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1 ALWAYS
illumë (earlier variants of the relevant text also have vora and vorë, forms Tolkien may or may not have abandoned) –VT44:9 -
2 EAST
rómen (allative Rómenna as a region of Númenor and ablative Rómello in Namárië are capitalized), róna; EASTERN rómenya (Entar, Entardar "Outer Lands, Middle-earth" is also glossed as "East" once, as opposed to the Blessed Realm of the West.) The words órë "dawn, Sunrise, East" and its corresponding adjective órëa (LT1:264) are probably not valid words in LotR-style Quenya; see DAWN. Neither can Ostar "East" be a valid word; see GATE. EAST-VICTOR Rómendacil (one of the Kings of Gondor) EAST-LANDS Orrostar (a region in Númenor). EAST-HELPER (masc. name) Rómestámo, Róme(n)star (so in PM:384, 391; probably ?Rómenstar must always become Rómestar, but Tolkien cited the form as Róme(n)star to indicate the connection with rómen "east") –RŌ/LotR:1157, UT:463, Nam, EN, LotR:1075, 1081, UT:165, 459, PM:384, 391) -
3 HELPER
A word for "helper" is apparently embedded in the compound "East-helper", Rómestámo, Róme(n)star (so in PM:384, 391; probably ?Rómenstar must always become Rómestar, but Tolkien cited the form as Róme(n)star to indicate the connection with rómen "east"). It may be that as an independent word, the -stámo "helper" element would manifest as *sámo (Þ). -
4 IMMINENT
– BE IMMINENT: úva- (impend), nearly always in a bad sense: threaten to come. Hrívë úva vena “winter is drawing near to us”. –VT49:14 -
5 IMPEND
úva- (be imminent), nearly always in a bad sense: threaten to come. Hrívë úva véna “winter is drawing near to us”. –VT49:14 -
6 MARRY
verya- (intransitive, with the person one marries in the allative case: veryanen senna *“I married him/her”, compare English “I got married to him/her”, though the Quenya phrase is also suggested to mean “I was joined to him/her”). The word verya- also means “dare”, but since this is transitive and would always be followed by a direct object, the two verbs can be distinguished. –VT49:45, 46 -
7 ON
or (so in LT1:256, but in LotR-style Quenya or is always translated "over". Generally, English "on" may be rendered by the locative or the allative case, see UPON.) ON BEHALF OF rá, followed by dative, as in the example rá men "on behalf of us, for us". Dative pronouns may be directly suffixed to rá: "for us" or "on behalf of us" is also attested in the one-word form rámen. (Note: rá is also a noun "lion".) ON THE CONTRARY úsië –VT43:27, 28, 33, VT49:8 -
8 SUN
Anar, Úrin (Úrind-) (the latter was a "name of the Sun"; in LT1:271 úrin is glossed "blazing hot", and the word for "Sun" is Úr ["Ûr"] or Úri, Úrinci, Urwen.The stem Úrin is derived from was struck out in Etym. However, several words that must be derived from the same stem occur in LotR, indicating that Tolkien restored it.) Naira ("the heart of flame"), Calavénë, Calaventë (other names for the Sun). Yet another term was Ancalë or "Radiant One", but it is unclear whether or not Tolkien rejected this form (see LR:362 s.v. KAL). NEW SUN AFTER SOLSTICE ceuranar (VT48:7). SUNLIGHT árë (older [MET] ázë); SUNRISE anarórë, ambaron/Ambarónë (uprising, Orient) (a similar but untranslated word, Ambaróna, occurs in LotR), rómen (glossed "uprising, sunrise, east" in Silm:437, but the normal meaning of the word is always "east"). SUNSET andúnë (west, evening). (Amuntë in LT2 is certainly obsolete in LotR-style Quenya.) RAY OF THE SUN firin (this may not be a valid word in LotR-style Quenya; in a later source, firin is the adjective "dead"). –ANÁR, UR, LotR:1157, LotR:254, ORO, AM, LotR:490, NDU, MR:198, Silm:428, LT2:335, 341 -
9 UPRISING
(noun) ambaron, Ambarónë (sunrise, Orient) (a similar but untranslated word, Ambaróna, occurs in LotR:490). Rómen is glossed "uprising, sunrise, east" in Silm:437, but the normal meaning of the word is always "east". Cf. also: "UPRISING-FLOWER" *ambalotsë ("referring to the flower or floreate device used as a crest fixed to [the] point of a tall [illegible word, possibly 'archaic'] helmet", "pointed helm-crest". Tolkien asterisked the word because it was not attested, only a possible Quenya form of the name Amloth) –AM2, LotR:490, WJ:318 -
10 WED
verya-; the verb is intransitive and the person wedded appears in the allative (veryanen senna *”I married him/her”, compare English “get married to”). The word verya- also means “dare”, but since this is transitive and would always be followed by a direct object, the two verbs can be distinguished. – Transitive verta- means “to give in marriage” or “to take as husband or wife” (to oneself). In an earlier source, Tolkien gave the verb “to wed” as vesta-. Noun WEDDING veryanwë (going with verya- and verta-); in an earlier source, Tolkien gave this word as vestalë. Veryanwë is also attested with pronominal suffixes: veryanwesta, genitive veryanwesto “(of) your wedding”, with a dual form of “your”; also veryanweldo with a plural “your”. –VT49:45, BES, WED
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