af-ficio

cōn-ficio, fēci, fectum, ere (con u. facio), zusammenmachen, d.i. I) = fertig machen, zustande bringen, 1) durch körperliche od. geistige Tätigkeit, a) anfertigen, verfertigen, anlegen, herstellen, vollenden, ausführen, ausfertigen, durchführen, vollziehen, α) übh.: pallium, Plaut.: chartam (Papier), Hadrian. imp. b. Vopisc.: anulum, pallium, soccos suā manu, Cic. – c. dialogos, Cic.: litteras, Cic.: orationes, Nep.: partem orationis perpolire et c., Cic.: c. novissimum imperfectum (commentarium), fertig machen, Hirt. b. G.: librum Graece od. Graeco sermone, Nep.: tabulas litteris Graecis, Caes.: tabulas (das Hausbuch), anlegen, führen, Cic.: u. so diligenter tabulas (Ggstz. neglegenter adversaria scribere), Cic.: rationes, die R. anfertigen, aufstellen, Cic.: senatus consultum, Lampr. – c. aegre delectum, Liv.: ludos, Cic.: rem divinam, Nep.: ad penates hostis sui nuptiale sacrum, Liv.: sacra, Cic.: sacra Orphica Dionyso, Cic.: sacra per mulieres ac virgines confici, Cic.: c. iusta funera, Caes.: legitima quaedam, Nep. – caedem, vollführen, verüben, Nep.: u. so tantum facinus per alqm, Cic. – bellum, Cic.: proelium, Sall. – eo autem omni sermone confecto, Cic.: reliquo sermone confecto, Caes. – quoniam (res) vi manuque confecta est, Cic.: quibus od. his rebus confectis, Sall., Caes. u.a.: omnibus enim rebus magnā curā, multā operā et labore confec-

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tis, Cic.: ad eas res conficiendas biennium sibi satis esse ducere, Caes.: id, quod ipsi diebus XX aegerrime confecerant, ut flumen transirent, Caes. – β) als t. t. der Geschäftsspr. = ein Geschäft, einen Auftrag, ein Amt, einen Vertrag usw. abtun, abmachen, abschließen, ins reine bringen, zustande bringen, vollziehen, ista confice, Cic.: c. negotium, Caes.: negotium ex sententia, Cic.: totum negotium per alqm, Cic.: mandata, Cic.: legationem et mandata, Cic.: legationis officium, Caes.: munus susceptum, munus annuum, Cic.: iurisdictionem, Cic.: rem sine pugna et sine vulnere, Caes.: de Acutiliano negotio quod mihi mandaras ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni confeceram, Cic. – c. nuptias, Ter.: pacem in suas leges, Ter.: pactiones, Cic.: pretium, den Pr. bestimmen, Cic. – u. absol. (ohne Ang. was?), c. cum alqo, mit jmd. abschließen, das Geschäft abmachen, cum coheredibus, sich auseinandersetzen, Cic. ep. 7, 2, 1: so auch c. cum alqo de columnis, Cic. ad Att. 12, 19, 1. – b) einen Gang, Lauf, einen Weg, eine Strecke usw. vollenden, zurücklegen, α) im Raume, ambulationem in Academia, Cic. – cursum (u. im Bilde cursum vitae), Cic.: cursus annuos (v. der Sonne), Cic.: hinc Scyrum inde Delum, utroque citius quam vellemus, cursum confecimus, Cic.: XXX fere diebus cursum suum (v. Gestirn Saturn), Cic. – c. iter ex sententia, Cic.: iter anno vertente, Nep.: celeriter VIII mi-

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lium iter, Caes.: a Massilia Gesoriacum usque pedestri itinere confecto, Suet.: c. breviora itinera equo, Curt.: tertiam partem itineris, Nep.: longam aliquam viam, Cic.: celeritate incredibili longissimas vias, Suet. – vario sermone sex illa a Dipylo stadia, Cic.: immensum spatiis aequor, Verg.: incredibili celeritate magnum spatium paucis diebus, Caes.: dimidium spatium (verst. itineris), Nep.: disparibus temporibus eadem spatia (v. den Sternen), Cic.: eundem XII signorum orbem annis XII (v. Gestirn Jupiter), Cic. – β) in der Zeit, annos LX confecisse, Cic.: prope centum confecisse annos, Cic.: extremum vitae diem morte, Cic. de fin. 3, 76: reliquam noctis partem ibi, vollends zubringen, Caes. – u. im Passiv, confici = zu Ende gehen, vorüber (vorbei) od. um sein, v. Zeitläufen, sic annuum tempus confici, Cic.: biennio iam confecto, Cic.: iam prope hieme confectā, Caes.: nondum hieme confectā, Caes.: confectā brumā, Col.: primā confectā vigiliā, Caes.: ante primam confectam vigiliam, Caes.: confectis aestivis, Cic.: illic solstitium, hic bruma conficitur, Sen.: vergiliarum signo confecto, nach dem Untergange des Siebengestirns, Auct. b. Afr.: u. so sidus confectum, das untergegangene, Plin.

2) durch Veranstaltungen aller Art zusammenbringen, zuwege bringen, a) aufbringen, auftreiben, verschaffen, pauxillulum nummorum, Ter.: pe-

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cuniam, innumerabilem pecuniam, Cic.: quantam pecuniam non solum numeratam, verum etiam huiuscemodi in rebus positam conficeret, Cic.: unde eam pecuniam confici posse, nisi tributo populo indicto? Liv.: permagnam ex illa re pecuniam confici posse, Cic.: ex his urbibus quinque et viginti talenta se confecturum, Liv.: frumentum, Liv. – hortos, alci hortos (durch Kauf), Cic.: alci bibliothecam, Cic. – alci virginem, Ter.: obsides, Hirt. b. G.: serpentium magnam multitudinem, Nep. – als milit. t. t., Bewaffnete durch Aushebung, Aufgebot usw. zusammen-, aufbringen, auf die Beine bringen, reliquas legiones, quas ex novo delectu confecerat, Caes.: c. regum et tetrarcharum copiis immanem exercitum, Vell.: intentissimā conquisitione ad triginta milia peditum, Liv.: hos posse conficere armata milia centum, Caes.: c. exercitus maximos, Cic.: circiter CCC equites, Caes. – als publiz. t. t., jmd. (= jmds. Stimme) jmdm. od. sich verschaffen, tribum suam necessariis suis, Cic.: centurias, Cic. – b) bewirken, α) Zustände usw. aller Art bewirken, auswirken, erzeugen, alci reditum, Cic.: alci aliquid mali, Ter.: motus animorum, Cic.: alci sollicitudines, Ter.: bene loquendi famam (v. Eigenschaften), Cic. – absol., sunt aliae (causae), quae ipsae conficiunt (unmittelbar wirken); aliae quae vim aliquam ad conficiendum afferunt, Cic. part. or. 93. – β) m. dopp. Acc. = so u. so stimmen, audi-

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torem benevolum, attentum, docilem, Cic. de inv. 1, 20: animum auditoris mitem et misericordem, ibid. 1, 106. – γ) als philos. t. t., durch Schlußfolgerung usw. bewirken = dartun, gew. m. Ang. woraus? durch ex u. Abl., conclusio est, quae brevi argumentatione ex iis, quae ante dicta sunt aut facta, conficit quod necessario consequatur, Cornif. rhet.: ex eo, quod sibi dederat quicum disputabat, conficere malebat, Cic. – im Passiv, conficitur alqd, es wird etw. dargetan, erschlossen, es ergibt sich etw., es folgt etw., ita aut ex contrario conficiatur sententia, hoc modo, Cic.: ex quo conficitur, ut etc., Cic.: cum autem, his concessis, complexio ex his non conficitur, nicht folgerecht gebildet wird, Cic.: irrefutabiliter confectum est, m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Iulian. b. Augustin. op. imperf. c. Iul. 2, 57 in.

II) gleichs. zusammenarbeiten, I) durch Zubereitung, zubereiten, verarbeiten, Ceres (invenit) molere et conficere (sc. frumentum) das Mahlen und Backen, Plin. 7, 191: sinapis confecta, Edict. Diocl. 1, 35: pellis confecta, gegerbtes Leder (Ggstz. infecta), ibid. 8. no. 18. 20. 22: pili ad funem confecti, zu Stricken gedreht, ibid. 11, 3: hibiscum in mellis crassitudinem confectum, Cael. Aur. chron. 5, 1, 12.

2) durch Zerstückelung u. durch Verbrauch übh.: a) durch Zerstückelung übh.: ligna ad fornacem, spalten, Cato: molere et c. frumenta, Plin.: molarum

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et conficiendi frumenti labor, Col. – b) durch Kauen oder Verdauen, verarbeiten, α) durch Kauen, v. den Zähnen, zerkauen, zermalmen, escas, Cic.: cibum, Liv. – v. kauenden Tieren, boves in conficiendo cibo lenti, Col. – u. übh. verarbeiten = verzehren, prandium, Plaut.: plures iam pavones confeci, quam tu pullos columbinos (scherzh.), Cic.: fortius iusta cibariorum (v. Tieren), Col.: ibes maximam vim serpentium conficiunt, Cic. – β) durch Verdauen, zersetzen, verdauen, von den Verdauungswerkzeugen, alvus cibos non conficit, Plin.: cibus confectus coctusque, Cic.: confectus et consumptus cibus, Cic.: spiritu omnia cocta et confecta in reliquum corpus dividuntur, Cic. – v. dem verdauenden Geschöpfe, omnia dentibus frangentes protinusque devorata conficientes ventre, Plin. – im Bilde, lectio non cruda, sed multā iteratione mollita et velut confecta, Quint. – c) durch Verbrauch usw. klein machen, α) v. Pers., vertun = verbrauchen, donec utriusque (vini et myrtei) terni cyathi conficiantur, Cels. – bes. Vermögen, argentum alcis, Ter.: patrimonium suum, Cic.: ornamenta equestris ordinis, Cic.: suam rem non minus strenue quam publicam, Cic. – β) von lebl. Subjj., denen verzehrende Kraft beigelegt wird, vertilgen, verzehren, conficiunt ignes silvas, Lucr.: confici igni, frigore, Lucr. – v. Abstr., nihil est enim opere et manu factum, quod non aliquando conficiat et consumat vetustas,

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Cic.: quae vetustas est, quae rem divinam conficere possit, Cic.

2) durch Erlegung od. Überwindung niedermachen, a) durch Erlegung einzelne leb. Wesen niederhauen, niederstoßen, umbringen, jmdm. den Garaus machen, Tiere erlegen, alterum Curiatium, Liv.: saucium, Liv.: leones, Sen.: feras, Suet.: eam bestiam, Val. Max.: confice, mache mir vollends den Garaus, Hor.: haec sica nuper ad regiam me paene confecit, Cic. – m. Ang. womit? wodurch? durch Abl., duodecim propugnatores totidem sagittarum ictibus, Suet.: alqm triginta vulneribus, Suet.: alqm incendio, Nep. – im Bilde, c. alqm omnibus notis ignominiisque, Liv.: superiore ex loco confici et concidi ab alqo (mit Anspielung auf das Erlegen der wilden Tiere), Cic. – b) durch Überwindung ein Heer, ein Volk, eine Provinz gleichs. niederwerfen = aufreiben, zu Paaren treiben, gänzlich unterwerfen, unterjochen, duos hostium exercitus haud minus pernicioso quam pertinaci certamine (v. Glück), Liv.: Athenienses, Nep.: provinciam, Cic.: Britanniam, Cic.

3) durch allmähliches Schwächen gleichs. fertig machen, erschöpfen, aufreiben, a) körperlich od. gemütlich, bei Ang. wodurch? m. Abl., cum meus me maeror cotidianus lacerat et conficit, Cic.: vitae cupiditas, quae me conficit angoribus, Cic.: nos in foro, in amicorum negotiis res ipsa ante confecit, quam etc.,

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Cic.: maerore se conficiens, Cic. – Dft im Passiv, confici alqā re, aufgerieben werden, sich aufreiben, fast vergehen vor usw., macie (v. Körper), Plin.: fame, frigore, Cic.: siti, Sall.: lacrimis, Cic.: angoribus, curis, Cic.: desiderio alcis rei incendi et c., Cic.: frustra maerore c., sich verg. abgrämen, Cic.: c. dolore, Cic. – u. prägn. conficior m. folg. Akk. u. Jnfin. = ich vergehe fast vor Schmerz, venisse tempus, cum etc., Cic. ad Att. 10, 18, 3. – u. Partiz. Perf. confectus, erschöpft, ganz geschwächt, teils mit Ang. wodurch? durch Abl., mulier aegra et corpore et animo c. (durch = an K. u. G.), Cic. – c. cum corporis morbo tum animi dolore, Cic.: macie et squalore, Cic.: fame, frigore, inopiā omnium rerum, Cic.: siti inopiāque, Auct. b. Afr.: opere, vigiliis, vulneribus, Liv.: multis gravibusque vulneribus, Caes. – cruciatu maximorum dolorum, Cic.: aetate, Caes.: senectute, Cic. – u. im Bilde, civitas senio confecta, altersschwacher, Cic. – c. maerore, Cic.: curis, Iustin.: luctu confectum tabescere, Cic. – v. Tieren, macie confectus lupus, ganz abgemagerter (Ggstz. perpastus canis), Phaedr. – teils absol., confectus et saucius gladiator, Cic.: c. filius, Cic.: fessi confectique, Liv. – b) politisch erschöpfen, in seiner Eristenz gefährden, aufreiben, zugrunde richten, praevalentis populi vires se ipsae conficiunt, Liv.: quae (accusandi rabies) omni civili bello gravius togatam civitatem

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confecit, setzte schwerer zu als usw., Sen.: quid affert, ut tanta civitas, si cadet, a viro tamen confecta videatur? Cic. – ⇒ Passiv auch confio, w. s.

dē-ficio, fēcī, fectum, ere (de u. facio), eig. wegmachen, I) intr. oder refl., sich weg-, fortmachen, u. zwar: A) eine Verbindung trennend = sich losmachen, abtrünnig od. untreu werden, a) im polit. Sinne (Ggstz. in fide manere, ad officium redire), defecerat Samus, descierat Hellespontus, Nep.: ne cuncta Gallia deficeret, Caes.: ut civitates eius insulae, quae semel in amicitiam nostram venissent, numquam postea deficerent, Cic. – ne civitas eorum impulsu (auf ihren Antrieb) deficeret, Caes.: iam nonnullae insulae propter acerbitatem imperii defecerant, Nep: – ne Apulia omnis ad (bei) praesentem terrorem deficeret, Liv.: ne illi ad spem amicitiae Romanorum (bei der Aussicht auf die Fr. der R.) deficerent, Liv. – m. ab u. Abl., selten m. bl. Abl.von wem? deficientes a fide societatis Lacedaemonii, Iustin.: qui (Tissaphernes) ab amicitia regis defecerat, Nep.: ceteri qui unā cum illo a re publica defecerunt, Cic.: consules a senatu, a re publica, a bonis omnibus defecerant, Cic.: numquam isti populi, nisi cum deerit ad quem desciscant, ab nobis non deficient, Liv.: animadvertit non modo Romae sed ubique cotidie magnam multitudinem deficere a cultu idolorum et ad religionem novam damnatā vetustate transire, Lact. – illis legibus (von den G.) populus Romanus prior non deficiet (wird nicht abgehen); si prior defexit publico consilio dolo

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malo, tum etc., alte Eidesformel b. Liv. 1, 24, 7 sq. – m. ad u. Akk., defecere ad Poenos hi populi, Liv.: post victoriam maior pars Asiae ad eum defecit, Iustin.: qui primus a patribus ad plebem defecisset, Liv.: Athenienses et Thebanos ab eo ad Persas defecisse, Iustin. – b) moral. od. intellektuell: si a virtute defeceris, Cic.: ut a me ipse deficerem (mir selbst untreu würde), Cic.: si plane a nobis deficis (von unserer Ansicht), Cic.: si utilitas ab amicitia defecerit, Cic.

B) abnehmend, schwindend sich wegmachen od. wegbleiben, abnehmen, abfallen, ausgehen, ausbleiben, aufhören, a) dem Umfange, der Größe, Höhe nach, v. Monde, abnehmen (Ggstz. crescere), eadem autem, quae crescente lunā gliscunt, deficiente contra defiunt, Gell. 20, 8, 5. – v. Sonne u. Tag, untergehen, sich neigen, erlöschen, quā venit (deus = sol) exoriens, quā deficit, Prop.: ubi dies deficit, ibi noctem agunt, Mela: die iam deficiente, Petron. – v. Sonne u. Mond, sich verfinstern, quod navigantibus eis sol defecerat (eine Sonnenfinsternis eingetreten war), Iustin.: solem lunae oppositu solere deficere, Cic.: luna interpositu interiectuque terrae repente deficit, Cic.: serenā nocte subito candens et plena luna deficit, Cic.: sol deficiens, Cic.: luna deficiens, Curt.: rationes veras solis et lunae deficientium scire, Gell. – v. Feuer u. Licht, ab-, ausgehen, erlöschen, ubi

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ignem deficere extremum videbat, Verg. Aen. 9, 352 (verschieden von Verg. Aen. 2, 505, s. no. b): quoties defecerat lumen, renovabat, Petron. 111, 4. – v. Gewässern, abnehmen, zurücktreten, sich verlieren (Ggstz. crescere, increscere, exuberare, exaestuare), fons meridie semper deficit; mox increscens ad medium noctis exuberat, ab eo rursus sensim deficit, Plin.: stagnum incertae altitudinis, utcumque exaestuat aut deficit mare, flutet od. ebbet, Liv. – v. Quellen u. Flüssen, ausbleiben, versiegen, deficiunt laesi carmine (durch Zauberspruch) fontis aquae, Ov.: Euphrates nusquam manifesto exitu effluit, ut alii amnes, sed deficit, Mela. – v. der Welt, untergehen (Ggstz. nasci), s. Quint. 5, 10, 79. – v. Befestigungswerken, weichen, nachgeben, Curt. 4, 4 (19), 12.

b) der Ausdehnung in die Länge nach, aufhören, quā deficit ignis (wohin das Feuer nicht gedrungen ist), Verg. Aen. 2, 505 (verschieden von Verg. Aen. 9, 352, s. oben no. a): quoniam talis semper figura mucrone deficiat, Plin.: gestatio buxo aut rore marino, ubi deficit buxus, ambitur, Plin. ep. – bes. v. Örtl., deficiunt silvae, Ov.: ultima pars aulae deficientis erat, Mart.: in deficiente iam porticu, Petron.

c) der Menge, Zahl, dem Inhalte nach, abnehmen, auf die Neige gehen, nicht (mehr) ausreichen, ausgehen, mangeln, fehlen, α) übh. (Ggstz. crescere, superare): non materia, non frumentum deficere pote-

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rat, Caes.: fructus (al. frons) ex arboribus deficiebat, Caes.: postquam inter arenas radices quoque et herbae defecerant, Sen.: pabulo circa deficiente, Plin.: aqua etiam defecerat, Curt.: cum eius generis (an derart Leuten) copia deficeret, Caes.: non deficiente crumenā (mit hinreichenden Mitteln), Hor. ep. 1, 4, 11: deficiente crumenā et crescente, Iuven. 11, 38: utrum superans an deficiens materia (Körpersäfte) laeserit, Cels.: si vel superans aliquid vel deficiens (ein Übermaß od. ein Mangel) adversam valetudinem creet, Cels.: si lacrimae deficient, Ov. – v. Abstr., nec vero levitatis Atheniensium exempla deficiunt, Cic.: deficit non voluntas, sed spes, Cic.: quod mihi consuevit in ceteris causis esse adiumento, id quoque in hac causa deficit, Cic. – v. Pers., cum esset Demosthenes, multi oratores magni et clari fuerunt et ante fuerant nec postea defecerunt, Cic. or. 6: Pygmaei, minutum genus, et quod pro satis frugibus contra grues dimicando defecit (ausgegangen ist), Mela 3, 8, 8 (3. § 81). – Insbes. als jurist. t. t., α) v. Rechtsfällen = wegfallen, in Wegfall kommen, keine Anwendung finden, nicht stattfinden od. -haben, nicht eintreten, zB. deficit actio, ICt.: deficit interdictum, ICt. – β) prägn., v. Pers., in Vermögensverfall kommen, verarmen, bankrott-, zahlungsunfähig werden, nisi principales debitores defecerint, Callistr. dig. 49, 14, 3. § 8: deficit Matho, Iuven. 7, 129 (vgl. unten no. II defici fa-

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cultatibus, Ulp. dig. 23, 3, 33 in.).

d) der Zeitdauer nach, nicht ausreichen, zu kurz sein, dies deficiat, si velim numerare, quibus bonis male evenerit, Cic.: dies deficiat, si velim paupertatis causam defendere, Cic. (vgl. no. II, a, wo dies iam me deficiet, si etc.): si tempus anni ad bellum gerendum deficeret, Caes.: utque solebamus consumere longa loquendo tempora, sermoni (al. sermonem) deficiente die, Ov. trist. 5, 13, 27 sq.

e) der Reihenfolge nach aufhören, erlöschen, remotus iam deficientis affinitatis gradus, Plin. pan. 39, 6: progenies Caesarum in Nerone defecit, Suet. Galb. 1.

f) der intensiven Stärke, inneren Kraft, dem Grade nach abnehmen, ausgehen, auf die Neige gehen, erlahmen, ermatten, erlöschen, in Verfall kommen, dahinschwinden, sinken, erschöpft (entkräftet, abgespannt, geschwächt, gelähmt) sein od. sich fühlen, die Kraft (Kräfte) verlieren, von Kräften kommen,α) v. sächl. Subjj., u. zwar v. Körper, v. Gliedern, Körperkräften u. dgl., deficiunt corpora, Quint.: in ipso gelu deficientia corpora, Curt.: inclinatum ac deficiens caput, Curt.: id membrum, quod deficit, das gelähmte Glied, Cels.: membra deficere coeperunt, Curt.: me tenuit moriens deficiente manu, Ov.: deficiunt ad coepta manus, Ov.: quorundam adversus hostes deficit manus, Sen. rhet. – anima deficit, es

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tritt Ohnmacht ein, Cels.: deficientibus animis, indem die Besinnung ausging, Liv.: antequam ultimus spiritus deficeret, Curt. – ne vires deficiant, utique eo die cibum assumere debet (aeger), Cels.: quamvis consenuerint vires atque defecerint, Cic. – v. der Stimme u. Rede, vox iam deficere coeperat, Curt.: credo, si meis horis in accusando uti voluissem, vererer, ne mihi crimina non suppeterent, ne oratio deesset, ne vox viresque deficerent, Cic.: deficiente oratione, da ihm die Worte ausgingen, Liv.: deflere dicitur ore suam deficiente necem (v. Schwan), Ov. – v. physischen Zuständen, itaque et animantes, cum calor defecerit, tum interire, Cic. de nat. deor. 3, 15. – v. polit. Zuständen, bellum ibi aliquando defecit, Flor. 4, 2, 6: deficiente cotidie regis maiestate, täglich (an Ansehen) abnahm, sank, Iustin. 3, 1, 1. – v. Rechtszuständen, si cautio medio tempore defecerit, wenn die bestellte Kaution in Verfall gekommen ist (= wegen Zahlungsunfähigkeit des Schuldners nicht erfüllt werden kann), Papin. dig. 35, 1, 73. – v. geistigen u. gemütlichen Zuständen, noli ergo mirari, si pictura deficit, wenn die Malerkunst (in ihren Leistungen) sinkt (herunterkommt), Petron.: deficit ars animique cadunt, Ov.: nisi memoria (das Gedächtnis) forte defecerit, Cic.: utcumque defecere mores (Zucht u. Sitte), Hor.: cur deficiat animus (Mut)? Quint.: u. so primum animi, deinde corpora deficere coeperunt,

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Curt. – m. Dat. wem? mihi iam toto hic furor non deficit anno, hört auf, Prop. 1, 1, 7. – m. in u. Abl., ut id (odium) in me uno potius, quam in optimo quoque et in universa civitate deficeret, aufhörte (sich austobte), Cic. post red. ad Quir. 1; vgl. duo milia, in quibus occidendis defecerat rabies, Curt. 4, 4 (19), 17. – poet. m. folg. Infin. = nachlassen, aufhören zu usw., Lucr. 1, 1040. Caes. German. Arat. 260 (vgl. unten no. β). – β) v. persönl. Subjj.: is qui deficit, der Schwache, Cels.: lassus tam cito deficis viator, Mart.: medicus si deficere aegrum non intellegit, Sen.: deficiebat elephantus, Curt.: equus deficiens procubuit, Curt.: malle eum deficere quam desinere, daß ihm eher der Atem als die Rede ausgehe, Quint.: optimus virtutis finis est antequam deficias desinere, Sen. rhet.: nec tamen illi defecerunt (ermatteten [im Forschen]) neque nos studium exquirendi defatigati relinquemus, Cic.: Ggstz. incertum est an (filii) proficiant (gedeihen), an deficiant (schwächlich werden), Augustin. in psalm. 38, 19. – m. Abl. wodurch? womit? et simul lassitudine et procedente iam die fame etiam deficere, Liv.: quod multi Gallicis tot bellis defecerant, schwach, invalid geworden waren, Caes.: neque coniuncti Albicis (mit den Alb.) comminus pugnando deficiebant, ermatteten nicht durch den Nahkampf = ließen es nicht im N. an sich fehlen, Caes. – def. totā mente, ganz von Sinnen kom-

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men, ganz die Besinnung verlieren, Ov.: def. animo, den Mut (die Hoffnung) sinken lassen, zB. animo deficiens, ohne Hoffnung u. Trost, Lucr.: ipse animo non defecerat tanto accepto incommodo, Caes.: sin a vobis deserar, tamen animo non deficiam, Cic.: consul nec animo defecit nec consilio, dem K. ging weder der Mut noch die Einsicht ab, Liv.: non tamen defecere animis Tyrii, Curt. – def. vitā, mit dem Leben auf die Neige kommen, verscheiden, Plaut. asin. 609. – def. sanguine et spiritu, an der Verblutung verscheiden, Val. Max. 3, 2. ext. 5. – m. folg. Infin., nachlassen, aufhören zu usw., Tibull. 4, 1, 191. Rutil. Lup. 2, 18 (vgl. oben no. α a. E.). – Prägn., αα) die Besinnung verlieren, in Ohnmacht fallen, animo linquuntur deficiuntque, Scrib.: deficit in thalamis, Val. Flacc. – ββ) den Halt verlieren, den Mut sinken lassen, kleinmütig werden (s. Heinse Ov. her. 19, 8. Duker Flor. 2, 2, 17. Burm. Ps. Quint. decl. 339), sed tamen quam diu vos eritis in spe, non deficiam, Cic.: ne unā plagā acceptā patres conscripti concĭderent, ne deficerent, Cic.: Turnus ut infractos adverso Marte Latinos defecisse videt, Verg.: deficit ingenti luctu rex ipse Latinus, Verg.: ne hi propter suorum paucitatem et hostium multitudinem metu (aus F.) deficerent, Auct. b. Afr.: nec defuerant qui ipsi Punici maris nomine ac terrore deficerent, Flor. – in duris (in Drangsalen) haud umquam defice, laß nicht

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den Mut sinken, Val. Flacc. 4, 35. – γγ) verscheiden, hinsterben, cum deficere eum amici viderent, Iustin.: paulatim defecit, Sen.: defecit prope lucem, Suet.: in ea voce defecit, Suet.: eo anno, quo ille defecit, Sulp. Sev.: voces (Äußerungen) deficientis, Tac.: momenta (Stadien) deficientis, Tac.

g) als jurist. t. t., vom zur Erbschaft Berufenen, der sie aber nicht erwerben will od. kann, ausfallen, in Wegfall kommen, nicht in Betracht kommen, deficiente gradu nepotum, wenn die Abstufung der E. in Wegfall kommt, ICt.: is in parte quoque deficientis est heres, ICt.: deficientium partes accipere, ICt.

II) v. tr.: a) act., jmd. verlassen = jmd. im Stiche lassen, sich jmdm. entziehen, von lebl. Subjj. auch jmdm. ausbleiben, ausgehen, auf die Neige gehen, dahinschwinden, jmdm. abgehen, gebrechen, für jmd. nicht ausreichen, α) v. Pers.: quoniam me Leontina civitas atque legatio propter eam quam dixi causam defecit, mihimet ineunda ratio est etc., Cic. Verr. 3, 110: genitor Phaëthontis (der Sonnengott) cum deficit orbem, sich der Welt entzieht (= sich verfinstert), Ov. met. 2, 382: Somnus (Schlaf als Gott) sollicitas deficit ante domos, Tibull. 3, 4, 20. – absol., dubiis ne defice rebus, laß (mich) nicht im Stiche, Verg. Aen. 6, 196. – β) v. lebl. Subjj.: αα) m. Acc. pers.: ipsos res frumentaria deficere coepit, Caes.: non eum defecit mare, sed commeatus, Mela:

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cum non solum vires, sed etiam tela nostros deficerent, Caes.: cum oppidanos iam tela, iam vires, iam ante omnia animus (Mut) deficeret, Liv.: frustra meae vitae subvenire conamini, quem iam sanguis viresque deficiunt, Caes.: cum me vires deficere coepissent, Cic.: deficient inopem venae te, ni cibus accedet, dir Armen versiegen die Adern (versiegt die Lebenskraft), Hor.: sectantem levia (Abglättung) nervi deficiunt animique (dichterischer Geist), Hor.: ii, quos discentes vita defecit, Cic.: me dies, vox, latera deficiant, si hoc nunc vociferari velim, Cic.: dies iam me deficiat, si, quae dici in eam sententiam possunt, coner expromere, Cic. (vgl. oben no. I, B, d): dies me citius defecerit quam nomina, Cic.: tempus te citius quam oratio deficeret, Cic.: tempus deficiet domestica narrantem, Val. Max.: neque est periculum, ne te de re publica disserentem deficiat oratio, Cic.: omnia colligo, ut novi scribam aliquid ad te; sed, ut vides, res me ipsa deficit, Cic.: ut eorum, quae didicerimus, memoria nos deficiat, Col.: si te deficient poscendi munera causae, Ov. – dolor (Unwille) me non deficit, Cic.: si quem illa praestantis ingenii vis forte deficiet, Cic.: animus si te non deficiet aequus, Hor.: prudentia numquam deficit oratorem, Cic.: ea me solacia deficiunt, Cic.: cum motus omnis animi, tamquam ventus, hominem defecerat (sich gelegt hatte), flaccescebat oratio, Cic. – m. Abl. wodurch? nostros

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vires lassitudine deficiebant, Caes. – m. in (in, bei) u. Abl., vox eum defecit in illo loco: ›Si sciens fallo‹, Cic.: nec supersumus pugnae nisi in quibus trucidandis et ferrum et vires hostem defecerunt (den Dienst versagten), Liv.: si me in mea querimonia... non modo vires, sed etiam vita deficiat, mir ausginge, Cic.: Fonteium in hac causa deficerent omnia, Cic. – m. ad u. Akk. Gerund., quia consulem ad regendum equum vires deficiebant, Liv. – poet. m. folg. Infin., nec me deficiet nautas rogitare citatos, ich werde nicht nachlassen (nimmer ruhen), Prop. 1, 8, 23. – ββ) m. Acc. rei: ne deficiant animum, Varro: linguam defecerat umor (Speichel), Ov.: noctes lentus non deficit umor (Tau), Verg.

b) pass.: α) deficitur alqs od. alqd ab alqa re od. bl. alqā re, es wird jmd. od. eine Sache von etw. verlassen, im Stiche gelassen, es geht mit etw. bei jmd. auf die Neige, es verläßt jmd. etw., es bleibt od. geht jmdm. etw. aus, es ist jmd. ohne etw., es geht jmdm. od. einer Sache etw. ab, es mangelt od. gebricht jmdm. od. einer Sache an etw. (dah. Ggstz. abundat alqs od. alqd alqā re), teils v. pers. Subjj., defici a viribus, Caes.: deficior prudens artis ab arte mea, Ov.: quae (mulier) neque peperit neque gravida est, si lac habet, a menstruis defecta est, bei ihr ist die Regel ausgeblieben, Cels. – defici pecuniā, clientium turbā, nobilitate et avorum proavorumque serie, Sen.: defici

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non gressu modo, sed et visu, Suet.: defici copiā pabuli frumentique, Hirt. b. G.: lacte defici (v. einer Hündin), Col.: animo defici, die Besinnung verlieren, ohnmächtig werden, Curt.: auxilio defici, in einen hilflosen Zustand geraten, Scrib.: defici facultatibus, in Vermögensverfallkommen, verarmen, Ulp. dig. 23, 3, 33 in. (vgl. oben no. I, B, c aus Iuven. 7, 129): non defici extemporali facultate, Suet.: tempore deficiar, tragicos si persequar ignes, Ov.: mulier abundat audaciā, consilio et ratione deficitur, Cic. – m. folg. Satz m. quominus u. Konj., si memoriā deficitur, quo minus agnoscat cuiusque progeniem, Col. 7, 9, 12. – Partiz. Perf., aquā ciboque defecti, Quint.: defectus pilis, nur noch dünn behaart, Phaedr.: defectus aetatis viribus et acie oculorum, Val. Max.: defectus senio, Col.: defectus annis et desertus viribus, mit den Jahren auf der Neige, Phaedr.: u. Superl., defectissimus annis et viribus, Col. 1. prooem. § 12. – ohne Abl., colluvies defectae fidei, Apul. met. 5, 24: defectae senectutis homo, ein altersschwacher, Ulp. dig.: Plur. subst., dēfectī, ōrum, m., Schwache, Plin. 2, 28. – teils von sächl. u. abstr. Subjj., Mysiam Libyamque aiunt abundare frumentis; nec tamen Apulos Campanosque agros opimis defici segetibus, Mela: haec amoenitas deficitur aquā salienti, Plin. ep.: ut defunctorum voluntates, etiamsi iure deficerentur, quasi perfectas tuerer, Plin. ep. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., mul-

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torum crudelitas et ambitio et luxuria, ut paria pessimis audeat, fortunae favore deficitur, Sen. ep. 42, 4. – u. Partiz. Perf., defectum corpore caput, vom Rumpfe getrennter, Plin. pan.: defecta vigore cervix, Ov.: sanguine defecti artus, verbluteten, Ov.: sol defectus lumine, Tibull.: ars nec exemplis pauperior nec oratione defectior, ermangelnder, Apul. de deo Socr. prol. p. 111 H. (p. 4, 17 G.). – β) absol., prägn., teils = an Substanz abfallen, si non terrestri cibo membra corporis alantur, deficientur (so schwinden sie zusammen), Vitr. 8. praef. § 2: teils = die Kräfte (den Atem) verlieren, ermattet-, erschöpft werden, in quo non modo defici (den Atem verlieren), sed etiam laborare (zu stocken) turpe est, Cic. Brut. 34: non usque adeo defectum (esse) Germanicum, fühle sich entkräftet, Tac. ann. 2, 70: teils deficior = es gebricht mir an Befähigung dazu, uti si quid de his rebus et artibus iudicare et probare opus fuerit ne deficiatur, Vitr. 1, 1, 16. – u. Partiz. defectus, α) als jurist. t. t., vom Schuldner im Stiche gelassen, defecta nomina, nicht mehr einzutreibende Schuldforderungen, Paul. dig. 22, 1, 11. § 1. – β) mangelhaft, currus (weil ihm die Vorstecknägel vor den Rädern fehlen), Hyg. fab. 84. – γ) abgeschwächt, schwach, im Kompar., in tumidis (speculis videntur) omnia defectiora, at contra in cavis auctiora, Apul. apol. 16. – insbes., physisch geschwächt, schwach (bes. auch

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altersschwach), ermattet, erschöpft (s. Heinse Ov. fast. 3, 674), v. Pers., quod sibi defectis illa tulisset opem, Ov.: sidera obscura attributa defectis, den Altersschwachen, Plin.: v. Körper usw. u. v. menschl. Zuständen, defectum corpus, Tac.: homo defectae senectutis, ICt.: def. amor, Ov. – ⇒ defexit altlat. = defecerit, alte Eidesformel bei Liv. 1, 24, 8.

īn-ficio, fēcī, fectum, ero (facio), mit etwas anmachen, d.h. mit etwas so vermischen, daß es dessen Geschmack od. Farbe annimmt u. so seine natürliche Beschaffenheit wenn nicht verliert, doch verändert, I) im allg.: hoc (dictamno) fusum labris splendentibus amnem (= aquam) inficit, macht das Wasser mit Diktamnum an = teilt ihm seine Kraft mit, indem sie den Saft aus den Stengeln ausdrückt, Verg.: pinnas, quas meo gremio nectarei fontis infeci, mit nektarischem Quell befeuchtet, Apul.: aër infectus (verseuchte), Plin. – carnes lasere infectae, angemacht, Apul.: alieno sapore infici, den Geschmack von anderen Dingen annehmen (v. Oliven), Plin.: mel infectum fronde, der den Laubgeschmack angenommen hat, Plin. – poet., Scythas tepidā Phoebus inficiet rotā = beleuchten u. erwärmen, Sen. poët.

II) insbes.: A) mit einer Farbe anmachen, tränken = färben, 1) eig.: lanas, Plin.: infecta conchylio lana, Plin.: cera etiam, quā ungere solent naves, inficitur (sc. colore Veneto), wird damit gefärbt, Veget. mil. – v. Bemalen, se vitro (v. den Britanniern), Caes.; vgl. Britanni vitro corpora (am K.) infecti, Mela: palpebrae infectae mulieribus, Plin.: lumina caeruleis infecta notis, Claud. – v. Färben, Tränken mit Blut, aequor, rives sanguine, Hor.: undas hostili cruore, Val. Max.: quem locum Galba moriens san-

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guine infecerat, Tac.: cum quidem eius civili sanguine non inquinatas solum manus, sed infectas ait, Sen. rhet: infectas sanguine habere manus, Prop.: arma sanguine sparsoque infecta cerebro, Verg.: so auch bl. inf. flumina, Lact.: infecta maria, Plin. pan. – v. Färben der Wolken durch die Sonne, sic ut nubes infici possint, ita sol ad hoc apte ponendus est, Sen. – v. Bräunen, Schwärzen der Sonne usw., infecta lintea, schwarze Segel, Catull.: infecti sole populi, Plin.: (Phoebus) flammā propiore nudos inficit Indos, Sen. poët.: veluti infecta fumo iaspis, Plin. – v. Verdunkeln des Tageslichts durch Rauch usw., nigri volumina fumi infecere diem, Ov.: (Megaera) Phoebi serenos infecit radios, Claud. – v. Verdunkeln des Feuers der Augen, nox oculorum infecerat ignes, Claud. – v. Röten der Wangen, des Antlitzes, niveas infecerat igni solque pudorque genas, erglühen lassen, Claud.: rubor igneus inficit ora, Lucan.: ut virgo deducta marito inficitur teneras, ore rubente, genas, die Wangen der Braut erglühen, Tibull. – v. Entfärben der Gesichtsfarbe, ora pallor albus inficit, Hor.: infectae pallore genae, Claud.

2) übtr., benetzen, tränken (puer) iam infici debet iis artibus, quas si dum est tener combiberit, ad maiora veniet paratior, Cic. de fin. 3, 9: qui magisterio quodam et ductu vitae colorat mores adulescentium et velut murice probitatis inficit, Ambros. de off. 1, 43,

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211: quemadmodum lana quosdam colores semel ducit, quosdam nisi saepius macerata et recocta non perbibit, sic alias disciplinas ingenia, cum accepere, protinus praestant; haec (sc. sapientia) nisi alte descendit et diu sedit et animum non coloravit, sed infecit, nihil ex his, quae promiserat, praestat, dem G. nicht die volle Färbung, sondern nur einen äußern Anstrich gegeben, Sen. ep. 71, 31: crebrae et muliebribus blandimentis infectae epistulae, Tac. hist. 1, 74.

B) mit etwas Schädlichem, mit Gift usw. anmachen, tränken = vergiften, 1) eig.: nos sagittas tingimus..., flumina inficimus, Plin. – ubi fontes potu infecit (serpens), Sen.: pocula veneno infecta, Iustin. – poet., Gorgoneis Alecto infecta venenis, angetan mit den Schlangenhaaren (u. daher vergiftend), Verg. – vom Vergiften, Verpesten, Anstecken durch pestilenzialische Dünste und Krankheiten, quique halitus exit ore niger Stygio vitiatas inficit herbas, Ov.: infectum caelum, Claud.: corrupitque lacus, infecit pabula tabo, Verg.: infice tabe tuā natarum Cecropis unam, Ov.: aliquis locus urinā infectus, Schol. Pers. 1, 112.

2) übtr., vergiften, verpesten, anstecken, beflecken (aber stärker als inquinare), nos umbris, deliciis, otio, languore animum infecimus, Cic.: qui teneros et rudes cum acceperunt, inficiunt et flectunt, quo volunt, Cic.: diu in istis vitiis iacuimus; elui difficile est;

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non enim inquinati sumus (befleckt), sed infecti (angesteckt), Sen.: ut cupiditatibus principum et vitiis infici solet tota civitas, sic emendari et corrigi continentiā, Cic.: qui hinc integri et sinceri Romam eunt... imbuti illinc et infecti Romanis delenimentis redeunt, Liv.: legiones velut tabie infectae, Tac.: rex hostium artibus infectus, Tac.: ebenso homines superstitione infecti, Tac. – vereor, ne hoc, quod infectum est, serpat longius, die jetzige Ansteckung = der bereits angerichtete Schaden, Cic. ad Att. 1, 13, 3. – poet., aliis sub gurgite vasto infectum eluitur scelus, das Verbrechen, von dem sie angesteckt wurden, der Sünde Schandfleck, Verg. Aen. 6, 741 sq.

per-ficio, fēcī, fectum, ere (per u. facio), etw. durch u. durch-, etw. fertig machen, zustande bringen, mit etw. zustande kommen, etw. vollenden, I) von jeder äußerl. Tätigkeit, die sich in Vollendung eines handgreiflichen, in die Sinne fallenden Produktes kundgibt, 1) fertigmachen, fertigbauen, vollenden (Ggstz. inchoare), pontem, Caes.: aedem antiquitus inchoatam, Suet.: candelabrum e gemmis clarissimis opere mirabili perfectum, Cic. – 2) durcharbeiten, verarbeiten, cibos ambulatione, verdauen, Plin.: lanas, zubereiten, Plin.: coria, gar machen, Plin.: corium perfectum (gegerbtes, Ggstz. pilosum, noch mit den Haaren), Corp. inscr. Lat. 8, 4508. – 3) eine Summe als Ertrag zuwege bringen, erzielen, herausschlagen, perfici sexagena (milia HS) posse, Varro r. r. 3, 6, 6. – 4) übtr., einen Zeitraum vollenden, über einen Zeitraum hinaussein, centum qui perficit annos, der vor 100 Jahren gelebt hat, Hor.: perfectis, quos terrae debuit, annis, überstanden, Ov. – poet., perfecto sole, nachdem die Sonne (der Tag) zu Ende war, Stat. – II) v. derjenigen Tätigkeit, die sich in Vollendung von Handlungen u. Zuständen kundgibt: 1) zustande bringen, a) = verwirklichen, ausführen (Ggstz. conari, cogitare u. dgl.), verb. absolvere et perficere, Cic.: multa, Cic.: scelus, Cic.: cogitata, Cic.: conata, Caes.: promissa, Ter.:

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mandata, Liv.: perfectum rite votum, Solin. – b) v. der leitenden Tätigkeit, hinaushalten, zu Ende bringen, beendigen, beschließen, comitia, Liv., ferias Latinas comitiaque omnia, Caes.: lustrum, Liv. (s. Fabri Liv. 24, 43, 9): censum, Liv.: bellum, Liv. (s. Fabri Liv. 22, 38, 7). – c) einen Beschluß abfassen, his senatus consultis perfectis, Liv.: consules perficere senatus decretum non ausi sunt, Tac. – d) etw. durchsetzen, erlangen, bewirken, es dahin bringen, rem, Ter. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., perfice hoc precibus, pretio, ut etc., Ter.: perficiam, ut etc., Cic.: tum perfecit, ut etc., Nep.: perfice, si potes (womöglich), ut etc., Cic.: u. im Imperat. (wie fac) zur Umschr. eines affirmativen Imperativs, perfice, ut cures, Cic. – m. folg. ne u. Konj., omnia perfecit, quae senatus salvā re publicā ne fieri possent perfecerat, Cic. Phil. 2, 55. – non perf. m. folg. quo minus u. Konj., illud non perficies, quo minus tuā causā velim, Cic. ep. 3, 7, 6. – 2) obszön, wie ενεργειν, zustande kommen, prästieren, hunc, bei diesem, Mart. 3, 79, 2; vgl. Ov. art. am. 1, 389: tricies cum muliere, Capit. Maximin. 4, 7. – 3) prägn., vollkommen ausbilden, Achillem citharā, Ov. art. am. 1, 11.

prae-ficio, fēcī, fectum, ere (prae u. facio), vorsetzen, jmd. (als Aufseher, Vorsteher, Befehlshaber usw.) über etw. od. jmd. setzen, alqm pecori, Cic.: alqm provinciae, einem Amte vorsetzen, Plaut.: Galliae, Caes.: Syriae, Curt.: provinciae, Caes.: bello gerendo u. bl. bello, Cic.: legioni, Caes.: classi, Caes. u. Nep.: navibus, Caes.: sacerdotio Neptuni, Plin.: sacerdotes dis (= sacris deorum), Liv. – pr. alqm in eo exercitu, ein Kommando, eine Offizierstelle verleihen, zum Offizier machen, Cic. – ⇒ praefectus, ī, m., mit Dat. u. Genet., s. bes.

af-fĭcĭo (better adf-), affēci (adf-), affectum (adf-), 3, v. a. [facio], to do something to one, i. e. to exert an influence on body or mind, so that it is brought into such or such a state (used by the poets rarely, by Hor. never).

Of the body rarely, and then commonly in a bad sense:

ut aestus, labor, fames, sitisque corpora adficerent,

Liv. 28, 15:

contumeliis adficere corpora sua,

Vulg. Rom. 1, 24:

non simplex Damasichthona vulnus Adficit,

Ov. M. 6, 255:

aconitum cor adficit,

Scrib. Comp. 188:

corpus adficere M. Antonii,

Cic. Phil. 3:

pulmo totus adficitur,

Cels. 4, 7; with abl. of spec.:

stomacho et vesicā adfici,

Scrib. Comp. 186. —In bon. part.:

corpus ita adficiendum est, ut oboedire rationi possit,

Cic. Off. 1, 23.—

More freq. of the mind:

litterae tuae sic me adfecerunt, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 14, 3, 2:

is terror milites hostesque in diversum adfecit,

Tac. A. 11, 19:

varie sum adfectus tuis litteris,

Cic. Fam. 16, 2:

consules oportere sic adfici, ut, etc.,

Plin. Pan. 90:

adfici a Gratiā aut a Voluptate,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12; id. Mil. 29, 79:

sollicitudo de te duplex nos adficit,

id. Brut. 92, 332:

uti ei qui audirent, sic adficerentur animis, ut eos adfici vellet orator,

id. de Or. 1, 19, 87 B. and K.:

adfici animos in diversum habitum,

Quint. 1, 10, 25.—

With acc. and abl., to affect a person or (rarely) thing with something; in a good sense, to bestow upon, grace with; in a bad sense, to visit with, inflict upon; or the ablative and verb may be rendered by the verb corresponding to the ablative, and if an adjective accompany the ablative, this adjective becomes an adverb.—Of inanimate things (rare): luce locum adficiens, lighting up the place, Varr. ap. Non. p. 250, 2:

adficere medicamine vultum,

Ov. Med. Fac. 67:

factum non eo nomine adficiendum,

designated, Cic. Top. 24, 94:

res honore adficere,

to honor, id. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

non postulo, ut dolorem eisdem verbis adficias, quibus Epicurus, etc.,

id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18.—

Very freq. of persons.

In a good sense:

Qui praedā atque agro adoreāque adfecit populares suos,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 38:

quem sepulturā adficit,

buries, Cic. Div. 1, 27, 56:

patres adfecerat gloriā,

id. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

admiratione,

id. Off. 2, 10, 37:

voluptate,

id. Fin. 3, 11, 37:

beneficio,

id. Agr. 1, 4, 13:

honore,

id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147:

laude,

id. Off. 2, 13, 47:

nomine regis,

to style, id. Deiot. 5, 14:

bonis nuntiis,

Plaut. Am. prol. 8:

muneribus,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3; Nep. Ages. 3, 3:

praemio,

Cic. Mil. 30, 82:

pretio,

Verg. A. 12, 352:

stipendio,

Cic. Balb. 27, 61.—

In a bad sense: injuriā abs te adficior indignā, pater, am wronged unjustly, Enn. ap. Auct. ad Heren. 2, 24, 38; so Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 3:

Quantā me curā et sollicitudine adficit Gnatus,

id. ib. 2, 4, 1; so Cic. Att. 1, 18:

desiderio,

id. Fam. 2, 12:

timore,

to terrify, id. Quint. 2, 6:

difficultate,

to embarrass, Caes. B. G. 7, 6:

molestiā,

to trouble, Cic. Att. 15, 1:

tantis malis,

Vulg. Num. 11, 15:

maculā,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 39, 113:

ignominiā,

id. ib. 39, 123:

contumeliis,

Vulg. Ezech. 22, 7; ib. Luc. 20, 11:

rerum et verborum acerbitatibus,

Suet. Calig. 2:

verberibus,

Just. 1, 5:

supplicio,

Cic. Brut. 1, 16; so Caes. B. G. 1, 27:

poenā,

Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

exsilio,

to banish, id. Thras. 3:

morte, cruciatu, cruce,

Cic. Verr. 3, 4, 9:

morte,

Vulg. Matt. 10, 21:

cruce,

Suet. Galb. 9:

ultimis cruciatibus,

Liv. 21, 44:

leto,

Nep. Regg. 3, 2.—And often in pass.:

sollicitudine et inopiā consilii,

Cic. Att. 3, 6:

adfici aegritudine,

id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

doloribus pedum,

id. Fam. 6, 19:

morbo oculorum,

Nep. Hann. 4, 3:

inopiā rei frumentariae,

Caes. B. G. 7, 17:

calamitate et injuriā,

Cic. Att. 11, 2:

magnā poenā, Auct. B. G. 8, 39: vulneribus,

Col. R. R. 4, 11:

torminibus et inflationibus,

Plin. 29, 5, 33, § 103:

servitute,

Cic. Rep. 1, 44.—Hence, affectus ( adf-), a, um, P. a.

In a peculiar sense, that on which we have bestowed labor, that which we are now doing, so that it is nearly at an end; cf.: Adfecta, sicut M. Cicero et [p. 67] veterum elegantissime locuti sunt, ea proprie dicebantur, quae non ad finem ipsum, sed proxime finem progressa deductave erant, Gell. 3, 16:

bellum adfectum videmus et paene confectum,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:

in provinciā (Caesar) commoratur, ut ea. quae per eum adfecta sunt, perfecta rei publicae tradat,

id. ib. 12, 29: cum adfectā prope aestate uvas a sole mitescere tempus, etc., near the end of summer, id. ap. Gell. l. c.:

Jamque hieme adfectā mitescere coeperat annus,

Sil. 15, 502:

in Q. Mucii infirmissimā valetudine adfectāque jam aetate,

Cic. de Or. 1,45,200; id. Verr. 2,4,43, § 95.—

In nearly the same sense as the verb, absol. and with abl.

Of persons laboring under disease, or not yet quite recovered:

Qui cum ita adfectus esset, ut sibi ipse diffideret,

was in such a state, Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 2:

Caesarem Neapoli adfectum graviter videam,

very ill, id. Att. 14, 17; so Sen. Ep. 101:

quem adfectum visuros crediderant,

ill, Liv. 28, 26:

corpus adfectum,

id. 9, 3:

adfectae vires corporis,

reduced strength, weakness, id. 5, 18:

puella,

Prop. 3, 24, 1:

aegra et adfecta mancipia,

Suet. Claud. 25:

jam quidem adfectum, sed tamen spirantem,

id. Tib. 21.—

Of things, weakened, sick, broken, reduced:

partem istam rei publicae male adfectam tueri,

Cic. Fam. 13, 68:

adfecta res publica,

Liv. 5, 57:

Quid est enim non ita adfectum, ut non deletum exstinctumque esse fateare?

Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 3:

sic mihi (Sicilia) adfecta visa est, ut hae terrae solent, in quibus bellum versatum est,

id. Verr. 5, 18, 47:

adfecta res familiaris,

Liv. 5, 10:

opem rebus adfectis orare,

id. 6, 3; so Tac. H. 2, 69:

fides,

id. ib. 3, 65:

spes,

Val. Fl. 4, 60.—

Of persons, in gen. sense, disposed, affected, moved, touched:

Quonam modo, Philumena mea, nunc te offendam adfectam?

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 45:

quomodo sim adfectus, e Leptā poteris cognoscere,

Cic. Fam. 14, 17:

ut eodem modo erga amicum adfecti simus, quo erga nosmetipsos,

id. Lael. 16, 56; id. Fin. 1, 20, 68:

cum ita simus adfecti, ut non possimus plane simul vivere,

id. Att. 13, 23; id. Fin. 5, 9, 24:

oculus conturbatus non est probe adfectus ad suum munus fungendum,

in proper state, id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

oculi nimis arguti, quem ad modum animo adfecti simus, loquuntur,

id. Leg. 1, 9, 27; id. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Att. 12, 41, 2.—

As rhet. t. t.: affectus ad, related to, resembling:

Tum ex eis rebus, quae quodam modo affectae sunt ad id, de quo quaeritur,

Cic. Top. 2, 8 Forcellini.—

With abl. chiefly of persons, in indifferent sense, in good or bad sense (cf.:

Animi quem ad modum adfecti sint, virtutibus, vitiis, artibus, inertiis, aut quem ad modum commoti, cupiditate, metu, voluptate, molestiā,

Cic. Part. Or. 10, 35).

In indifferent sense, furnished with, having:

validos lictores ulmeis affectos lentis virgis,

Plaut. As. 3, 2, 29:

pari filo similique (corpora) adfecta figurā,

Lucr. 2, 341:

Tantāne adfectum quemquam esse hominem audaciā!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 84:

omnibus virtutibus,

Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—

In bad sense:

aegritudine, morbo adfectus,

Col. R. R. 7, 5, 20:

aerumnis omnibus,

Lucr. 3, 50:

sollicitudine,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

difficultatibus,

Cic. Fam. 7, 13:

fatigatione,

Curt. 7, 11:

frigore et penuriā,

id. 7, 3:

adfecta sterilitate terra, Col. R. R. praef. 1, 2: vitiis,

Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

ignominiā,

id. Att. 7, 3:

supplicio,

Tac. A. 15, 54:

verberibus,

Curt. 7, 11:

vulnere corpus adfectum,

Liv. 1, 25:

morbo,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 6:

dolore,

Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201:

febre,

Suet. Vit. 14:

pestilentiā,

Liv. 41, 5:

desperatione,

Cic. Att. 14, 22:

clade,

Curt. 10, 6:

senectute,

Cic. de Or. 3, 18, 68:

aetate,

id. Cat. 2, 20; id. Sen. 14, 47:

morte,

Serv. ad Cic. Fam. 4, 12.— Sup.:

remiges inopiā adfectissimi,

Vell. 2, 84.—

In good sense:

beneficio adfectus,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4:

aliquo honore aut imperio,

id. Off. 1, 41, 149:

valetudine optimā,

id. Tusc. 4, 37, 81:

laetitiā,

id. Mur. 2, 4, and ad Brut. 1, 4:

munere deorum,

id. N. D. 3, 26, 67:

praemiis,

id. Pis. 37, 90.— Adv.: affectē ( adf-), with (a strong) affection, deeply:

oblectamur et contristamur et conterremur in somniis quam adfecte et anxie et passibiliter,

Tert. Anim. 45.

af-fĭcĭo (better adf-), affēci (adf-), affectum (adf-), 3, v. a. [facio], to do something to one, i. e. to exert an influence on body or mind, so that it is brought into such or such a state (used by the poets rarely, by Hor. never).

Of the body rarely, and then commonly in a bad sense:

ut aestus, labor, fames, sitisque corpora adficerent,

Liv. 28, 15:

contumeliis adficere corpora sua,

Vulg. Rom. 1, 24:

non simplex Damasichthona vulnus Adficit,

Ov. M. 6, 255:

aconitum cor adficit,

Scrib. Comp. 188:

corpus adficere M. Antonii,

Cic. Phil. 3:

pulmo totus adficitur,

Cels. 4, 7; with abl. of spec.:

stomacho et vesicā adfici,

Scrib. Comp. 186. —In bon. part.:

corpus ita adficiendum est, ut oboedire rationi possit,

Cic. Off. 1, 23.—

More freq. of the mind:

litterae tuae sic me adfecerunt, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 14, 3, 2:

is terror milites hostesque in diversum adfecit,

Tac. A. 11, 19:

varie sum adfectus tuis litteris,

Cic. Fam. 16, 2:

consules oportere sic adfici, ut, etc.,

Plin. Pan. 90:

adfici a Gratiā aut a Voluptate,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12; id. Mil. 29, 79:

sollicitudo de te duplex nos adficit,

id. Brut. 92, 332:

uti ei qui audirent, sic adficerentur animis, ut eos adfici vellet orator,

id. de Or. 1, 19, 87 B. and K.:

adfici animos in diversum habitum,

Quint. 1, 10, 25.—

With acc. and abl., to affect a person or (rarely) thing with something; in a good sense, to bestow upon, grace with; in a bad sense, to visit with, inflict upon; or the ablative and verb may be rendered by the verb corresponding to the ablative, and if an adjective accompany the ablative, this adjective becomes an adverb.—Of inanimate things (rare): luce locum adficiens, lighting up the place, Varr. ap. Non. p. 250, 2:

adficere medicamine vultum,

Ov. Med. Fac. 67:

factum non eo nomine adficiendum,

designated, Cic. Top. 24, 94:

res honore adficere,

to honor, id. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

non postulo, ut dolorem eisdem verbis adficias, quibus Epicurus, etc.,

id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18.—

Very freq. of persons.

In a good sense:

Qui praedā atque agro adoreāque adfecit populares suos,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 38:

quem sepulturā adficit,

buries, Cic. Div. 1, 27, 56:

patres adfecerat gloriā,

id. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

admiratione,

id. Off. 2, 10, 37:

voluptate,

id. Fin. 3, 11, 37:

beneficio,

id. Agr. 1, 4, 13:

honore,

id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147:

laude,

id. Off. 2, 13, 47:

nomine regis,

to style, id. Deiot. 5, 14:

bonis nuntiis,

Plaut. Am. prol. 8:

muneribus,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3; Nep. Ages. 3, 3:

praemio,

Cic. Mil. 30, 82:

pretio,

Verg. A. 12, 352:

stipendio,

Cic. Balb. 27, 61.—

In a bad sense: injuriā abs te adficior indignā, pater, am wronged unjustly, Enn. ap. Auct. ad Heren. 2, 24, 38; so Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 3:

Quantā me curā et sollicitudine adficit Gnatus,

id. ib. 2, 4, 1; so Cic. Att. 1, 18:

desiderio,

id. Fam. 2, 12:

timore,

to terrify, id. Quint. 2, 6:

difficultate,

to embarrass, Caes. B. G. 7, 6:

molestiā,

to trouble, Cic. Att. 15, 1:

tantis malis,

Vulg. Num. 11, 15:

maculā,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 39, 113:

ignominiā,

id. ib. 39, 123:

contumeliis,

Vulg. Ezech. 22, 7; ib. Luc. 20, 11:

rerum et verborum acerbitatibus,

Suet. Calig. 2:

verberibus,

Just. 1, 5:

supplicio,

Cic. Brut. 1, 16; so Caes. B. G. 1, 27:

poenā,

Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

exsilio,

to banish, id. Thras. 3:

morte, cruciatu, cruce,

Cic. Verr. 3, 4, 9:

morte,

Vulg. Matt. 10, 21:

cruce,

Suet. Galb. 9:

ultimis cruciatibus,

Liv. 21, 44:

leto,

Nep. Regg. 3, 2.—And often in pass.:

sollicitudine et inopiā consilii,

Cic. Att. 3, 6:

adfici aegritudine,

id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

doloribus pedum,

id. Fam. 6, 19:

morbo oculorum,

Nep. Hann. 4, 3:

inopiā rei frumentariae,

Caes. B. G. 7, 17:

calamitate et injuriā,

Cic. Att. 11, 2:

magnā poenā, Auct. B. G. 8, 39: vulneribus,

Col. R. R. 4, 11:

torminibus et inflationibus,

Plin. 29, 5, 33, § 103:

servitute,

Cic. Rep. 1, 44.—Hence, affectus ( adf-), a, um, P. a.

In a peculiar sense, that on which we have bestowed labor, that which we are now doing, so that it is nearly at an end; cf.: Adfecta, sicut M. Cicero et [p. 67] veterum elegantissime locuti sunt, ea proprie dicebantur, quae non ad finem ipsum, sed proxime finem progressa deductave erant, Gell. 3, 16:

bellum adfectum videmus et paene confectum,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:

in provinciā (Caesar) commoratur, ut ea. quae per eum adfecta sunt, perfecta rei publicae tradat,

id. ib. 12, 29: cum adfectā prope aestate uvas a sole mitescere tempus, etc., near the end of summer, id. ap. Gell. l. c.:

Jamque hieme adfectā mitescere coeperat annus,

Sil. 15, 502:

in Q. Mucii infirmissimā valetudine adfectāque jam aetate,

Cic. de Or. 1,45,200; id. Verr. 2,4,43, § 95.—

In nearly the same sense as the verb, absol. and with abl.

Of persons laboring under disease, or not yet quite recovered:

Qui cum ita adfectus esset, ut sibi ipse diffideret,

was in such a state, Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 2:

Caesarem Neapoli adfectum graviter videam,

very ill, id. Att. 14, 17; so Sen. Ep. 101:

quem adfectum visuros crediderant,

ill, Liv. 28, 26:

corpus adfectum,

id. 9, 3:

adfectae vires corporis,

reduced strength, weakness, id. 5, 18:

puella,

Prop. 3, 24, 1:

aegra et adfecta mancipia,

Suet. Claud. 25:

jam quidem adfectum, sed tamen spirantem,

id. Tib. 21.—

Of things, weakened, sick, broken, reduced:

partem istam rei publicae male adfectam tueri,

Cic. Fam. 13, 68:

adfecta res publica,

Liv. 5, 57:

Quid est enim non ita adfectum, ut non deletum exstinctumque esse fateare?

Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 3:

sic mihi (Sicilia) adfecta visa est, ut hae terrae solent, in quibus bellum versatum est,

id. Verr. 5, 18, 47:

adfecta res familiaris,

Liv. 5, 10:

opem rebus adfectis orare,

id. 6, 3; so Tac. H. 2, 69:

fides,

id. ib. 3, 65:

spes,

Val. Fl. 4, 60.—

Of persons, in gen. sense, disposed, affected, moved, touched:

Quonam modo, Philumena mea, nunc te offendam adfectam?

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 45:

quomodo sim adfectus, e Leptā poteris cognoscere,

Cic. Fam. 14, 17:

ut eodem modo erga amicum adfecti simus, quo erga nosmetipsos,

id. Lael. 16, 56; id. Fin. 1, 20, 68:

cum ita simus adfecti, ut non possimus plane simul vivere,

id. Att. 13, 23; id. Fin. 5, 9, 24:

oculus conturbatus non est probe adfectus ad suum munus fungendum,

in proper state, id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

oculi nimis arguti, quem ad modum animo adfecti simus, loquuntur,

id. Leg. 1, 9, 27; id. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Att. 12, 41, 2.—

As rhet. t. t.: affectus ad, related to, resembling:

Tum ex eis rebus, quae quodam modo affectae sunt ad id, de quo quaeritur,

Cic. Top. 2, 8 Forcellini.—

With abl. chiefly of persons, in indifferent sense, in good or bad sense (cf.:

Animi quem ad modum adfecti sint, virtutibus, vitiis, artibus, inertiis, aut quem ad modum commoti, cupiditate, metu, voluptate, molestiā,

Cic. Part. Or. 10, 35).

In indifferent sense, furnished with, having:

validos lictores ulmeis affectos lentis virgis,

Plaut. As. 3, 2, 29:

pari filo similique (corpora) adfecta figurā,

Lucr. 2, 341:

Tantāne adfectum quemquam esse hominem audaciā!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 84:

omnibus virtutibus,

Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—

In bad sense:

aegritudine, morbo adfectus,

Col. R. R. 7, 5, 20:

aerumnis omnibus,

Lucr. 3, 50:

sollicitudine,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

difficultatibus,

Cic. Fam. 7, 13:

fatigatione,

Curt. 7, 11:

frigore et penuriā,

id. 7, 3:

adfecta sterilitate terra, Col. R. R. praef. 1, 2: vitiis,

Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

ignominiā,

id. Att. 7, 3:

supplicio,

Tac. A. 15, 54:

verberibus,

Curt. 7, 11:

vulnere corpus adfectum,

Liv. 1, 25:

morbo,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 6:

dolore,

Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201:

febre,

Suet. Vit. 14:

pestilentiā,

Liv. 41, 5:

desperatione,

Cic. Att. 14, 22:

clade,

Curt. 10, 6:

senectute,

Cic. de Or. 3, 18, 68:

aetate,

id. Cat. 2, 20; id. Sen. 14, 47:

morte,

Serv. ad Cic. Fam. 4, 12.— Sup.:

remiges inopiā adfectissimi,

Vell. 2, 84.—

In good sense:

beneficio adfectus,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4:

aliquo honore aut imperio,

id. Off. 1, 41, 149:

valetudine optimā,

id. Tusc. 4, 37, 81:

laetitiā,

id. Mur. 2, 4, and ad Brut. 1, 4:

munere deorum,

id. N. D. 3, 26, 67:

praemiis,

id. Pis. 37, 90.— Adv.: affectē ( adf-), with (a strong) affection, deeply:

oblectamur et contristamur et conterremur in somniis quam adfecte et anxie et passibiliter,

Tert. Anim. 45.

dē-fĭcĭo, fēci, fectum, 3 ( perf. subj.: defexit, an old formula in Liv. 1, 24 fin., see below, no. III. fin. In the pass., besides the regular form deficior, ante- and postclass., once in Verg., Propert., and Livy, like fīo, eri: defit, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19; Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 46; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 12; Lucr. 2, 1142; Verg. E. 2, 22; Prop. 1, 1, 34:

deflunt,

Gell. 20, 8, 5:

defiat,

Plaut. Men. 1, 4, 3; id. Rud. 4, 4, 63:

defiet,

Liv. 9, 11:

defieri,

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 2; cf. conficio init.), v. a. and n. [facio], orig., to loosen, set free, remove from; but it passed over at a very early period into the middle sense, to loosen from one's self, to remove one's self, to break loose from; and then gradually assumed the character of a new verb. act., with the meaning to leave, desert, [p. 530] depart from something, or absol., to depart, cease, fail. (For syn. cf.: desum, absum, descisco, negligo.)

Act. in the middle sense, to remove one's self, separate one's self, to withdraw (cf. the Greek aphistanai).—Hence, to forsake, desert, abandon, revolt.

Lit.:

ab amicitia P. R.,

Caes. B. G. 5, 3, 3; 7, 39, 3:

ab Aeduis,

id. ib. 2, 14, 3:

ab rege,

Sall. J. 56, 3; cf. ib. 66:

(consules) a senatu, a republica, a bonis omnibus defecerant,

Cic. Planc. 35; cf.:

a republica,

id. Cat. 11, 28; id. Fam. 12, 10; id. Sull. 12, 35:

ab imperio ac nomine nostro,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 31 et saep.:

a patribus ad plebem,

to go over, Liv. 6, 20:

ad se,

Sall. J. 61; cf.:

ad Poenos,

Liv. 22, 61.— Absol.:

civitates quae defecerant,

Caes. B. G. 3, 17, 2; 5, 25, 4; 7, 10 al.—

Trop.:

si a virtute defeceris,

forsake, Cic. Lael. 11, 37:

si utilitas ab amicitia defecerit,

id. Fin. 2, 24, 79:

ut a me ipse deficerem,

id. Fam. 2, 16.—Hence,

As a verb. act., to leave a person or thing, to desert, to fail, forsake, be wanting to (of things;

very rarely of personal subjects): quem jam sanguis viresque deficiunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 50 fin.; so,

vires,

id. B. C. 3, 99 fin.; Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199:

me Leontina civitas,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 110; id. ib. 2, 5, 28 fin.; Hor. S. 2, 1, 13 et saep.:

res eos jam pridem, fides deficere nuper coepit,

Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10:

me dies, vox, latera deficiant, si, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 21 (imitated word for word, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 9); cf.:

ne te de republica disserentem deficiat oratio,

Cic. Rep. 1, 23; and:

tempus te citius quam oratio deficeret,

id. Rosc. Am. 32:

animus si te non deficit aequus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 30:

somnus sollicitas domus,

Tib. 3, 4, 20: genitor Phaethontis orbem, i. e. is eclipsed (cf. III. B. infra), Ov. M. 2, 382.— Poet. with a subject-clause: nec me deficiet nautas rogitare citatos, i. e. I will not cease, etc. Prop. 1, 8, 23 Kuin.—

Pass.:

cum aquilifer jam viribus deficeretur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 64, 3; cf.:

mulier a menstruis defecta,

Cels. 2, 8 fin.:

mulier abundat audacia, consilio et ratione deficitur,

Cic. Clu. 65, 184:

aqua ciboque defecti,

Quint. 3, 8, 23; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:

sanguine defecti artus,

Ov. M. 5, 96 et saep.:

si qui dotem promisit defectus sit facultatibus,

i. e. unable to pay, Dig. 23, 3, 33; cf.:

te defecta nomina,

ib. 22, 1, 11 fin. —

Middle or neuter, to run out, be wanting, fail, cease, disappear.

Middle (mostly ante-class. and poet.).

With dat.: mihi fortuna magis nunc defit, quam genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19; Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 2:

lac mihi non aestate novum, non frigore defit,

Verg. E. 2, 22.—

Absol.:

neque opsonium defiat neque supersit,

Plaut. Men. 1, 4, 3;

so opp. superesse,

Ter. Ph. 1, 3, 10:

ut defiat dies,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 63: id. Mil. 4, 6, 46:

numquamne causa defiet, cur? etc.,

Liv. 9, 11.— Trop.:

defectis (sc. animo) defensoribus,

disheartened, Caes. B. C. 3, 40, 3:

sed non usque eo defectum Germanicum,

weakened, Tac. A. 2, 70; cf. in the foll. no. B. b.—

Neuter.

With dat. (so rarely; mostly poet.):

cum non solum vires, sed etiam tela nostris deficerent,

Caes. B. G. 3, 5, 1;

so perh.: vires nostris,

id. B. C. 2, 41, 7 (al. nostros); Sil. 8, 661 Oud. N. cr.; cf. id. 10, 10, 193; and Stat. Ach. 1, 445.—

Absol. (freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):

non frumentum deficere poterat,

Caes. B. C. 2, 37 fin.; cf.:

fructus ex arboribus,

id. ib. 3, 58 fin.:

ejus generis copia,

id. B. G. 6, 16 fin.:

tempus anni ad bellum gerendum,

id. ib. 4, 20, 2:

vereor, ne mihi crimina non suppeterent, ne oratio deesset, ne vox viresque deficerent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11:

nisi memoria forte defecerit,

id. Fin. 2, 14, 44; id. Rep. 1, 3:

non deficiente crumena,

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 11 et saep.; Juv. 11, 38:

quod plena luna defecisset,

was eclipsed, Cic. Rep. 1, 15; cf.:

solem lunae oppositum solere deficere,

id. ib. 1, 16 al.; also simply to set:

qua venit exoriens, qua deficit,

Prop. 4, 4, 27: lunā deficiente, waning (opp. crescente), Gell. 20, 8, 5; of fire and light, to go out, expire, become extinct:

ignis,

Verg. G. 352:

lumen,

Petr. 111, 4:

progenies Caesarum in Nerone deficit,

becomes extinct, dies out, Suet. Galb. 1; cf. Plin. Pan. 39, 6; Just. 7, 2, 4; Sen. Suas. 2, 22;

but deficit ignis,

does not extend, Verg. A. 2, 505:

in hac voce defecit,

he departed, expired, Suet. Aug. 99; Quint. 6 prooem. § 11: deficit omne quod nascitur, comes to an end, Quint. 5, 10, 79; cf.:

mundum deficere,

id. ib.:

deficit vita,

Plaut. Asin. 3, 3, 19;

quod multi Gallicis tot bellis defecerant,

had been lost, Caes. B. C. 3, 2 fin.:

ultima jam passi comites bello Deficiunt,

grow faint, Ov. M. 14, 483:

deficit Matho,

fails, becomes bankrupt, Juv. 7, 129:

debitores,

Dig. 49, 14, 3, § 8:

munimenta defecerant,

yielded, surrendered, Curt. 4, 4, 19.— Trop.:

ne negotio desisteret neu animo deficeret,

nor be disheartened, Caes. B. C. 3, 112 fin.; so,

animo,

id. B. G. 7, 30; id. B. C. 1, 19; 2, 43; Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 10;

for which, ne deficiant (apes) animum,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 34; and in a like sense absol.:

ne una plaga accepta patres conscripti conciderent, ne deficerent,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 9; so Caes. B. C. 2, 31 fin.; Sall. J. 51, 4:

deficit ars,

Ov. M. 11, 537: illis legibus populus Romanus prior non deficiet: si prior defexit publico consilio dolo malo, tu illo die, Juppiter, etc., to depart from, violate the conditions of a treaty, an old formula used in taking an oath, Liv. 1, 24 fin.:

pugnando deficere,

i. e. to be deficient, wanting, Caes. B. C. 2, 6, 3; cf. poet. with foll. inf.:

suppeditare Materies,

Lucr. 1, 1039; Sil. 3, 112; Tib. 4, 1, 191.— Hence, dēfectus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to no. III.), weak, weakened, worn out, enfeebled (not ante-Aug.):

quod sibi defectis illa tulisset opem,

Ov. F. 3, 674:

defectus annis et desertus viribus,

Phaedr. 1, 21, 3; cf.:

defectissimus annis et viribus,

Col. 1 prooem. §

12: senio (arbor),

id. 5, 6, 37:

laboribus,

Val. Fl. 2, 285:

vadit incerto pede, jam viribus defecta,

Sen. Hippol. 374:

defectae senectutis homine,

Dig. 7, 1, 12, § 3:

in tumidis et globosis (speculis) omnia defectiora (corresp. with paria and auctiora),

smaller, App. Mag. p. 283.— Plur. subst.: dēfecti, ōrum, m.:

sidera obscura attributa defectis,

the weak, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 28.

dē-fĭcĭo, fēci, fectum, 3 ( perf. subj.: defexit, an old formula in Liv. 1, 24 fin., see below, no. III. fin. In the pass., besides the regular form deficior, ante- and postclass., once in Verg., Propert., and Livy, like fīo, eri: defit, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19; Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 46; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 12; Lucr. 2, 1142; Verg. E. 2, 22; Prop. 1, 1, 34:

deflunt,

Gell. 20, 8, 5:

defiat,

Plaut. Men. 1, 4, 3; id. Rud. 4, 4, 63:

defiet,

Liv. 9, 11:

defieri,

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 2; cf. conficio init.), v. a. and n. [facio], orig., to loosen, set free, remove from; but it passed over at a very early period into the middle sense, to loosen from one's self, to remove one's self, to break loose from; and then gradually assumed the character of a new verb. act., with the meaning to leave, desert, [p. 530] depart from something, or absol., to depart, cease, fail. (For syn. cf.: desum, absum, descisco, negligo.)

Act. in the middle sense, to remove one's self, separate one's self, to withdraw (cf. the Greek aphistanai).—Hence, to forsake, desert, abandon, revolt.

Lit.:

ab amicitia P. R.,

Caes. B. G. 5, 3, 3; 7, 39, 3:

ab Aeduis,

id. ib. 2, 14, 3:

ab rege,

Sall. J. 56, 3; cf. ib. 66:

(consules) a senatu, a republica, a bonis omnibus defecerant,

Cic. Planc. 35; cf.:

a republica,

id. Cat. 11, 28; id. Fam. 12, 10; id. Sull. 12, 35:

ab imperio ac nomine nostro,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 31 et saep.:

a patribus ad plebem,

to go over, Liv. 6, 20:

ad se,

Sall. J. 61; cf.:

ad Poenos,

Liv. 22, 61.— Absol.:

civitates quae defecerant,

Caes. B. G. 3, 17, 2; 5, 25, 4; 7, 10 al.—

Trop.:

si a virtute defeceris,

forsake, Cic. Lael. 11, 37:

si utilitas ab amicitia defecerit,

id. Fin. 2, 24, 79:

ut a me ipse deficerem,

id. Fam. 2, 16.—Hence,

As a verb. act., to leave a person or thing, to desert, to fail, forsake, be wanting to (of things;

very rarely of personal subjects): quem jam sanguis viresque deficiunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 50 fin.; so,

vires,

id. B. C. 3, 99 fin.; Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199:

me Leontina civitas,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 110; id. ib. 2, 5, 28 fin.; Hor. S. 2, 1, 13 et saep.:

res eos jam pridem, fides deficere nuper coepit,

Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10:

me dies, vox, latera deficiant, si, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 21 (imitated word for word, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 9); cf.:

ne te de republica disserentem deficiat oratio,

Cic. Rep. 1, 23; and:

tempus te citius quam oratio deficeret,

id. Rosc. Am. 32:

animus si te non deficit aequus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 30:

somnus sollicitas domus,

Tib. 3, 4, 20: genitor Phaethontis orbem, i. e. is eclipsed (cf. III. B. infra), Ov. M. 2, 382.— Poet. with a subject-clause: nec me deficiet nautas rogitare citatos, i. e. I will not cease, etc. Prop. 1, 8, 23 Kuin.—

Pass.:

cum aquilifer jam viribus deficeretur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 64, 3; cf.:

mulier a menstruis defecta,

Cels. 2, 8 fin.:

mulier abundat audacia, consilio et ratione deficitur,

Cic. Clu. 65, 184:

aqua ciboque defecti,

Quint. 3, 8, 23; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:

sanguine defecti artus,

Ov. M. 5, 96 et saep.:

si qui dotem promisit defectus sit facultatibus,

i. e. unable to pay, Dig. 23, 3, 33; cf.:

te defecta nomina,

ib. 22, 1, 11 fin. —

Middle or neuter, to run out, be wanting, fail, cease, disappear.

Middle (mostly ante-class. and poet.).

With dat.: mihi fortuna magis nunc defit, quam genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19; Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 2:

lac mihi non aestate novum, non frigore defit,

Verg. E. 2, 22.—

Absol.:

neque opsonium defiat neque supersit,

Plaut. Men. 1, 4, 3;

so opp. superesse,

Ter. Ph. 1, 3, 10:

ut defiat dies,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 63: id. Mil. 4, 6, 46:

numquamne causa defiet, cur? etc.,

Liv. 9, 11.— Trop.:

defectis (sc. animo) defensoribus,

disheartened, Caes. B. C. 3, 40, 3:

sed non usque eo defectum Germanicum,

weakened, Tac. A. 2, 70; cf. in the foll. no. B. b.—

Neuter.

With dat. (so rarely; mostly poet.):

cum non solum vires, sed etiam tela nostris deficerent,

Caes. B. G. 3, 5, 1;

so perh.: vires nostris,

id. B. C. 2, 41, 7 (al. nostros); Sil. 8, 661 Oud. N. cr.; cf. id. 10, 10, 193; and Stat. Ach. 1, 445.—

Absol. (freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):

non frumentum deficere poterat,

Caes. B. C. 2, 37 fin.; cf.:

fructus ex arboribus,

id. ib. 3, 58 fin.:

ejus generis copia,

id. B. G. 6, 16 fin.:

tempus anni ad bellum gerendum,

id. ib. 4, 20, 2:

vereor, ne mihi crimina non suppeterent, ne oratio deesset, ne vox viresque deficerent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11:

nisi memoria forte defecerit,

id. Fin. 2, 14, 44; id. Rep. 1, 3:

non deficiente crumena,

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 11 et saep.; Juv. 11, 38:

quod plena luna defecisset,

was eclipsed, Cic. Rep. 1, 15; cf.:

solem lunae oppositum solere deficere,

id. ib. 1, 16 al.; also simply to set:

qua venit exoriens, qua deficit,

Prop. 4, 4, 27: lunā deficiente, waning (opp. crescente), Gell. 20, 8, 5; of fire and light, to go out, expire, become extinct:

ignis,

Verg. G. 352:

lumen,

Petr. 111, 4:

progenies Caesarum in Nerone deficit,

becomes extinct, dies out, Suet. Galb. 1; cf. Plin. Pan. 39, 6; Just. 7, 2, 4; Sen. Suas. 2, 22;

but deficit ignis,

does not extend, Verg. A. 2, 505:

in hac voce defecit,

he departed, expired, Suet. Aug. 99; Quint. 6 prooem. § 11: deficit omne quod nascitur, comes to an end, Quint. 5, 10, 79; cf.:

mundum deficere,

id. ib.:

deficit vita,

Plaut. Asin. 3, 3, 19;

quod multi Gallicis tot bellis defecerant,

had been lost, Caes. B. C. 3, 2 fin.:

ultima jam passi comites bello Deficiunt,

grow faint, Ov. M. 14, 483:

deficit Matho,

fails, becomes bankrupt, Juv. 7, 129:

debitores,

Dig. 49, 14, 3, § 8:

munimenta defecerant,

yielded, surrendered, Curt. 4, 4, 19.— Trop.:

ne negotio desisteret neu animo deficeret,

nor be disheartened, Caes. B. C. 3, 112 fin.; so,

animo,

id. B. G. 7, 30; id. B. C. 1, 19; 2, 43; Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 10;

for which, ne deficiant (apes) animum,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 34; and in a like sense absol.:

ne una plaga accepta patres conscripti conciderent, ne deficerent,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 9; so Caes. B. C. 2, 31 fin.; Sall. J. 51, 4:

deficit ars,

Ov. M. 11, 537: illis legibus populus Romanus prior non deficiet: si prior defexit publico consilio dolo malo, tu illo die, Juppiter, etc., to depart from, violate the conditions of a treaty, an old formula used in taking an oath, Liv. 1, 24 fin.:

pugnando deficere,

i. e. to be deficient, wanting, Caes. B. C. 2, 6, 3; cf. poet. with foll. inf.:

suppeditare Materies,

Lucr. 1, 1039; Sil. 3, 112; Tib. 4, 1, 191.— Hence, dēfectus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to no. III.), weak, weakened, worn out, enfeebled (not ante-Aug.):

quod sibi defectis illa tulisset opem,

Ov. F. 3, 674:

defectus annis et desertus viribus,

Phaedr. 1, 21, 3; cf.:

defectissimus annis et viribus,

Col. 1 prooem. §

12: senio (arbor),

id. 5, 6, 37:

laboribus,

Val. Fl. 2, 285:

vadit incerto pede, jam viribus defecta,

Sen. Hippol. 374:

defectae senectutis homine,

Dig. 7, 1, 12, § 3:

in tumidis et globosis (speculis) omnia defectiora (corresp. with paria and auctiora),

smaller, App. Mag. p. 283.— Plur. subst.: dēfecti, ōrum, m.:

sidera obscura attributa defectis,

the weak, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 28.

ef-fĭcĭo ( ecfacio), fēci, fectum, 3 ( perf. subj. effexis, Plaut. As. 3, 5, 63; id. Poen. 1, 3, 19; inf. pass. ecfiĕri, id. Pers. 5, 1, 9; Lucr. 6, 761), v. a., to make out, work out; hence, to bring to pass, to effect, execute, complete, accomplish, make, form (very freq. in all periods and sorts of writing).

In gen.

With acc.:

male quod mulier facere incepit, nisi id ecficere perpetrat,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 12 sq.; cf. id. Pers. 5, 1, 9; Caes. B. C. 1, 36 fin.; 1, 61, 2:

magna facinora,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 1, 16; so,

facinora,

Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 109; cf.

opus,

id. ib. 4, 1, 6; Plaut. Truc. 5, 17; Caes. B. G. 4, 18, 1; 7, 35, 4 et saep.:

pontem,

id. ib. 6, 6, 1; id. B. C. 1, 40, 1; 1, 62 fin.:

ligneas turres, tormenta,

id. ib. 3, 9, 3; 3, 39 fin.:

castella,

id. ib. 3, 44, 3:

panes ex hoc (genere radicis),

id. ib. 3, 48, 3:

sphaeram (Archimedes),

Cic. Rep. 1, 17:

columnam,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 56 et saep.:

Mosa insulam efficit Batavorum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 10, 2; id. ib. § 4; id. B. C. 3, 40, 4; cf.:

portum (insula),

id. ib. 3, 112, 2; Verg. A. 1, 160:

magnum numerum cratium, scalarum, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 81, 1:

aliquid dignum dono deorum,

Cic. Rep. 3, 3; cf. id. de Or. 1, 26, 120:

civitatem,

id. Rep. 2, 30; cf. id. ib. 3, 32:

varios concentus, septem sonos,

id. ib. 6, 18:

magnas rerum commutationes,

Caes. B. C. 3, 68, 1:

tantos progressus,

Cic. Brut. 78, 272:

clamores et admirationes in bonis oratoribus,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 152; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3 et saep.:

XIII. cohortes,

Caes. B. C. 1, 15, 5; cf.:

delectu habito duas legiones,

id. ib. 1, 31, 2:

unam ex duabus (legionibus),

id. ib. 3, 89, 1:

ad duo milia ferme boum,

Liv. 22, 16 et saep.:

lepide meum officium,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 1 sq.; cf.:

nostra munia,

id. Stich. 5, 4, 13:

munus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 46 fin.; id. Leg. 1, 5, 16:

nuptias alicui,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 16:

aurum alicui,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 55; cf. id. Poen. 1, 1, 57; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 23:

hanc mulierem tibi,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 110 et saep.:

quod a Curione effeceram,

had procured, obtained, Cic. Att. 10, 10:

amor mores hominum moros et morosos ecficit,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 43.—With two accs.:

fortuna eos efficit caecos, quos complexa est,

Cic. Lael. 15, 54; id. Off. 1, 1, 2; id. Rep. 2, 42; Caes. B. G. 3, 24 fin. et saep.; cf.:

hunc (montem) murus circumdatus arcem efficit,

id. ib. 1, 38, 6:

aliquem consulem,

Cic. Lael. 20, 73:

aliquem dictatorem,

id. Att. 15, 21; cf.

also: quae res immani corporum magnitudine homines efficit,

Caes. B. G. 4, 1, 9; and:

id (genus radicis) ad similitudinem panis efficiebant,

id. B. C. 3, 48, 1.—

With ut:

eniti et efficere, ut, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 16, 59; id. Rep. 1, 20; 3, 31; Caes. B. G. 2, 5, 5; 2, 17, 4 et saep.; cf.:

hoc si efficiam plane, ut, etc.,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 62:

si id efficere non posset, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 5, 50, 3:

neque polliceor me effecturum, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 24 fin. —Ellips. of ut:

effice, di coëamus in unum,

Ov. F. 3, 683.—

With ne (rare):

efficio ne cui molesti sint publicani,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16:

qui efficiant, ne quid inter privatum et magistratum differat,

id. Rep. 1, 43, 67; id. Fin. 4, 4, 10; Liv. 8, 7, 6:

efficiam, posthac ne quemquam voce lacessas,

Verg. E. 3, 51; Dig. 3, 3, 78; cf.:

aliquem or aliquid, ne, etc.,

ib. 19, 2, 35; Quint. 3, 6, 102; 8, 3, 20.—

With quominus (very seldom), Lucr. 1, 977; Quint. 11, 1, 48; Dig. 49, 14, [p. 630] 29; so with quo magis:

saevitia collegae quo is magis ingenio suo gauderet effecit,

Liv. 2, 60, 1.—

With obj. acc. and inf. (very rare, and not ante-Aug.):

vehementer efficit ea coire, etc.,

Vitr. 2, 6; Dig. 38, 2, 14, § 8; 47, 11, 10.—

Absol. (freq. and class.):

si effecero, Dabin' mihi argentum?

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 121; cf. id. ib. 4, 1, 39 sq.; 4, 8, 5; id. Pers. 1, 3, 87; Caes. B. G. 7, 26, 2 et saep.:

se a scientiae delectatione ad efficiendi utilitatem referre,

Cic. Rep. 5, 3.

In partic.

In econom. lang., to produce, bear, yield:

(ager Leontinus) plurimum efficit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 63 fin.; cf.:

ager efficit cum octavo, cum decumo,

id. ib. 2, 3, 47:

si (vineae) centenos sestertios in singula jugera efficiant,

Col. 3, 3, 3:

cum matres binae ternos haedos efficiunt,

id. 7, 6, 7.— Transf. to persons:

liciti sunt usque eo, quoad se efficere posse arbitrabantur,

i. e. to make a profit, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33 fin. —

Of numbers, to make out, yield, amount to a certain sum:

ea (tributa) vix, in fenus Pompeii quod satis sit, efficiunt,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3 (cf. shortly before:

nec id satis efficit [al. efficitur] in usuram menstruam),

Plin. 6, 33, 38, § 206; cf. ib. § 209; Col. 5, 2, 6; 8 sq.—

In philos. lang., to make out, show, prove (with acc. and inf., ut, ne, or absol.):

quod proposuit efficit, Cic. Par. prooem. § 2: in quibus (libris) vult efficere animos esse mortales,

id. Tusc. 1, 31 fin. —In the pass. impers.: efficitur, it follows (from something):

ita efficitur, ut omne corpus mortale sit,

id. N. D. 3, 12, 30:

ex quo efficitur, hominem naturae obedientem homini nocere non posse,

id. Tusc. 3, 5, 25; cf.:

ex quo illud efficitur, ne justos quidem esse natura,

id. Rep. 3, 11:

quid igitur efficitur?

what follows from that? id. ib. 3, 12.—Hence,

effĭcĭens, entis, P. a.

Adj., effecting, effective, efficient. —In philos. lang.:

proximus est locus rerum efficientium, quae causae appellantur: deinde rerum effectarum ab efficientibus causis,

Cic. Top. 14 fin.; cf. id. Ac. 1, 6, 24; id. Fin. 3, 16, 55; id. Div. 1, 55, 125; id. Fat. 14, 33; Quint. 5, 10, 86. —

Subst., with gen.: virtus efficiens utilitatis, the producer = effectrix, Cic. Off. 3, 3, 12; so,

voluptatis (virtus),

id. ib. 3, 33; cf.:

ea, quae sunt luxuriosis efficientia voluptatum,

id. Fin. 2, 7, 21; and:

(causae) efficientes pulcherrimarum rerum,

id. Univ. 14 fin. —

* Adv.: effĭcĭenter, efficiently (for which in the post-Aug. per., efficaciter):

ut id ei causa sit, quod cuique efficienter antecedat,

Cic. Fat. 15, 34.—

effectus, a, um, P. a., worked out, i. e.

Effected, completed:

una (materia) diligenter effecta plus proderit quam plures inchoatae et quasi degustatae,

Quint. 10, 5, 23; cf. id. 5, 13, 34; 8, 3, 88.—In the comp.:

aliquid nitidius atque effectius,

Quint. 12, 10, 45.—

Effected, in philos. lang. (opp. causa efficiens), Cic. Top. 18; cf.

res,

id. ib. 4; 14 fin.; and subst.: effectum, i, n., an effect, id. ib. 3; Quint. 6, 3, 66; 5, 10, 94. — Adv.: effecte.

Effectively, in fact, Mart. 2, 27, 3; Amm. 16, 5, 7.—

Effectually, efficaciously:

effectius,

App. Flor. 16, p. 357.— Sup. does not occur.

ef-fĭcĭo ( ecfacio), fēci, fectum, 3 ( perf. subj. effexis, Plaut. As. 3, 5, 63; id. Poen. 1, 3, 19; inf. pass. ecfiĕri, id. Pers. 5, 1, 9; Lucr. 6, 761), v. a., to make out, work out; hence, to bring to pass, to effect, execute, complete, accomplish, make, form (very freq. in all periods and sorts of writing).

In gen.

With acc.:

male quod mulier facere incepit, nisi id ecficere perpetrat,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 12 sq.; cf. id. Pers. 5, 1, 9; Caes. B. C. 1, 36 fin.; 1, 61, 2:

magna facinora,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 1, 16; so,

facinora,

Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 109; cf.

opus,

id. ib. 4, 1, 6; Plaut. Truc. 5, 17; Caes. B. G. 4, 18, 1; 7, 35, 4 et saep.:

pontem,

id. ib. 6, 6, 1; id. B. C. 1, 40, 1; 1, 62 fin.:

ligneas turres, tormenta,

id. ib. 3, 9, 3; 3, 39 fin.:

castella,

id. ib. 3, 44, 3:

panes ex hoc (genere radicis),

id. ib. 3, 48, 3:

sphaeram (Archimedes),

Cic. Rep. 1, 17:

columnam,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 56 et saep.:

Mosa insulam efficit Batavorum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 10, 2; id. ib. § 4; id. B. C. 3, 40, 4; cf.:

portum (insula),

id. ib. 3, 112, 2; Verg. A. 1, 160:

magnum numerum cratium, scalarum, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 81, 1:

aliquid dignum dono deorum,

Cic. Rep. 3, 3; cf. id. de Or. 1, 26, 120:

civitatem,

id. Rep. 2, 30; cf. id. ib. 3, 32:

varios concentus, septem sonos,

id. ib. 6, 18:

magnas rerum commutationes,

Caes. B. C. 3, 68, 1:

tantos progressus,

Cic. Brut. 78, 272:

clamores et admirationes in bonis oratoribus,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 152; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3 et saep.:

XIII. cohortes,

Caes. B. C. 1, 15, 5; cf.:

delectu habito duas legiones,

id. ib. 1, 31, 2:

unam ex duabus (legionibus),

id. ib. 3, 89, 1:

ad duo milia ferme boum,

Liv. 22, 16 et saep.:

lepide meum officium,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 1 sq.; cf.:

nostra munia,

id. Stich. 5, 4, 13:

munus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 46 fin.; id. Leg. 1, 5, 16:

nuptias alicui,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 16:

aurum alicui,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 55; cf. id. Poen. 1, 1, 57; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 23:

hanc mulierem tibi,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 110 et saep.:

quod a Curione effeceram,

had procured, obtained, Cic. Att. 10, 10:

amor mores hominum moros et morosos ecficit,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 43.—With two accs.:

fortuna eos efficit caecos, quos complexa est,

Cic. Lael. 15, 54; id. Off. 1, 1, 2; id. Rep. 2, 42; Caes. B. G. 3, 24 fin. et saep.; cf.:

hunc (montem) murus circumdatus arcem efficit,

id. ib. 1, 38, 6:

aliquem consulem,

Cic. Lael. 20, 73:

aliquem dictatorem,

id. Att. 15, 21; cf.

also: quae res immani corporum magnitudine homines efficit,

Caes. B. G. 4, 1, 9; and:

id (genus radicis) ad similitudinem panis efficiebant,

id. B. C. 3, 48, 1.—

With ut:

eniti et efficere, ut, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 16, 59; id. Rep. 1, 20; 3, 31; Caes. B. G. 2, 5, 5; 2, 17, 4 et saep.; cf.:

hoc si efficiam plane, ut, etc.,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 62:

si id efficere non posset, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 5, 50, 3:

neque polliceor me effecturum, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 24 fin. —Ellips. of ut:

effice, di coëamus in unum,

Ov. F. 3, 683.—

With ne (rare):

efficio ne cui molesti sint publicani,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16:

qui efficiant, ne quid inter privatum et magistratum differat,

id. Rep. 1, 43, 67; id. Fin. 4, 4, 10; Liv. 8, 7, 6:

efficiam, posthac ne quemquam voce lacessas,

Verg. E. 3, 51; Dig. 3, 3, 78; cf.:

aliquem or aliquid, ne, etc.,

ib. 19, 2, 35; Quint. 3, 6, 102; 8, 3, 20.—

With quominus (very seldom), Lucr. 1, 977; Quint. 11, 1, 48; Dig. 49, 14, [p. 630] 29; so with quo magis:

saevitia collegae quo is magis ingenio suo gauderet effecit,

Liv. 2, 60, 1.—

With obj. acc. and inf. (very rare, and not ante-Aug.):

vehementer efficit ea coire, etc.,

Vitr. 2, 6; Dig. 38, 2, 14, § 8; 47, 11, 10.—

Absol. (freq. and class.):

si effecero, Dabin' mihi argentum?

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 121; cf. id. ib. 4, 1, 39 sq.; 4, 8, 5; id. Pers. 1, 3, 87; Caes. B. G. 7, 26, 2 et saep.:

se a scientiae delectatione ad efficiendi utilitatem referre,

Cic. Rep. 5, 3.

In partic.

In econom. lang., to produce, bear, yield:

(ager Leontinus) plurimum efficit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 63 fin.; cf.:

ager efficit cum octavo, cum decumo,

id. ib. 2, 3, 47:

si (vineae) centenos sestertios in singula jugera efficiant,

Col. 3, 3, 3:

cum matres binae ternos haedos efficiunt,

id. 7, 6, 7.— Transf. to persons:

liciti sunt usque eo, quoad se efficere posse arbitrabantur,

i. e. to make a profit, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33 fin. —

Of numbers, to make out, yield, amount to a certain sum:

ea (tributa) vix, in fenus Pompeii quod satis sit, efficiunt,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3 (cf. shortly before:

nec id satis efficit [al. efficitur] in usuram menstruam),

Plin. 6, 33, 38, § 206; cf. ib. § 209; Col. 5, 2, 6; 8 sq.—

In philos. lang., to make out, show, prove (with acc. and inf., ut, ne, or absol.):

quod proposuit efficit, Cic. Par. prooem. § 2: in quibus (libris) vult efficere animos esse mortales,

id. Tusc. 1, 31 fin. —In the pass. impers.: efficitur, it follows (from something):

ita efficitur, ut omne corpus mortale sit,

id. N. D. 3, 12, 30:

ex quo efficitur, hominem naturae obedientem homini nocere non posse,

id. Tusc. 3, 5, 25; cf.:

ex quo illud efficitur, ne justos quidem esse natura,

id. Rep. 3, 11:

quid igitur efficitur?

what follows from that? id. ib. 3, 12.—Hence,

effĭcĭens, entis, P. a.

Adj., effecting, effective, efficient. —In philos. lang.:

proximus est locus rerum efficientium, quae causae appellantur: deinde rerum effectarum ab efficientibus causis,

Cic. Top. 14 fin.; cf. id. Ac. 1, 6, 24; id. Fin. 3, 16, 55; id. Div. 1, 55, 125; id. Fat. 14, 33; Quint. 5, 10, 86. —

Subst., with gen.: virtus efficiens utilitatis, the producer = effectrix, Cic. Off. 3, 3, 12; so,

voluptatis (virtus),

id. ib. 3, 33; cf.:

ea, quae sunt luxuriosis efficientia voluptatum,

id. Fin. 2, 7, 21; and:

(causae) efficientes pulcherrimarum rerum,

id. Univ. 14 fin. —

* Adv.: effĭcĭenter, efficiently (for which in the post-Aug. per., efficaciter):

ut id ei causa sit, quod cuique efficienter antecedat,

Cic. Fat. 15, 34.—

effectus, a, um, P. a., worked out, i. e.

Effected, completed:

una (materia) diligenter effecta plus proderit quam plures inchoatae et quasi degustatae,

Quint. 10, 5, 23; cf. id. 5, 13, 34; 8, 3, 88.—In the comp.:

aliquid nitidius atque effectius,

Quint. 12, 10, 45.—

Effected, in philos. lang. (opp. causa efficiens), Cic. Top. 18; cf.

res,

id. ib. 4; 14 fin.; and subst.: effectum, i, n., an effect, id. ib. 3; Quint. 6, 3, 66; 5, 10, 94. — Adv.: effecte.

Effectively, in fact, Mart. 2, 27, 3; Amm. 16, 5, 7.—

Effectually, efficaciously:

effectius,

App. Flor. 16, p. 357.— Sup. does not occur.

ef-fĭcĭo ( ecfacio), fēci, fectum, 3 ( perf. subj. effexis, Plaut. As. 3, 5, 63; id. Poen. 1, 3, 19; inf. pass. ecfiĕri, id. Pers. 5, 1, 9; Lucr. 6, 761), v. a., to make out, work out; hence, to bring to pass, to effect, execute, complete, accomplish, make, form (very freq. in all periods and sorts of writing).

In gen.

With acc.:

male quod mulier facere incepit, nisi id ecficere perpetrat,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 12 sq.; cf. id. Pers. 5, 1, 9; Caes. B. C. 1, 36 fin.; 1, 61, 2:

magna facinora,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 1, 16; so,

facinora,

Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 109; cf.

opus,

id. ib. 4, 1, 6; Plaut. Truc. 5, 17; Caes. B. G. 4, 18, 1; 7, 35, 4 et saep.:

pontem,

id. ib. 6, 6, 1; id. B. C. 1, 40, 1; 1, 62 fin.:

ligneas turres, tormenta,

id. ib. 3, 9, 3; 3, 39 fin.:

castella,

id. ib. 3, 44, 3:

panes ex hoc (genere radicis),

id. ib. 3, 48, 3:

sphaeram (Archimedes),

Cic. Rep. 1, 17:

columnam,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 56 et saep.:

Mosa insulam efficit Batavorum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 10, 2; id. ib. § 4; id. B. C. 3, 40, 4; cf.:

portum (insula),

id. ib. 3, 112, 2; Verg. A. 1, 160:

magnum numerum cratium, scalarum, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 81, 1:

aliquid dignum dono deorum,

Cic. Rep. 3, 3; cf. id. de Or. 1, 26, 120:

civitatem,

id. Rep. 2, 30; cf. id. ib. 3, 32:

varios concentus, septem sonos,

id. ib. 6, 18:

magnas rerum commutationes,

Caes. B. C. 3, 68, 1:

tantos progressus,

Cic. Brut. 78, 272:

clamores et admirationes in bonis oratoribus,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 152; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3 et saep.:

XIII. cohortes,

Caes. B. C. 1, 15, 5; cf.:

delectu habito duas legiones,

id. ib. 1, 31, 2:

unam ex duabus (legionibus),

id. ib. 3, 89, 1:

ad duo milia ferme boum,

Liv. 22, 16 et saep.:

lepide meum officium,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 1 sq.; cf.:

nostra munia,

id. Stich. 5, 4, 13:

munus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 46 fin.; id. Leg. 1, 5, 16:

nuptias alicui,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 16:

aurum alicui,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 55; cf. id. Poen. 1, 1, 57; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 23:

hanc mulierem tibi,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 110 et saep.:

quod a Curione effeceram,

had procured, obtained, Cic. Att. 10, 10:

amor mores hominum moros et morosos ecficit,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 43.—With two accs.:

fortuna eos efficit caecos, quos complexa est,

Cic. Lael. 15, 54; id. Off. 1, 1, 2; id. Rep. 2, 42; Caes. B. G. 3, 24 fin. et saep.; cf.:

hunc (montem) murus circumdatus arcem efficit,

id. ib. 1, 38, 6:

aliquem consulem,

Cic. Lael. 20, 73:

aliquem dictatorem,

id. Att. 15, 21; cf.

also: quae res immani corporum magnitudine homines efficit,

Caes. B. G. 4, 1, 9; and:

id (genus radicis) ad similitudinem panis efficiebant,

id. B. C. 3, 48, 1.—

With ut:

eniti et efficere, ut, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 16, 59; id. Rep. 1, 20; 3, 31; Caes. B. G. 2, 5, 5; 2, 17, 4 et saep.; cf.:

hoc si efficiam plane, ut, etc.,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 62:

si id efficere non posset, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 5, 50, 3:

neque polliceor me effecturum, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 24 fin. —Ellips. of ut:

effice, di coëamus in unum,

Ov. F. 3, 683.—

With ne (rare):

efficio ne cui molesti sint publicani,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16:

qui efficiant, ne quid inter privatum et magistratum differat,

id. Rep. 1, 43, 67; id. Fin. 4, 4, 10; Liv. 8, 7, 6:

efficiam, posthac ne quemquam voce lacessas,

Verg. E. 3, 51; Dig. 3, 3, 78; cf.:

aliquem or aliquid, ne, etc.,

ib. 19, 2, 35; Quint. 3, 6, 102; 8, 3, 20.—

With quominus (very seldom), Lucr. 1, 977; Quint. 11, 1, 48; Dig. 49, 14, [p. 630] 29; so with quo magis:

saevitia collegae quo is magis ingenio suo gauderet effecit,

Liv. 2, 60, 1.—

With obj. acc. and inf. (very rare, and not ante-Aug.):

vehementer efficit ea coire, etc.,

Vitr. 2, 6; Dig. 38, 2, 14, § 8; 47, 11, 10.—

Absol. (freq. and class.):

si effecero, Dabin' mihi argentum?

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 121; cf. id. ib. 4, 1, 39 sq.; 4, 8, 5; id. Pers. 1, 3, 87; Caes. B. G. 7, 26, 2 et saep.:

se a scientiae delectatione ad efficiendi utilitatem referre,

Cic. Rep. 5, 3.

In partic.

In econom. lang., to produce, bear, yield:

(ager Leontinus) plurimum efficit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 63 fin.; cf.:

ager efficit cum octavo, cum decumo,

id. ib. 2, 3, 47:

si (vineae) centenos sestertios in singula jugera efficiant,

Col. 3, 3, 3:

cum matres binae ternos haedos efficiunt,

id. 7, 6, 7.— Transf. to persons:

liciti sunt usque eo, quoad se efficere posse arbitrabantur,

i. e. to make a profit, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33 fin. —

Of numbers, to make out, yield, amount to a certain sum:

ea (tributa) vix, in fenus Pompeii quod satis sit, efficiunt,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3 (cf. shortly before:

nec id satis efficit [al. efficitur] in usuram menstruam),

Plin. 6, 33, 38, § 206; cf. ib. § 209; Col. 5, 2, 6; 8 sq.—

In philos. lang., to make out, show, prove (with acc. and inf., ut, ne, or absol.):

quod proposuit efficit, Cic. Par. prooem. § 2: in quibus (libris) vult efficere animos esse mortales,

id. Tusc. 1, 31 fin. —In the pass. impers.: efficitur, it follows (from something):

ita efficitur, ut omne corpus mortale sit,

id. N. D. 3, 12, 30:

ex quo efficitur, hominem naturae obedientem homini nocere non posse,

id. Tusc. 3, 5, 25; cf.:

ex quo illud efficitur, ne justos quidem esse natura,

id. Rep. 3, 11:

quid igitur efficitur?

what follows from that? id. ib. 3, 12.—Hence,

effĭcĭens, entis, P. a.

Adj., effecting, effective, efficient. —In philos. lang.:

proximus est locus rerum efficientium, quae causae appellantur: deinde rerum effectarum ab efficientibus causis,

Cic. Top. 14 fin.; cf. id. Ac. 1, 6, 24; id. Fin. 3, 16, 55; id. Div. 1, 55, 125; id. Fat. 14, 33; Quint. 5, 10, 86. —

Subst., with gen.: virtus efficiens utilitatis, the producer = effectrix, Cic. Off. 3, 3, 12; so,

voluptatis (virtus),

id. ib. 3, 33; cf.:

ea, quae sunt luxuriosis efficientia voluptatum,

id. Fin. 2, 7, 21; and:

(causae) efficientes pulcherrimarum rerum,

id. Univ. 14 fin. —

* Adv.: effĭcĭenter, efficiently (for which in the post-Aug. per., efficaciter):

ut id ei causa sit, quod cuique efficienter antecedat,

Cic. Fat. 15, 34.—

effectus, a, um, P. a., worked out, i. e.

Effected, completed:

una (materia) diligenter effecta plus proderit quam plures inchoatae et quasi degustatae,

Quint. 10, 5, 23; cf. id. 5, 13, 34; 8, 3, 88.—In the comp.:

aliquid nitidius atque effectius,

Quint. 12, 10, 45.—

Effected, in philos. lang. (opp. causa efficiens), Cic. Top. 18; cf.

res,

id. ib. 4; 14 fin.; and subst.: effectum, i, n., an effect, id. ib. 3; Quint. 6, 3, 66; 5, 10, 94. — Adv.: effecte.

Effectively, in fact, Mart. 2, 27, 3; Amm. 16, 5, 7.—

Effectually, efficaciously:

effectius,

App. Flor. 16, p. 357.— Sup. does not occur.

in-fĭcĭo, fēci, fectum, 3, v. a. [in-facio], to put or dip into any thing; hence,

Lit., to stain, dye, color, tinge with:

quia tibi suaso infecisti pallulam,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 16:

omnes se Britanni vitro inficiunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 14:

lana infecta conchylio,

Plin. 32, 7, 25, § 77:

arma infecta sanguine,

Verg. A. 5, 413; cf.:

locum sanguine,

Tac. H. 2, 55:

diem,

to discolor, darken, Ov. M. 13, 601:

populi sole infecti, nondum exusti,

Plin. 6, 19, 22, § 70:

palpebrae mulieribus infectae quotidiano,

Plin. 11, 37, 56, § 154:

vestis ita infecta,

id. 28, 7, 23, § 83; cf.:

tinguntur sole populi, jam quidem infecti,

darkened, tanned, id. 6, 19, 22, § 70:

albus ora pallor inficit,

covers, Hor. Epod. 7, 15; cf.:

virgo inficitur teneras ore rubente genas,

Tib. 3, 4, 32.—

Transf.

To mix with something:

pocula veneno,

Just. 21, 4: hōc (abl.) amnem inficit, Verg. A. 12, 418. —

In partic., in a bad sense, to taint, infect, spoil:

pabula tabo,

Verg. G. 3, 481; cf.:

Gorgoneis Alecto infecta venenis,

imbued, id. A. 7, 341:

mel infectum fronde,

that has a taste of leaves, Plin. 11, 13, 13, § 32.—

Trop.

In gen.:

sapientia nisi alte descendit et diu sedit animum non coloravit sed infecit,

has merely tinged, Sen. Ep. 71, 31:

si illā (humanorum divinorumque notitiā) se non perfuderit, sed infecerit,

id. ib. 110, 8; cf.:

(vestes) quarum generosi graminis ipsum Infecit natura pecus,

Juv. 12, 41. —

In partic.

To instruct in any thing (syn. imbuere):

jam infici debet (puer) iis artibus, quas si, dum est tener, combiberit, ad majora veniet paratior,

Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 9:

animos teneros et rudes inficiunt et flectunt, ut volunt,

id. Leg. 1, 17 fin. —

To spoil, corrupt, infect (syn. corrumpo):

nos umbris, deliciis, otio... desidia animum infecimus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

inficimur opinionum pravitate,

id. ib. 3, 2:

vereor ne hoc quod infectum est serpat longius,

id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

cupiditatibus principum et vitiis infici solet tota civitas,

id. Leg. 3, 13, 30: elui difficile est;

non enim inquinati sumus, sed infecti,

Sen. Ep. 59, 9:

artibus infectus,

Tac. A. 2, 2.— Poet.:

infectum eluitur scelus (= quo se infecerunt),

Verg. A. 6, 742 Forbig and Conington ad loc.

per-fĭcĭo, fēci, fectum, 3, v. a. [facio], to achieve, execute, carry out, accomplish, perform, despatch, bring to an end or conclusion, finish, complete (class.; syn.: absolvo, conficio, exsequor).

Lit.:

comitiis perficiendis undecim dies tribuit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 2:

iis comitiis perfectis,

Liv. 24, 43, 9:

bellum,

id. 22, 38, 7:

aliquid absolvi et perfici,

Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35:

multa,

id. Or. 30, 105:

scelus,

to perpetrate, id. Clu. 68, 194:

cogitata,

id. Deiot. 7, 21:

instituta,

id. Div. 2, 5:

poëma,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 8:

conata,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

nihil est simul et inventum et perfectum,

Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

centum annos,

to complete, live, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 39.—So of commissions, orders, to execute:

munus,

Verg. A. 6, 629; 6, 637; Cic. Fam. 6, 7:

jussa,

Val. Fl. 7, 61:

mandata,

Sil. 13, 343.—

Transf.

To bring to completion, finish, perfect (opp. inchoare):

candelabrum perfectum e gemmis clarissimis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64:

murum,

Liv. 25, 11:

loricam,

Sil. 2, 403:

aedem,

Suet. Aug. 60:

cibos ambulatione,

to digest, Plin. 11, 53, 118, § 283:

cucumeres,

id. 19, 5, 23, § 65: coria, to dress or curry, id. 23, 1, 16, § 22:

lanas,

id. 35, 15, 52, § 190:

minium,

id. 33, 7, 40, § 118.—

To make perfect, to perfect:

aliquem citharā,

Ov. A. A. 1, 11: expleta et perfecta forma honestatis, Cic. Fin. 2, 15, 48:

artem,

Suet. Ner. 41.—

To bring about, to cause, effect; with ut, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 24; Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 127:

perfice ut putem,

convince me, id. Tusc. 1, 8, 15; id. Fam. 11, 27, 2:

eloquentia perfecit, ut, etc.,

Nep. Ep. 6, 4.—With ne and subj.:

omnia perfecit, quae senatus salvā re publicā ne fieri possent perfecerat,

Cic. Phil. 2, 22, 55. —

In mal. part., = energein, Mart. 3, 79, 2; cf. Ov. A. A. 1, 389; Capitol. Max. 4, 7.— perfectus, a, um, P. a., finished, complete, perfect, excellent, exquisite (class.).

Of persons:

oratorem plenum atque perfectum esse, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 59:

homines in dicendo,

id. ib. 1, 13, 58:

perfectis et absoluti philosophi,

id. Div. 2, 72, 150:

homines,

id. Off. 1, 15, 46; id. Brut. 30, 114:

in geometriā,

id. Fin. 1, 6, 20:

in arte,

Ov. A. A. 2, 547.—In a religious sense, righteous (eccl. Lat.):

cor perfectum,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 11, 4; id. Matt. 5, 48.—Perfectissimus, a title of honor under the later emperors, Cod. Const. 12, tit. 33; Am. 21, 16 init.; Lact. 5, 14, 18.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things:

naturae,

Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 33:

ratio,

id. ib. 13, 34:

pulchriora etiam Polycliti et iam plane perfecta (signa),

id. Brut. 18, 70:

perfectum atque absolutum officium,

id. Off. 3, 3, 14:

perfecta cumulataque virtus,

id. Sest. 40, 86: aetas, full or ripe age, the age of fiveand-twenty, Dig. 4, 4, 32 init.—Comp.:

valvae perfectiores,

Cic. Verr. 2, 56:

aliquid perfectius,

id. de Or. 1, 2, 5; id. Brut. 18, 69; Hor. Epod. 5, 59; Quint. 12, 1, 21:

ad perfectiora,

Vulg. Heb. 6, 1.— Sup.:

quod ego summum et perfectissimum judicem,

Cic. Or. 1, 3; 15, 47; id. Brut. 31, 118; Juv. 2, 5.— Adv.: perfectē, fully, completely, perfectly (class.):

eruditus,

Cic. Brut. 81, 282; id. de Or. 1, 28, 130:

veritatem imitari,

id. Div. 1, 13, 23.— Comp., App. Flor. p. 357, 1; Tert. Apol. 45.— Sup., Gell. 11, 16 fin.

prae-fĭcĭo, fēci, fectum, 3, v. a. [facio], to set over any thing (as officer, superintendent, leader, etc.), to place in authority over, place at the head, appoint to the command of.

Lit. (freq. and class.; cf.:

praepono, praefero): te cum securi caudicali praeficio provinciae,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 25:

praefeci rure recte qui curet tamen,

id. Cas. 1, 1, 17:

aliquem pecori,

Cic. Planc. 25, 62:

certum magistratum alicui procurationi,

id. Leg. 2, 26, 66:

imperatorem bello,

id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49:

tantis rebus,

id. ib. 10, 27:

legatos legionibus,

Caes. B. G. 5, 24:

pontifices sacris,

Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26:

aliquem sacerdotio Neptuni,

Plin. 9, 8, 8, § 27:

libertos rationibus, libellis et epistulis,

Tac. A. 6, 8:

aliquem provinciae,

id. ib. 13, 46;

2, 4: aliquem classi,

Nep. Milt. 4, 1; Liv. 35, 42 et saep.:

lucis Avernis,

Verg. A. 6, 118:

Juno sacris praefecta maritis,

Ov. H. 12, 87:

in eo exercitu inimici mei fratrem praefecerat,

had given him a command, Cic. Sest. 18, 41. —

Trop., to set over, etc. (rare): nec locus nec materia invenitur, cui divinationem praeficere possimus, Cic. Div. 2, 4, 12. —Hence, as subst.: praefectus, i, m., an overseer, director, president, chief, commander, prefect.

In gen.:

gumnasi praefecto poenas pendere,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 22:

villae,

Varr. R. R. 1, 17 fin.:

tu (censor) es praefectus moribus,

Cic. Clu. 46, 129; cf.:

praefectus morum,

Nep. Hamilc. 3, 2:

nec vero mulieribus praefectus praeponatur,

Cic. Rep. 4, 6, 16 (Non. 499, 13); cf. Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 30:

cum praefectus custodum quaesisset, etc.,

Nep. Eum. 11, 1:

his utitur quasi praefectis libidinum suarum,

Cic. Red. in Sen. 6, 15.—

In partic., as a title of particular civil or military officers, a president, superintendent, commander, governor, etc.:

praefectus aerarii or aerario,

a treasurer, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 2; id. Pan. 92; Gell. 13, 24, 30; Capitol. Gord. 4: annonae, a superintendent of grain or of the markets, Tac. A. 11, 31; Inscr. Orell. 1084; 1186; 1091;

3169: castrorum or castris,

an officer who attended to the pitching of the camp and all matters connected therewith, a quartermaster, Vell. 2, 112, 6; 119, 4; 120, 4; Tac. A. 14, 37; 1, 20; cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 10:

classis,

an admiral, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89; Liv. 26, 48; 36, 20; 42; Flor. 3, 7; afterwards also for a captain of a ship, Tac. H. 3, 12; Veg. Mil. 4, 32; Inscr. Orell. 3596;

who was formerly called praefectus navis: dextrum cornu praefectos navium ad terram explicare jubet,

Liv. 36, 44; Flor. 2, 5: fabrūm, in the army, a superintendent of the military engines, chief engineer, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, C, 2; id. B. C. 1, 24, 4; Nep. Att. 12, 4; Vell. 2, 76, 1; Plin. 36, 6, 7, § 48; Inscr. Orell. 4906;

in the free towns and colonies,

a superintendent of public works, ib. 516: equitum, a commander of the cavalry, as we say, a colonel or general of cavalry, Hirt. B. G. 8, 12; Vell. 2, 24, 1;

called also simply praefectus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 3, 7; Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 7; cf.

cohortium,

Sall. J. 46, 7: legionis, in the time of the emperors, the same that was previously called legatus legionis, a commander of the legion, i. q. our colonel, Tac. H. 1, 82; Suet. Claud. 12; id. Galb. 11; 14; id. Calig. 56; id. Ner. 21; Inscr. Grut. 465, 2; cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 9:

praefectus regis or regius,

a commander-in-chief, generalissimo, Liv. 36, 11; Sall. J. 46, 5; Nep. Alcib. 5, 2; id. Ages. 2, 3; cf. Flor. 3, 5; 11:

praefectus praetorio and praetorii, in the time of the emperors,

a commander of the imperial body - guard, pretorian prefect, Tac. A. 1, 24; id. H. 1, 13; 19; Dig. 1, 11 et saep.; in later times, a governor of a province of the Roman empire: praefectus urbi or urbis, governor of the city of Rome, in the times of the republic, appointed only to represent the consul during the latter's absence; under the emperors, a perpetual office with a particular jurisdiction, Varr. ap. Gell. 14, 7; Tac. A. 6, 10; 11; Plin. 11, 38, 90, § 223; Suet. Aug. 33; Inscr. Orell. 3153 sq.:

vigilum or vigilibus,

a captain of the watch, Dig. 1, 15, 3; 47, 2, 58; Inscr. Orell. 801; 1088; 1929:

Aegypti,

the governor of the province of Egypt, Suet. Aug. 18; 66; id. Vesp. 6; Dig. 1, 17; Inscr. Orell. 709; 3651; so,

Lydiae, Ioniae, totiusque Phrygiae,

Nep. Dat. 2, 5:

Alpium,

Plin. 10, 48, 68, § 134; Inscr. Grut. 287, 7.

rĕ-fĭcĭo, fēci, fectum (AEDIFICIA REFACTA, Inscr. Orell. 3115), 3, v. a. [facio], to make again, make anew, put in condition again; to remake, restore, renew, rebuild, repair, refit, recruit, etc. (freq. and class.; syn.: renovo, restauro, redintegro).

Lit.

In gen.:

quidvis citius dissolvi posse videmus Quam rursus refici, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 557 sq.:

aliud ex alio reficit natura,

id. 1, 263:

ea, quae sunt amissa,

Caes. B. C. 2, 15; 2, 16; cf.:

arma, tela, alia quae spe pacis amiserat, reficere, Sall J. 66, 1: testamentum jure militari,

to make anew, Dig. 29, 1, 9: reficere sic accipimus ad pristinam formam iter et actum reducere, hoc est, ne quis dilatet aut producat deprimat aut ex aggeret;

longe enim aliud est reficere, aliud facere,

ib. 43, 19, 3 fin.:

reficere est, quod corruptum est, in pristinum statum restaurare,

ib. 43, 21, 1:

opus,

Cic. Verr 2, 1, 54, § 142; cf.:

Demosthenes curator muris reficiendis fuit, eosque refecit pecumā suā,

id. Opt. Gen. 7, 19:

aedes,

id. Top 3, 15; so,

aedem,

Nep. Att. 20, 3:

fana reficienda,

Cic. Rep. 3, 9; Nep. Timol. 3:

rates quassas,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 17:

templa Aedisque labentes deorum,

id. ib. 3, 6, 2:

muros, classem, portas,

Caes. B. C. 1, 34 fin.:

naves,

id. B. G. 4, 29 fin.; 4, 31; 5, 1; 5, 11;

5, 23: pontem,

id. ib. 7, 35; 7, 53 fin.; 7, 58; id. B. C. 1, 41 al.:

labore assiduo reficiendae urbis,

Liv. 6, 1, 6 et saep.:

copias ex dilectibus,

to fill up, recruit, Caes. B. C. 3, 87:

exercitus,

Liv. 3, 10.—Of cattle:

semper enim refice,

Verg. G. 3, 70:

ordines,

Liv. 3, 70:

si paulum modo res essent refectae,

i. e. the army, Nep. Hann 1, 4:

flammam,

to rekindle, Ov. F. 3, 144:

ignes,

Petr. 136. —

In partic.

Econom. and mercant. t. t., to make again, i. e. to get back again, get in return (cf.:

reddo, recipio): nemo sanus debet velle impensam ac sumptum facere in culturam, si videt non posse refici,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 8:

numquam eris dives ante, quam tibi ex tuis possessionibus tantum reficiatur, ut eo tueri sex legiones possis,

Cic. Par. 6, 1, 45; Dig. 50, 16, 88:

quod tanto plus sibi mercedis ex fundo refectum sit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 50, § 119:

quod inde refectum est, militi divisum,

Liv. 35, 1 fin. Drak.:

pecuniam ex venditionibus,

Dig. 26, 7, 39, § 8:

impensas belli alio bello refecturus,

to replace, defray, Just. 9, 1, 9. —

Publicists' t. t.: reficere consulem, tribunum, praetorem, etc., to appoint anew, to reappoint, re-elect:

tribunos, consulem,

Liv. 3, 21:

consulem,

id. 10, 13:

Voleronem tribunum,

id. 2, 56:

consul factus, refectus,

Sen. Ep. 104, 9:

praetorem,

Liv. 24, 9:

tribunos,

Cic. Lael. 25, 96; Liv. 6, 36. —

Trop

In gen., to restore (very rare):

in quo (naufragio rei publicae) colligendo, ac reficiendā salute communi,

Cic. Sest. 6, 15. refecta fides, Tac. A. 6, 17.—

In partic., of the body or mind, to make strong again, to restore, reinvigorate, refresh, recruit ( = recreare, renovare; freq. and class.).

Of the body; constr. class. usu. with ex and abl. of disease, toil, etc.; rarely with ab and abl.:

exercitum ex labore atque inopiā,

Caes. B. G. 7, 32, 1:

ad reficiendum militem ex jactatione maritimā, Liv 30, 29, 1: morbus ex quo tum primum reficiebatur,

id. 39, 49, 4; cf.:

milites hibernorum quiete a laboribus,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 1:

boves quiete et pabulo laeto,

Liv. 1, 7:

saucios cum cura,

Sall. J. 54, 1:

equos,

Caes. B. C. 2, 42 fin.:

vires cibo,

Liv. 37, 24:

Tironis reficiendi spes est in M. Curio,

of curing, Cic. Att. 7, 3, 12:

aciem oculorum,

Plin. 37, 5, 17, § 66 (al. recipiat):

stomachum,

id. 32, 6, 21, § 64:

lassitudines,

id. 31, 10, 46, § 119:

cum saltus reficit jam roscida luna,

refreshes, revives, Verg. G. 3, 337:

teneras herbas (Aurora),

Ov. F. 3, 711:

ego ex magnis caloribus in Arpinati me refeci,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 1:

se ex labore,

Caes. B. G. 3, 5 fin.; 7, 83:

se ab imbecillitate,

Plin. 26, 11, 68, § 109:

necdum salis refectis ab jactatione maritumā militibus,

Liv. 21, 26, 5;

and simply with se,

Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 2:

labore refici ac reparari videtur,

Plin. Pan. 77, 6: ex vulnere refici, Tac. A. 13, 44 fin.:

ex longo morbo,

Sen. Ep. 7, 1. —

Of the mind:

nunc vester conspectus et consessus iste reficit et recreat mentem meam,

Cic. Planc. 1, 2:

me recreat et reficit Pompeii consilium,

id. Mil. 1, 2:

cum reficiat animos ac reparet varietas ipsa (dicendi),

Quint. 1, 12, 4;

so with renovare,

id. 6, 3, 1:

animum ex forensi strepitu,

Cic. Arch. 6, 12:

refecti sunt militum animi,

Liv. 21, 25, 10:

reficit animos Romanis,

id. 42, 67 init.:

non ad animum, sed ad vultum ipsum reficiendum,

i. e. to cheer up, clear up, Cic. Att. 12, 14, 3:

ad ea quae dicturus sum reficite vos,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

refectā tandem spe,

restored, renewed, Liv. 23, 26:

rerum repetitio et congregatio memoriam judicis reficit,

Quint. 6, 1, 1; cf. id. 4, prooem. § 6. — Hence, * rĕfectus, a, um, P.a., refreshed, recruited, invigorated; comp., refectior, Mart. Cap 2, § 139.

suf-fĭcĭo ( subf-), fēci, fectum, 3, v. a. and n. [facio].

To put under or among.

Of a building, to lay the foundation for: opus. Curt. 5, 1, 29 Zumpt. —

Esp., to put into, dip in, dye, impregnate, imbue, tinge, lanam medicamentis, to impregnate, imbue, tinge, Cic. ap. Non. 386, 10, and 521, 19:

(angues) ardentes oculos suffecti sanguine et igni,

suffused, colored, Verg. A. 2, 210:

maculis suffecta genas,

Val. Fl. 2, 105:

suffecta leto lumina,

id. 1, 822; cf.:

nubes sole suffecta,

i. e. shone through, irradiated, Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 11.—

To give, affard, furnish, supply = suppeditare, hupechein (mostly poet.):

(nebulae) sufficiunt nubes,

Lucr. 6, 480:

ut cibus aliam naturam sufficit ex se,

id. 3, 704:

haec aëra rarum Sufficiunt nobis,

id. 2, 108:

tellus Sufficit umorem,

Verg. G. 2, 424:

aut illae (salices) pecori frondem aut pastoribus umbras Sufficiunt saepemque satis et pabula melli,

id. ib. 2, 435:

ut (Hispania) Italiae cunctarum rerum abundantiam sufficiat,

Just. 44, 1, 4:

dux agmina sufficit unus turbanti terras,

Sil. 1, 36; cf.:

Horatius eos excursionibus sufficiendo adsuefacerat sibi fidere,

by permitting to take part in, Liv. 3, 61, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.; Petr. 27.— Trop.:

ipse pater Danais animos viresque secundas Sufficit,

gives courage and strength, Verg. A. 2, 618; 9, 803.—

To occupy with, employ in: Horatius eos (milites) excursionibus (dat.) sufficiendo proeliisque levibus experiundo assuefecerat sibi fidere, by employing them in sallies, etc., Liv. 3, 61.—

To put in the place of, to substitute for another; and esp., to choose or elect in the place of any one (class.; esp. freq. of magistrates, e. g. of consuls;

syn. subrogo): suffectus in Lucretii locum M. Horatius Pulvillus,

Liv. 2, 8, 4: in Appii locum suffectus, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10, 2:

consul in sufficiendo collegā occupatus,

Cic. Mur. 39, 85; cf.:

ne consul sufficiatur,

id. ib. 38, 82:

censorem in demortui locum,

Liv. 5, 31, 7:

suffectis in loca eorum novis regibus,

Just. 11, 10, 7:

ipsae (apes) regem parvosque Quirites Sufficiunt,

Verg. G. 4, 202:

seu tribunos modo seu tribunis suffectos consules quoque habuit,

Liv. 4, 8, 1:

quia collegam suffici censori religio erat,

id. 6, 27, 4; 6, 38, 10:

quibus vitio creatis suffecti,

id. 9, 7, 14; 10, 47, 1:

filius patri suffectus,

Tac. A. 4, 16:

Conon Alcibiadi suffectus,

Just. 5, 6, 1:

sperante heredem suffici se proximum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 12.—Esp. in the phrase suffectus consul, a consul elected after the regular time, a vice-consul:

quando duo ordinarii consules ejus anni alter morbo, alter ferro periisset, suffectum consulem negabant recte comitia habere posse,

Liv. 41, 18, 16 Weissenb. ad loc.; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 43, 2; Tac. A. 3, 37 fin.; cf.:

consulatus suffectus,

Aus. Grat. Act. 14, 2, § 32.—

Transf., to cause to take the place of, to supply instead of, to furnish as a substitute ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

atque aliam ex aliā generando suffice prolem,

Verg. G. 3, 65:

septimo eosdem (dentes) decidere anno, aliosque suffici,

Plin. 7, 16, 15, § 68:

quattuor caeli partes in ternas dividunt et singulis ventos binos suffectos dant,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, 2.—

Neutr., to be sufficient, to suffice, avail for, meet the need of, satisfy (freq. and class.; syn. suppeto); constr. absol., with dat., ad, adversus, in, with inf., ut or ne; rarely with si.

Absol.:

quamquam nec scribae sufficere nec tabulae nomina illorum capere potuerunt,

Cic. Phil. 2, 7, 16:

nec jam sufficiunt,

Verg. A. 9, 515:

idque (ferrum) diu Suffecit,

id. ib. 12, 739:

Romani quoad sufficere remiges potuerunt, satis pertinaciter secuti sunt,

Liv. 36, 45, 2:

non sufficiebant oppidani,

id. 21, 8, 4:

haec exempli gratiā sufficient,

Quint. 9, 2, 56:

non videntur tempora suffectura,

id. 2, 5, 3:

pro magistratibus, qui non sufficerent,

Suet. Aug. 43:

quīs non sufficientibus,

Curt. 9, 4, 33.—With subject-clause:

sufficit dicere, E portu navigavi,

Quint. 4, 2, 41:

non, quia sufficiat, non esse sacrilegium, sed quia, etc.,

id. 7, 3, 9:

suffecerit haec retulisse,

Suet. Ner. 31; Mart. 9, 1, 8.—

With dat.: nec jam vires sufficere cuiquam, * Caes. B. G. 7, 20; cf.:

vires concipit suffecturas oneri,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 173:

nec iis sufficiat imaginem virtutis effingere,

Quint. 10, 2, 15:

ac mihi quidem sufficeret hoc genus,

id. 5, 10, 90:

paucorum cupiditati cum obsistere non poterant, tamen sufficere aliquo modo poterant,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 48, § 127:

mons, hominum lacte et carne vescentium abunde sufficiebat alimentis,

Liv. 29, 31, 9:

hae manus suffecere desiderio meo,

Curt. 4, 1, 25; 3, 6, 19:

vires quae sufficiant labori certaminum,

Quint. 10, 3, 3; cf.:

summis operibus suffecturi vires,

id. 2, 4, 33:

pronuntiatio vel scenis suffectura,

id. 10, 1, 119:

quod opus cuicumque discendo sufficiet,

id. 1, 9, 3:

dominis sufficit tantum soli, ut relevare caput possint,

Plin. Ep. 1, 24, 4.— Poet.:

nec sufficit umbo Ictibus,

Verg. A. 9, 810.—

With ad: terra ingenito umore egens vix ad [p. 1792] perennes suffecit amnes, Liv. 4, 30:

inopi aerario nec plebe ad tributum sufficiente,

id. 29, 16:

annus vix ad solacium unius anni,

id. 10, 47:

oppidani ad omnia tuenda non sufficiebant,

id. 21, 8, 4:

quomodo nos ad patiendum sufficiamus,

id. 29, 17, 17; 21, 8, 4; 33, 10:

ad quod si vires non suffecerint,

Quint. 12, 1, 32.—

With adversus:

non suffecturum ducem unum et exercitum unum adversus quattuor populos,

Liv. 10, 25.—

With in:

nec locus in tumulos nec sufficit arbor in ignes,

Ov. M. 7, 613:

ergo ego sufficiam reus in nova crimina semper?

id. Am. 2, 7, 1.—

With inf.:

nec nos obniti contra nec tendere tantum Sufficimus,

Verg. A. 5, 22.—

With ut or ne:

interim sufficit, ut exorari te sinas,

Plin. Ep. 9, 21, 3:

sufficit, ne ea, quae sunt vera, minuantur,

id. ib. 9, 33, 11.—

With si:

sufficere tibi debet, si, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 9:

sufficere his credis, si probi existimentur,

id. Pan. 88, 2.—Hence, P. a.: suffĭcĭens, entis, sufficient, adequate:

aetas vix tantis matura rebus, sed abunde sufficiens,

Curt. 3, 6, 19:

testes,

Dig. 29, 7, 8.— Sup.:

unica et sufficientissima definitio,

Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 2.

suf-fĭcĭo ( subf-), fēci, fectum, 3, v. a. and n. [facio].

To put under or among.

Of a building, to lay the foundation for: opus. Curt. 5, 1, 29 Zumpt. —

Esp., to put into, dip in, dye, impregnate, imbue, tinge, lanam medicamentis, to impregnate, imbue, tinge, Cic. ap. Non. 386, 10, and 521, 19:

(angues) ardentes oculos suffecti sanguine et igni,

suffused, colored, Verg. A. 2, 210:

maculis suffecta genas,

Val. Fl. 2, 105:

suffecta leto lumina,

id. 1, 822; cf.:

nubes sole suffecta,

i. e. shone through, irradiated, Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 11.—

To give, affard, furnish, supply = suppeditare, hupechein (mostly poet.):

(nebulae) sufficiunt nubes,

Lucr. 6, 480:

ut cibus aliam naturam sufficit ex se,

id. 3, 704:

haec aëra rarum Sufficiunt nobis,

id. 2, 108:

tellus Sufficit umorem,

Verg. G. 2, 424:

aut illae (salices) pecori frondem aut pastoribus umbras Sufficiunt saepemque satis et pabula melli,

id. ib. 2, 435:

ut (Hispania) Italiae cunctarum rerum abundantiam sufficiat,

Just. 44, 1, 4:

dux agmina sufficit unus turbanti terras,

Sil. 1, 36; cf.:

Horatius eos excursionibus sufficiendo adsuefacerat sibi fidere,

by permitting to take part in, Liv. 3, 61, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.; Petr. 27.— Trop.:

ipse pater Danais animos viresque secundas Sufficit,

gives courage and strength, Verg. A. 2, 618; 9, 803.—

To occupy with, employ in: Horatius eos (milites) excursionibus (dat.) sufficiendo proeliisque levibus experiundo assuefecerat sibi fidere, by employing them in sallies, etc., Liv. 3, 61.—

To put in the place of, to substitute for another; and esp., to choose or elect in the place of any one (class.; esp. freq. of magistrates, e. g. of consuls;

syn. subrogo): suffectus in Lucretii locum M. Horatius Pulvillus,

Liv. 2, 8, 4: in Appii locum suffectus, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10, 2:

consul in sufficiendo collegā occupatus,

Cic. Mur. 39, 85; cf.:

ne consul sufficiatur,

id. ib. 38, 82:

censorem in demortui locum,

Liv. 5, 31, 7:

suffectis in loca eorum novis regibus,

Just. 11, 10, 7:

ipsae (apes) regem parvosque Quirites Sufficiunt,

Verg. G. 4, 202:

seu tribunos modo seu tribunis suffectos consules quoque habuit,

Liv. 4, 8, 1:

quia collegam suffici censori religio erat,

id. 6, 27, 4; 6, 38, 10:

quibus vitio creatis suffecti,

id. 9, 7, 14; 10, 47, 1:

filius patri suffectus,

Tac. A. 4, 16:

Conon Alcibiadi suffectus,

Just. 5, 6, 1:

sperante heredem suffici se proximum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 12.—Esp. in the phrase suffectus consul, a consul elected after the regular time, a vice-consul:

quando duo ordinarii consules ejus anni alter morbo, alter ferro periisset, suffectum consulem negabant recte comitia habere posse,

Liv. 41, 18, 16 Weissenb. ad loc.; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 43, 2; Tac. A. 3, 37 fin.; cf.:

consulatus suffectus,

Aus. Grat. Act. 14, 2, § 32.—

Transf., to cause to take the place of, to supply instead of, to furnish as a substitute ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

atque aliam ex aliā generando suffice prolem,

Verg. G. 3, 65:

septimo eosdem (dentes) decidere anno, aliosque suffici,

Plin. 7, 16, 15, § 68:

quattuor caeli partes in ternas dividunt et singulis ventos binos suffectos dant,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, 2.—

Neutr., to be sufficient, to suffice, avail for, meet the need of, satisfy (freq. and class.; syn. suppeto); constr. absol., with dat., ad, adversus, in, with inf., ut or ne; rarely with si.

Absol.:

quamquam nec scribae sufficere nec tabulae nomina illorum capere potuerunt,

Cic. Phil. 2, 7, 16:

nec jam sufficiunt,

Verg. A. 9, 515:

idque (ferrum) diu Suffecit,

id. ib. 12, 739:

Romani quoad sufficere remiges potuerunt, satis pertinaciter secuti sunt,

Liv. 36, 45, 2:

non sufficiebant oppidani,

id. 21, 8, 4:

haec exempli gratiā sufficient,

Quint. 9, 2, 56:

non videntur tempora suffectura,

id. 2, 5, 3:

pro magistratibus, qui non sufficerent,

Suet. Aug. 43:

quīs non sufficientibus,

Curt. 9, 4, 33.—With subject-clause:

sufficit dicere, E portu navigavi,

Quint. 4, 2, 41:

non, quia sufficiat, non esse sacrilegium, sed quia, etc.,

id. 7, 3, 9:

suffecerit haec retulisse,

Suet. Ner. 31; Mart. 9, 1, 8.—

With dat.: nec jam vires sufficere cuiquam, * Caes. B. G. 7, 20; cf.:

vires concipit suffecturas oneri,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 173:

nec iis sufficiat imaginem virtutis effingere,

Quint. 10, 2, 15:

ac mihi quidem sufficeret hoc genus,

id. 5, 10, 90:

paucorum cupiditati cum obsistere non poterant, tamen sufficere aliquo modo poterant,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 48, § 127:

mons, hominum lacte et carne vescentium abunde sufficiebat alimentis,

Liv. 29, 31, 9:

hae manus suffecere desiderio meo,

Curt. 4, 1, 25; 3, 6, 19:

vires quae sufficiant labori certaminum,

Quint. 10, 3, 3; cf.:

summis operibus suffecturi vires,

id. 2, 4, 33:

pronuntiatio vel scenis suffectura,

id. 10, 1, 119:

quod opus cuicumque discendo sufficiet,

id. 1, 9, 3:

dominis sufficit tantum soli, ut relevare caput possint,

Plin. Ep. 1, 24, 4.— Poet.:

nec sufficit umbo Ictibus,

Verg. A. 9, 810.—

With ad: terra ingenito umore egens vix ad [p. 1792] perennes suffecit amnes, Liv. 4, 30:

inopi aerario nec plebe ad tributum sufficiente,

id. 29, 16:

annus vix ad solacium unius anni,

id. 10, 47:

oppidani ad omnia tuenda non sufficiebant,

id. 21, 8, 4:

quomodo nos ad patiendum sufficiamus,

id. 29, 17, 17; 21, 8, 4; 33, 10:

ad quod si vires non suffecerint,

Quint. 12, 1, 32.—

With adversus:

non suffecturum ducem unum et exercitum unum adversus quattuor populos,

Liv. 10, 25.—

With in:

nec locus in tumulos nec sufficit arbor in ignes,

Ov. M. 7, 613:

ergo ego sufficiam reus in nova crimina semper?

id. Am. 2, 7, 1.—

With inf.:

nec nos obniti contra nec tendere tantum Sufficimus,

Verg. A. 5, 22.—

With ut or ne:

interim sufficit, ut exorari te sinas,

Plin. Ep. 9, 21, 3:

sufficit, ne ea, quae sunt vera, minuantur,

id. ib. 9, 33, 11.—

With si:

sufficere tibi debet, si, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 9:

sufficere his credis, si probi existimentur,

id. Pan. 88, 2.—Hence, P. a.: suffĭcĭens, entis, sufficient, adequate:

aetas vix tantis matura rebus, sed abunde sufficiens,

Curt. 3, 6, 19:

testes,

Dig. 29, 7, 8.— Sup.:

unica et sufficientissima definitio,

Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 2.