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21 engrais
engrais [ɑ̃gʀε]masculine noun* * *ɑ̃gʀɛ* * *ɑ̃ɡʀɛ nm* * *engrais nm inv ( animal) manure; ( chimique) fertilizer; engrais naturel natural fertilizer; mettre un animal à l'engrais to fatten an animal.[ɑ̃grɛ] nom masculinengraiss verts ou végétaux green ou vegetable manure -
22 letame
m manure, dung* * *letame s.m.1 manure, dung: spargere il letame su un campo, to manure a field; (agr.) letame artificiale, artificial fertilizer2 (fig.) dirt, filth.* * *[le'tame]sostantivo maschile1) dung, manure, muck2) fig. muck, filth* * *letame/le'tame/sostantivo m.1 dung, manure, muck2 fig. muck, filth. -
23 naw|óz
m (G nawozu) Roln., Ogr. (zwierzęcy) manure, dressing; (sztuczny) fertilizer- nawóz fosforowy/potasowy a phosphorus/potassium fertilizer- nawóz koński/krowi horse/cow manure- rozrzucać nawóz to spread manure- □ nawozy katalityczne Chem. catalyst fertilizers- nawozy zielone Roln. green manure- nawóz azotowy Chem., Roln. nitrogen fertilizer- nawóz gospodarczy Roln. farmyard manure- nawóz kompleksowy Chem. compound fertilizer, mixed fertilizer US- nawóz mineralny Chem. mineral fertilizer- sztuczny nawóz Chem. (artificial a. chemical) fertilizerThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > naw|óz
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24 Kunstdünger
Kunst·dün·ger martificial fertilizer [or manure] -
25 удобрение
ср.; с.-х.1) (действие) fertilizing, applying fertilizer(s), fertilization; ( унаваживание) manuring2) (вещество) manure, fertilizerискусственное удобрение — artificials, artificial fertilizer
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26 medicamen
mĕdĭcāmen, ĭnis, n. [id.], a drug, medicament, in a good and a bad sense, meaning both a healing substance, remedy, medicine, and, as also medicamentum and the Gr. pharmakon, a poisonous drug, poison (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; only once in Cic.; cf., on the contrary, medicamentum).I.Lit., a remedy, antidote, medicine: violentis medicaminibus curari, * Cic. Pis. 6, 13:B.agrestia medicamina adhibent,
Tac. A. 12, 51:facies medicaminibus interstincta,
plasters, id. ib. 4, 57:medicamen habendum est,
Juv. 14, 254:medicaminis datio vel impositio,
Cod. Just. 6, 23, 28:potentia materni medicaminis,
Pall. 3, 28:tantum (ejus) medicamina possunt quae steriles facit,
Juv. 6, 595.—Trop., a remedy, antidote ( poet.):II.iratae medica mina fortia praebe,
Ov. A. A. 2, 489 sq.. quasso medicamina Imperio circumspectare, Sil. 15, 7, 1.—Transf.A.A poisonous drug, poison:B.infusum delectabili cibo boletorum venenum, nec vim medicaminis statim mtellectam,
Tac. A. 12, 67:noxium,
id. ib. 14, 51:impura,
Flor. 2, 20, 7; Val. Fl. 8, 17.—A coloring-matter, tincture, dye, Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 135:2.croceum,
Luc. 3, 238.—In partic., a paint, wash, cosmetic: est mihi, quo dixi vestrae medicamina formae, Parvus, sed cura grande libellus opus, i. e. the treatise Medicamina faciei, Ov. A. A. 3, 205:C.facies medicamine attrita,
Petr. 126.—In gen., an artificial means of improving a thing:qui (caseus) exiguum medicaminis habet,
i. e. rennet, Col. 7, 8:vitiosum, i. e. conditura,
id. 12, 20:vina medicamine instaurare,
Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 126:seminum,
i. e. manure, id. 17, 14, 22, § 99. [p. 1123] -
27 Voelcker, John Christopher
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 24 September 1822 Frankfurt am Main, Germanyd. 5 December 1884 England[br]German analytical chemist resident in England whose reports on feedstuffs and fertilizers had a considerable influence on the quality of these products.[br]The son of a merchant in the city of his birth, John Christopher had delicate health and required private tuition to overcome the loss of his early years of schooling. At the age of 22 he went to study chemistry at Göttingen University and then worked for a short time for Liebig at Giessen. In 1847 he obtained a post as Analyst and Consulting Chemist at the Agricultural Chemistry Association of Scotland's Edinburgh office, and two years later he became Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Agricultural College in Cirencester, retaining this post until 1862. In 1855 he was appointed Chemist to the Bath and West Agricultural Society, and in that capacity organized lectures and field trials, and in 1857 he also became Consulting Chemist to the Royal Agricultural Society of England. Initially he studied the properties of farmyard manure and also the capacity of the soil to absorb ammonia, potash and sodium. As Consulting Chemist to farmers he analysed feedstuffs and manures; his assessments of artificial manures did much to force improvements in standards. During the 1860s he worked on milk and dairy products. He published the results of his work each year in the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England. In 1877 he became involved in the field trials initiated and funded by the Duke of Bedford on his Woburn farm, and he continued his association with this venture until his death.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS. Founder and Vice-President, Institute of Chemistry of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1877. Member Chemical Society 1849; he was a member of Council as well as its Vice-President at the time of his death. Member of the Board of Studies, Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester; Honorary Professor from 1882.BibliographyHis papers are to be found in the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England, for which he began to write reports in 1855, and also in the Journal of the Bath and West Society.Further ReadingJ.H.Gilbert, 1844, obituary, Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England, pp. 308–21 (a detailed account).Sir E.John Russell, A History of Agricultural Science in Great Britain.See also: Voelcker, John AugustusAPBiographical history of technology > Voelcker, John Christopher
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