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1 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
busin. UNCTADУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
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2 United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far Fast
econ. ECAFEУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far Fast
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3 United Nations Economic and Social Council
Универсальный русско-немецкий словарь > United Nations Economic and Social Council
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4 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
electr. UNESCOУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
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5 United Nations Food and Agricultural Organisation
Универсальный русско-немецкий словарь > United Nations Food and Agricultural Organisation
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6 United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization
econ. FAO, UNFAOУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization
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7 United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
econ. UNRRAУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
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8 Economic and Social Council of the United Nations
econ. ECOSOCУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > Economic and Social Council of the United Nations
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9 Streitkrдfte Australiens, Neuseelands und des Vereinigten Kцnigreiches
abbrMilitary: (Australian, New Zealand and United Kingdom Forces) ANZUKУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > Streitkrдfte Australiens, Neuseelands und des Vereinigten Kцnigreiches
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10 Streitkräfte Australiens, Neuseelands und des Vereinigten Königreiches
milit. (Australian, New Zealand and United Kingdom Forces) ANZUKУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > Streitkräfte Australiens, Neuseelands und des Vereinigten Königreiches
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11 ЭКОСОС
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12 Организация Объединенных Наций
Организация Объединенных Наций
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
United Nations
A voluntary association of around 180 state signatory to the UN charter (1945), whose primary aim is to maintain international peace and security, solve economic, social, and political problems through international co-operation, and promote respect for human rights.
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Организация Объединенных Наций
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13 длительный допустимый ток
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
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14 Северная Америка
Северная Америка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
North America
A continent in the northern half of the western hemisphere, bounded by the Arctic Ocean in the north, by the Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea in the west, and by the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico in the east, connected to South America by the Isthmus of Panama, and including the United States, Canada, Mexico and several small island nations. (Source: INP)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Северная Америка
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15 Technical Assistance Committee
Универсальный русско-немецкий словарь > Technical Assistance Committee
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16 Продовольственная и сельскохозяйственная организация ООН
adj1) econ. Ernährungs- und Landwirtschaftsorganisation der Vereinten Nationen, Organisation der Vereinten Nationen für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft, Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'Alimentation et l'Agriculture, United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization2) busin. Food and Agriculture OrganizationУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > Продовольственная и сельскохозяйственная организация ООН
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17 ФАО
abbr1) econ. Ernährungs- und Landwirtschaftsorganisation der Vereinten Nationen, Organisation der Vereinten Nationen für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft, United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization -
18 продовольственная и сельскохозяйственная организация ООН
adj1) econ. Ernährungs- und Landwirtschaftsorganisation der Vereinten Nationen, Organisation der Vereinten Nationen für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft, Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'Alimentation et l'Agriculture, United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization2) busin. Food and Agriculture OrganizationУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > продовольственная и сельскохозяйственная организация ООН
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19 Konferenz der Vereinten Nationen fьr Handel und Entwicklung
nPatents: (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) UNCTADУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > Konferenz der Vereinten Nationen fьr Handel und Entwicklung
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20 US-Luft- und Raum-Bergungs- und Rettungsdienst
milit. (United States Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Service) USARRSУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > US-Luft- und Raum-Bergungs- und Rettungsdienst
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