-
1 clavus
clāvus, i, m. [root klu-, v. claudo; prop. that which shuts or fastens].I.A nail, usually of metal.A.Lit.:2.offerumentas habebis pluris Quam ulla navis longa clavos,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 48:(leges) ad parietem fixae clavis ferreis,
id. Trin. 4, 3, 32; so,clavi ferrei,
Cato, R. R. 18 fin.; Caes. B. G. 3, 13; Vitr. 7, 3 al.—Sometimes of hard wood:clavis corneis occludere,
Cato, R. R. 18 fin.:cornus... lignum utile, si quid cuneandum sit in ligno clavisve figendum ceu ferreis,
Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 206:clavis religare tigna,
Caes. B. C. 2, 10:clavos per modica intervalla figentes,
Liv. 28, 20, 4.—Acc. to a Tuscan usage the ancient Romans designated the number of the year by nails, which the highest magistrate annually, at the Ides of September, drove into the wall of Jupiter's temple: clavo ab dictatore fixo,
Liv. 7, 3, 3 sqq.; 8, 18, 12 sq.; 9, 28, 6: clavus annalis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 56, 10 Müll.; cf.O. Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 329 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 263. Also, in a later age, country people seem to have kept an account of the years in this way,
Petr. 135, 8, 9.—Prov.: clavo clavum eicere, to drive out one nail by another (Gr. hêlôi ton hêlon, pattalôi ton pattalon, sc. dei exelaunein):novo quidam amore veterem amorem tamquam clavo clavum eiciendum putant,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 35, 75: aliquid trabali clavo figere, to fasten with a large nail, to clinch a matter, id. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53; Arn. 2, p. 51.—As a symbol of immovable firmness:B.Necessitas Clavos trabales Gestans,
Hor. C. 1, 35, 18:si figit adamantinos Necessitas Clavos,
id. ib. 3, 24, 7; cf. O. Müll. as above cit., p. 331.—Hence,Trop.:II.ex hoc die clavum anni movebis,
i. e. reckon the beginning of the year, Cic. Att. 5, 15, 1:fixus animus clavo Cupidinis,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 4.—Prov.:beneficium trabali clavo figere (v. trabalis),
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53 Zumpt; cf. Arn. 2, p. 51.—Meton. of objects of like form.A.( Lit. the handle of the rudder, the tiller; hence, pars pro toto.) The rudder, helm, in gen. (only sing.): ut clavum rectum teneam, Enn. ap. Isid. Orig. 19, 2, 12 (Ann. v. 472 Vahl.):b.clavum ad litora torquere,
Verg. A. 5, 177 Serv.; 10, 218.—Trop.:B.clavum tanti imperii tenere et gubernacula rei publicae tractare,
Cic. Sest. 9, 20:abicere,
to leave off the care of a thing, Arn. 3, 106: dum clavum rectum teneam, if I keep a steady helm, am not negligent (as in Gr. orthan tan naun), Quint. 2, 17, 24 Spald.; cf. the passage of Enn. supra. —In medic. lang., a painful tumor or excrescence, a wart, a corn; on the feet, Cels. 5, 28, 14. clavis in pedibus mederi, Plin. 20, 17, 71, § 184; 22, 23, 49, § 101 sq.; 26, 11, 66, § 106; 28, 16, 62, § 222;C.on the eye,
Cels. 6, 7, 12;in the nose,
Plin. 24, 14, 77, § 126;upon the neck of cattle,
Col. 6, 14, 6;in sheep,
id. 7, 5, 11.—Also a disease of the olive-tree, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 223.—A kind of abortion of bees, Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 50.—D.A purple stripe on the tunica, which, for senators, was broad (latus, cf. laticlavius); for the equites, narrow (angustus; cf.2.angusticlavius). In the time of the emperors, however, the sons of the senators and equites also, who were preparing for civil office, wore the latus clavus,
Liv. 9, 7, 9; Varr. L. L. 9, § 79 Müll.; Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 29 Jahn; cf. Hor. S. 1, 5, 36; 1, 6, 28; Quint. 11, 3, 138; Vell. 2, 88, 2; Suet. Aug. 94: tunicam ita consuere, ut altera plagula sit angustis clavis, altera latis, Varr L. L. 9, § 47 Müll.—Hence the phrase: latum clavum ab Caesare impetravi, i. e. I have become senator, Plin. Ep. 2, 9, 2; cf.:clavum alicui tribuere,
Suet. Claud. 24:impetrare,
id. Vesp. 4:adimere,
id. Tib. 35:adipisci,
id. Vesp. 2.—Rarely a purple stripe on bed or table cloths, Amm. 16, 8, 8.—Poet., a tunic, in gen., either wide or narrow striped:mutare in horas,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 10:sumere depositum,
id. ib. 1, 6, 25. -
2 figo
fīgo, fīxī, fīxum, ere1) вбивать, втыкать, вколачивать (clavum L; pila in terram L); пронзать, прокалывать (aliquem telo V; cervam conjectā sagittā V); убивать (f. aliquem V, O, QC etc.); вонзать (mucronem in hoste C; dentes in aliqua re O)2)а) укреплять (cristas vertĭce V; comas acu M; sub aethere fixae stellae O); скреплять ( caligas auro Just); закреплять ( aliquid trabali clavo C)б) прибивать, приколачивать, пригвождать или привешивать (f. arma in parietibus C и ad postem H)3) сажать ( plantas humo V)4) укоренять ( malum se fixit Sen); запечатлевать (oscula alicui rei Lcr, O, VF etc.; dicta animis V)vestigia f. V — шествовать, шагать5) водружать ( crucem alicui C); воздвигать, возводить (moenia O; domos T)sedem f. Cumis J — поселиться в Кумах6) устремлять, вперять (oculos in terram L, Sen и in aliquo V); обращать, направлять (mentem, cogitationes in aliquā re C)7) распинать (aliquem cruci Q, PM, in cruce C и in crucem Just)8) вывешивать, опубликовывать, обнародовать (f. leges, tabulas C)9) устанавливать, определять ( modum alicui rei H)fixum est C — постановлено, решено10) наносить ( alta vulnera M); причинять ( mortem SenT)11) пристально созерцать (lumine aliquid Pers, St)12) язвить, уязвлять (f. aliquem maledictis C) -
3 figo
fīgo, xi, xum, 3 (archaic part. perf. ficta, Lucr. 3, 4; Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 4), v. a. [Gr. sphing-ô, to bind fast; sphigmos, phimos, muzzle; cf. fīlum, for figlum. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 186; Germ. dick. dicht; Engl. thick. etc., Corss. Krit. Nachtr. p. 233], to fix, fasten, drive or thrust in, attach, affix (class.; cf.: pango, configo, defigo).I.Lit., constr. aliquid, aliquid in with abl. ( poet. also in with acc., or aliquid with abl. only):B.imbrices medias clavulis,
Cato, R. R. 21, 3:palum in parietem,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 4:mucrones in cive an in hoste,
Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 6:tabulam decreti Caesaris aut beneficii,
to post up, id. ib. 1, 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 12, 5 fin.:Antonius accepta grandi pecunia fixit legem a dictatore comitiis latam,
i. e. posted it up as having been carried, id. Att. 14, 12, 1; cf.:adsentiri, ne qua tabula ullius decreti Caesaris figeretur,
id. Phil. 1, 1, 3:fixit leges pretio atque refixit,
Verg. A. 6, 622:quique aera legum vetustate delapsa, noscerent figerentque,
Tac. H. 4, 40:nec verba minacia aere fixo legebantur,
Ov. M. 1, 91:quam damnatis crucem servis fixeras,
hadst fixed in the ground, erected, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 12:feraces plantas humo,
to plant, set, Verg. G. 4, 115:clavos verticibus,
Hor. C. 3, 24, 5:cuneos,
Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 109 (dub.):veribus trementia (frusta),
to fix on spits, Verg. A. 1, 212:spicula pectore,
Prop. 2, 13, 2 (3, 4, 2 M.);for which: harundo in vertice fixa,
Hor. S. 1, 8, 7:cristas vertice,
Verg. A. 10, 701:fumantes taedas sub pectore,
id. ib. 7, 457:notas in collo dente,
to impress, Tib. 1, 8, 38:virus in venas per vulnera,
injects, Cic. Arat. 432: vestigia, plants his steps, i. e. moves on, Verg. A. 6, 159:arma quae fixa in parietibus fuerant,
fastened up, hung up, Cic. Div. 1, 34, 74; cf.:scuta sublime fixa,
id. ib. 2, 31, 67:arma ad postem Herculis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 5:arma thalamo,
Verg. A. 4, 495:arma Troïa hic,
id. ib. 1, 248:clipeum postibus,
id. ib. 3, 287:dona Laurenti Divo,
id. ib. 12, 768: ID AES AD STATVAM LORICATAM DIVI IVLII, S. C. ap. Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 13:qui spolia ex hoste fixa domi haberent,
Liv. 23, 23, 6; 38, 43, 11:navalem coronam fastigio Palatinae domus,
Suet. Claud. 17:luteum opus celsā sub trabe (hirundo),
Ov. F. 1, 158: ipse summis saxis fixus asperis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107, and id. Pis. 19, 43 (Trag. v. 413 ed. Vahl.):aliquem cruci,
nail, Quint. 7, 1, 30; Suet. Dom. 10:corpus lacerum in crucem (al. cruce),
Just. 21, 4 fin.:figit in virgine vultus,
fixes, Verg. A. 12, 70:oculos solo,
id. ib. 1, 482:oculos in terram,
Sen. Ep. 11: in poet. transf.:oculos horrenda in virgine fixus,
Verg. A. 11, 507 (cf.:defixus lumina vultu,
id. ib. 6, 156; Tac. A. 3, 1):Caesar in silentium fixus,
Tac. A. 6, 50 (56):obstipo capite et figentes lumine terram,
Pers. 3, 80:foribus miser oscula figit,
kisses, Lucr. 4, 1179:oscula dulcia,
Verg. A. 1, 687:sedem Cumis,
to fix his abode, Juv. 3, 2:domos,
Tac. A. 13, 54.—Transf., to fix by piercing through, to transfix, pierce (cf. configo, II.):II.hunc intorto figit telo,
Verg. A. 10, 382:hunc jaculo acuto,
Ov. M. 10, 131: hostes telis, Auct. B. Alex. 30 fin.:fixisse puellas gestit (Cupido),
Tib. 2, 1, 71:cervos,
Verg. E. 2, 29:dammas,
id. G. 1, 308; id. A. 5, 515; Sil. 1, 305:cutem (clavi),
Sen. Prov. 3:olli per galeam fixo stetit hasta cerebro,
Verg. A. 12, 537:aprum,
Juv. 1, 23:figar a sagitta,
Ov. H. 16, 278:vulnus,
to inflict, Mart. 1, 61, 4.Trop.A. 1.With in and abl.: ego omnia mea studia, omnem operam, curam, industriam, cogitationem, [p. 749] mentem denique omnem in Milonis consulatu fixi et locavi, Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 3.—2.With in and acc. (rare):3.fixus in silentium,
Tac. A. 6, 50.—In other constructions:B.beneficium, quemadmodum dicitur, trabali clavo,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53:nostras intra te fige querelas,
Juv. 9, 94:penitus hoc se malum fixit,
Sen. Tranq. 15:nequitiae fige modum tuae,
Hor. C. 3, 15, 2. —(Acc. to I. B.) Of speech, to sting; taunt, rally a person:A.aliquem maledictis,
Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 93:adversarios,
id. Or. 26, 89.—Hence, fixus, a, um, P. a., fixed, fast, immovable.Lit. (very rare):B.illud maneat et fixum sit,
Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 25:inque tuis nunc Fixa pedum pono pressis vestigia signis,
i. e. firmly fixed in, Lucr. 3, 4; cf.in the foll.: astra,
the fixed stars, Manil. 2, 35; so,flammae,
Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 15.— Far more freq.,Trop.:vestigia (integritatis) non pressa leviter, sed fixa ad memoriam illius provinciae sempiternam,
Cic. Sest. 5, 13:non ita fixum, ut convelli non liceret,
id. Clu. 45, 126: fixum et statutum, id. Mur., 30, 62; cf.:consilium fixum,
id. Att. 6, 14, 2:animo fixum immotumque sedere, ne, etc.,
Verg. A, 4, 15: fixum est, with a subj.-clause, it is fixed, determined, Sil. 2, 364; 3, 114:decretum stabile, fixum, ratum,
Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 27; cf.:ratum, fixum, firmum,
permanent, id. ib. 2, 46, 141:illud fixum in animis vestris tenetote,
fixed, impressed, id. Balb. 28, 64: quae perpetuo animo meo fixa manebunt, Lepid. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 3.— Adv.: fixe, fixedly (late Lat.):ubi tenacius habitabit et fixius,
Aug. Ep. 6 fin.
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