-
121 -D4
gettare (или tirare, trarre) il dado
принять решение, решиться, рискнуть:Andrea Ferrento aveva schiere d'uomini pronti a gettare il dado per lui, a difendere in lui quel privilegio che singolarmente ognuno per se stesso ambiva. (G. da Verona, «La vita comincia domani»)
У Андреа Ферренто было много сторонников, готовых связать с ним свою судьбу, чтобы в его лице защищать идеал, к которому каждый из них горячо стремился. -
122 -P1608
a) прыгать двумя ногами:Un Andrea che irradia confidenza e simpatia, che all'improvviso canta burlescamente in francese e salta a piè pari uno sgabello. (U. Facco de Lagarda, «Cronache cattive»)
Это Андреа, излучающий доверие и симпатию, исполняющий экспромтом по-французски шутливые песенки и прыгающий сразу обеими ногами через табуретку.b) перескакивать, пропускать (читая):Nei giornali salta a piè pari le cattive notizie, fatta eccezione per la rivolta di Giava, la peste a Calcutta, il tornado nella Louisiana, paesi remoti. (U. Facco de Lagarda, «Cronache cattive»)
Читая газеты, он старается пропускать плохие новости, делая разве что исключение для дальних стран: восстание на Яве, чума в Калькутте, ураган в Луизиане.c) не останавливаться перед трудностями. -
123 Leonardo da Vinci
[br]b. 15 April 1452 Vinci, near Florence, Italy,d. 2 May 1519 St Cloux, near Amboise, France.[br]Italian scientist, engineer, inventor and artist.[br]Leonardo was the illegitimate son of a Florentine lawyer. His first sixteen years were spent with the lawyer's family in the rural surroundings of Vinci, which aroused in him a lifelong love of nature and an insatiable curiosity in it. He received little formal education but extended his knowledge through private reading. That gave him only a smattering of Latin, a deficiency that was to be a hindrance throughout his active life. At sixteen he was apprenticed in the studio of Andrea del Verrochio in Florence, where he received a training not only in art but in a wide variety of crafts and technical arts.In 1482 Leonardo went to Milan, where he sought and obtained employment with Ludovico Sforza, later Duke of Milan, partly to sculpt a massive equestrian statue of Ludovico but the work never progressed beyond the full-scale model stage. He did, however, complete the painting which became known as the Virgin of the Rocks and in 1497 his greatest artistic achievement, The Last Supper, commissioned jointly by Ludovico and the friars of Santa Maria della Grazie and painted on the wall of the monastery's refectory. Leonardo was responsible for the court pageants and also devised a system of irrigation to supply water to the plains of Lombardy. In 1499 the French army entered Milan and deposed Leonardo's employer. Leonardo departed and, after a brief visit to Mantua, returned to Florence, where for a time he was employed as architect and engineer to Cesare Borgia, Duke of Romagna. Around 1504 he completed another celebrated work, the Mona Lisa.In 1506 Leonardo began his second sojourn in Milan, this time in the service of King Louis XII of France, who appointed him "painter and engineer". In 1513 Leonardo left for Rome in the company of his pupil Francesco Melzi, but his time there was unproductive and he found himself out of touch with the younger artists active there, Michelangelo above all. In 1516 he accepted with relief an invitation from King François I of France to reside at the small château of St Cloux in the royal domain of Amboise. With the pension granted by François, Leonardo lived out his remaining years in tranquility at St Cloux.Leonardo's career can hardly be regarded as a success or worthy of such a towering genius. For centuries he was known only for the handful of artistic works that he managed to complete and have survived more or less intact. His main activity remained hidden until the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, during which the contents of his notebooks were gradually revealed. It became evident that Leonardo was one of the greatest scientific investigators and inventors in the history of civilization. Throughout his working life he extended a searching curiosity over an extraordinarily wide range of subjects. The notes show careful investigation of questions of mechanical and civil engineering, such as power transmission by means of pulleys and also a form of chain belting. The notebooks record many devices, such as machines for grinding and polishing lenses, a lathe operated by treadle-crank, a rolling mill with conical rollers and a spinning machine with pinion and yard divider. Leonardo made an exhaustive study of the flight of birds, with a view to designing a flying machine, which obsessed him for many years.Leonardo recorded his observations and conclusions, together with many ingenious inventions, on thousands of pages of manuscript notes, sketches and drawings. There are occasional indications that he had in mind the publication of portions of the notes in a coherent form, but he never diverted his energy into putting them in order; instead, he went on making notes. As a result, Leonardo's impact on the development of science and technology was virtually nil. Even if his notebooks had been copied and circulated, there were daunting impediments to their understanding. Leonardo was left-handed and wrote in mirror-writing: that is, in reverse from right to left. He also used his own abbreviations and no punctuation.At his death Leonardo bequeathed his entire output of notes to his friend and companion Francesco Melzi, who kept them safe until his own death in 1570. Melzi left the collection in turn to his son Orazio, whose lack of interest in the arts and sciences resulted in a sad period of dispersal which endangered their survival, but in 1636 the bulk of them, in thirteen volumes, were assembled and donated to the Ambrosian Library in Milan. These include a large volume of notes and drawings compiled from the various portions of the notebooks and is now known as the Codex Atlanticus. There they stayed, forgotten and ignored, until 1796, when Napoleon's marauding army overran Italy and art and literary works, including the thirteen volumes of Leonardo's notebooks, were pillaged and taken to Paris. After the war in 1815, the French government agreed to return them but only the Codex Atlanticus found its way back to Milan; the rest remained in Paris. The appendix to one notebook, dealing with the flight of birds, was later regarded as of sufficient importance to stand on its own. Four small collections reached Britain at various times during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; of these, the volume in the Royal Collection at Windsor Castle is notable for its magnificent series of anatomical drawings. Other collections include the Codex Leicester and Codex Arundel in the British Museum in London, and the Madrid Codices in Spain.Towards the end of the nineteenth century, Leonardo's true stature as scientist, engineer and inventor began to emerge, particularly with the publication of transcriptions and translations of his notebooks. The volumes in Paris appeared in 1881–97 and the Codex Atlanticus was published in Milan between 1894 and 1904.[br]Principal Honours and Distinctions"Premier peintre, architecte et mécanicien du Roi" to King François I of France, 1516.Further ReadingE.MacCurdy, 1939, The Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci, 2 vols, London; 2nd edn, 1956, London (the most extensive selection of the notes, with an English translation).G.Vasari (trans. G.Bull), 1965, Lives of the Artists, London: Penguin, pp. 255–271.C.Gibbs-Smith, 1978, The Inventions of Leonardo da Vinci, Oxford: Phaidon. L.H.Heydenreich, Dibner and L. Reti, 1981, Leonardo the Inventor, London: Hutchinson.I.B.Hart, 1961, The World of Leonardo da Vinci, London: Macdonald.LRD / IMcN -
124 Alberti, Leon Battista
(1404-1472), Architekt (u. a.: Palazzo Rucellai in Florenz, Sant Andrea in Mantua und Tempio Malatestani in Rimini) und Architekturtheoretiker (De Re Aedificatoria), der sich auf Vitruv stützte.Erläuterung wichtiger Begriffe des Bauwesens mit Abbildungen > Alberti, Leon Battista
См. также в других словарях:
Andréa — Andrea ist im Deutschen und in anderen Sprachen (z. B. im Englischen, im Schwedischen, im Spanischen und im Ungarischen) ein weiblicher Vorname, im Italienischen und Rätoromanischen ein männlicher Vorname. Männliche Form: Andreas… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Andrea — ist im Deutschen und in anderen Sprachen (z. B. im Englischen, im Schwedischen, im Spanischen und im Ungarischen) ein weiblicher, im Italienischen und Rätoromanischen ein männlicher Vorname. Männliche Form: Andreas Inhaltsverzeichnis 1… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Andrea — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Andrea hace referencia a: Andrea Camilleri, escritor y director de televisión y teatro italiano; Andrea Luchesi, compositor italiano; Andrea Pirlo, futbolista italiano; Andrea Vesalio, anatomista belga; Andrea… … Wikipedia Español
andrea — ANDREÁ, andrele, s.f. Fiecare dintre acele (lungi şi groase) cu care se împletesc obiectele de lână, de bumbac etc; ac mare pentru cusut saci, saltele etc. [var.: undreá s.f.] – et. nec. Trimis de ana zecheru, 25.02.2007. Sursa: DEX 98 ANDREÁ s … Dicționar Român
Andreä — Andreä, 1) Jakob, lutherischer Theologe, * Waiblingen 25. 3. 1528, ✝ Tübingen 7. 1. 1590, Großvater von 2); Professor, Propst und Kanzler der Universität Tübingen, seit 1556 Mitreformator Süddeutschlands, Wegbereiter der Einigung des… … Universal-Lexikon
Andrea — (Massa,Италия) Категория отеля: Адрес: 54100 Massa, Италия Описание … Каталог отелей
Andrea — (Фьюмичино,Италия) Категория отеля: Адрес: via delle fissurelle, 00054 Фьюмичино, Италия … Каталог отелей
Andrēä — Andrēä, 1) Anton, so v.w. Andreas. 2) Giov. A. od. Giov. de Andrea, geb. zu Mugello (od. zu Rifredo) bei Florenz, Professor des Kanonischen Rechts zu Padua, Pisa u. Bologna, st. 1348 zu [473] Bologna; schr.: Glossae in Clementinas, Rom 1476 etc.… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Andrea II — (Санкт Галленкирх,Австрия) Категория отеля: Адрес: 6791 Санкт Галленкирх, Австрия … Каталог отелей
Andrēa — Andrēa, italienische Form für Andreas; 1) A., Kanonikus zu Bergamo zu Ende des 9. Jahrh., schrieb eine Chronik Italiens, vom Einbruche der Longobarden bis 874. 2) Giovanni, eigentlich Bussi (Bossi), geb. zu Vigebano 1417, Bischof v. Aleria;… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Andreä — Andreä, 1) Jakob, luther. Theolog, geb. 25. März 1528 zu Waiblingen im Württembergischen, ward 1546 Diakonus in Stuttgart, 1549 in Tübingen, 1553 Superintendent in Göppingen, 1562 Professor der Theologie, Propst und Kanzler der Universität… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
