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1 воздушно-сухой (ая) волокнистый полуфабрикат (целлюлоза, полуцеллюлоза, древесная масса)
воздушно-сухой (ая) волокнистый полуфабрикат (целлюлоза, полуцеллюлоза, древесная масса)
Волокнистый полуфабрикат (целлюлоза, полуцеллюлоза, древесная масса), влажность которого (ой) достигает равновесия с влажностью окружающего воздуха.
[ ГОСТ 23646-79]Тематики
Обобщающие термины
- подготовка проб, определение влажности и механических примесей
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воздушно-сухой (ая) волокнистый полуфабрикат (целлюлоза, полуцеллюлоза, древесная масса)
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2 воздушно-сухие семена
воздушно-сухие семена
Семена, влажность которых устанавливается при естественной воздушной сушке.
[ ГОСТ 20290-74]Тематики
Обобщающие термины
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воздушно-сухие семена
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3 воздушно-сухой торф
воздушно-сухой торф
Торф, высушенный в естественных условиях до равновесной влаги.
[ ГОСТ 21123-85]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воздушно-сухой торф
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4 длительный допустимый ток
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
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DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
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5 торнадо
торнадо
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
tornado
A rapidly rotating column of air developed around a very intense low-pressure centre. It is associated with a dark funnel-shaped cloud and with extremely violent winds (>300km/h) blowing in a counterclockwise spiral, but accompanied by violent downdraughts. The precise mechanisms are not fully understood but the following atmospheric conditions appear to be necessary for tornado development: a layer of warm moist air at low altitude; a layer of dry air at higher altitude with an inversion of temperature at about 1.000 m; a triggering mechanism, usually in the form of an active, intense cold front or solar heating of the ground which will create a vortex. (Source: WHIT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > торнадо
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6 нормальная сухая масса шерсти
нормальная сухая масса шерсти
Постоянная масса шерсти, высушенной воздухом, параметры которого соответствуют влажности 65±2% и температуре 20±2 °С.
[ ГОСТ 30724-2001]Тематики
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- "séchée à l'air"
- masse de la laine
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > нормальная сухая масса шерсти
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7 осадок на фильтре
осадок на фильтре
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
filter cake
Accumulated solids, wet or dry, generated by any filtration process, including accumulation on fabric filters in air filtering processes, or accumulation of wet solids in liquid filtering processes. (Source: EED / ISEP)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > осадок на фильтре
См. также в других словарях:
air-dry — [er′ drī΄] vt. air dried, air drying to dry by exposing to the air adj. so dry as to give off no further moisture upon exposure to the air … English World dictionary
air-dry — air′ dry v. dried, dry•ing, adj. 1) to dry by exposure to the air 2) dry beyond further evaporation • Etymology: 1855–60 … From formal English to slang
air-dry — adjective not giving off moisture on exposure to the air • Similar to: ↑dry * * * ˈair dry 7 [air dry] verb transitive … Useful english dictionary
air-dry — /air druy /, v., air dried, air drying, adj. v.t., v.i. 1. to dry by exposure to the air. adj. 2. dry beyond further evaporation. [1855 60] * * * … Universalium
air-dry loss — n in coal, the loss in mass, expressed as a percentage, resulting from each air drying stage or the sum of all sequential air drying stages in which the results from each stage are adjusted to the as received basis. DISCUSSION Air dry loss is… … Coke&Coal Terminology
air-dry peat — orasausės durpės statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Ore išdžiovintos durpės, kurių drėgnis air dry peat33%. atitikmenys: angl. air dry peat rus. воздушно сухой торф … Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas
air-dry seeds — orasausės sėklos statusas T sritis augalininkystė apibrėžtis Sėklos, kurių drėgnumas nusistovi džiovinant ore natūraliomis sąlygomis. atitikmenys: angl. air dry seeds rus. воздушно сухие семена … Žemės ūkio augalų selekcijos ir sėklininkystės terminų žodynas
air-dry — I. adjective Date: 1856 dry to such a degree that no further moisture is given up on exposure to air II. verb Date: 1886 transitive verb to dry by exposure to air intransitive verb to become dry by exposure to air … New Collegiate Dictionary
air-dry — /ˈɛə draɪ/ (say air druy) verb (t) (air dried, air drying) 1. to remove moisture from by evaporation in free air. –adjective 2. dry beyond further evaporation …
air-dry — 1. adjective Free of moisture to the degree possible by exposure to air; naturally dried. 2. verb To dry by exposure to the air … Wiktionary
air-dry — verb make or become dry through contact with air … English new terms dictionary