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1 mána
1 adj. "blessed" FS; also manna, q.v. 2 noun any good thing or fortunate thing; a boon or blessing, a grace, being esp. used of some thing/person/event that helps or amends an evil or difficulty. Cf. frequent ejaculation on receiving aid in trouble: yé mána ma = what a blessing, what a good thing! VT49:41 -
2 -lyë
pronominal ending thou, you VT49:48, 2nd person sg. formal/polite:hiruvalyë "thou shalt find" Nam, RGEO:67, carilyë *you do VT49:16. Long form of -l, q.v. The ending also occurs in alyë, the imperative particle a with a pronominal suffix VT43:17; see a \#3. The intimate/familiar ending corresponding to polite/formal -lyë is -tyë, q.v cf. PE17:135 where Tolkien states that hiruvalyë thou shalt find from Namárië would be hiruvatyë if the polite pronoun were replaced by the familiar one. Compare the independent pronoun tye. In VT49:51, Tolkien denies that the ending -tyë has any short form see, however, -t \# 3. Cf. natyë you are; see ná \#1. Compare tye, -tya. -
3 -t
1 dual ending, on nouns denoting a pair of something: attat "2 fathers or neighbours" VT48:19; see atto, máryat "her pair of hands" Nam, siryat "two rivers" VT47:11, ciriat "2 ships" Letters:427 read ciryat as in the Plotz Letter?, maquat "group of ten" from maqua, meaning among other things "group of five" VT47:7, nápat "thumb and index as a pair" VT48:5, also compare met "us two" as the dual form of me "us" Nam, VT47:11. Other dual endings known from the Plotz letter: genitive -to, possessive -twa, dative -nt, locative -tsë, allative -nta, ablative -lto, instrumental -nten, plus -tes as a possible short locative. It may be that these endings only apply to nouns that would have nominative dual forms in -t, and that nouns preferring the alternative dual ending -u would simply add the otherwise "singular" case endings to this vowel, e.g. *Alduo rather than ?Alduto as the genitive form of "Two Trees" Aldu. The ending -t is also used as a verbal inflection, corresponding to pl. -r elen atta siluvaut/u, two stars shall shine, VT49:45; the verb carit do would also be used with a dual subject, VT49:16; cf. also the endings listed in VT49:48, 50. 2 "them", pronominal ending; seen in the word laituvalmet "we shall bless them" lait-uva-lme-t "bless-shall-we-them". According to PE17:110, this -t covers both sg. and dual. Also independent word te pl. and tú dual possibly *tu when unstressed. 3 reduced pronominal affix of the 2. person, "you" sg., the long form being -tyë both endings are listed in VT49:48. See heca regarding the example hecat WJ:364. However, in a later source, Tolkien denies that -tyë has any short form VT49:51, 57. The status of the ending -t is therefore doubtful. -
4 né
vb. was; see ná \#1. Also used as interjection yes when the meaning is it was so, it was as you say/ask VT49:31. Pl. nér were, dual nét VT49:30. Nésë he was VT49:29, though Tolkien elsewhere stated that né did not take any inflection of person VT49:31, pronominal endings rather being added to ane- the form anes *he was is attested. Anda né long ago VT49:31. vb. in pa.t. was; see ná \#1.
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