-
21 Steers, Thomas
[br]b. c. 1672 Kent, Englandd. buried November 1750 Liverpool, England[br]English dock and canal engineer.[br]An Army officer serving at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 and later in the Low Countries, Steers thus gained experience in water control and development, canals and drainage. After his return to England he was associated with George Sorocold in the construction of Howland Great Dock, Rotherhithe, London, opened in 1699 and the first wet dock built in England. He was again associated with Sorocold in planning the first of Liverpool's wet docks and subsequently was responsible for its construction. On its completion, he became Dockmaster in 1717.In 1712 he surveyed the River Douglas for navigation, and received authorization to make it navigable from the Ribble estuary to Wigan in 1720. Although work was started by Steers, the undertaking was hit by the collapse of the South Sea Bubble and Steers was no longer associated with it when it was restarted in 1738. In 1721 he proposed making the Mersey and Irwell navigable.In 1736 he surveyed and engineered the first summit-level canal in the British Isles, between Portadown and Newry in Ulster, thus providing through-water communication between Lough Neagh and the Irish Sea. The canal was completed in 1741. He also carried out a survey of the river Boyne. Also in 1736, he surveyed the Worsley Brook in South Lancashire to provide navigation from Worsley to the Mersey. This was done on behalf of Scroop, 1st Duke of Bridgewater; an Act was obtained in 1737, but no work was started on the scheme at that time. It was left to Francis Egerton, the 3rd Duke, to initiate the Bridgewater Canal to provide water transport for coal from the Worsley pits direct to Manchester. In 1739 Steers was elected Mayor of Liverpool. The following year, jointly with John Eyes of Liverpool, he surveyed a possible navigation along the Calder from its junction with the Aire \& Calder at Wakefield to the Hebble and so through to Halifax, but, owing to opposition at the time, the construction of the Calder \& Hebble Navigation had to wait until after Steers's death. In the opinion of Professor A.W. Skempton, Steers was the most distinguished civil engineer before Smeaton's time.[br]Further ReadingHenry Peet, 1932, Thomas Steers. The Engineer of Liverpool's First Dock; reprinted with App. from Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire 82:163– 242.JHB
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
Area redevelopment plan — An Area redevelopment plan is an urban planning designation created by municipalities in Alberta, Canada for the purposes of facilitating development in specific geographic areas. ARPs differ from Area structure plans in that they apply to areas… … Wikipedia
Planning for the Battle of Iwo Jima — In anticipation of the Battle of Iwo Jima, Lieutenant General Tadamichi Kuribayashi prepared a defense that broke with Japanese military doctrine. Rather than defending the beaches, Kuribayashi devised a defense that maximized enemy attrition.… … Wikipedia
Area 51 — This article is about the U.S. Air Force installation in Nevada. For other uses, see Area 51 (disambiguation). Area 51 … Wikipedia
Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty — A map of all AONBs An Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) is an area of countryside considered to have significant landscape value in England, Wales or Northern Ireland, that has been specially designated by the Countryside Agency (now… … Wikipedia
Bicycle transportation planning in Los Angeles — Los Angeles can refer to both the City of Los Angeles and Los Angeles County, as well as the larger Los Angeles region (consisting of a continuous urban landscape stretching from Ventura County in the north down to Orange County in south).There… … Wikipedia
District planning committees in India — District Planning Committee(DPC) is the committee created as per article 243ZD of the Constitution of India at the district level[1] for planning at the district and below. The Committee in each district should consolidate the plans prepared by… … Wikipedia
District Planning in Kerala — District Planning is the process of planning covering all local governments in a district based on a district level development policy and integrating the district and sub district plans of all the local governments into a consolidated district… … Wikipedia
Combat rescue officer — flash Combat Rescue Officer (CRO) is a career field in the United States Air Force. Its Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC) is 13DXA and it was created to strengthen USAF personnel recovery capabilities. The CRO specialty includes direct combatant… … Wikipedia
Corps area — A Corps area was a geographically based organizational structure (area command) of the United States Army used to accomplish domestic administrative, training and tactical tasks from 1920 to 1942. Each corps area included divisions of the Regular … Wikipedia
Chief human resources officer — A Chief Human Resources Officer (CHRO) is a corporate officer who oversees all HR and industrial relations operations for an organization. Similar job titles include: Chief People Officer, Chief Personnel Officer, Executive Vice President of… … Wikipedia
Flight planning — A Tarom Boeing 737 300 and United Airlines Boeing 777 200 taxiing to depart London Heathrow Airport. Flight planning is the process of producing a flight plan to describe a proposed aircraft flight. It involves two … Wikipedia
