at eta, at drekka, to give one to eat, to drink;
    3) denoting design or purpose, in order to (hann gekk í borg at kaupa silfr).
    1) demonstrative particle before a comparative, the, all the, so much the;
    hón grét at meir, she wept the more;
    þykkir oss at líkara, all the more likely;
    þú ert maðr at verri (so much the worse), er þú hefir þetta mælt;
    2) rel. pron., who, which, that (= er);
    þeir allir, at þau tíðindi heyrðu, all those who heard;
    sem þeim er títt, at ( as is the custom of those who) kaupferðir reka.
    conj., that;
    1) introducing a subjective or objective clause;
    þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, it happened once that H.;
    vilda ek, at þú réðist austr í fjörðu, I should like you to go;
    2) relative to svá, denoting proportion, degree;
    svá mikill lagamaðr, at, so great a lawyer, that;
    3) with subj., denoting end or purpose, in order that (skáru þeir fyrir þá (viz. hestana) melinn, at þeir dœi eigi af sulti);
    4) since, because, as (= því at);
    5) connected with þó, því, svá;
    þó at (with subj.), though, although;
    því at, because, for;
    svá at, so that;
    6) temp., þá at (= þá er), when;
    þegar at (= þegar er), as soon as;
    þar til at (= þar til er), until, till;
    áðr at (= á. en), before;
    7) used superfluously after an int. pron. or adv.;
    Ólafr spurði, hvern styrk at hann mundi fá honum, what help he was likely to give him;
    in a relative sense; með fullkomnum ávexti, hverr at (which) þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða.
    V)
    negative verbal suffix, = ata; var-at, was not.
    odda at, Yggs at, battle.
    * * *
    1.
    and að, prep., often used ellipt. dropping the case and even merely as an adverb, [Lat. ad; Ulf. at = πρός and παρά, A. S. ät; Engl. at; Hel. ad = apud; O. H. G. az; lost in mod. Germ., and rare in Swed. and Dan.; in more freq. use in Engl. than any other kindred language, Icel. only excepted]:—the mod. pronunciation and spelling is að (aþ); this form is very old, and is found in Icel. vellum MSS. of the 12th century, e. g. aþ, 623. 60; yet in earlier times it was sounded with a tenuis, as we may infer from rhymes, e. g. jöfurr hyggi at | hve ek yrkja fat, Egill: Sighvat also makes it rhyme with a t. The verse by Thorodd—þar vastu at er fjáðr klæðið þvat (Skálda 162)—is hardly intelligible unless we accept the spelling with an aspirate (að), and say that þvað is = þvá = þváði, lavabat; it may be that by the time of Thorodd and Ari the pure old pronunciation was lost, or is ‘þvat’ simply the A. S. þvât, secuit? The Icelanders still, however, keep the tenuis in compounds before a vowel, or before h, v, or the liquids l, r, thus—atyrða, atorka, athöfn, athugi, athvarf, athlægi; atvinna, atvik; atlaga, atlíðanði ( slope), atriði, atreið, atróðr: but aðdjúpr, aðfinsla (critic), aðferð, aðkoma, aðsókn, aðsúgr (crowding), aðgæzla. In some words the pronunciation is irregular, e. g. atkvæði not aðkv-; atburðr, but aðbúnaðr; aðhjúkran not athjúkran; atgörvi not aðgörfi. At, to, towards; into; against; along, by; in regard to; after.
    Mostly with dat.; rarely with acc.; and sometimes ellipt.—by dropping the words ‘home,’ ‘house,’ or the like—with gen.
    WITH DAT.
    A. LOC.
    I. WITH MOTION; gener. the motion to the borders, limits of an object, and thus opp. to frá:
    1. towards, against, with or without the notion of arrival, esp. connected with verbs denoting motion (verba movendi et eundi), e. g. fara, ganga, koma, lúta, snúa, rétta at…; Otkell laut at Skamkatli, O. louted (i. e. bowed down) towards S., Nj. 77, Fms. xi. 102; sendimaðrinn sneri ( turned) hjöltum sverðsins at konungi, towards the king, i. 15; hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge towards A., Nj. 220; rétta e-t at e-m, to reach, hand over, Ld. 132; ganga at, to step towards, Ísl. ii. 259.
    2. denoting proximity, close up to, up to; Brynjólfr gengr … allt at honum, B. goes quite up to him, Nj. 58; Gunnarr kom þangat at þeim örunum, G. reached them even there with his arrows, 115; þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters, id.; reið maðr at þeim (up to them), 274; þeir höfðu rakit sporin allt at ( right up to) gammanum, Fms. i. 9; komu þeir at sjó fram, came down to the sea, Bárð. 180.
    3. without reference to the space traversed, to or at; koma at landi, to land, Ld. 38, Fms. viii. 358; ríða at dyrum, Boll. 344; hlaupa at e-m, to run up to, run at, Fms. vii. 218, viii. 358; af sjáfarganginum er hann gekk at landinu, of the surf dashing against the shore, xi. 6; vísa ólmum hundi at manni, to set a fierce hound at a man, Grág. ii. 118; leggja e-n at velli, to lay low, Eg. 426, Nj. 117; hníga at jörðu, at grasi, at moldu, to bite the dust, to die, Njarð. 378; ganga at dómi, a law term, to go into court, of a plaintiff, defendant, or bystander, Nj. 87 (freq.)
    4. denoting a motion along, into, upon; ganga at stræti, to walk along the street, Korm. 228, Fms. vii. 39; at ísi, on the ice, Skálda 198, Fms. vii. 19, 246, viii. 168, Eb. 112 new Ed. (á is perh. wrong); máttu menn ganga bar yfir at skipum einum, of ships alone used as a bridge, Fas. i. 378; at höfðum, at nám, to trample on the slain on the battle-field, Lex. Poët.; at ám, along the rivers; at merkiósum, at the river’s mouth, Grág. ii. 355; at endilöngu baki, all along its back, Sks. 100.
    5. denoting hostility, to rush at, assault; renna at, hlaupa at, ganga, fara, ríða, sækja, at e-m, (v. those words), whence the nouns atrenna, athlaup, atgangr, atför, atreið, atsókn, etc.
    β. metaph., kom at þeim svefnhöfgi, deep sleep fell on them, Nj. 104. Esp. of weather, in the impers. phrase, hríð, veðr, vind, storm görir at e-m, to be overtaken by a snow storm, gale, or the like; görði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog, Bárð. 171.
    6. denoting around, of clothing or the like; bregða skikkju at höfði sér, to wrap his cloak over his head, Ld. 62; vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a snood round her head, 188; sauma at, to stick, cling close, as though sewn on; sauma at höndum sér, of tight gloves, Bs. i. 453; kyrtill svá þröngr sem saumaðr væri at honum, as though it were stitched to him, Nj. 214; vafit at vándum dreglum, tight laced with sorry tags, id.; hosa strengd fast at beini, of tight hose, Eg. 602; hann sveipar at sér iðrunum ok skyrtunni, he gathers up the entrails close to him and the skirt too, Gísl. 71; laz at síðu, a lace on the side, to keep the clothes tight, Eg. 602.
    β. of burying; bera grjót at einum, to heap stones upon the body, Eg. 719; var gör at þeim dys or grjóti, Ld. 152; gora kistu at líki, to make a coffin for a body, Eb. 264, Landn. 56, Ld. 142.
    γ. of summoning troops or followers; stefna at sér mönnum, to summon men to him, Nj. 104; stefna at sér liði, Eg. 270; kippa mönnum at sér, to gather men in haste, Ld. 64.
    7. denoting a business, engagement; ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after after horses, watching sheep, Glúm. 362, Nj. 75; fara at fé, to go to seek for sheep, Ld. 240; fara at heyi, to go a-haymaking, Dropl. 10; at veiðum, a-hunting; at fuglum, a-fowling; at dýrum, a-sbooting; at fiski, a-fishing; at veiðiskap, Landn. 154, Orkn. 416 (in a verse), Nj. 25; fara at landskuldum, to go a-collecling rents, Eg. 516; at Finnkaupum, a-marketing with Finns, 41; at féföngum, a-plundering, Fms. vii. 78; ganga at beina, to wait on guests, Nj. 50; starfa at matseld, to serve at table, Eb. 266; hitta e-n at nauðsynjum, on matters of business; at máli, to speak with one, etc., Fms. xi. 101; rekast at e-m, to pursue one, ix. 404; ganga at liði sér, to go suing for help, Grág. ii. 384.
    β. of festivals; snúa, fá at blóti, veizlu, brullaupi, to prepare for a sacrificial banquet, wedding, or the like, hence at-fangadagr, Eb. 6, Ld. 70; koma at hendi, to happen, befall; ganga at sínu, to come by one’s own, to take it, Ld. 208; Egill drakk hvert full er at honum kom, drained every horn that came to him, Eg. 210; komast at keyptu, to purchase dearly, Húv. 46.
    8. denoting imaginary motion, esp. of places, cp. Lat. spectare, vergere ad…, to look or lie towards; horfði botninn at höfðanum, the bight of the bay looked toward the headland, Fms. i. 340, Landn. 35; also, skeiðgata liggr at læknum, leads to the brook, Ísl. ii. 339; á þann arminn er vissi at sjánum, on that wing which looked toward the sea, Fms. viii. 115; sár þau er horft höfðu at Knúti konungi, xi. 309.
    β. even connected with verbs denoting motion; Gilsáreyrr gengr austan at Fljótinu, G. extends, projects to F. from the east, Hrafh. 25; hjá sundi því, er at gengr þingstöðinni, Fms. xi. 85.
    II. WITHOUT MOTION; denoting presence at, near, by, at the side of, in, upon; connected with verbs like sitja, standa, vera…; at kirkju, at church, Fms. vii. 251, K. f). K. 16, Ld. 328, Ísl. ii. 270, Sks. 36; vera at skála, at húsi, to be in, at home, Landn. 154; at landi, Fms. i. 82; at skipi, on shipboard, Grág. i. 209, 215; at oldri, at a banquet, inter pocula; at áti, at dinner, at a feast, inter edendum, ii. 169, 170; at samförum ok samvistum, at public meetings, id.; at dómi, in a court; standa (to take one’s stand) norðan, sunnan, austan, vestan at dómi, freq. in the proceedings at trials in lawsuits, Nj.; at þingi, present at the parliament, Grág. i. 142; at lögbergi, o n the hill of laws, 17, Nj.; at baki e-m, at the back of.
    2. denoting presence, partaking in; sitja at mat, to sit at meat, Fms. i. 241; vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, nuptials, Nj. 51, Ld. 70: a law term, vera at vígi, to be an accessory in manslaying, Nj. 89, 100; vera at e-u simply means to be about, be busy in, Fms. iv. 237; standa at máli, to stand by one in a case, Grág. ii. 165, Nj. 214; vera at fóstri, to be fostered, Fms. i. 2; sitja at hégóma, to listen to nonsense, Ld. 322; vera at smíð, to be at one’s work, Þórð. 62: now absol., vera at, to go on with, be busy at.
    3. the law term vinna eið at e-u has a double meaning:
    α. vinna eið at bók, at baugi, to make an oath upon the book by laying the band upon it, Landn. 258, Grág., Nj.; cp. Vkv. 31, Gkv. 3. 3, Hkv. 2. 29, etc.: ‘við’ is now used in this sense.
    β. to confirm a fact (or the like) by an oath, to swear to, Grág. i. 9, 327.
    γ. the law phrase, nefna vátta at e-u, of summoning witnesses to a deed, fact, or the like; nefna vátta at benjum, to produce evidence, witnesses as to the wounds, Nj., Grág.; at görð, Eg. 738; at svörum, Grág. i. 19: this summoning of witnesses served in old lawsuits the same purpose as modern pleadings and depositions; every step in a suit to be lawful must be followed by such a summoning or declaration.
    4. used ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at; kvalararnir er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him; þar varstu at, you were there present, Skálda 162; at várum þar, Gísl. (in a verse): as a law term ‘vera at’ means to be guilty, Glúm. 388; vartattu at þar, Eg. (in a verse); hence the ambiguity of Glum’s oath, vask at þar, I was there present: var þar at kona nokkur ( was there busy) at binda sár manna, Fms. v. 91; hann var at ok smíðaði skot, Rd. 313; voru Varbelgir at ( about) at taka af, þau lög …, Fms. ix. 512; ek var at ok vafk, I was about weaving, xi. 49; þeir höfðu verit at þrjú sumur, they had been busy at it for three summers, x. 186 (now very freq.); koma at, come in, to arrive unexpectedly; Gunnarr kom at í því, G. came in at that moment; hvaðan komtú nú at, whence did you come? Nj. 68, Fms. iii. 200.
    5. denoting the kingdom or residence of a king or princely person; konungr at Danmörk ok Noregi, king of…, Fms. i. 119, xi. 281; konungr, jarl, at öllum Noregi, king, earl, over all N., íb. 3, 13, Landn. 25; konungr at Dyflinni, king of Dublin, 25; but í or yfir England!, Eg. 263: cp. the phrase, sitja at landi, to reside, of a king when at home, Hkr. i. 34; at Joini, Fms. xi. 74: used of a bishop; biskup at Hólum, bishop of Hólar, Íb. 18, 19; but biskup í Skálaholti, 19: at Rómi, at Rome, Fbr. 198.
    6. in denoting a man’s abode (vide p. 5, col. 1, l. 27), the prep. ‘at’ is used where the local name implies the notion of by the side of, and is therefore esp. applied to words denoting a river, brook, rock, mountain, grove, or the like, and in some other instances, by, at, e. g. at Hofi (a temple), Landn. 198; at Borg ( a castle), 57; at Helgafelli (a mountain), Eb. constantly so; at Mosfelli, Landn. 190; at Hálsi (a hill), Fms. xi. 22; at Bjargi, Grett. 90; Hálsum, Landn. 143; at Á ( river), 296, 268; at Bægisá, 212; Giljá, 332; Myrká, 211; Vatnsá, id.; þverá, Glúm. 323; at Fossi (a ‘force’ or waterfall), Landn. 73; at Lækjamoti (waters-meeting), 332; at Hlíðarenda ( end of the lithe or hill), at Bergþórshváli, Nj.; at Lundi (a grove), at Melum (sandhill), Landn. 70: the prep. ‘á’ is now used in most of these cases, e. g. á Á, á Hofi, Helgafelli, Felli, Hálsi, etc.
    β. particularly, and without any regard to etymology, used of the abode of kings or princes, to reside at; at Uppsölum, at Haugi, Alreksstöðum, at Hlöðum, Landn., Fms.
    γ. konungr lét kalla at stofudyrum, the king made a call at the hall door, Eg. 88; þeir kölluðu at herberginu, they called at the inn, Fms. ix. 475.
    7. used ellipt. with a gen., esp. if connected with such words as gista, to be a guest, lodge, dine, sup (of festivals or the like) at one’s home; at Marðar, Nj. 4; at hans, 74; þingfesti at þess bóanda, Grág. i. 152; at sín, at one’s own home, Eg. 371, K. Þ. K. 62; hafa náttstað at Freyju, at the abode of goddess Freyja, Eg. 603; at Ránar, at Ran’s, i. e. at Ran’s house, of drowned men who belong to the queen of the sea, Ran, Eb. 274; at hins heilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church, Fms. vi. 63: cp. ad Veneris, εις Κίμωνος.
    B. TEMP.
    I. at, denoting a point or period of time; at upphafi, at first, in the beginning, Ld. 104; at lyktum, at síðustu, at lokum, at last; at lesti, at last, Lex. Poët., more freq. á lesti; at skilnaði, at parting, at last, Band. 3; at fornu, in times of yore, formerly, Eg. 267, D. I. i. 635; at sinni, as yet, at present; at nýju, anew, of present time; at eilífu, for ever and ever; at skömmu, soon, shortly, Ísl. ii. 272, v. l.
    II. of the very moment when anything happens, the beginning of a term; denoting the seasons of the year, months, weeks, the hours of the day; at Jólum, at Yule, Nj. 46; at Pálmadegi, on Palm Sunday, 273; at Páskum, at Easter; at Ólafsvöku, on St. Olave’s eve, 29th of July, Fms.; at vetri, at the beginning of the winter, on the day when winter sets in, Grág. 1. 151; at sumarmálum, at vetrnáttum; at Tvímánaði, when the Double month (August) begins, Ld. 256, Grág. i. 152; at kveldi, at eventide, Eg. 3; at því meli, at that time; at eindaga, at the term, 395; at eykð, at 4 o’clock p. m., 198; at öndverðri æfi Abra hams, Ver. II; at sinni, now at once, Fms. vi. 71; at öðruhverju, every now and then.
    β. where the point of time is marked by some event; at þingi, at the meeting of parliament (18th to the 24th of June), Ld. 182; at féránsdómi, at the court of execution, Grág. i. 132, 133; at þinglausnum, at the close of the parliament (beginning of July), 140; at festarmálum, eðr at eiginorði, at betrothal or nuptials, 174; at skilnaði, when they parted, Nj. 106 (above); at öllum minnum, at the general drinking of the toasts, Eg. 253; at fjöru, at the ebb; at flæðum, at flood tide, Fms. viii. 306, Orkn. 428; at hrörum, at an inquest, Grág. i. 50 (cp. ii. 141, 389); at sökum, at prosecutions, 30; at sinni, now, as yet, v. that word.
    III. ellipt., or adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr,’ of the future time:
    1. ellipt., komanda or the like being understood, with reference to the seasons of the year; at sumri, at vetri, at hausti, at vári, next summer, winter…, Ísl. ii. 242; at miðju sumri, at ári, at Midsummer, next year, Fas. i. 516; at miðjum vetri, Fms. iv. 237,
    2. adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr;’ at ári komanda, Bárð. 177; at vári er kemr, Dipl. iii. 6.
    IV. used with an absolute dat. and with a pres. part.:
    1. with pres. part.; at morni komanda, on the coming morrow, Fms. i. 263; at sér lifanda, in vivo, in his life time, Grág. ii. 202; at þeim sofundum, illis dormientibus, Hkr. i. 234; at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all, Fms. x. 329; at úvitanda konungi, illo nesciente, without his knowledge, 227; at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the chief’s bearing, 235.
    2. of past time with a past part. (Lat. abl. absol.); at hræjum fundnum, on the bodies being found, Grág. ii. 87; at háðum dómum ok föstu þingi, during the session, the courts being set, i. 484; at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks past, Band. 13; at svá búnu, so goru, svá komnu, svá mæltu (Lat. quibus rebus gestis, dictis, quo facto, dicto, etc.), v. those words; at úreyndu, without trial, without put ting one to the test, Ld. 76; at honum önduðum, illo mortuo.
    3. ellipt. without ‘at;’ en þessum hlutum fram komnum, when all this has been done, Eb. 132.
    V. in some phrases with a slight temp, notion; at görðum gildum, the fences being strong, Gþl. 387; at vörmu spori, at once, whilst the trail is warm; at úvörum, unawares, suddenly, Nj. 95, Ld. 132; at þessu, at this cost, on that condition, Eb. 38, Nj. 55; at illum leiki, to have a narrow escape, now við illan leik, Fms. ix. 473; at því, that granted, Grág. ii. 33: at því, at pessu, thereafter, thereupon, Nj. 76.
    2. denoting succession, without interruption, one after another; hverr at öðrum, annarr maðr at öðrum, aðrir at öðrum; eina konu at annarri, Eg. 91, Fms. ii. 236, vi. 25, Bs. i. 22, 625. 80, H. E. i. 522.
    C. METAPH. and in various cases:
    I. denoting a transformation or change into, to, with the notion of destruction; brenna at ösku, at köldum kolum, to burn to ashes, to be quite destroyed, Fms. i. 105, Edda 3, Sturl. ii. 51: with the notion of transformation or transfiguration, in such phrases as, verða at e-u, göra e-t at e-u, to turn it into:
    α. by a spell; verða at ormi, to become a snake, Fms. xi. 158; at flugdrekum, Gullþ. 7; urðu þau bönd at járni, Edda 40.
    β. by a natural process it can often be translated by an acc. or by as; göra e-n at urðarmanni, to make him an outlaw, Eg. 728; græða e-n at orkumlamanni, to heal him so as to maim him for life, of bad treatment by a leech, Eb. 244: in the law terms, sár görist at ben, a wound turning into a ben, proving to be mortal, Grág., Nj.; verða at ljúgvætti, to prove to be a false evidence, Grág. i. 44; verða at sætt, to turn into reconciliation, Fms. i. 13; göra e-t at reiði málum, to take offence at, Fs. 20; at nýjum tíðindum, to tell as news, Nj. 14; verða fátt at orðum, to be sparing of words, 18; kveðr (svá) at orði, to speak, utter, 10; verða at þrifnaði, to geton well, Fms. vii. 196: at liði, at skaða, to be a help or hurt to one; at bana, to cause one’s death, Nj. 223, Eg. 21, Grág. ii. 29: at undrum, at hlátri, to become a wonder, a laughing-stock, 623. 35, Eg. 553.
    II. denoting capacity, where it may be translated merely by as or for; gefa at Jólagjöf, to give for a Christmas-box, Eg. 516; at gjöf, for a present; at erfð, at láni, launum, as an inheritance, a loan; at kaupum ok sökum, for buying and selling, Ísl. ii. 223, Grág. i. 423; at solum, ii. 204; at herfangi, as spoil or plunder; at sakbótum, at niðgjöldum, as a compensation, weregeld, i. 339, ii. 171, Hkr. ii. 168; taka at gíslingu, to take as an hostage, Edda 15; eiga e-n at vin, at óvin, to have one as friend or foe, illt er at eiga þræl at eingavin, ‘tis ill to have a thrall for one’s bosom friend (a proverb), Nj. 77; fæða, eiga, at sonum (syni), to beget a son, Edda 8, Bs. i. 60 (but eiga at dóttur cannot be said); hafa möttul at yfirhöfn, Fms. vii. 201; verða nökkut at manni (mönnum), to turn out to be a worthy man; verða ekki at manni, to turn out a worthless person, xi. 79, 268.
    2. in such phrases as, verða at orðum, to come towards, Nj. 26; var þat at erindum, Eg. 148; hafa at veizlum, to draw veizlur ( dues) from, Fms. iv. 275, Eg. 647; gora e-t at álitum, to take it into consideration, Nj. 3.
    III. denoting belonging to, fitting, of parts of the whole or the like; vóru at honum (viz. the sword) hjölt gullbúin, the sword was ornamented with a hilt of gold, Ld. 330; umgörð at ( belonging to) sverði, Fs. 97 (Hs.) in a verse; en ef mór er eigi at landinu, if there be no turf moor belonging to the land, Grág. ii. 338; svá at eigi brotnaði nokkuð at Orminum, so that no harm happened to the ship Worm, Fms. x. 356; hvatki er meiðir at skipinu eðr at reiðinu eðr at viðum, damage done t o …, Grág. ii. 403; lesta ( to injure) hús at lásum, við eðr torfi, 110; ef land hefir batnað at húsum, if the land has been bettered as to its buildings, 210; cp. the phrase, göra at e-u, to repair: hamlaðr at höndum eðr fótum, maimed as to hands or feet, Eg. 14; heill at höndum en hrumr at fótum, sound in band, palsied in foot, Fms. vii. 12; lykill at skrá, a key belonging, fitting, to the latch; hurð at húsi; a key ‘gengr at’ ( fits) skrá; and many other phrases. 2. denoting the part by which a thing is held or to which it belongs, by; fá, taka at…, to grasp by …; þú tókt við sverði hans at hjöltunum, you took it by the bill, Fms. i. 15; draga út björninn at hlustum, to pull out the bear by the ears, Fas. ii. 237; at fótum, by the feet, Fms. viii. 363; mæla ( to measure) at hrygg ok at jaðri, by the edge or middle of the stuff, Grág. i. 498; kasta e-m at höfði, head foremost, Nj. 84; kjósa e-n at fótum, by the feet alone, Edda 46; hefja frændsemi at bræðrum, eða at systkynum, to reckon kinship by the brother’s or the sister’s side, Grág. i. 28; kjósa at afli, at álitum, by strength, sight, Gs. 8, belongs rather to the following.
    IV. in respect of, as regards, in regard to, as to; auðigr at fé, wealthy of goods, Nj. 16, 30, 51; beztir hestar at reið, the best racehorses, 186; spekingr at viti, a man of great intellect, Ld. 124; vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face, Nj. 30, Bs. i. 61; kvenna vænst at ásjónu ok vits munum, of surpassing beauty and intellect, Ld. 122; fullkominn at hyggju, 18; um fram aðra menn at vinsældum ok harðfengi, of surpassing popularity and hardihood, Eb. 30.
    2. a law term, of challenging jurors, judges, or the like, on account of, by reason of; ryðja ( to challenge) at mægðum, guðsifjum, frændsemi, hrörum …; at leiðarlengd, on account of distance, Grág. i. 30, 50, Nj. (freq.)
    3. in arithm. denoting proportion; at helmingi, þriðjungi, fjórðungi, tíunda hluta, cp. Lat. ex asse, quadrante, for the half, third… part; máttr skal at magni (a proverb), might and main go together, Hkr. ii. 236; þú munt vera at því mikill fræðimaðr á kvæði, in the same proportion, as great, Fms. vi. 391, iii. 41; at e-s hluta, at… leiti, for one’s part, in turn, as far as one is con cerned, Grág. i. 322, Eg. 309, Fms. iii. 26 (freq.): at öðrum kosti, in the other case, otherwise (freq.) More gener., at öllu, öngu, in all (no) respects; at sumu, einhverju, nokkru, partly; at flestu, mestu, chiefly.
    4. as a paraphrase of a genitive; faðir, móðir at barni (= barns); aðili at sök (= sakar a.); morðingi at barni (= barns), faðerni at barni (barns); illvirki at fé manna (cp. Lat. felo de se), niðrfall at sökum (saka), land gangr at fiskum (fiska), Fms. iv. 274, Grág. i. 277, 416, N. G. L. i. 340, K. Þ. K. 112, Nj. 21.
    5. the phrase ‘at sér,’ of himself or in himself, either ellipt. or by adding the participle görr, and with the adverbs vel, ilia, or the like; denoting breeding, bearing, endowments, character …; væn kona, kurteis ok vel at sér, an accomplished, well-bred, gifted lady, Nj. I; vitr maðr ok vel at sér, a wise man and thoroughly good in feeling and bearing, 5; þú ert maðr vaskr ok vel at þér, 49; gerr at sér, accomplished, 51; bezt at sér görr, the finest, best bred man, 39, Ld. 124; en þó er hann svá vel at sér, so generous, Nj. 77; þeir höfðingjar er svá vóru vel at sér, so noble-minded, 198, Fms. i. 160: the phrase ‘at sér’ is now only used of knowledge, thus maðr vel að sér means clever, a man of great knowledge; illa að sér, a blockhead.
    6. denoting relations to colour, size, value, age, and the like; hvitr, svartr, grár, rauðr … at lit, white, swarthy, gray, red … of colour, Bjarn. 55, 28, Ísl. ii. 213, etc.; mikill, lítill, at stærð, vexti, tall, small of size, etc.; ungr, gamall, barn, at aldri, young, old, a child of age; tvítugr, þrítugr … at aldri, twenty, thirty … years of age (freq.): of animals; kyr at fyrsta, öðrum … kálfi, a cow having calved once, twice…, Jb. 346: value, amount, currency of money, kaupa e-t at mörk, at a mark, N. G. L. 1. 352; ok er eyririnn at mörk, amounts to a mark, of the value of money, Grág. i. 392; verðr þá at hálfri murk vaðmála eyrir, amounts to a half a mark, 500.
    β. metaph. of value, connected with verbs denoting to esteem, hold; meta, hafa, halda at miklu, litlu, vettugi, engu, or the like, to hold in high or low esteem, to care or not to care for (freq.): geta e-s at góðu, illu, öngu, to mention one favourably, unfavourably, indifferently … (freq.), prop. in connection with. In many cases it may be translated by in; ekki er mark at draumum, there is no meaning in dreams, no heed is to be paid to dreams, Sturl. ii. 217; bragð er at þá barnið finnr, it goes too far, when even a child takes offence (a proverb): hvat er at því, what does it mean? Nj. 11; hvert þat skip er vöxtr er at, any ship of mark, i. e. however small, Fms. xi. 20.
    V. denoting the source of a thing:
    1. source of infor mation, to learn, perceive, get information from; Ari nam ok marga fræði at Þuríði, learnt as her pupil, at her hands, as St. Paul at the feet of Gamaliel, (just as the Scotch say to speer or ask at a person); Ari nam at Þorgeiri afraðskoll, Hkr. (pref.); nema kunnáttu at e-m, used of a pupil, Fms. i. 8; nema fræði at e-m, xi. 396.
    2. of receiving, acquiring, buying, from; þiggja e-t at e-m, to receive a thing at his hands, Nj. 51; líf, to be pardoned, Fms. x. 173; kaupa land at e-m, to buy it from, Landn. 72, Íb. II, (now af is more freq. in this sense); geta e-t at e-m, to obtain, procure at one’s hands, impetrare; þeirra manna er þeir megu þat geta at, who are willing to do that, Grág. i. I; heimta e-t at e-m (now af), to call in, demand (a debt, money), 279; fala e-t at e-m (now af), to chaffer for or cheapen anything, Nj. 73; sækja e-t at e-m, to ask, seek for; sækja heilræði ok traust at e-m, 98; leiga e-t at e-m (now af), to borrow, Grág. ii. 334; eiga e-t (fé, skuld) at e-m, to be owed money by any one, i. 399: metaph. to deserve of one, Nj. 113; eiga mikit at e-m, to have much to do with, 138; hafa veg, virðing, styrk, at, to derive honour, power from, Fms. vi. 71, Eg. 44, Bárð. 174; gagn, to be of use, Ld. 216; mein, tálma, mischief, disadvantage, 158, 216, cp. Eg. 546; ótta, awe, Nj. 68.
    VI. denoting conformity, according to, Lat. secundum, ex, after; at fornum sið, Fms. i. 112; at sögn Ara prests, as Ari relates, on his authority, 55; at ráði allra vitrustu manna, at the advice of, Ísl. ii. 259, Ld. 62; at lögum, at landslögum, by the law of the land, Grág., Nj.; at líkindum, in all likelihood, Ld. 272; at sköpum, in due course (poet.); at hinum sama hætti, in the very same manner, Grág. i. 90; at vánum, as was to be expected, Nj. 255; at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave, Eg. 35; úlofi, Grág. ii. 215; at ósk, vilja e-s, as one likes…; at mun, id. (poet.); at sólu, happily (following the course of the sun), Bs. i. 70, 137; at því sem …, as to infer from …, Nj. 124: ‘fara, láta, ganga at’ denotes to yield, agree to, to comply with, give in, Ld. 168, Eg. 18, Fms. x. 368.
    VII. in phrases nearly or quite adverbial; gróa, vera græddr, at heilu, to be quite healed, Bárð. 167, Eb. 148; bíta at snöggu, to bite it bare, Fms. xi. 6; at þurru, till it becomes dry, Eb. 276; at endilöngu, all along, Fas. ii; vinnast at litlu, to avail little, 655 x. 14; at fullu, fully, Nj. 257, Hkr. i. 171; at vísu, of a surety, surely, Ld. 40; at frjálsu, freely, 308; at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same, Hom. 80, Nj. 267; at röngu, wrongly, 686 B. 2; at hófi, temperately, Lex. Poët.; at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent; at hringum, utterly, all round, (rare), Fms. x. 389; at einu, yet, Orkn. 358; svá at einu, því at einu, allt at einu, yet, however, nevertheless.
    VIII. connected with comparatives of adverbs and adjectives, and strengthening the sense, as in Engl. ‘the,’ so much the more, all the more; ‘at’ heldr tveimr, at ek munda gjarna veita yðr öllum, where it may be translated by so much the more to two, as I would willingly grant it to all of you; hon grét at meir, she grat (wept) the more, Eg. 483; þykir oss at líkara, all the more likely, Fms. viii. 6; þess at harðari, all the harder, Sturl. iii. 202 C; svá at hinn sé bana at nær, Grág. ii. 117; at auðnara, at hólpnara, the more happy, Al. 19, Grett. 116 B; þess at meiri, Fms. v. 64; auvirðismaðr at meiri, Sturl. ii. 139; maðr at vaskari, id.; at feigri, any the more fey, Km. 22; maðr at verri, all the worse, Nj. 168; ok er ‘at’ firr…, at ek vil miklu heldr, cp. Lat. tantum abest… ut, Eg. 60.
    β. following after a negation; eigi at síðr, no less, Nj. 160, Ld. 146; eigi… at meiri maðr, any better, Eg. 425, 489; erat héra at borgnara, any the better off for that, Fms. vii. 116; eigi at minni, no less for that, Edda (pref.) 146; eigi at minna, Ld. 216, Fms. ix. 50; ekki at verri drengr, not a bit worse for that, Ld. 42; er mér ekki son minn at bættari, þótt…, 216; at eigi vissi at nær, any more, Fas. iii. 74.
    IX. following many words:
    1. verbs, esp. those denoting, a. to ask, enquire, attend, seek, e. g. spyrja at, to speer (ask) for; leita at, to seek for; gæta, geyma at, to pay attention to; huga, hyggja at; hence atspurn, to enquire, aðgæzla, athugi, attention, etc.
    β. verbs denoting laughter, play, joy, game, cp. the Engl. to play at …, to laugh at …; hlæja, brosa at e-u, to laugh, smile at it; leika (sér) at e-u, to play at; þykja gaman at, to enjoy; hæða, göra gys at …, to make sport at …
    γ. verbs denoting assistance, help; standa, veita, vinna, hjálpa at; hence atstoð, atvinna, atverk:—mode, proceeding; fara at, to proceed, hence atför and atferli:—compliance; láta, fara at e-u, v. above:— fault; e-t er at e-u, there is some fault in it, Fms. x. 418; skorta at e-u, to fall short of, xi. 98:—care, attendance; hjúkra at, hlýja at, v. these words:—gathering, collecting; draga, reiða, flytja, fá at, congerere:—engagement, arrival, etc.; sækja at, to attack; ganga at, vera at, to be about; koma at, ellipt. to arrive: göra at, to repair: lesta at, to impair (v. above); finna at, to criticise (mod.); telja at, id.: bera at, to happen; kveða at e-m, to address one, 625. 15, (kveða at (ellipt.) now means to pronounce, and of a child to utter (read) whole syllables); falla at, of the flood-tide (ellipt.): metaph. of pains or straits surrounding one; þreyngja, herða at, to press hard: of frost and cold, with regard to the seasons; frjósa at, kólna at, to get really cold (SI. 44), as it were from the cold stiffening all things: also of the seasons themselves; hausta, vetra að, when the season really sets in; esp. the cold seasons, ‘sumra at’ cannot be used, yet we may say ‘vára að’ when the spring sets in, and the air gets mild.
    δ. in numberless other cases which may partly be seen below.
    2. connected ellipt. with adverbs denoting motion from a place; norðan, austan, sunnan, vestan at, those from the north, east…; utan at, innan at, from the outside or inside.
    3. with adjectives (but rarely), e. g. kærr, elskr, virkr (affectionate), vandr (zealous), at e-m; v. these words.
    WITH ACC.
    TEMP.: Lat. post, after, upon, esp. freq. in poetry, but rare in prose writers, who use eptir; nema reisi niðr at nið (= maðr eptir mann), in succession, of erecting a monument, Hm. 71; in prose, at þat. posthac, deinde, Fms. x. 323, cp. Rm., where it occurs several times, 2, 6, 9, 14, 18, 24, 28, 30, 35; sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, has to take the inheritance after his father, Grág. i. 170 new Ed.; eiga féránsdóm at e-n, Grág. i. 89; at Gamla fallinn, after the death of G., Fms. x. 382; in Edda (Gl.) 113 ought to be restored, grét ok at Oð, gulli Freyja, she grat (wept) tears of gold for her lost husband Od. It is doubtful if it is ever used in a purely loc. sense; at land, Grág. (Sb.)ii. 211, is probably corrupt; at hönd = á hönd, Grág. (Sb.) i. 135; at mót = at móti, v. this word.
    ☞ In compounds (v. below) at- or að- answers in turn to Lat. ad- or in- or con-; atdráttr e. g. denotes collecting; atkoma is adventus: it may also answer to Lat. ob-, in atburðr = accidence, but might also be compared with Lat. occurrere.
    2.
    and að, the mark of the infinitive [cp. Goth. du; A. S. and Engl. to; Germ. zu]. Except in the case of a few verbs ‘at’ is always placed immediately before the infinitive, so as to be almost an inseparable part of the verb.
    I. it is used either,
    1. as, a simple mark of the infinitive, only denoting an action and independent of the subject, e. g. at ganga, at hlaupa, at vita, to go, to run, to know; or,
    2. in an objective sense when following such verbs as bjóða segja…, to invite, command …; hann bauð þeim at ganga, at sitja, be bade, ordered them to go, sit, or the like; or as gefa and fá; gefa e-m at drekka, at eta, to give one to drink or to eat, etc. etc.
    β. with the additional notion of intention, esp. when following verba cogitandi; hann ætlaði, hafði í hyggju at fara, he had it in his mind to go (where ‘to go’ is the real object to ætlaði and hafði í hyggju).
    3. answering to the Gr. ινα, denoting intention, design, in order to; hann gékk í borg at kaupa silfr, in order to buy, Nj. 280; hann sendi riddara sína með þeim at varðveita þær, 623. 45: in order to make the phrase more plain, ‘svá’ and ‘til’ are frequently added, esp. in mod. writers, ‘svá at’ and contr. ‘svát’ (the last however is rare), ‘til at’ and ‘til þess at,’ etc.
    II. in the earlier times the infin., as in Greek and Lat., had no such mark; and some verbs remain that cannot be followed by ‘at;’ these verbs are almost the same in Icel. as in Engl.:
    α. the auxiliary verbs vil, mun ( μέλλω), skal; as in Engl. to is never used after the auxiliaries shall, will, must; ek vil ganga, I will go; ek mun fara, (as in North. E.) I mun go; ek skal göra þat, I shall do that, etc.
    β. the verbs kunna, mega, as in Engl. I can or may do, I dare say; svá hygginn at hann kunni fyrir sökum ráða, Grág. ii. 75; í öllu er prýða má góðan höfðingja, Nj. 90; vera má, it may be; vera kann þat, id.: kunnu, however, takes ‘at’ whenever it means to know, and esp. in common language in phrases such as, það kann að vera, but vera kann þat, v. above.
    γ. lata, biðja, as in Engl. to let, to bid; hann lét (bað) þá fara, he let (bade) them go.
    δ. þykkja, þykjast, to seem; hann þykir vera, he is thought to be: reflex., hann þykist vera, sibi videtur: impers., mér þykir vera, mibi videtur, in all cases without ‘at.’ So also freq. the verbs hugsa, hyggja, ætla, halda, to think, when denoting merely the act of thinking; but if there be any notion of intention or purpose, they assume the ‘at;’ thus hann ætlaði, hugði, þá vera góða menn, he thought them to be, acc. c. inf.; but ætlaði at fara, meant to go, etc.
    ε. the verbs denoting to see, bear; sjá, líta, horfa á … ( videre); heyra, audire, as in Engl. I saw them come, I heard him tell, ek sá þá koma, ek heyrði hann tala.
    ζ. sometimes after the verbs eiga and ganga; hann gékk steikja, be went to roast, Vkv. 9; eiga, esp. when a mere periphrasis instead of skal, móður sína á maðr fyrst fram færa (better at færa), Grág. i. 232; á þann kvið einskis meta, 59; but at meta, id. l. 24; ráða, nema, göra …, freq. in poetry, when they are used as simple auxiliary verbs, e. g. nam hann sér Högna hvetja at rúnum, Skv. 3. 43.
    η. hljóta and verða, when used in the sense of must (as in Engl. he must go), and when placed after the infin.of another verb; hér muntu vera hljóta, Nj. 129; but hljóta at vera: fara hlýtr þú, Fms. 1. 159; but þú hlýtr at fara: verða vita, ii. 146; but verða at vita: hann man verða sækja, þó verðr (= skal) maðr eptir mann lifa, Fms. viii. 19, Fas. ii. 552, are exceptional cases.
    θ. in poetry, verbs with the verbal neg. suffix ‘-at,’ freq. for the case of euphony, take no mark of the infinitive, where it would be indispensable with the simple verb, vide Lex. Poët. Exceptional cases; hvárt sem hann vill ‘at’ verja þá sök, eða, whatever he chooses, either, Grág. i. 64; fyrr viljum vér enga kórónu at bera, en nokkut ófrelsi á oss at taka, we would rather bear no crown than …, Fms. x. 12; the context is peculiar, and the ‘at’ purposely added. It may be left out ellipt.; e. g. þá er guð gefr oss finnast (= at finnast), Dipl. ii. 14; gef honum drekka (= at drekka), Pr. 470; but mostly in unclassical writers, in deeds, or the like, written nastily and in an abrupt style.
    3.
    and að, conj. [Goth. þatei = οτι; A. S. þät; Engl. that; Germ, dass; the Ormul. and Scot. at, see the quotations sub voce in Jamieson; in all South-Teutonic idioms with an initial dental: the Scandinavian idioms form an exception, having all dropped this consonant; Swed. åt, Dan. at]. In Icel. the Bible translation (of the 16th century) was chiefly based upon that of Luther; the hymns and the great bulk of theol. translations of that time were also derived from Germany; therefore the germanised form það frequently appears in the Bible, and was often employed by theol. authors in sermons since the time of the Reformation. Jón Vidalin, the greatest modern Icel. preacher, who died in 1720, in spite of his thoroughly classical style, abounds in the use of this form; but it never took root in the language, and has never passed into the spoken dialect. After a relative or demonstr. pronoun, it freq. in mod. writers assumes the form eð, hver eð, hverir eð, hvað eð, þar eð. Before the prep. þú (tu), þ changes into t, and is spelt in a single word attú, which is freq. in some MS.;—now, however, pronounced aððú, aððeir, aððið …, = að þú…, with the soft Engl. th sound. It gener. answers to Lat. ut, or to the relat. pron. qui.
    I. that, relative to svá, to denote proportion, degree, so…, that, Lat. tam, tantus, tot…, ut; svá mikill lagamaðr, at…, so great a lawyer, that…, Nj. 1; hárið svá mikit, at þat…, 2; svá kom um síðir því máli, at Sigvaldi, it came so far, that…, Fms. xi. 95, Edda 33. Rarely and unclass., ellipt. without svá; Bæringr var til seinn eptir honum, at hann … (= svá at), Bær. 15; hlífði honum, at hann sakaði ekki, Fas. iii. 441.
    II. it is used,
    1. with indic, in a narrative sense, answering partly to Gr. οτι, Lat. quod, ut, in such phrases as, it came to pass, happened that …; þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, Nj. 2; þat var á palmdrottinsdag, at Ólafr konungr gékk út um stræti, Fms. ii. 244.
    2. with subj. answering to Lat. acc. with infin., to mark the relation of an object to the chief verb, e. g. vilda ek at þú réðist, I wished that you would, Nj. 57.
    β. or in an oblique sentence, answering to ita ut…; ef svá kann verða at þeir láti…, if it may be so that they might…, Fms. xi. 94.
    γ. with a subj. denoting design, answering to ϊνα or Lat. ut with subj., in order that; at öll veraldar bygðin viti, ut sciat totus orbis, Stj.; þeir skáru fyrir þá melinn, at þeir dæi eigi af sulti, ut ne fame perirent, Nj. 265; fyrsti hlutr bókarinnar er Kristindómsbálkr, at menn skili, in order that men may understand, Gþl. p. viii.
    III. used in connection with conjunctions,
    1. esp. þó, því, svá; þó at freq. contr. þótt; svát is rare and obsolete.
    α. þóat, þótt (North. E. ‘thof’), followed by a subjunctive, though, although, Lat. etsi, quamquam (very freq.); þóat nokkurum mönnum sýnist þetta með freku sett… þá viljum vér, Fms. vi. 21: phrases as, gef þú mér þó at úverðugri, etsi indignae (dat.), Stj. MS. col. 315, are unclass., and influenced by the Latin: sometimes ellipt. without ‘þó,’ eigi mundi hón þá meir hvata göngu sinni, at (= þóat) hon hraeddist bana sinn, Edda 7, Nj. 64: ‘þó’ and ‘at’ separated, svarar hann þó rétt, at hann svari svá, Grág. i. 23; þó er rétt at nýta, at hann sé fyrr skorinn, answering to Engl. yet—though, Lat. attamen —etsi, K. Þ. K.
    β. því at, because, Lat. nam, quia, with indic.; því at allir vóru gerfiligir synir hans, Ld. 68; því at af íþróttum verðr maðr fróðr, Sks. 16: separated, því þegi ek, at ek undrumst, Fms. iii. 201; því er þessa getið, at þat þótti, it i s mentioned because …, Ld. 68.
    γ. svá at, so that, Lat. ut, ita ut; grátrinn kom upp, svá at eingi mátti öðrum segja, Edda 37: separated, so … that, svá úsvúst at …, so bad weather, that, Bs. i. 339, etc.
    2. it is freq. used superfluously, esp. after relatives; hver at = hverr, quis; því at = því, igitur; hverr at þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða, Fms. v. 159; hvern stvrk at hann mundi fá, 44; ek undrumst hvé mikil ógnarraust at liggr í þér, iii. 201; því at ek mátti eigi þar vera elligar, því at þar var kristni vel haldin, Fas. i. 340.
    IV. as a relat. conj.:
    1. temp, when, Lat. quum; jafnan er ( est) mér þá verra er ( quum) ek fer á braut þaðan, en þá at ( quum) ek kem, Grett. 150 A; þar til at vér vitum, till we know, Fms. v. 52; þá at ek lýsta (= þá er), when, Nj. 233.
    2. since, because; ek færi yðr (hann), at þér eruð í einum hrepp allir, because of your being all of the same Rape, Grág. i. 260; eigi er kynlegt at ( though) Skarphéðinn sé hraustr, at þat er mælt at…, because (since) it is a saying that…, Nj. 64.
    V. in mod. writers it is also freq. superfluously joined to the conjunctions, ef að = ef, si, (Lv. 45 is from a paper MS.), meðan að = meðan, dum; nema að, nisi; fyrst að = fyrst, quoniam; eptir að, síðan að, postquam; hvárt að = hvárt, Lat. an. In the law we find passages such as, þá er um er dæmt eina sök, at þá eigu þeir aptr at ganga í dóminn, Grág. i. 79; ef þing ber á hina helgu viku, at þat á eigi fyrir þeim málum at standa, 106; þat er ok, at þeir skulu reifa mál manna, 64; at þeir skulu með váttorð þá sök sækja, 65: in all these cases ‘at’ is either superfluous or, which is more likely, of an ellipt. nature, ‘the law decrees’ or ‘it is decreed’ being understood. The passages Sks. 551, 552, 568, 718 B, at lokit (= at ek hefi lokit), at hugleitt (= at ek hefi h.), at sent (= at ek hefi sent) are quite exceptional.
    4.
    and að, an indecl. relat. pronoun [Ulf. þatei = ος, ος αν, οστις, οσπερ, οιος, etc.; Engl. that, Ormul. at], with the initial letter dropped, as in the conj. at, (cp. also the Old Engl. at, which is both a conj. and a pronoun, e. g. Barbour vi. 24 in Jamieson: ‘I drede that his gret wassalage, | And his travail may bring till end, | That at men quhilc full litil wend.’ | ‘His mestyr speryt quhat tithings a t he saw.’—Wyntoun v. 3. 89.) In Icel. ‘er’ (the relat. pronoun) and ‘at’ are used indifferently, so that where one MS. reads ‘er,’ another reads ‘at,’ and vice versâ; this may easily be seen by looking at the MSS.; yet as a rule ‘er’ is much more freq. used. In mod. writers ‘at’ is freq. turned into ‘eð,’ esp. as a superfluous particle after the relative pron. hverr (hver eð, hvað eð, hverir eð, etc.), or the demonstr. sá (sá eð, þeir eð, hinir eð, etc.):—who, which, that, enn bezta grip at ( which) hafði til Íslands komið, Ld. 202; en engi mun sá at ( cui) minnisamara mun vera, 242; sem blótnaut at ( quae) stærst verða, Fms. iii. 214; þau tiðendi, at mér þætti verri, Nj. 64, etc. etc.
    5.
    n. collision (poët.); odda at, crossing of spears, crash of spears, Höfuðl. 8.
    β. a fight or bait of wild animals, esp. of horses, v. hesta-at and etja.
    6.
    the negative verbal suffix, v. -a.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > AT

  • 66 Gehen

    ge·hen
    1. ge·hen <ging, gegangen> [ʼge:ən]
    vi sein
    [irgendwohin] \Gehen to go [somewhere]; ( zu Fuß) to walk [somewhere];
    geh schon! go on!;
    \Gehen wir! let's go!;
    \Gehen wir oder fahren wir mit dem Auto? shall we walk or drive?;
    ich gehe raus, frische Luft schnappen I'm going out for some fresh air;
    gehst du heute in die Stadt/ auf die Post/zur Bank? are you going to town/to the post office/to the bank today?;
    wann geht er nach Paris/ins Ausland? when is he going to Paris/abroad?;
    in Urlaub \Gehen to go on holiday [or (Am) vacation];
    auf die andere Straßenseite \Gehen to cross over to the other side of the street;
    ich gehe eben mal schnell auf den Dachboden I'm just going up to the loft quickly;
    [im Zimmer] auf und ab \Gehen to walk up and down [or pace] [the room];
    in/ an etw akk \Gehen to go into/to sth;
    ans Telefon \Gehen to answer the telephone;
    über etw akk \Gehen to go over [or cross] sth;
    zu jdm/etw \Gehen to go to sb/sth;
    wie lange geht man bis zur Haltestelle/zur Post? how far is it to the bus stop/post office?;
    kannst du für mich noch zum Metzger/Bäcker \Gehen? can/could you go to the butcher['s]/baker['s] for me?; s. a. Stelzen, Stock, weit
    2) ( besuchen)
    zu jdm \Gehen to go and visit [or see] sb;
    in etw akk \Gehen to go to sth;
    ins Theater/ in die Kirche/ Messe/Schule \Gehen to go to the theatre/to church/mass/school;
    zu etw dat \Gehen to go to sth;
    zu einem Vortrag/ zu einer Messe/zur Schule \Gehen to go to a lecture/to a [trade] fair/to school;
    an etw akk \Gehen to go to sth;
    an die Uni \Gehen to go to university;
    auf etw akk \Gehen to go to sth;
    aufs Gymnasium/auf einen Lehrgang \Gehen to go to [a] grammar school/on a course;
    etw tun \Gehen to go to do sth;
    schwimmen/ tanzen/ einkaufen/schlafen \Gehen to go swimming/dancing/shopping/to bed
    in etw akk \Gehen to go into [or enter] sth;
    in die Industrie/ Politik/Computerbranche \Gehen to go into industry/politics/computers;
    in die Partei/Gewerkschaft \Gehen to join the party/union;
    zu etw dat \Gehen to join sth;
    zum Film/ Radio/ Theater/zur Oper \Gehen to go into films/radio/on the stage/become an opera singer;
    an etw akk \Gehen to join sth;
    ans Gymnasium/an die Uni \Gehen to join the grammar school/university [as a teacher/lecturer]
    4) ( weggehen) to go;
    (abfahren a.) to leave;
    ich muss jetzt \Gehen I have to be off [or must go];
    wann geht der Zug nach Hamburg? when does the train to Hamburg leave?;
    heute geht leider keine Fähre mehr there are no more ferries today, I'm afraid;
    jdn \Gehen lassen ( davongehen lassen) to let sb go;
    (euph: gestorben sein) to have departed from us ( euph) s. a. Licht, Weg
    5) ( blicken)
    auf etw akk / nach etw akk \Gehen to look onto/towards sth;
    die Fenster \Gehen auf das Meer/ den Strand the windows look [out] onto the sea/beach;
    der Balkon ging nach Süden/ auf einen Parkplatz the balcony faced south/overlooked a car park
    6) ( führen)
    irgendwohin \Gehen to go somewhere;
    die Brücke geht über den Fluss the bridge crosses the river;
    ist das die Straße, die nach Oberstdorf geht? is that the road [or way] to Oberstdorf?;
    wohin geht dieser Weg/Geheimgang? where does this path/secret passage go [or lead [to]] ?;
    die Tür geht direkt auf unseren Parkplatz the door leads [or opens] directly onto our parking space;
    von... bis/ über etw akk \Gehen to go from... to/via somewhere;
    die nach Biberach \Gehende Reise the trip to Biberach;
    dieser Rundweg geht über die Höhen des Schwarzwaldes this circular walk takes in the highest points [or peaks] of the Black Forest
    [zu jdm] \Gehen to leave [for sb], to go [to sb];
    er ist zu Klett gegangen he left to go to Klett;
    gegangen werden ( hum) ( fam) to be given the push [or ( fam) the sack];
    8) ( funktionieren) to work;
    meine Uhr geht nicht mehr my watch has stopped
    9) ( sich bewegen) to move;
    ich hörte, wie die Tür ging I heard the door [go];
    diese Schublade geht schwer this drawer is stiff;
    vielleicht geht das Schloss wieder, wenn man es ölt perhaps the lock will work again if you oil it
    [irgendwie] \Gehen to go [somehow];
    wie ist die Prüfung gegangen? how was the exam [or did the exam go] ?;
    zurzeit geht alles drunter und drüber things are a bit chaotic right now;
    versuch's einfach, es geht ganz leicht just try it, it's really easy;
    kannst du mir bitte erklären, wie das Spiel geht? can you please explain the rules of the game to me?;
    wie soll das denn bloß \Gehen? just how is that supposed to work?
    11) ökon ( laufen) to go;
    das Geschäft geht vor Weihnachten immer gut business is always good before Christmas;
    wie \Gehen die Geschäfte? how's business?;
    ( sich verkaufen) to sell;
    diese teuren Zigarren \Gehen gut/ nicht gut these expensive cigars sell/don't sell well;
    diese Pralinen \Gehen bei uns so schnell weg, wie sie reinkommen we sell these chocolates as soon as they come in
    [irgendwie] vor sich \Gehen to go on [or happen] [in a certain way];
    erkläre mir mal, wie das vor sich \Gehen soll now just tell me how that's going to happen [or how it's going to work];
    das kann auf verschiedene Arten vor sich \Gehen it can proceed in a variety of ways;
    kannst du mir mal erklären, wie das vor sich geht, wenn man die deutsche Staatsbürgerschaft annehmen will? can you explain the procedure for taking up German citizenship to me?;
    was geht hier vor sich? ( fam) what's going on here?
    in etw akk / durch etw akk \Gehen to go into/through sth;
    es \Gehen über 450 Besucher in das neue Theater the new theatre holds over 450 people;
    wie viele Leute \Gehen in deinen Wagen? how many people [can] fit in[to] your car?; s. a. Kopf
    14) ( dauern) to go on;
    eine bestimmte Zeit \Gehen to last a certain time;
    dieser Film geht drei Stunden this film goes on for [or lasts] three hours;
    der Film geht schon über eine Stunde the film has been on for over an hour already [or started over an hour ago];
    15) ( reichen) to go;
    [jdm] bis zu etw dat \Gehen to reach [sb's] sth;
    das Wasser geht einem bis zur Hüfte the water comes up to one's hips;
    der Rock geht ihr bis zum Knie the skirt goes down to her knee;
    in etw akk \Gehen to run into sth;
    in die Hunderte [o hunderte] / Tausende [o tausende] \Gehen to run into [the] hundreds/thousands
    16) kochk Teig to rise
    in etw dat \Gehen to wear sth;
    als etw \Gehen to go as sth;
    mit/ohne etw \Gehen to go with/without sth;
    bei dem Nieselregen würde ich nicht ohne Schirm \Gehen I wouldn't go out in this drizzle without an umbrella;
    sie geht auch im Winter nur mit einer dunklen Brille she wears dark glasses even in winter;
    ich gehe besser nicht in Jeans dorthin I'd better not go there in jeans
    18) ( ertönen) to ring
    [bei jdm] \Gehen to be all right [or ( fam) OK] [with sb];
    haben Sie am nächsten Mittwoch Zeit? - nein, das geht [bei mir] nicht are you free next Wednesday? - no, that's no good [for me] [or I can't manage that];
    das geht doch nicht! that's not on!;
    ich muss mal telefonieren - geht das? I have to make a phone call - would that be alright?;
    ( hoffnungslos sein) there's nothing more to be done
    20) ( lauten) to go;
    weißt du noch, wie das Lied ging? can you remember how the song went [or the words of the song] ?;
    wie geht nochmal der Spruch? what's that saying again?, how does the saying go?
    an etw akk \Gehen to touch sth;
    um ihre Schulden zu bezahlen, musste sie an ihr Erspartes \Gehen she had to raid her savings to pay off her debts;
    wer ist dieses Mal an meinen Computer gegangen? who's been messing around with my computer this time?
    an jdn \Gehen to go to sb;
    das Erbe/ der Punkt ging an sie the inheritance/point went to her;
    der Vorsitz ging turnusmäßig an H. Lantermann H. Lantermann became chairman in rotation
    [jdm] an etw akk \Gehen to damage [sb's] sth;
    das geht [mir] ganz schön an die Nerven that really gets on my nerves;
    das geht an die Kraft [o Substanz] that takes it out of you
    24) (fam: angreifen)
    auf etw akk \Gehen to attack sth;
    das Rauchen geht auf die Lunge smoking affects the lungs;
    das Klettern geht ganz schön auf die Pumpe climbing really puts a strain on the old ticker
    an jdn \Gehen to be addressed to sb;
    gegen jdn/etw \Gehen to be directed against sb/sth;
    das geht nicht gegen Sie, aber die Vorschriften! this isn't aimed at you, it's just the rules!;
    das geht gegen meine Prinzipien/ Überzeugung that is [or goes] against my principles/convictions
    mit jdm \Gehen to go out with sb
    nach etw dat \Gehen to go by sth;
    der Richter ging in seinem Urteil nach der bisherigen Unbescholtenheit des Angeklagten on passing sentence the judge took into account the defendant's lack of previous convictions;
    nach dem, was er sagt, kann man nicht \Gehen you can't go by what he says
    zu weit \Gehen to go too far, to overstep the line;
    das geht zu weit! that's just too much!
    über jds Geduld \Gehen to exhaust sb's patience;
    über jds Kräfte/Möglichkeiten \Gehen to be too much for [or beyond] sb;
    das geht einfach über meine finanziellen Möglichkeiten I just don't have the finances for that;
    30) (hum: werden zu)
    unter die Politiker/ Künstler/Säufer \Gehen to join the ranks of politicians/artists/alcoholics
    31) (fam: akzeptabel sein) to be OK;
    er geht gerade noch, aber seine Frau ist furchtbar he's just about OK [or tolerable] but his wife is awful;
    wie ist das Hotel? - es geht [so] how's the hotel? - it's ok;
    ist das zu klein? - nein, das geht [so] is it too small? - no, it's ok like this
    auf die... \Gehen + Zahl to be approaching...;
    er geht auf die dreißig he's approaching [or coming up for] thirty
    WENDUNGEN:
    wo jd geht und steht ( fam) wherever [or no matter where] sb goes [or is];
    in sich akk \Gehen to turn one's gaze inward, to take stock of oneself;
    Mensch, geh in dich! for heaven's sake, think again!;
    \Gehen Sie [mir] mit... ( fam) spare [me]...;
    \Gehen Sie [mir] doch mit Ihren Ausreden! spare me your excuses, please!;
    jdm °über alles \Gehen to mean more to sb than anything else;
    das Kind geht mir über alles! that child means the whole world to me!;
    es geht nichts °über jdn/ etw nothing beats sb/sth, there's nothing better than [or to beat]; [or like] sb/sth;
    [ach] geh,...! ( fam) [oh] come on,...!;
    ach geh, das kann doch nicht dein Ernst sein! oh come on, you can't be serious!;
    geh, so was kannst du sonst wem erzählen! go and tell that to the marines!;
    geh! (österr, südd) get away!;
    geh, was du nicht sagst! go on, you're kidding!; s. a. Konto
    vi impers sein
    1) + adv ( sich befinden)
    jdm geht es... sb feels...;
    wie geht es Ihnen? - danke, mir geht es gut/ausgezeichnet! how are you? - thank you, I am well/I'm feeling marvellous!;
    mir ist es schon mal besser gegangen! I have felt better!;
    nach der Spritze ging es ihr gleich wieder besser she soon felt better again after the injection;
    wie geht's denn [so]? ( fam) how are things?, how's it going?
    2) + adv ( verlaufen)
    irgendwie \Gehen to go somehow;
    wie war denn die Prüfung? - ach, es ging ganz gut how was the exam? - oh, it went quite well;
    es ging wie geschmiert it went like clockwork
    [bei etw dat] um etw akk \Gehen to be about sth;
    um was geht's denn? what's it about then?;
    worum geht's denn? what's it all about then?;
    in dem Gespräch ging es um die zugesagte Gehaltserhöhung the conversation was about the promised increase in salary;
    worum geht es in diesem Film? what is this film about?;
    hierbei geht es um meinen guten Ruf my reputation is at stake [or on the line] here;
    hierbei geht es um Millionen we're talking millions here ( fam), there are millions involved here;
    wenn es um mein Glück geht, lasse ich mir von niemandem dreinreden when it comes to my happiness I don't let anyone tell me what to do;
    es geht hier um eine wichtige Entscheidung there is an important decision to be made here;
    wenn es nur um ein paar Minuten geht, warten wir we'll wait if it's just a question [or matter] of a few minutes
    jdm geht es um etw akk sth matters to sb;
    worum geht es dir eigentlich? what are you trying to say?;
    es geht mir nur ums Geld/ um die Wahrheit I'm only interested in the money/truth;
    es geht mir ums Prinzip it's a matter [or question] of principle; s. a. Leben
    5) ( ergehen)
    jdm geht es irgendwie to be somehow with sb;
    mir ist es ähnlich/ genauso/ nicht anders gegangen it was the same [or like that] /just the same [or just like that] /no different with me, I felt the same/just the same/no different;
    warum soll es dir etwa besser \Gehen als mir? why should you have it better than me?;
    lass es dir/lasst es euch gut \Gehen! look after [or take care of] yourself!
    6) ( sich machen lassen) to be all right;
    geht es, dass ihr uns zu Weihnachten besuchen kommt? will it be possible for you to visit us at Christmas?;
    das wird kaum \Gehen, wir sind über Weihnachten verreist that won't be possible [or work], we're away for Christmas;
    ich werde arbeiten, solange es geht I shall go on [or continue] working as long as possible;
    geht es, oder soll ich dir tragen helfen? can you manage, or shall I help you carry it/them;
    es geht einfach nicht mehr it won't do any more
    7) ( führen)
    nach/ in etw akk \Gehen to go [or lead] somewhere;
    erst fahren Sie über drei Ampeln, dann geht es rechts ab go past three traffic lights then turn right;
    wohin geht's eigentlich im Urlaub? just where are you off to on holiday?;
    auf, Leute, es geht wieder nach Hause come on people, it's time to go home;
    das nächste Mal geht's in die Berge/ an die See we're off to [or heading for] the mountains/coast next time;
    im Sommer geht es immer in den Süden we always go [or head] south for the summer;
    gleich geht's ins Wochenende soon it'll be the weekend;
    wo geht's hier zum Flughafen? how do I get to the airport from here?;
    wo geht es hier raus? where is the exit?; s. a. geradeaus
    8) (nach jds Kopf \Gehen)
    nach jdm \Gehen to go by sb;
    wenn es nach mir ginge if it were up to me;
    es kann nicht immer alles nach dir \Gehen you can't always have things your own way
    WENDUNGEN:
    aber sonst geht's dir gut? (?) but you're OK otherwise?, are you feeling all right?, are you quite right in the head?;
    auf geht's! let's go!, come on!;
    es geht das Gerücht/die Sage, dass... rumour/legend has it that...;
    geht's noch!? ( SCHWEIZ) ( iron) are you crazy?!
    vt sein;
    etw \Gehen to walk sth;
    Sie haben aber noch drei Stunden/17 Kilometer zu \Gehen! you've still got another three hours/17 kilometres to go!;
    ich gehe immer diesen Weg/ diese Straße I always walk this way/take this road
    es geht sich schlecht hier it's hard going [or hard to walk] here;
    in diesen Schuhen geht es sich bequem these shoes are very comfortable for walking [or to walk in];
    sich \Gehen lassen to lose control of oneself [or one's self-control]; ( nachlässig sein) to let oneself go
    2. Ge·hen <-s> [ʼge:ən] nt
    1) (Zu-Fuß-\Gehen) walking
    2) ( das Weggehen) going, leaving;
    schon im \Gehen, wandte sie sich noch einmal um she turned round once more as she left;
    sein frühes/vorzeitiges \Gehen his early departure
    3) sport walking

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > Gehen

  • 67 gehen

    ge·hen
    1. ge·hen <ging, gegangen> [ʼge:ən]
    vi sein
    [irgendwohin] \gehen to go [somewhere]; ( zu Fuß) to walk [somewhere];
    geh schon! go on!;
    \gehen wir! let's go!;
    \gehen wir oder fahren wir mit dem Auto? shall we walk or drive?;
    ich gehe raus, frische Luft schnappen I'm going out for some fresh air;
    gehst du heute in die Stadt/ auf die Post/zur Bank? are you going to town/to the post office/to the bank today?;
    wann geht er nach Paris/ins Ausland? when is he going to Paris/abroad?;
    in Urlaub \gehen to go on holiday [or (Am) vacation];
    auf die andere Straßenseite \gehen to cross over to the other side of the street;
    ich gehe eben mal schnell auf den Dachboden I'm just going up to the loft quickly;
    [im Zimmer] auf und ab \gehen to walk up and down [or pace] [the room];
    in/ an etw akk \gehen to go into/to sth;
    ans Telefon \gehen to answer the telephone;
    über etw akk \gehen to go over [or cross] sth;
    zu jdm/etw \gehen to go to sb/sth;
    wie lange geht man bis zur Haltestelle/zur Post? how far is it to the bus stop/post office?;
    kannst du für mich noch zum Metzger/Bäcker \gehen? can/could you go to the butcher['s]/baker['s] for me?; s. a. Stelzen, Stock, weit
    2) ( besuchen)
    zu jdm \gehen to go and visit [or see] sb;
    in etw akk \gehen to go to sth;
    ins Theater/ in die Kirche/ Messe/Schule \gehen to go to the theatre/to church/mass/school;
    zu etw dat \gehen to go to sth;
    zu einem Vortrag/ zu einer Messe/zur Schule \gehen to go to a lecture/to a [trade] fair/to school;
    an etw akk \gehen to go to sth;
    an die Uni \gehen to go to university;
    auf etw akk \gehen to go to sth;
    aufs Gymnasium/auf einen Lehrgang \gehen to go to [a] grammar school/on a course;
    etw tun \gehen to go to do sth;
    schwimmen/ tanzen/ einkaufen/schlafen \gehen to go swimming/dancing/shopping/to bed
    in etw akk \gehen to go into [or enter] sth;
    in die Industrie/ Politik/Computerbranche \gehen to go into industry/politics/computers;
    in die Partei/Gewerkschaft \gehen to join the party/union;
    zu etw dat \gehen to join sth;
    zum Film/ Radio/ Theater/zur Oper \gehen to go into films/radio/on the stage/become an opera singer;
    an etw akk \gehen to join sth;
    ans Gymnasium/an die Uni \gehen to join the grammar school/university [as a teacher/lecturer]
    4) ( weggehen) to go;
    (abfahren a.) to leave;
    ich muss jetzt \gehen I have to be off [or must go];
    wann geht der Zug nach Hamburg? when does the train to Hamburg leave?;
    heute geht leider keine Fähre mehr there are no more ferries today, I'm afraid;
    jdn \gehen lassen ( davongehen lassen) to let sb go;
    (euph: gestorben sein) to have departed from us ( euph) s. a. Licht, Weg
    5) ( blicken)
    auf etw akk / nach etw akk \gehen to look onto/towards sth;
    die Fenster \gehen auf das Meer/ den Strand the windows look [out] onto the sea/beach;
    der Balkon ging nach Süden/ auf einen Parkplatz the balcony faced south/overlooked a car park
    6) ( führen)
    irgendwohin \gehen to go somewhere;
    die Brücke geht über den Fluss the bridge crosses the river;
    ist das die Straße, die nach Oberstdorf geht? is that the road [or way] to Oberstdorf?;
    wohin geht dieser Weg/Geheimgang? where does this path/secret passage go [or lead [to]] ?;
    die Tür geht direkt auf unseren Parkplatz the door leads [or opens] directly onto our parking space;
    von... bis/ über etw akk \gehen to go from... to/via somewhere;
    die nach Biberach \gehende Reise the trip to Biberach;
    dieser Rundweg geht über die Höhen des Schwarzwaldes this circular walk takes in the highest points [or peaks] of the Black Forest
    [zu jdm] \gehen to leave [for sb], to go [to sb];
    er ist zu Klett gegangen he left to go to Klett;
    gegangen werden ( hum) ( fam) to be given the push [or ( fam) the sack];
    8) ( funktionieren) to work;
    meine Uhr geht nicht mehr my watch has stopped
    9) ( sich bewegen) to move;
    ich hörte, wie die Tür ging I heard the door [go];
    diese Schublade geht schwer this drawer is stiff;
    vielleicht geht das Schloss wieder, wenn man es ölt perhaps the lock will work again if you oil it
    [irgendwie] \gehen to go [somehow];
    wie ist die Prüfung gegangen? how was the exam [or did the exam go] ?;
    zurzeit geht alles drunter und drüber things are a bit chaotic right now;
    versuch's einfach, es geht ganz leicht just try it, it's really easy;
    kannst du mir bitte erklären, wie das Spiel geht? can you please explain the rules of the game to me?;
    wie soll das denn bloß \gehen? just how is that supposed to work?
    11) ökon ( laufen) to go;
    das Geschäft geht vor Weihnachten immer gut business is always good before Christmas;
    wie \gehen die Geschäfte? how's business?;
    ( sich verkaufen) to sell;
    diese teuren Zigarren \gehen gut/ nicht gut these expensive cigars sell/don't sell well;
    diese Pralinen \gehen bei uns so schnell weg, wie sie reinkommen we sell these chocolates as soon as they come in
    [irgendwie] vor sich \gehen to go on [or happen] [in a certain way];
    erkläre mir mal, wie das vor sich \gehen soll now just tell me how that's going to happen [or how it's going to work];
    das kann auf verschiedene Arten vor sich \gehen it can proceed in a variety of ways;
    kannst du mir mal erklären, wie das vor sich geht, wenn man die deutsche Staatsbürgerschaft annehmen will? can you explain the procedure for taking up German citizenship to me?;
    was geht hier vor sich? ( fam) what's going on here?
    in etw akk / durch etw akk \gehen to go into/through sth;
    es \gehen über 450 Besucher in das neue Theater the new theatre holds over 450 people;
    wie viele Leute \gehen in deinen Wagen? how many people [can] fit in[to] your car?; s. a. Kopf
    14) ( dauern) to go on;
    eine bestimmte Zeit \gehen to last a certain time;
    dieser Film geht drei Stunden this film goes on for [or lasts] three hours;
    der Film geht schon über eine Stunde the film has been on for over an hour already [or started over an hour ago];
    15) ( reichen) to go;
    [jdm] bis zu etw dat \gehen to reach [sb's] sth;
    das Wasser geht einem bis zur Hüfte the water comes up to one's hips;
    der Rock geht ihr bis zum Knie the skirt goes down to her knee;
    in etw akk \gehen to run into sth;
    in die Hunderte [o hunderte] / Tausende [o tausende] \gehen to run into [the] hundreds/thousands
    16) kochk Teig to rise
    in etw dat \gehen to wear sth;
    als etw \gehen to go as sth;
    mit/ohne etw \gehen to go with/without sth;
    bei dem Nieselregen würde ich nicht ohne Schirm \gehen I wouldn't go out in this drizzle without an umbrella;
    sie geht auch im Winter nur mit einer dunklen Brille she wears dark glasses even in winter;
    ich gehe besser nicht in Jeans dorthin I'd better not go there in jeans
    18) ( ertönen) to ring
    [bei jdm] \gehen to be all right [or ( fam) OK] [with sb];
    haben Sie am nächsten Mittwoch Zeit? - nein, das geht [bei mir] nicht are you free next Wednesday? - no, that's no good [for me] [or I can't manage that];
    das geht doch nicht! that's not on!;
    ich muss mal telefonieren - geht das? I have to make a phone call - would that be alright?;
    ( hoffnungslos sein) there's nothing more to be done
    20) ( lauten) to go;
    weißt du noch, wie das Lied ging? can you remember how the song went [or the words of the song] ?;
    wie geht nochmal der Spruch? what's that saying again?, how does the saying go?
    an etw akk \gehen to touch sth;
    um ihre Schulden zu bezahlen, musste sie an ihr Erspartes \gehen she had to raid her savings to pay off her debts;
    wer ist dieses Mal an meinen Computer gegangen? who's been messing around with my computer this time?
    an jdn \gehen to go to sb;
    das Erbe/ der Punkt ging an sie the inheritance/point went to her;
    der Vorsitz ging turnusmäßig an H. Lantermann H. Lantermann became chairman in rotation
    [jdm] an etw akk \gehen to damage [sb's] sth;
    das geht [mir] ganz schön an die Nerven that really gets on my nerves;
    das geht an die Kraft [o Substanz] that takes it out of you
    24) (fam: angreifen)
    auf etw akk \gehen to attack sth;
    das Rauchen geht auf die Lunge smoking affects the lungs;
    das Klettern geht ganz schön auf die Pumpe climbing really puts a strain on the old ticker
    an jdn \gehen to be addressed to sb;
    gegen jdn/etw \gehen to be directed against sb/sth;
    das geht nicht gegen Sie, aber die Vorschriften! this isn't aimed at you, it's just the rules!;
    das geht gegen meine Prinzipien/ Überzeugung that is [or goes] against my principles/convictions
    mit jdm \gehen to go out with sb
    nach etw dat \gehen to go by sth;
    der Richter ging in seinem Urteil nach der bisherigen Unbescholtenheit des Angeklagten on passing sentence the judge took into account the defendant's lack of previous convictions;
    nach dem, was er sagt, kann man nicht \gehen you can't go by what he says
    zu weit \gehen to go too far, to overstep the line;
    das geht zu weit! that's just too much!
    über jds Geduld \gehen to exhaust sb's patience;
    über jds Kräfte/Möglichkeiten \gehen to be too much for [or beyond] sb;
    das geht einfach über meine finanziellen Möglichkeiten I just don't have the finances for that;
    30) (hum: werden zu)
    unter die Politiker/ Künstler/Säufer \gehen to join the ranks of politicians/artists/alcoholics
    31) (fam: akzeptabel sein) to be OK;
    er geht gerade noch, aber seine Frau ist furchtbar he's just about OK [or tolerable] but his wife is awful;
    wie ist das Hotel? - es geht [so] how's the hotel? - it's ok;
    ist das zu klein? - nein, das geht [so] is it too small? - no, it's ok like this
    auf die... \gehen + Zahl to be approaching...;
    er geht auf die dreißig he's approaching [or coming up for] thirty
    WENDUNGEN:
    wo jd geht und steht ( fam) wherever [or no matter where] sb goes [or is];
    in sich akk \gehen to turn one's gaze inward, to take stock of oneself;
    Mensch, geh in dich! for heaven's sake, think again!;
    \gehen Sie [mir] mit... ( fam) spare [me]...;
    \gehen Sie [mir] doch mit Ihren Ausreden! spare me your excuses, please!;
    jdm °über alles \gehen to mean more to sb than anything else;
    das Kind geht mir über alles! that child means the whole world to me!;
    es geht nichts °über jdn/ etw nothing beats sb/sth, there's nothing better than [or to beat]; [or like] sb/sth;
    [ach] geh,...! ( fam) [oh] come on,...!;
    ach geh, das kann doch nicht dein Ernst sein! oh come on, you can't be serious!;
    geh, so was kannst du sonst wem erzählen! go and tell that to the marines!;
    geh! (österr, südd) get away!;
    geh, was du nicht sagst! go on, you're kidding!; s. a. Konto
    vi impers sein
    1) + adv ( sich befinden)
    jdm geht es... sb feels...;
    wie geht es Ihnen? - danke, mir geht es gut/ausgezeichnet! how are you? - thank you, I am well/I'm feeling marvellous!;
    mir ist es schon mal besser gegangen! I have felt better!;
    nach der Spritze ging es ihr gleich wieder besser she soon felt better again after the injection;
    wie geht's denn [so]? ( fam) how are things?, how's it going?
    2) + adv ( verlaufen)
    irgendwie \gehen to go somehow;
    wie war denn die Prüfung? - ach, es ging ganz gut how was the exam? - oh, it went quite well;
    es ging wie geschmiert it went like clockwork
    [bei etw dat] um etw akk \gehen to be about sth;
    um was geht's denn? what's it about then?;
    worum geht's denn? what's it all about then?;
    in dem Gespräch ging es um die zugesagte Gehaltserhöhung the conversation was about the promised increase in salary;
    worum geht es in diesem Film? what is this film about?;
    hierbei geht es um meinen guten Ruf my reputation is at stake [or on the line] here;
    hierbei geht es um Millionen we're talking millions here ( fam), there are millions involved here;
    wenn es um mein Glück geht, lasse ich mir von niemandem dreinreden when it comes to my happiness I don't let anyone tell me what to do;
    es geht hier um eine wichtige Entscheidung there is an important decision to be made here;
    wenn es nur um ein paar Minuten geht, warten wir we'll wait if it's just a question [or matter] of a few minutes
    jdm geht es um etw akk sth matters to sb;
    worum geht es dir eigentlich? what are you trying to say?;
    es geht mir nur ums Geld/ um die Wahrheit I'm only interested in the money/truth;
    es geht mir ums Prinzip it's a matter [or question] of principle; s. a. Leben
    5) ( ergehen)
    jdm geht es irgendwie to be somehow with sb;
    mir ist es ähnlich/ genauso/ nicht anders gegangen it was the same [or like that] /just the same [or just like that] /no different with me, I felt the same/just the same/no different;
    warum soll es dir etwa besser \gehen als mir? why should you have it better than me?;
    lass es dir/lasst es euch gut \gehen! look after [or take care of] yourself!
    6) ( sich machen lassen) to be all right;
    geht es, dass ihr uns zu Weihnachten besuchen kommt? will it be possible for you to visit us at Christmas?;
    das wird kaum \gehen, wir sind über Weihnachten verreist that won't be possible [or work], we're away for Christmas;
    ich werde arbeiten, solange es geht I shall go on [or continue] working as long as possible;
    geht es, oder soll ich dir tragen helfen? can you manage, or shall I help you carry it/them;
    es geht einfach nicht mehr it won't do any more
    7) ( führen)
    nach/ in etw akk \gehen to go [or lead] somewhere;
    erst fahren Sie über drei Ampeln, dann geht es rechts ab go past three traffic lights then turn right;
    wohin geht's eigentlich im Urlaub? just where are you off to on holiday?;
    auf, Leute, es geht wieder nach Hause come on people, it's time to go home;
    das nächste Mal geht's in die Berge/ an die See we're off to [or heading for] the mountains/coast next time;
    im Sommer geht es immer in den Süden we always go [or head] south for the summer;
    gleich geht's ins Wochenende soon it'll be the weekend;
    wo geht's hier zum Flughafen? how do I get to the airport from here?;
    wo geht es hier raus? where is the exit?; s. a. geradeaus
    8) (nach jds Kopf \gehen)
    nach jdm \gehen to go by sb;
    wenn es nach mir ginge if it were up to me;
    es kann nicht immer alles nach dir \gehen you can't always have things your own way
    WENDUNGEN:
    aber sonst geht's dir gut? (?) but you're OK otherwise?, are you feeling all right?, are you quite right in the head?;
    auf geht's! let's go!, come on!;
    es geht das Gerücht/die Sage, dass... rumour/legend has it that...;
    geht's noch!? ( SCHWEIZ) ( iron) are you crazy?!
    vt sein;
    etw \gehen to walk sth;
    Sie haben aber noch drei Stunden/17 Kilometer zu \gehen! you've still got another three hours/17 kilometres to go!;
    ich gehe immer diesen Weg/ diese Straße I always walk this way/take this road
    es geht sich schlecht hier it's hard going [or hard to walk] here;
    in diesen Schuhen geht es sich bequem these shoes are very comfortable for walking [or to walk in];
    sich \gehen lassen to lose control of oneself [or one's self-control]; ( nachlässig sein) to let oneself go
    2. Ge·hen <-s> [ʼge:ən] nt
    1) (Zu-Fuß-\gehen) walking
    2) ( das Weggehen) going, leaving;
    schon im \gehen, wandte sie sich noch einmal um she turned round once more as she left;
    sein frühes/vorzeitiges \gehen his early departure
    3) sport walking

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > gehen

  • 68 jo

    iz.
    1. ( kolpea) hit
    2. Kir. shot; \jo laburra short shot; \jo luzea long shot; \jo luzeko pilotaria a jai-alai player with a long shot; \jo huts missed shot; zer \jo ederrak egiten zituen! what beautiful shots he made!
    3. (irud.)
    a. atearen \joa knocking at the door
    b. umearen \jo kicking (in the belly)
    c. bihotzaren \joa the beating of a heart | the heartbeat
    4. ( astoarena) heehaw io. worn out, exahausted du/ad.
    a. to hit, strike; Joanesek \jo nau! Joanes hit me!; \jotzera egin to attack | to charge
    b. ( ukabilaka) to punch, sock
    c. ( kolpatu) to pound, beat; dinbi-danba \jo to beat to a pulp
    d. i-r ostikoz \jo to kick sb
    e. ( atea) to knock
    f. ( garia) to thresh, thrash
    2. ( kaltetu, eraso, e.a.)
    a. Med. to strike; malariak \jo zuen he was struck down by malaria
    b. ( desegin, suntsitu) to deteriorate, devastate; sitsak \jotako arropa moth-eaten clothes; harrak \jotako sagarrak worm-infested apples | worm-eaten apples
    c. (irud.) zorigaitzak \jo zuen he was struck by bad luck
    d. (esa.) eleberriaren pasarte batek \jo ninduen begietan a passage in the novel caught my eye
    a. to hit, strike; horma \jo arte ez zen gelditu it didn't stop until it hit the wall; konortea galdurik lurra \jo zuen he hit the ground when he lost consciousness; tximistak \jo zuen he was struck by lightning
    b. ( gauza batez, tresna batez, e.a.) to strike; burdina \jo to strike iron; ezpataz \jo zuen he struck him with his sword; zuhaitza aizkoraz \jo to chop a tree (with an axe)
    c. (esa.) bihotzean \jo ninduen it hit me where it hurt; loak \jotzen nau I'm falling asleep; ihortziak \jo balu bezala as if struck by lightning
    a. ( inork musika tresna) to play; danborra \jo to {beat || play} the drum; txistua \jo to play the txistu flute
    b. ( inork musika) to play; Brasilgo musika \jo to play Brazilian music; Mozart-en sinfonia bat \jo to play a symphony of Mozart's
    c. ( ordulariari d.) to strike; ordu batak \jo du it's struck one ; hamabiak \jo zuten the clock struck twelve; goizeko bostak \jotzen ari zenean when it was striking five in the morning
    d. oilarrak \jo zuen the cock crowed
    e. ( soinu egin) to ring; kanpaiak \jo zuen the bell rang; txirrinak \jo zuen the bell {rang || buzzed}; telefonoak \jo zuen the phone rang
    a. to hit, reach; non \jo du lehenbizi itsasontzia honakoan? where did the ship stop at on its way here?
    b. ( xede, muga) to reach, hit
    c. (irud.) {lur || erreka} \jo to hit rock bottom; zurian \jo nuen I hit the target; hogei urte \jo ditu he's reached twenty
    6. ( ibili) to travel, go across; bazter asko \jo ditu he's {been || travelled} to many countries
    a. to head (- ra: for), make one's way ( -ra, aldera: to) ; itsasontziak Australiara \jo zuen the ship {sailed || headed} for Australia; Walensak goizeko 4 t'erdietan \jo zuen ontzioletara Mercedes auto batean eta bi bizkarzainek lagunduta Walesa headed for the shipyards at four thirty in the morning in a Mercedes, accompanied by two bodyguards; aurrera \jo baino lehen before going ahead; nondik \jo ez nekiela in which I didn't know where to turn; egun guztia \jo hona eta \jo hara spending the whole day going to and fro; \jo goiak \jo beheak going every which way
    b. ( leiho batek, e.a.) to look out on, face; leihoak hegoaldera \jotzen du the window faces south
    c. \jo horra eta \jo hara || \jo bat eta \jo beste || \jo Ondarro eta \jo Mutriku to go to and fro | to go from one place to another
    8. ( zer edo zer lortu, jakin, edo konpontzeko)
    a. ( p.) to turn to; larrialdietan gurasoengana \jotzen dut I turn to my parents in times of trouble ; poliziarengana \jo zuen he went to the police
    b. ( lana, hiztegia, telefonoa, liburua, e.a.) to refer to, consult; zenbait duda-muda argitzeko, hiztegi batera \jotzen dut to clear up some doubts, I refer to a dictionary
    c. ( auzitegia) to resort to, refer to, take recourse to; gora \jo to appeal
    d. to turn to, resort to; taldeak izubidera \jo zuen the group resorted to terrorism
    e. \jotzen duenak \jotzen duela whatever happens
    9. ( sexuari d.) larrua \jo hitz itsusia. to screw, fuck hitz itsusia.
    10. ( joera izan) to be inclined; edanera \jotzen du he tends to drink; horretara \jo dute ere euskaraz ari direnean they're inclined that way even when speaking Basque; nahiz eta elkarren berri ez jakin, nolabait helburu batera \jo zuten even though they did not know about each other, they tended towards the same goal
    11. ( kopuruei d.)
    a. to reckon, calculate, estimate; zenbat urte \jotzen dizkiozu maisuari? how old would you reckon the teacher to be?; zenbat balio duela \jotzen duzu? how much do you reckon it's worth?; behetik \jota conservatively estimated; gehienez \jota at most
    b. to boil down, come down (- ra: to) ; badago liburu guztiak bitara \jotzerik all of the books can reduced to two volumes
    c. sariak miloiraino \jotzen du the prize amounts up to a million
    12. Met.
    a. to blow; haizeak \jotzen du the wind is blowing; bihar haizeak ere hotz \joko du, iparraldetik etorriko baita tomorrow there will be a cold wind blowing as it will be coming from the north
    b. hemen eguzkiak \jotzen du the sun beats down here
    13. ( gehitu) to add; \jo ezazu hau lehengo zerrendara add this to the list
    14. ( eman, suposatu) to assume, suppose; \jo dezagun hori egia dela let's {assume || suppose} that's true
    15. -tzat \jo to consider as, take for; galdutzat \jo behar dut borroka hau I should consider this fight a losing proposition; mirarigarritzat \jo zuten they considered it miraculous
    16. ( ekin) to get to, take to; lanari \jo zion he got down to work
    17. (+ eta) \jo eta ke busily, actively, up a storm; lanean ari dira \jo eta ke they've working up a storm | they're working like the dickens; \jo eta \jo ari dira they're having at
    18. \jota dago (s)he's exhausted

    Euskara Ingelesa hiztegiaren > jo

  • 69 disporre

    1. [dis'porre]
    vb irreg vt
    1) (mettere) to place, put, (sistemare) to arrange, (preparare) to prepare, make ready
    2) (ordinare) to order

    la legge dispone che... — the law lays down that...

    2. vi (aus avere)
    1) (decidere) to decide

    abbiamo disposto diversamente — we have decided otherwise, we have made other arrangements

    2)

    disporre di — to have, have at one's disposal

    lo stadio dispone di 50.000 posti — the stadium holds 50,000 people

    1) (posizione) to put o.s., place o.s., arrange o.s.

    disporsi a fare qc — to prepare o.s. o get ready to do sth

    Nuovo dizionario Italiano-Inglese > disporre

  • 70 su

    ",-yu 1. water. 2. juice. 3. sap. 4. body of water; stream; river; lake; sea. 5. broth; gravy. 6. temper (of steel). 7. embroidery running pattern. (...) -larında about, around: saat altı sularında around six o´clock. elli sularında about fifty years old. - almak 1. to leak, admit water. 2. (for a boat) to leak, take in water. -yunu almak /ın/ to drain the water from (cooked vegetables). - arkı irrigation ditch. -da balık satmak to make an empty promise. - basmak /ı/ for water to flood (a place). - baskını flood. -yun başı 1. source, spring, fountain. 2. place from which one gains the greatest profits or benefits. 3. person who holds the greatest authority and bears the greatest responsibility. -yu baştan/başından kesmek to tackle a problem at its root. - birikintisi puddle. -da boğulmak to be drowned. -ya boğulmak to be flooded with water. - bölümü çizgisi geog. watershed, water parting. -yu bulandırmak to throw a monkey wrench into something that´s going well. - cenderesi hydraulic press. - çarpmak /a/ to give (one´s face) a quick, splashy wash. - çekmek 1. to draw water (from a well or cistern). 2. to absorb water. -yunu çekmek 1. for the liquid in (something being cooked) to boil away. 2. (for money) to be spent, run out. -yu çekilmiş değirmene dönmek 1. (for a place) to become as silent as a tomb, become like a morgue. 2. to become completely useless. -dan çıkmış balığa dönmek to be in a daze, not to know what to do or which way to turn. - değirmeni water mill. - dökmek to urinate, pass water, make water. - dökünmek to take a quick bath (by dousing oneself with water). -ya düşmek 1. to fail, come to nothing. 2. to fall into the water. - etmek/yapmak (for a ship) to leak, take in water. -dan geçirmek /ı/ 1. to wash (laundry) quickly and carelessly. 2. to rinse (laundry). - gibi 1. like water. 2. easily, smoothly. 3. fluently. - gibi akmak 1. (for time) to pass very quickly. 2. /a/ (for money) to be made by (a person or place) in great quantities. - gibi aziz ol! Thank you very much indeed (for bringing me water to drink)! - gibi bilmek /ı/ to know (something) perfectly, have (something) down pat. - gibi ezberlemek /ı/ to memorize (something) perfectly. - gibi gitmek (for money) to be spent like water. - gibi okumak /ı/ to read quickly and faultlessly. - gibi terlemek to sweat heavily. -yuna/-yunca gitmek /ın/ not to go counter to (someone); not to cross (someone), to comply with (someone´s) wishes. -yu görmeden paçaları sıvamak to count one´s chickens before they´re hatched. - (yüzü) görmemiş very dirty (face, hands). -ya göstermek /ı/ to give (something) a quick wash. - götürmez indisputable. - götürür yeri olmamak /ın/ for there to be nothing more to be said about (a matter). -ya götürür, susuz getirir. colloq. He´s a master hoodwinker. - içene yılan bile dokunmaz. proverb It´s wrong to attack a person while he´s drinking water, even if he is one´s enemy. - içinde easily, at least. - içinde kalmak to sweat heavily, sweat buckets. - içmek gibi very easy, as easy as taking candy from a baby. - kaçırmak 1. to leak. 2. slang to annoy, bother, give someone a headache. - kaldırmak (for something being cooked) to absorb water. - kapmak (for a wound) to get infected, fester. -lar kararmak to get dark (in the evening). - katılmamış real, in every sense of the word, through and through. -yu kesilmiş değirmene dönmek (for a place) to get quiet, for all noise (in a place) to cease. - kesimi naut. draft line; water line. -yu kesiyor. It´s so blunt it won´t cut anything (said of a knife). - kesmek to become very watery; to ooze a lot of water or juice. - kireci hydraulic lime. - korkusu hydrophobia, morbid dread of water. - koyuvermek 1. (for something) to ooze a lot of water (while being cooked). 2. slang to become impudent, overstep the mark, spoil the fun by going too far. - küçüğün, söz/sofra büyüğün. proverb At mealtime the children should be the ones who get water

    Saja Türkçe - İngilizce Sözlük > su

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