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as+early+as+possible

  • 21 раньше

    приходи́те как мо́жно ра́ньше — come as early as possible

    2) ( когда-то) formerly
    •

    Американизмы. Русско-английский словарь. > раньше

  • 22 как можно раньше

    Sokrat personal > как можно раньше

  • 23 как можно раньше

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > как можно раньше

  • 24 как можно раньше

    Бизнес, юриспруденция. Русско-английский словарь > как можно раньше

  • 25 БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

    Мы приняли следующие сокращения для наиболее часто упоминаемых книг и журналов:
    IJP - International Journal of Psycho-analysis
    JAPA - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    SE - Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1953—74.)
    PSOC - Psychoanalytic Study of the Child (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    PQ - Psychoanalytic Quarterly
    WAF - The Writings of Anna Freud, ed. Anna Freud (New York: International Universities Press, 1966—74)
    PMC - Psychoanalysis The Major Concepts ed. Burness E. Moore and Bernard D. Fine (New Haven: Yale University Press)
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    О словаре: _about - Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts
    \
    1. Abend, S. M. Identity. PMC. Forthcoming.
    2. Abend, S. M. (1974) Problems of identity. PQ, 43.
    3. Abend, S. M., Porder, M. S. & Willick, M. S. (1983) Borderline Patients. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    4. Abraham, K. (1916) The first pregenital stage of libido. Selected Papers. London, Hogarth Press, 1948.
    5. Abraham, K. (1917) Ejaculatio praecox. In: selected Papers. New York Basic Books.
    6. Abraham, K. (1921) Contributions to the theory of the anal character. Selected Papers. New York: Basic Books, 1953.
    7. Abraham, K. (1924) A Short study of the development of the libido, viewed in the light of mental disorders. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
    8. Abraham, K. (1924) Manic-depressive states and the pre-genital levels of the libido. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1949.
    9. Abraham, K. (1924) Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1948.
    10. Abraham, K. (1924) The influence of oral erotism on character formation. Ibid.
    11. Abraham, K. (1925) The history of an impostor in the light of psychoanalytic knowledge. In: Clinical Papers and Essays on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1955, vol. 2.
    12. Abrams, S. (1971) The psychoanalytic unconsciousness. In: The Unconscious Today, ed. M. Kanzer. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    13. Abrams, S. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    14. Abse, D W. (1985) The depressive character In Depressive States and their Treatment, ed. V. Volkan New York: Jason Aronson.
    15. Abse, D. W. (1985) Hysteria and Related Mental Disorders. Bristol: John Wright.
    16. Ackner, B. (1954) Depersonalization. J. Ment. Sci., 100.
    17. Adler, A. (1924) Individual Psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
    18. Akhtar, S. (1984) The syndrome of identity diffusion. Amer. J. Psychiat., 141.
    19. Alexander, F. (1950) Psychosomatic Medicine. New York: Norton.
    20. Allen, D. W. (1974) The Feat- of Looking. Charlottesvill, Va: Univ. Press of Virginia.
    21. Allen, D. W. (1980) Psychoanalytic treatment of the exhibitionist. In: Exhibitionist, Description, Assessment, and Treatment, ed. D. Cox. New York: Garland STPM Press.
    22. Allport, G. (1937) Personality. New York: Henry Holt.
    23. Almansi, R. J. (1960) The face-breast equation. JAPA, 6.
    24. Almansi, R. J. (1979) Scopophilia and object loss. PQ, 47.
    25. Altman, L. Z. (1969) The Dream in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    26. Altman, L. Z. (1977) Some vicissitudes of love. JAPA, 25.
    27. American Psychiatric Association. (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3d ed. revised. Washington, D. C.
    28. Ansbacher, Z. & Ansbacher, R. (1956) The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. New York: Basic Books.
    29. Anthony, E. J. (1981) Shame, guilt, and the feminine self in psychoanalysis. In: Object and Self, ed. S. Tuttman, C. Kaye & M. Zimmerman. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    30. Arlow. J. A. (1953) Masturbation and symptom formation. JAPA, 1.
    31. Arlow. J. A. (1959) The structure of the deja vu experience. JAPA, 7.
    32. Arlow. J. A. (1961) Ego psychology and the study of mythology. JAPA, 9.
    33. Arlow. J. A. (1963) Conflict, regression and symptom formation. IJP, 44.
    34. Arlow. J. A. (1966) Depersonalization and derealization. In: Psychoanalysis: A General Psychology, ed. R. M. Loewenstein, L. M. Newman, M. Schur & A. J. Solnit. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    35. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Fantasy, memory and reality testing. PQ, 38.
    36. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Unconscious fantasy and disturbances of mental experience. PQ, 38.
    37. Arlow. J. A. (1970) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 51.
    38. Arlow. J. A. (1975) The structural hypothesis. PQ, 44.
    39. Arlow. J. A. (1977) Affects and the psychoanalytic situation. IJP, 58.
    40. Arlow. J. A. (1979) Metaphor and the psychoanalytic situation. PQ, 48.
    41. Arlow. J. A. (1979) The genesis of interpretation. JAPA, 27 (suppl.).
    42. Arlow. J. A. (1982) Problems of the superego concept. PSOC, 37.
    43. Arlow. J. A. (1984) Disturbances of the sense of time. PQ, 53.
    44. Arlow. J. A. (1985) Some technical problems of countertransference. PQ, 54.
    45. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1963) Psychoanalytic Concepts and the Structural Theory, New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    46. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1969) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 50.
    47. Asch, S. S. (1966) Depression. PSOC, 21.
    48. Asch, S. S. (1976) Varieties of negative therapeutic reactions and problems of technique. JAPA, 24.
    49. Atkins, N. (1970) The Oedipus myth. Adolescence, and the succession of generations. JAPA, 18.
    50. Atkinson, J. W. & Birch, D. (1970) The Dynamics of Action. New York: Wiley.
    51. Bachrach, H. M. & Leaff, L. A. (1978) Analyzability. JAPA, 26.
    52. Bacon, C. (1956) A developmental theory of female homosexuality. In: Perversions,ed, S. Lorand & M. Balint. New York: Gramercy.
    53. Bak, R. C. (1953) Fetishism. JAPA. 1.
    54. Bak, R. C. (1968) The phallic woman. PSOC, 23.
    55. Bak, R. C. & Stewart, W. A. (1974) Fetishism, transvestism, and voyeurism. An American Handbook of Psychiatry, ed. S. Arieti. New York: Basic Books, vol. 3.
    56. Balint, A. (1949) Love for mother and mother-love. IJP, 30.
    57. Balter, L., Lothane, Z. & Spencer, J. H. (1980) On the analyzing instrument, PQ, 49.
    58. Basch, M. F. (1973) Psychoanalysis and theory formation. Ann. Psychoanal., 1.
    59. Basch, M. F. (1976) The concept of affect. JAPA, 24.
    60. Basch, M. F. (1981) Selfobject disorders and psychoanalytic theory. JAPA, 29.
    61. Basch, M. F. (1983) Emphatic understanding. JAPA. 31.
    62. Balldry, F. Character. PMC. Forthcoming.
    63. Balldry, F. (1983) The evolution of the concept of character in Freud's writings. JAPA. 31.
    64. Begelman, D. A. (1971) Misnaming, metaphors, the medical model and some muddles. Psychiatry, 34.
    65. Behrends, R. S. & Blatt, E. J. (1985) Internalization and psychological development throughout the life cycle. PSOC, 40.
    66. Bell, A. (1961) Some observations on the role of the scrotal sac and testicles JAPA, 9.
    67. Benedeck, T. (1949) The psychosomatic implications of the primary unit. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 19.
    68. Beres, C. (1958) Vicissitudes of superego functions and superego precursors in childhood. FSOC, 13.
    69. Beres, D. Conflict. PMC. Forthcoming.
    70. Beres, D. (1956) Ego deviation and the concept of schizophrenia. PSOC, 11.
    71. Beres, D. (1960) Perception, imagination and reality. IJP, 41.
    72. Beres, D. (1960) The psychoanalytic psychology of imagination. JAPA, 8.
    73. Beres, D. & Joseph, E. D. (1965) Structure and function in psychoanalysis. IJP, 46.
    74. Beres, D. (1970) The concept of mental representation in psychoanalysis. IJP, 51.
    75. Berg, M D. (1977) The externalizing transference. IJP, 58.
    76. Bergeret, J. (1985) Reflection on the scientific responsi bilities of the International Psychoanalytical Association. Memorandum distributed at 34th IPA Congress, Humburg.
    77. Bergman, A. (1978) From mother to the world outside. In: Grolnick et. al. (1978).
    78. Bergmann, M. S. (1980) On the intrapsychic function of falling in love. PQ, 49.
    79. Berliner, B. (1966) Psychodynamics of the depressive character. Psychoanal. Forum, 1.
    80. Bernfeld, S. (1931) Zur Sublimierungslehre. Imago, 17.
    81. Bibring, E. (1937) On the theory of the therapeutic results of psychoanalysis. IJP, 18.
    82. Bibring, E. (1941) The conception of the repetition compulsion. PQ, 12.
    83. Bibring, E. (1953) The mechanism of depression. In: Affective Disorders, ed. P. Greenacre. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    84. Bibring, E. (1954) Psychoanalysis and the dynamic psychotherapies. JAPA, 2.
    85. Binswanger, H. (1963) Positive aspects of the animus. Zьrich: Spring.
    86. Bion Francesca Abingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    87. Bion, W. R. (1952) Croup dynamics. IJP, 33.
    88. Bion, W. R. (1961) Experiences in Groups. London: Tavistock.
    89. Bion, W. R. (1962) A theory of thinking. IJP, 40.
    90. Bion, W. R. (1962) Learning from Experience. London: William Heinemann.
    91. Bion, W. R. (1963) Elements of Psychoanalysis. London: William Heinemann.
    92. Bion, W. R. (1965) Transformations. London: William Heinemann.
    93. Bion, W. R. (1970) Attention and Interpretation. London: Tavistock.
    94. Bion, W. R. (1985) All My Sins Remembered, ed. Francesca Bion. Adingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    95. Bird, B. (1972) Notes on transference. JAPA, 20.
    96. Blanck, G. & Blanck, R. (1974) Ego Psychology. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    97. Blatt, S. J. (1974) Levels of object representation in anaclitic and introjective depression. PSOC, 29.
    98. Blau, A. (1955) A unitary hypothesis of emotion. PQ, 24.
    99. Bleuler, E. (1911) Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1951.
    100. Blos, P. (1954) Prolonged adolescence. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 24.
    101. Blos, P. (1962) On Adolescence. New York: Free Press.
    102. Blos, P. (1972) The epigenesia of the adult neurosis. 27.
    103. Blos, P. (1979) Modification in the traditional psychoanalytic theory of adolescent development. Adolescent Psychiat., 8.
    104. Blos, P. (1984) Son and father. JAPA_. 32.
    105. Blum, G. S. (1963) Prepuberty and adolescence, In Studies ed. R. E. Grinder. New York: McMillan.
    106. Blum, H. P. Symbolism. FMC. Forthcoming.
    107. Blum, H. P. (1976) Female Psychology. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    108. Blum, H. P. (1976) Masochism, the ego ideal and the psychology of women. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    109. Blum, H. P. (1980) The value of reconstruction in adult psychoanalysis. IJP, 61.
    110. Blum, H. P. (1981) Forbidden quest and the analytic ideal. PQ, 50.
    111. Blum, H. P. (1983) Defense and resistance. Foreword. JAFA, 31.
    112. Blum, H. P., Kramer, Y., Richards, A. K. & Richards, A. D., eds. (1988) Fantasy, Myth and Reality: Essays in Honor of Jacob A. Arlow. Madison, Conn.: Int. Univ. Press.
    113. Boehm, F. (1930) The femininity-complex In men. IJP,11.
    114. Boesky, D. Structural theory. PMC. Forthcoming.
    115. Boesky, D. (1973) Deja raconte as a screen defense. PQ, 42.
    116. Boesky, D. (1982) Acting out. IJP, 63.
    117. Boesky, D. (1986) Questions about Sublimation In Psychoanalysis the Science of Mental Conflict, ed. A. D. Richards & M. S. Willick. Hillsdale, N. J.: Analytic Press.
    118. Bornstein, B. (1935) Phobia in a 2 1/2-year-old child. PQ, 4.
    119. Bornstein, B. (1951) On latency. PSOC, 6.
    120. Bornstein, M., ed. (1983) Values and neutrality in psychoanalysis. Psychoanal. Inquiry, 3.
    121. Bowlby, J. (1960) Grief and morning in infancy and early childhood. PSOC. 15.
    122. Bowlby, J. (1961) Process of mourning. IJP. 42.
    123. Bowlby, J. (1980) Attachment and Loss, vol. 3. New York: Basic Books.
    124. Bradlow, P. A. (1973) Depersonalization, ego splitting, non-human fantasy and shame. IJP, 54.
    125. Brazelton, T. B., Kozlowsky, B. & Main, M. (1974) The early motherinfant interaction. In: The Effect of the Infant on Its Caregiver, ed. M. Lewis & L. Rosenblum New York Wiley.
    126. Brenner, C. (1957) The nature and development of the concept of repression in Freud's writings. PSOC, 12.
    127. Brenner, C. (1959) The masochistic character. JAPA, 7.
    128. Brenner, C. (1973) An Elementary Textbook of Psycho-analysis. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    129. Brenner, C. (1974) On the nature and development of affects PQ, 43.
    130. Brenner, C. (1976) Psychoanalytic Technique and Psychic Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    131. Brenner, C. (1979) The Mind in Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    132. Brenner, C. (1979) Working alliance, therapeutic alliance and transference. JAPA, 27.
    133. Brenner, C. (1981) Defense and defense mechanisms. PQ, 50.
    134. Brenner, C. (1983) Defense. In: the Mind in Conflict. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    135. Bressler, B. (1965) The concept of the self. Psychoanalytic Review, 52.
    136. Breuer, J. & Freud, S. (1983—95) Studies on Hysteria. SE, 3.
    137. Breznitz, S., ed. (1983) The Denial of Stress. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    138. Brody, S. (1964) Passivity. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    139. Brown, H. (1970) Psycholinquistics. New York: Free Press.
    140. Bruner, J. S. (1964) The course of cognitive growth. Amer. Psychologist. 19.
    141. Bruner, J., Jolly, A. & Sylva, K. (1976) Play. New York Basic Books.
    142. Bruner, J. E., Olver, R. R. &Greenfield, P. M. (1966) Studies in Cognitive Growth. New York: Wiley.
    143. Buie, D H. (1981) Empathy. JAPA, 29.
    144. Burgner, M. & Edgeumble, R. (1972) Some problems in the conceptualization of early object relationships. PSOC, 27.
    145. Call, J. ed. (1979) Basic Handbook of Child Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books.
    146. Carroll, G. (1956) Language, Thought and Reality. Cambridge & London: M. I. T. Press & John Wiley.
    147. Cavenar, J. O. & Nash, J. L. (1976) The effects of Combat on the normal personality. Comprehensive Psychiat., 17.
    148. Chassequet-Smirgel, J. (1978) Reflections on the connection between perversion and sadism. IJP, 59.
    149. Chomsky, N. (1978) Language and unconscious knowledge. In: Psychoanalysis and Language, ed. J. H. Smith. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, vol. 3.
    150. Clower, V. (1975) Significance of masturbation in female sexual development and function. In: Masturbation from Infancy to Senescence, ed. I. Marcus & J. Francis. New York: Int. Uni" Press.
    151. Coen, S. J. & Bradlow, P. A. (1982) Twin transference as a compromise formation. JAPA, 30.
    152. Compton, A. Object and relationships. PMC. Forthcoming.
    153. Cullen, W. (1777) First Lines of the Practice of Psysic. Edinburgh: Bell, Brandfute.
    154. Curtis, B. C. (1969) Psychoanalytic understanding and treatment of impotence. In: Sexual Function and Dysfunction, ed. P. J. Fink & V. B. O. Hummett. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
    155. Darwin, C. (1874) The Descent of Man. New York: Hurst.
    156. Davidoff-Hirsch, H. (1985) Oedipal and preoedipal phenomena. JAPA, 33.
    157. Davis, M. & Wallbridge, D. (1981) Boundary and Space. New York: Brunner-Mazel.
    158. Deutsch, H. (1932) Homosexuality in women. PQ, 1.
    159. Deutsch, H. (1934) Some forms of emotional disturbance and their relationship to schizophrenia. PQ, 11.
    160. Deutsch, H. (1937) Absence of grief. PQ, 6.
    161. Deutsch, H. (1942) Some forms of emotional disturbance and their relationship to schizophrenia. PQ, 11.
    162. Deutsch, H. (1955) The impostor. In: Neuroses and Character Types. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1965.
    163. Devereux, G. (1953) Why Oedipus killed Lains. IJP, 34.
    164. Dewald, P. (1982) Psychoanalytic perspectives On resistance. In: resistance, Psychodynamics. and Behavioral Approaches, ed. P. Wachtel. New York: Plenum Press.
    165. Dickes, R. (1963) Fetishistic behavior. JAPA. 11.
    166. Dickes, R. (1965) The defensive function of an altered state of consciousness. JAPA, 13.
    167. Dickes, R. (1967) Severe regressive disruption of the therapeutic alliance. JAPA, 15.
    168. Dickes, R. (1981) Sexual myths and misinformation. In: Understanding Human Behaviour in Health and Illness, ed. R. C. Simon & H. Pardes. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
    169. Dorpat, T. L. (1985) Denial and Defense in the Therapeutic Situation. New York: Jason Aronson.
    170. Downey, T. W. (1978) Transitional phenomena in the analysis of early adolescent males. PSOC, 33.
    171. Dunbar, F. (1954) Emotions and Bodily Functions. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    172. Easson, W. M. (1973) The earliest ego development, primitive memory traces, and the Isakower phenomenon. PQ, 42.
    173. Edelheit, H. (1971) Mythopoiesis and the primal scene. Psychoanal. Study Society, 5.
    174. Edgcumbe, R. & Burgner, M. (1972) Some problems in the conceptualization of early object relation ships, part I. PSOC, 27.
    175. Edgcumbe, R. & Burgner, M. (1975) The phallicnarcissistic phase. PSOC, 30.
    176. Eidelberg, L. (1960) A third contribution to the study of slips of the tongue. IJP, 41.
    177. Eidelberg, L. (1968) Encyclopedia of Psychoanalysis. New York: The Free Press; London: Collier-MacMillan.
    178. Eissler, K. R. (1953) The effect of the structure of the ego on psychoanalytic technique. JAPA, 1.
    179. Ellenberg, H. F. (1970) The Discovery of the Unconscious. New York: Basic Books.
    180. Emde, R. N. (1980) Toward a psychoanalytic theory of affect: I. & G. H. Pollock. Washington NYMH.
    181. Emde R., Gaensbaner, T. & Harmon R. (1976) Emotional Expression in Infancy. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    182. Erode R. & Harmon, R. J. (1972) Endogenous and exogenous smiling systems in early infancy. J. Amer. Acad. Child Psychiat., 11.
    183. Engel, G. L. (1962) Psychological Development in Health and Disease. New York Saunders.
    184. Engel, G. L. (1967) Psychoanalytic theory of somatic disorder. JAPA, 15.
    185. Engel, G. L. (1968) A reconsideration of the role of conversion in somatic disease. Compr. Psychiat., 94.
    186. English, H. B. & English, A. C. (1958) A comprehensive Dictionary of Psychological and Psychoanalytical Terms. New York: David McKay.
    187. Erard, R. (1983) New wine in old skins. Int. Rev. Psychoanal., 10.
    188. Erdelyi, M. H. (1985) Psychoanalysis. New York: W. H. Freeman.
    189. Erikson, E. H. (1950) Childhood and Society. New York: Norton.
    190. Erikson, E. H. (1956) The concept of ego identity. JAPA, 4.
    191. Erikson, E. H. (1956) The problem of ego identity. JAPA, 4.
    192. Esman, A. H. (1973) The primal scene. PSOC, 28.
    193. Esman, A. H. (1975) The Psychology of Adolescence. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    194. Esman, A. H. (1979) Some reflections on boredom. JAPA, 27.
    195. Esman, A. H. (1983) The "stimulus barrier": a review and reconsideration. PSOC, 38.
    196. Fairbairn, W. R. D. (1952) Psychoanalytic Studies of the Personality. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
    197. Fairbairn, W. R. D. (1954) An Object-Relations Theory of the Personality. New York: Basic Books.
    198. Fairbairn, W. R. D. (1963) Synopsis of an Object-Relations theory of the personality. IJP, 44.
    199. Fawcett, J., Clark, D. C., Scheftner, W. H. & Hedecker, D. (1983) Differences between anhedonia and normal hedonic depressive states. Arch. Gen. Psychiat., 40.
    200. Fenichel, O. (1934) On the psychology of boredom. Collected Papers. New York: Norton, 1953, vol. 1.
    201. Fenichel, O. (1941) Problems of Psychoanalytic Technique. Albany, N. Y.: Psychoanalytic Quaterly.
    202. Fenichel, O. (1945) Character disorders. In: The Psychoanalytic Theory of the Neurosis. New York: Norton.
    203. Fenichel, O. (1945) The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis New York: Norton.
    204. Fenichel, O. (1954) Ego strength and ego weakness. Collected Papers. New York: Norton, vol. 2.
    205. Ferenczi, S. (1909) Introjection and transference. In: Sex in Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books.
    206. Ferenczi, S. (191617) Disease or patho-neurosis. The Theory and Technique of Psychoanalysis. London: Hogarth Press, 1950.
    207. Ferenczi, S. (1925) Psychoanalysis of sexual habits. In: The Theory and Technique of Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books.
    208. Fine, B. D., Joseph, E. D. & Waldhorn, H. F., eds. (1971) Recollection and Reconstruction in Psychoanalysis. Monograph 4, Kris Study Group. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    209. Fink, G. (1967) Analysis of the Isakower phenomenon. JAPA, 15.
    210. Fink, P. J. (1970) Correlation between "actual" neurosis and the work of Masters and Johson. P. Q, 39.
    211. Finkenstein, L. (1975) Awe premature ejaculation. P. Q, 44.
    212. Firestein, S. K. (1978) A review of the literature. In: Termination in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    213. Fisher, C. et. al. (1957) A study of the preliminary stages of the construction of dreams and images. JAPA, 5.
    214. Fisher, C. et. al. (1968) Cycle of penile erection synchronous with dreaming (REM) sleep. Arch. Gen. Psychiat., 12.
    215. Fliess, R. (1942) The metapsychology of the analyst. PQ, 12.
    216. Fliess, R. (1953) The Revival of Interest in the Dream. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    217. Fodor, N. & Gaynor, F. (1950) Freud: Dictionary of Psycho-analysis. New York: Philosophical Library.
    218. Fordham, M. (1969) Children as Individuals. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
    219. Fordham, M. (1976) The Self and Autism. London: Academic Press.
    220. Fraiberg, S. (1969) Object constancy and mental representation. PSOC, 24.
    221. Frank, A. Metapsychology. PMS. Forthcoming.
    222. Frank, A. & Muslin, H. (1967) The development of Freud's concept of primal repression. PSOC, 22.
    223. Frank, H. (1977) Dynamic patterns for failure in college students. Can. Psychiat. Ass. J., 22.
    224. French, T. & Fromm, E. (1964) Dream Interpretation. New York: Basic Books.
    225. Freud, A. (1936) The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    226. Freud, A. (1951) Observations on child development. PSOC, 6.
    227. Freud, A. (1952) The mutual influences in the development of ego and id. WAF, 4.
    228. Freud, A. (1958) Adolescence. WAF, 5.
    229. Freud, A. (1962) Assessment of childhood disturbances. PSOC, 17.
    230. Freud, A. (1962) Comments on psychic trauma. In: Furst (1967).
    231. Freud, A. (1963) The concept of developmental lines. PSOC, 18.
    232. Freud, A. (1965) Assessment of pathology, part 2. WAF, 6.
    233. Freud, A. (1965) Normality and Pathology in Childhood. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    234. Freud, A. (1970) The infantile neurosis. WAF, 7.
    235. Freud, A. (1971) Comments on aggression. IJP, 53.
    236. Freud, A. (1971) The infantile neurosis. PSOC, 26.
    237. Freud, A. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    238. Freud, S. (1887—1902) Letters to Wilhelm Fliess. New York: Basic Books, 1954.
    239. Freud, S. (1891) On the interpretation of the aphasias. SE, 3.
    240. Freud, S. (1893—95) Studies on hysteria. SE, 2.
    241. Freud, S. (1894) The neuropsychoses of defence. SE, 3.
    242. Freud, S. (1895) On the ground for detaching a particular syndrome from neurasthenia under the description "anxiety neurosis". SE, 3.
    243. Freud, S. (1895) Project for a scientific psychology. SE, 1.
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    Словарь психоаналитических терминов и понятий > БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

  • 26 П-368

    НА ПЕРВЫХ ПОРАХ PrepP Invar adv fixed WO
    during the initial period (of some activity, process, s.o. 's stay somewhere etc): at (in) the (very) beginning
    at first at the start (the outset) in the early days early on.
    Одам инстинктивно боялся перемен... Убежав из племени, совершив поступок грандиозный и революционный, он пытался тотчас как бы забыть начисто об этом и жить как можно более похоже на то, как жилось ему раньше. На первых порах он стал даже более косным, чем был прежде (Обухова 1). Odam instinctively feared any changes....Having left the tribe, having committed a stupendous, revolutionary act, he tried, as it were, to forget it as completely as he could and live as much as possible as he had lived before. In the beginning, he had even become more rigid in his ways than he had been before (1a).
    Я до того испугался неожиданного появления отца, что даже на первых порах не заметил, откуда он шёл и куда исчез (Тургенев 3). I was so frightened by my father's unexpected appearance that at first I did not even notice whence he had come or where he went (3c).
    Не могу врать...» - «Надо научиться»... Но на первых порах я была не очень понятливой ученицей... (Гинзбург 1). "Well, I can't tell lies." "Then you had better learn, hadn't you?"...At the start I showed little talent... (1a).
    ...Когда (мать) была недовольна отцом, то молчала. На первых порах это, наверно, мучило отца... (Рыбаков 1). When she (mother) was displeased with father, she fell silent. In the early days this must have tormented him... (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > П-368

  • 27 на первых порах

    [PrepP; Invar; adv; fixed WO]
    =====
    ⇒ during the initial period (of some activity, process, s.o.'s stay somewhere etc):
    - early on.
         ♦ Одам инстинктивно боялся перемен... Убежав из племени, совершив поступок грандиозный и революционный, он пытался тотчас как бы забыть начисто об этом и жить как можно более похоже на то, как жилось ему раньше. На первых порах он стал даже более косным, чем был прежде (Обухова 1). Odam instinctively feared any changes....Having left the tribe, having committed a stupendous, revolutionary act, he tried, as it were, to forget it as completely as he could and live as much as possible as he had lived before. In the beginning, he had even become more rigid in his ways than he had been before (1a).
         ♦ Я до того испугался неожиданного появления отца, что даже на первых порах не заметил, откуда он шёл и куда исчез (Тургенев 3). I was so frightened by my father's unexpected appearance that at first I did not even notice whence he had come or where he went (3c).
         ♦ "Не могу врать..." - "Надо научиться"... Но на первых порах я была не очень понятливой ученицей... (Гинзбург 1). "Well, I can't tell lies." "Then you had better learn, hadn't you?"...At the start I showed little talent... (1a).
         ♦... Когда [ мать] была недовольна отцом, то молчала. На первых порах это, наверно, мучило отца... (Рыбаков 1). When she [mother] was displeased with father, she fell silent. In the early days this must have tormented him... (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > на первых порах

  • 28 подход

    approach
    • Альтернативный подход использует такие понятия как... - The alternative approach uses notions such as...
    • Альтернативный подход содержится в идее... - An alternative approach is contained in the idea of...
    • Альтернативным подходом является (его) запись (в виде)... - An alternative approach is to write...
    • Более научным подходом является... - A more scientific approach is to...
    • Более простой подход получается, если заметить, что... - A simpler approach is to observe that...
    • Более удовлетворительный подход описывается ниже. - A better approach is as follows.
    • Более успешный подход заключался в том, чтобы использовать... - A more successful approach has been to use...
    • Будут упомянуты три возможных подхода. - Three possible approaches will be mentioned.
    • В данной главе рассматривается еще один подход... - This chapter is concerned with yet another approach to...
    • В данном подходе имеется неявное предположение, что... - Implicit in this viewpoint is the assumption that...
    • В данном случае можно использовать другой подход. - In this case a different approach can be used.
    • В основном, различные подходы приводят к... - Different approaches will, in general, lead to...
    • В этой главе будут описываться два подхода... - This chapter will describe two approaches to...
    • Вместо этого можно воспользоваться эмпирическим подходом. - Instead, an empirical approach can be adopted.
    • Возможно, это разумный подход. - This is probably a sensible approach.
    • Данный подход должен быть изменен так, чтобы он учитывал тот факт, что... - The approach must be modified to accommodate the fact that...
    • Данный подход наиболее соответствует исследуемой задаче. - This approach is best matched to the problem under consideration.
    • Данный подход нарушает основной принцип... - This approach violates the basic principle of...
    • Данный подход показывает, что... - The present approach shows that...
    • Другие подходы к той же задаче будут намечены ниже. - The different approaches to this problem will be outlined below.
    • Другой подход поддерживался Смитом [1]. - A different approach was advocated by Smith [1].
    • Еще одним подходом является... - Still another approach is to...
    • Заслуживает упоминания другой подход к проблеме этого типа. - Another approach to problems of this type is worthy of notice.
    • Более удовлетворительный подход это... - A much more satisfactory approach is to...
    • Можно принять/предложить более детализированный подход... -It is possible to adopt/to choose/to take/to use a more detailed approach to...
    • Мы обсудим три общих подхода. - We shall discuss three general approaches.
    • Мы решили использовать более эмпирический подход. - We decided to adopt a more empirical approach.
    • Наиболее простым подходом является... - The most primitive approach is to...
    • Неадекватность чисто вычислительных подходов к данной проблеме усиливала необходимость в... - The inadequacy of purely computational approaches to the problem intensified the need for...
    • Один интересный альтернативный подход начинается с... - An interesting alternative approach begins with...
    • Один очень интересный подход был предложен Смитом [1]. - A very interesting approach has been proposed by Smith [1].
    • Однако подобный подход не является удовлетворительным, поскольку... - Such an approach, however, is usually not satisfactory because...
    • Разработчики использовали различные подходы, чтобы получить... - Designers have used various approaches in arriving at...
    • Совершенно другой подход базируется на... - A fundamentally different approach is based on...
    • Тем самым предлагается другой подход к проблеме... - This suggests another approach to the problem of...
    • Успех такого подхода будет определяться... - The success of this attack will be determined by...
    • Что теряется в подобном подходе - это... - What is lacking in such an approach is...
    • Эдисон изобрел новый подход к... - Edison invented a new way to...
    • Эта глава представляет один подход к решению... - This chapter presents one approach to the solution of...
    • Эти два подхода связаны тем обстоятельством, что... - The two aspects are related by the fact that...
    • Эти темы покрывают три различных подхода к истории математики. - The topics covered span three different approaches to the history of mathematics.
    • Это подход, предложенный Смитом [1]. - This is the approach suggested by Smith [1].
    • Этот подход был впервые опробован Смитом [1]. - This approach was first attempted by Smith [1].
    • Этот подход был использован при изучении... - This approach has been used in the study of...
    • Этот подход доказал свою полезность в определении ранних стадий... - This approach has proven useful in identifying the early stages of...
    • Этот подход имеет то преимущество, что... - This approach has the advantage that...
    • Этот подход может быть успешным лишь если... - This approach can succeed only if...
    • Этот подход особенно привлекателен ввиду... - This approach is especially attractive in view of...
    • Этот подход очень полезен при анализе эффектов (чего-л). - This approach is very useful in analyzing the effects of...
    • Этот подход предлагает существенные математические преимущества, потому что... - This approach offers considerable mathematical advantages, because...
    • Этот подход принимается, поскольку... - This approach is adopted because...
    • Этот подход требует солидного (обеспечения и т. п.)... - This approach requires a good deal of...
    • Этот фундаментальный подход полезен при решении... - This fundamental approach is useful in solving...

    Русско-английский словарь научного общения > подход

  • 29 предполагать

    (= предположить) assume, presuppose, suppose, expect, fancy, intend, imagine, speculate
    • Без потери общности можно предположить, что х < 1, так как... - No generality is lost by assuming x < 1, since...
    • Без потери общности можно предположить, что... - There is no loss of generality in assuming that...
    • Более точно, предположим, что... - More precisely, we shall suppose that...
    • Будем временно предполагать, что... - We will tentatively assume that...; For now, we will assume that...; For the time being we will assume that...
    • Будем также предполагать... - We shall also assume...
    • Было бы неверно предполагать, что... - It would be wrong to assume that...
    • В любом случае, разумно предположить, что... - In any case, it is reasonable to suppose that...
    • В нашем изложении мы уже предположили, что... - We have assumed in our exposition that...
    • В нескольких следующих примерах мы будем предполагать для удобства, что... - In the next few examples we will assume for convenience that...
    • В оставшейся части нашего анализа мы будем предполагать, что... - We shall assume for the remainder of this analysis that...
    • В предыдущем рассмотрении мы автоматически предполагали, что... - In the above treatment, it has been tacitly assumed that...
    • В старой литературе было принято предполагать, что... - In the early literature, it was usual to assume that...
    • В частности, мы предполагаем знакомство (читателя) с... - In particular, we assume familiarity with...
    • В частности, предположим, что возможно... - In particular, suppose it is possible to...
    • В этой формуле мы все еще не предположили, что... - In this formula we have not yet assumed that...
    • Вместо этого мы должны предположить, что... - Instead, we must assume that...
    • Временно будем предполагать, что... - We will assume for the time being that...
    • Временно предположим, что... - We shall assume for the moment that...
    • Всюду в этом параграфе мы предполагали, что... - Throughout this section we have assumed that...
    • Всюду далее мы предполагаем, что... - We shall suppose throughout that...
    • Далее предполагаем, что... - Assuming further that...
    • Для определенности давайте предположим, что... - То be specific let us assume that...
    • Для определенности мы предположим, что... - For definiteness we shall suppose that...
    • Для сохранения аргументации давайте предположим, что... - Let us assume for the sake of argument that...
    • Для того, чтобы это сравнение имело смысл, мы дополнительно предполагаем, что... - For the comparison to be meaningful, we also assume that...
    • Для удобства мы предполагаем, что... - For the sake of convenience we have assumed that...
    • До сих пор мы не предполагали, что... - So far we have not assumed that...
    • Допустимо предполагать, что... - It is permissible to assume that...
    • Естественно предполагать, что... - It would appear reasonable that...
    • Здесь уже было предположено, что... - It has been assumed, of course, that...
    • Интуитивно кажется разумным предположить, что... - It is intuitively reasonable to suppose that...
    • Интуитивно мы бы предположили, что... - Intuitively we would suppose that...
    • Исходя из этой модели, можно было бы предположить, что... - From this model one may expect that...
    • К примеру, можно было бы предположить, что... - It might, for example, be conjectured that...
    • Кажется разумным предполагать... - It seems reasonable to conjecture that...
    • Кажется разумным предположить, что... - It seems reasonable to assume that...
    • Как и ранее, мы будем предполагать, что... - We shall assume as before that...
    • Можно предположить, что... - It can be assumed that...; It may be supposed that...; One may conjecture that...
    • Можно с уверенностью предположить, что... - It is safe to assume that...; It may be safely suggested that...
    • Можно смело предположить, что... - It is plausible to assume that...
    • Мы будем предполагать присутствие... - We shall assume the presence of...
    • Мы будем предполагать, что читатель обладает очевидной интуитивной концепцией (= идеей)... - We shall assume that the reader has a clear intuitive idea of...
    • Мы всегда будем предполагать, что... - We will always assume that...
    • Мы вынуждены предположить, что... - One is tempted to surmise that...
    • Мы могли бы предположить это (исходя) из... - We might suspect this from...
    • Мы могли бы также предположить, что... - We might also conjecture that...
    • Мы молчаливо предполагаем, что... - We tacitly assume that...
    • Мы не будем заранее предполагать, что... - We do not presume to...
    • Мы неявно предположили, что... - We have implicitly supposed A to be continuous on...
    • Мы предполагаем без обсуждения, что... - We assume without discussion that...
    • Мы предполагаем лишь очень небольшое знание... - We assume very little knowledge of...
    • Мы предполагаем, что это условие выполнено. - We assume this condition to be fulfilled.
    • На основе своих наблюдений Смит [1] предположил, что... - Smith [1] conjectured from his observations that...
    • На этом этапе мы не можем предполагать, что... - At this stage we cannot assume that...
    • Например, предположим, что... - For instance, suppose that...
    • Например, предположим, что мы хотим... - Suppose, for example, that we wish to...
    • Начиная с этого момента, предположим, что... - Let us assume from now on that...
    • Нет оснований предполагать, что... - There is no reason to suppose that...
    • Один способ продолжить это состоит в том, чтобы предположить, что... - One way of proceeding is to suppose that...
    • Однако было бы совершенно неверно предполагать, что... - It would be very wrong to assume, however, that...
    • Однако не так уж очевидно, что справедливо предположить, что... - However, it is not obviously valid to assume that...
    • Однако нельзя предполагать, что... - It cannot be assumed, however, that...
    • Однако предположим, что мы хотим получить... - But suppose that we wish to obtain...
    • Однако теперь мы предположим, что... - For the present, however, we shall assume that...
    • Однако этот результат действительно предполагает, что... - The result does assume, however, that...
    • Основываясь на этих примерах, мы могли бы предположить, что... - Based on these examples, one might conjecture that...
    • Остается лишь возможность предположить, что... - The remaining possibility is to assume that...
    • Очевидно, что нам не требуется предполагать, что... - It is evidently unnecessary to suppose that...
    • По причинам, которые станут ясны позднее, мы предполагаем, что... - We assume, for reasons which will become apparent, that...
    • Повсюду в данной главе мы будем предполагать, что... - Throughout this chapter we have assumed that...
    • Предварительно мы предполагаем, что... - Tentatively we assume that...
    • Предположим на минуту, что... - Assume for the moment that...
    • Предположим от противного, что... - Suppose, by contradiction, that...
    • Предположим, что... - Let us suppose that...
    • Предположим, что вместо этого мы заинтересованы в... - Suppose instead that we are interested in...
    • Предположим, что мы желаем найти... - Let us suppose that we wish to find...
    • Принято предполагать, что... - It is customary to assume that...; It is commonly supposed that...
    • Рекомендуется предположить, что... - It is tempting to assume that...
    • С целью анализа мы предположим... - For purposes of analysis we shall assume...
    • С целью упростить обозначения, мы предполагаем, что... - For simplicity of notation, we assume that...
    • Самое главное, мы не можем предположить в общем случае, что... - Above all, we cannot assume in general that...
    • Следовательно, мы всегда будем предполагать, что... - Henceforth we shall always assume that...
    • Следовательно, мы предполагаем (не зная того точно), что... - We presume, therefore, that...
    • Следовательно, разумно предположить, что... - It is thus reasonable to assume/suppose that...
    • Сначала предположили, что... - Initially, it was supposed that...
    • Справедливо предполагалось, что... - It was correctly reasoned that...; It was correctly supposed that...
    • Считалось разумным предполагать, что... -jit was considered reasonable to assume that...
    • Такая точка зрения предполагает, что... - This view presumes that...
    • Теперь мы можем предположить, что... - We may now suppose that...
    • Теперь мы предполагаем, что... - At this point, we assume that...
    • Теперь мы предположим, что... - For now we assume that...
    • Теперь, хотя мы в этом и не уверены, предположим, что... - Let us now assume tentatively that...
    • Чтобы доказать (эту) теорему, во-первых, предположим, что... - То prove the theorem, suppose first that...
    • Чтобы объяснить получившийся результат, мы могли бы предположить, что... - То explain the above result, we could suppose that...
    • Чтобы получить неявное выражение для /(ж) предположим, что... - То obtain an explicit expression for f(x), suppose that...
    • Чтобы попытаться исключить это затруднение, давайте предположим, что... - In an attempt to remove this difficulty, let us assume that...
    • Чтобы проанализировать, мы предположим... - For purposes of analysis we shall assume...
    • Чтобы проиллюстрировать (это), предположим, что... - By way of illustration, suppose that...
    • Чтобы проиллюстрировать это наиболее простым примером, предположим, что... - То take the simplest possible illustration, suppose that...
    • Чтобы упростить задачу, давайте предположим, что... -То simplify the problem, let us suppose that...
    • Чтобы учесть данный факт, Максвелл предположил, что... - То account for this fact, Maxwell supposed that...

    Русско-английский словарь научного общения > предполагать

  • 30 техника

    technology, engineering, techniques
    • В этом параграфе мы наметим элементы техники, используемой для... - In this section we outline the techniques used to...
    • Возможно разработать технику, чтобы... - It is possible to devise techniques to...
    • Возможно, наиболее известной техникой является та, где привлекается... - Probably the most well-known technique is that involving...
    • Вполне разумная техника была разработана для... - Quite subtle techniques have been devised for...
    • Данная техника может также быть ценной для... - The technique can also be of value in helping to...
    • Данная техника стала чуть более популярной в начале 1970-х годов. - The technique gained a modest amount of popularity in the early 1970s.
    • Используется техника, где необходимо... - The technique is used where it is necessary to...
    • Используя эту технику, можно (показать и т. п.)... - Using this technique, it is possible to...
    • Как только техника была освоена,... - Once the technique has been mastered,...
    • Какая бы техника ни использовалась, в основном всегда будет... - Whichever technique is used, there will generally be...
    • Однако данная техника полезна как учебная. - However, the technique is useful as a teaching tool.
    • Подобная техника используется для... - A similar technique is used for...
    • Следующий пример дает иллюстрацию этой техники. - The following example illustrates the technique.
    • Так как нет доступной техники для... - Since there is no available technique for...
    • Теперь мы опишем общую технику для... - We now describe a general technique for...
    • Техника (= метод), с помощью которой это было получено, известна как... - The technique by which this is achieved is known as...
    • Техника для преодоления данной трудности состоит в том, чтобы... - The technique for overcoming the difficulty is to...
    • Чтобы изучить..., была развита (некоторая) техника. - A technique has been developed to study...
    • Эта техника готова для применения к... - The technique lends itself readily to...
    • Эта техника заменяется использованием... - This technique is being replaced by the use of...
    • Эта техника первоначальна разрабатывалась в физике. - This technique was developed originally in physics.
    • Мы сейчас продемонстрируем эту технику, используя... - This technique will now be demonstrated using...
    • Эта техника, например, использовалась, для... - This technique was used, for example, to...

    Русско-английский словарь научного общения > техника

  • 31 срок

    м.

    срок платежа́ — due date; (по векселю, облигации тж.) maturity date

    срок наста́л — it is time, the time has come

    кра́йний / преде́льный срок — deadline

    срок го́дности — см. годность

    срок хране́ния — shelf (storage) life

    срок слу́жбы (оборудования) — lifetime, service life

    к сроку, в срок — in time

    к усло́вленному сроку, в ука́занный срок — by the time fixed, by the deadline

    успева́ть по срокам — meet the deadline

    до срока — early, ahead of time / schedule

    выполня́ть рабо́ту в напряжённые сроки — work on a tight schedule

    на срок — for a period, for some time

    в кратча́йшие сроки — as soon as possible; with the shortest possible delay

    срок аре́нды — term / period of lease

    срок обуче́ния — term of study

    срок вое́нной слу́жбы — call-up period

    срок де́йствия догово́ра — (validity) period of a treaty or contract

    срок да́вности юр. — prescription, term of limitation

    срок полномо́чий — term of office

    избира́ть сроком на три го́да — elect for a term of three years

    сроком до двух [трёх] ме́сяцев — within two [three] months

    э́тот ве́ксель сроком на три́дцать дней — this bill runs thirty days

    по истече́нии срока — when the time expires, at the expiration [-pə-] of the period

    за коро́ткий срок — in a short / brief [briːf] space of time

    служи́ть срок в а́рмии — serve time in the army

    отсиде́ть срок — serve / do time in prison

    ••

    сроком на в знач. предл. — for a term / period of

    догово́р заключён сроком на оди́н год — the contract has been made for a term / period of one year

    да́й(те) срок разг. — wait a bit, have patience; give me time

    Новый большой русско-английский словарь > срок

  • 32 срок

    1) (промежуток времени) term, period, duration

    продлить срок въездной / выездной визы — to extend the validity of the entry / exit visa

    предельный срок — time limit, deadline

    срок действия договора — duration pf a treaty, term of validity

    окончание срока действия (договора / соглашения и т.п.) — expiration

    срок исполнения — deadline, time allowed

    срок, оговорённый контрактом — contract date

    срок платежа — date fixed for payment; time of payment

    срок полномочий — term of office / appointment / tenure

    срок поставки — date / time / term of delivery

    срок службы — term of service, stint

    в годичный срок — within a year / twelve-months

    в кратчайший срок — within the shortest possible time, in a very short (space of) time

    в надлежащий срок — in due course, at the appointed time

    2) (предельный момент) deadline, date, time
    3) юр.

    срок давности по делам нацистских (военных) преступников — statute of limitations for nazi crimes

    срок (тюремного) заключения — term of imprisonment

    Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > срок

  • 33 вначале

    •

    On the far side of the Moon a similar powder will remain fixed at the place where it originally (or initially) fell upon the surface.

    •

    Chemists originally believed that...

    •

    At first (or In the beginning, or Initially) the machine operated trouble free.

    •

    At the outset (or From the start) it seemed possible that...

    •

    Early in the game we built a sled on which we mounted the exposure chamber.

    * * *
    Вначале -- initially, originally, first, at first, in the beginning, at the outset (сначала); at the time (когда-то в прошлом); at the start of, at the beginning of (в начале чего-либо)
     Initially a literature survey was made on the mechanisms of salt deposition processes.
     First the size V of the vessel to be protected is found on the abscissa.
     The pure conduction theory and the experimental data agreed very well initially.
     Several of the early scans produced results which at first appeared to indicate appreciable wastage.
     The wear particles may not be too hard in the beginning but become harder due to cold working.
     A check of the records showed, what was not considered important at the time, that the fatigue samples in these cases came from different heats.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > вначале

  • 34 в ближайшее время

    1) General subject: before long, early, in the near future, some day, in the next while (I'd normally be working but this was the only time we could get all 3 kids to Santa in the next while.), for the next little while (I'm still going to be largely absent for the next little while.), any day now (http://www.wvec.com/news/topstories/stories/wvec_local_031709_eagle_egg_hatching.445212fb.html), in the next little while, in the closest time, in the nearest time, any time soon, in the short term, soon
    2) Colloquial: anytime soon
    4) Law: shortly
    5) Economy: at an early date
    6) Makarov: in the short run

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > в ближайшее время

  • 35 вначале

    •

    On the far side of the Moon a similar powder will remain fixed at the place where it originally (or initially) fell upon the surface.

    •

    Chemists originally believed that...

    •

    At first (or In the beginning, or Initially) the machine operated trouble free.

    •

    At the outset (or From the start) it seemed possible that...

    •

    Early in the game we built a sled on which we mounted the exposure chamber.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > вначале

  • 36 справляться

    •

    Rats subjected to shocks and other stresses in early life developed normally and were able to cope ( well) with stresses later.

    •

    The amount of cooling surface must be adequate to cope with the maximum possible heat loading.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > справляться

  • 37 скоро

    1) General subject: anon, around the corner (АД + МТ), before long, early, fast, in a few minutes, in a hurry, in a little while, in a short time, near at hand, overnight, quick, quickly, round the corner, shortly, some of these days, soon, speedily, swift, play fast and loose, coming soon (в сочетании с глаголом или указанием места)
    2) American: pronto
    4) Religion: apace

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > скоро

  • 38 Ч-65

    К ЧЕМУ coll PrepP Invar adv used in questions and subord clauses (often without a verb))
    1. for what purpose
    what for?
    whatever for? what's the use (the point) (of...)? (in limited contexts) why (on earth)?
    к чему этот разговор (к чему вы мне это говорите и т. п.)? - what are you driving at?
    what is (all) this leading to?
    (Беляев:) Отдайте ей эту записку и скажите... Нет, не говорите ей ничего. К чему? (Тургенев 1). (В.:) Give her this note and tell her- No, don't tell her anything. What's the use? (1b).
    ...Я отмахивалась почти с досадой, когда Антон уже несколько раз повторял мне, что у него появилась надежда на досрочное освобождение. К чему такие детские разговоры! (Гинзбург 2). I was incredulous and almost annoyed when Anton kept telling me that he now had hopes of early release. What was the point of such childish talk? (2a).
    ...K чему же эта дуэль, это убийство? Или я убью его, или он попадёт мне в голову, в локоть, в коленку. Уйти отсюда, бежать, зарыться куда-нибудь» (Толстой 5). "...Why this duel, this murder? Either I shall kill him, or he will put a bullet into my head, my elbow or my knee. Can't I get away from here, run away, bury myself somewhere?" (5a).
    «Но к чему я говорю вам это всё? Для вас ведь это кимвал бряцающий, пустые звуки» (Пастернак 1). "But why on earth am I telling you all this? To you it must be the tinkling of a cymbal-just words" (1a).
    Репников:) Послушайте, Колесов, я признаю ваши способности. Но учтите, способных людей много. Очень много. Гораздо больше, чем учёных. Не правда ли? (Колесов:) Владимир Алексеевич, к чему этот разговор? (Вампилов 3). (R.:) Listen, Kolesov, I recognize your abilities. But remember, there are a lot of capable people. A great many. Far more than there are scientists. Isn't that true? (K.:) Vladimir Alekseyevich, what are you driving at? (3b). (R.:) Listen, Koliosov, I admit you have ability. But bear in mind that there are many able people. A great many. A lot more than there are scientists. Isn't that so? (K.:) Vladimir Alekseevich, what's all this leading to? (3a).
    2. what the significance or possible consequences of sth. are: к чему (бы) это? - what could that mean?
    why should this (that) be?
    "У нас мулица ожеребилась... К чему бы это?»... - «Не положено по природе. Хотим узнать, что предзнаменует» (Искандер 5). "Our mule has foaled....Why should this be?"..."It's not supposed to happen in nature. We want to find out what it portends" (5a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Ч-65

  • 39 выражать

    (= выразить) express, convey
    • Автор выражает свою искреннюю благодарность (проф. Иванову)... - The author expresses his sincere appreciation to...
    • Более удобно выразить это (соотношение, решение и т. п.) в терминах... - This is more conveniently expressed in terms of...
    • Во-первых, мы хотели бы выразить нашу благодарность... - Firstly, we wish to express our thanks to...
    • Можно грубо выразить (= сформулировать) тот же результат, говоря, что... - This result is expressed roughly by saying that...
    • Другим способом выразить то же самое является... - Another way of expressing this is...
    • Многие пользователи выразили свое разочарование (= неудовлетворение) в... - Many customers have expressed their dissatisfaction with...
    • Мы выражаем свою благодарность профессору Смиту, который... - Our thanks are also due to Prof. Smith, who...
    • Мы могли бы выразить это, сказав, что... - We may express this by saying that...
    • Мы можем выразить данное соотношение в терминах следующей формулы. - We can express the relation in terms of the following formula.
    • Мы можем выразить это более формально следующим образом. - A more formal way of saying this is as follows.
    • Мы можем выразить это другим способом, сказав, что... - We can put this another way by saying that...
    • Мы можем выразить это явно, написав... - We can make this explicit by writing...
    • Наконец, мы выражаем свою благодарность проф. Смиту за... - Finally, thanks are due to due to Prof. Smith for...
    • Однако относительно... были выражены сомнения. - But doubts have been expressed about...
    • Первые исследователи выражали разочарование относительно того факта, что... - Early workers expressed disappointment over the fact that...
    • Поучительно выразить соотношение (4) в терминах... - It is instructive to express (4) in terms of...
    • Принято выражать... - It is customary to express...
    • Следуя подобным образом, мы могли бы выразить... - Following a similar procedure, we may express...
    • Также я хочу выразить свою искреннюю благодарность... - I also want'to express my sincere thanks to...
    • Таким образом, возможно выразить F в терминах... - It is therefore possible to express F in terms of...
    • Теперь мы выразим это более формально. - We now express this more formally.
    • Теперь мы продолжим выражать... - We now proceed to express...
    • Эта мысль (= идея) выражается более точно в... - This idea is expressed more precisely in...
    • Это может быть формально выражено следующим образом. - This may be expressed formally as follows.
    • Это условие может быть выражено как... - This condition can be expressed as...
    • Я должен выразить свою благодарность (профессору)... - I must express my thanks to...

    Русско-английский словарь научного общения > выражать

  • 40 доказывать

    (= доказать, обосновать, показать, см. также проверять) prove, demonstrate, show, establish
    • В качестве более сложного примера мы докажем, что... - As a slightly harder example we prove that...
    • В общем случае можно доказать, что... - In general, it is possible to prove that...
    • В результате теперь достаточно лишь доказать, что... - Consequently it is enough to prove that...
    • Вдобавок можно доказать, что... - In fact it can be proved that...
    • Гильберт был первым, кто доказал, что... - Hilbert was the first to prove that...
    • Для того, чтобы доказать этот результат, мы должны, во-первых, вычислить... - In order to prove this result we must first calculate...
    • Докажем теперь обобщение теоремы 1. - We now prove a generalization of Theorem 1.
    • Полезность данной теории еще необходимо доказать. - The utility of this theory has yet to be demonstrated.
    • Иногда весьма трудно доказать, что... - It is sometimes quite difficult to prove that...
    • Исходя из этих сведений, легко доказать, что... - From these facts it is easy to prove that...
    • Итак, мы уже доказали, что... - We have thus proved that...
    • Как и ранее, (нам) достаточно доказать... - As before, it is sufficient to prove...
    • Мы все еще должны доказать, что... - We still must show that...
    • Мы докажем эту теорему при дополнительном предположении, что... - We prove this theorem subject to the extra assumption that...
    • Мы докажем, что... - We deduce that...
    • Мы доказали следующий результат. - We have proved the following result.
    • Мы можем доказать правильность соотношения (6), заметив, что... - We can prove the correctness of (6) by observing that...
    • Мы можем доказать это без (особого) труда. - We can prove this without difficulty.
    • Мы надеемся доказать гипотезу Смита в ближайшие годы. - We hope to prove Smith's conjecture within a few years.
    • Мы надеемся доказать, что... - We hope to prove that...
    • Мы надеемся удалить эти ограничения и доказать более общий результат. - We hope to remove these restrictions and prove a more general result.
    • Мы надеемся, что кто-нибудь докажет гипотезу Смита в ближайшие годы. - We hope that someone will prove Smith's conjecture within the next few years.
    • Мы не будем доказывать здесь чрезвычайно правдоподобное утверждение, что... - We will not prove here the very reasonable statement that...
    • Мы не предлагаем доказывать существование... - We do not propose to prove the existence of...
    • Мы только что доказали, что... - We have just proved that...
    • На этом пути мы надеемся доказать существенный результат. - We hope to prove a significant result along these lines.
    • Наконец, мы можем доказать, что... - Finally, we can prove that...
    • Остается доказать, (что)... - It remains to show (that)...
    • Подобное рассуждение доказало бы, что... - A similar argument would prove that...
    • Подобные принципы доказали свою полезность при проектировании... - Similar principles prove helpful in the design of...
    • Подобные рассуждения доказывают следующий результат. - Arguments of the same type prove the following result.
    • Подобные результаты убедительно доказывают, что... - Such results conclusively prove that...
    • Поняв это, мы можем доказать следующее. - With this understanding, we can prove the following.
    • Следовательно, можно доказать, что... -It is therefore justifiable to...
    • Следовательно, мы должны доказать лишь, что... - Hence we have only to prove that...
    • Сначала мы обязаны доказать следующую теорему. - We must first prove the following theorem.
    • Строго говоря, мы доказали лишь, что... - Strictly speaking, we have only proved that...;
    • Тем лее способом мы доказываем, что... - In the same way we prove that...
    • Теперь мы доказываем важную теорему, принадлежащую Банаху. - We now prove an important theorem due to Banach.
    • Теперь мы доказываем два фундаментальных результата. - We now prove two fundamental results.
    • Теперь мы доказываем один фундаментальный результат. - We now prove a fundamental result.
    • Теперь мы можем доказать следующую теорему. - This result enables us to prove the following theorem; We are now able to prove the following theorem; With this result in hand, we can prove the following theorem; With this understanding, we can prove the following theorem; Knowing this, we can prove the following theorem; We can now prove the following theorem; We are now in a position to prove the following theorem; The following theorem is now within our reach; We are now ready for the following theorem.
    • Теперь мы можем сформулировать и доказать... - We are now in a position to state and prove...
    • Теперь мы подготовлены к тому, чтобы сформулировать и доказать... - We are now equipped to state and prove...
    • Теперь это предположение доказано, так как... - This assumption has now been justified, since...
    • Часто бывает проще доказать, что... - It is often easier to prove that...
    • Чтобы доказать обратное, достаточно заметить, что... - То prove the converse it is sufficient to notice that...
    • Чтобы доказать теорему, достаточно показать, что... - То prove the theorem it is sufficient to show that...
    • Чтобы доказать это следствие... - То see the corollary, use Proposition 1 to obtain the needed estimation.
    • Чтобы доказать это утверждение, мы сделаем упрощающее предположение, что... - То prove this statement, we make the simplifying assumption that...
    • Чтобы доказать эту теорему, во-первых, предположим, что... - То prove the theorem, suppose first that...
    • Чтобы доказать эту теорему, недостаточно увидеть, что... - То prove this theorem it is not enough to observe that...
    • Чтобы это доказать, нам остается лишь показать, что... - То prove this we need only show that...
    • Это доказывает лишь то, что... - This proves only that...
    • Это доказывает первое утверждение. - This proves the first assertion.
    • Это доказывает, что... - This proves that...
    • Это можно доказать следующим образом. - This may be proved as follows.
    • Этот подход доказал свою полезность в определении ранних стадий... - This approach has proven useful in identifying the early stages of...
    • что и требовалось доказать (= ч. т. д. ) - Q. E. D.

    Русско-английский словарь научного общения > доказывать

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