a-kill

lētum (sometimes written lēthum, from a supposed connection with lêthê), i, n. [acc. to Varr. L. L. 7, § 42 Müll., and Paul. ex Fest. p. 115 Müll., from lêthê; more prob. acc. to Prisc. p. 665 and 898 P., from leo, whence also deleo; root lī-; cf. Sanscr. vi-lī, to dissolve; Gr. limnê, limên, loimos]. death (ante-class., and in the class. period mostly poet.): ollus apparet in funeribus indictivis, cum dicitur: ollus leto datus est (qs. was [p. 1053] given up to oblivion), Varr. L. L. 7, § 42 Müll.—The phrase leto datus, dead: leto dare, to kill, often occurs:

sos leto datos divos habento,

Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22: quorum liberi leto dati sunt in bello, Enn. ap. Non. 15, 13 (Trag. v. 378 Vahl.):

qui te leto dabit,

Pac. ib. 355, 18 (Trag. Rel. p. 79 Rib.); Verg. A. 5, 806; 11, 172; 12, 328; Ov. H. 2, 147:

utrumque largus leto dedit ingenii fons,

Juv. 10, 119; Phaedr. 1, 21, 9; 3, 16, 18: letum inimico deprecer, Enn. ap. Gell. 6, 16, 10 (Trag. v. 162 Vahl.):

emortuus leto malo,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 5, 1:

letum sibi consciscere,

id. Mil. 4, 6, 26:

responde, quo leto censes ut peream,

id. Merc. 2, 4, 15:

leto offerre caput,

Lucr. 3, 1041:

mortis letique potitus,

id. 4, 766:

eodem sibi leto, quo ipse interisset, esse pereundum,

Cic. Div. 1, 26, 56:

turpi leto perire,

id. Att. 10, 10, 5:

ferre (alicui),

Verg. A. 11, 872:

leto sternendus,

id. ib. 8, 566:

sibi parere manu,

id. ib. 6, 434:

ostentant omnia letum,

Cat. 64, 187:

leto jam mala finissem,

Tib. 2, 6, 19:

leto adimere aliquem,

to save from death, Hor. C. 3, 22, 3:

leto se eripere,

Verg. A. 2, 134:

pari leto affici,

Nep. Reg. 3, 2:

me pessimo leto adficere,

Liv. 22, 53, 11:

novo genere leti mergi,

id. 1, 51, 9; 2, 40, 10:

oppetere,

id. 45, 26.—

Personified:

consanguineus Leti Sopor,

Verg. A. 6, 278. —

Transf., of inanim, subjects, ruin, destruction ( poet. for interitus):

tenues Teucrum res eripe leto,

Verg. A. 5, 690; cf.:

tum me, Juppiter Optime Maxime, domum, familiam remque meam pessimo leto afficias,

Liv. 12, 53, 11.

lētum (sometimes written lēthum, from a supposed connection with lêthê), i, n. [acc. to Varr. L. L. 7, § 42 Müll., and Paul. ex Fest. p. 115 Müll., from lêthê; more prob. acc. to Prisc. p. 665 and 898 P., from leo, whence also deleo; root lī-; cf. Sanscr. vi-lī, to dissolve; Gr. limnê, limên, loimos]. death (ante-class., and in the class. period mostly poet.): ollus apparet in funeribus indictivis, cum dicitur: ollus leto datus est (qs. was [p. 1053] given up to oblivion), Varr. L. L. 7, § 42 Müll.—The phrase leto datus, dead: leto dare, to kill, often occurs:

sos leto datos divos habento,

Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22: quorum liberi leto dati sunt in bello, Enn. ap. Non. 15, 13 (Trag. v. 378 Vahl.):

qui te leto dabit,

Pac. ib. 355, 18 (Trag. Rel. p. 79 Rib.); Verg. A. 5, 806; 11, 172; 12, 328; Ov. H. 2, 147:

utrumque largus leto dedit ingenii fons,

Juv. 10, 119; Phaedr. 1, 21, 9; 3, 16, 18: letum inimico deprecer, Enn. ap. Gell. 6, 16, 10 (Trag. v. 162 Vahl.):

emortuus leto malo,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 5, 1:

letum sibi consciscere,

id. Mil. 4, 6, 26:

responde, quo leto censes ut peream,

id. Merc. 2, 4, 15:

leto offerre caput,

Lucr. 3, 1041:

mortis letique potitus,

id. 4, 766:

eodem sibi leto, quo ipse interisset, esse pereundum,

Cic. Div. 1, 26, 56:

turpi leto perire,

id. Att. 10, 10, 5:

ferre (alicui),

Verg. A. 11, 872:

leto sternendus,

id. ib. 8, 566:

sibi parere manu,

id. ib. 6, 434:

ostentant omnia letum,

Cat. 64, 187:

leto jam mala finissem,

Tib. 2, 6, 19:

leto adimere aliquem,

to save from death, Hor. C. 3, 22, 3:

leto se eripere,

Verg. A. 2, 134:

pari leto affici,

Nep. Reg. 3, 2:

me pessimo leto adficere,

Liv. 22, 53, 11:

novo genere leti mergi,

id. 1, 51, 9; 2, 40, 10:

oppetere,

id. 45, 26.—

Personified:

consanguineus Leti Sopor,

Verg. A. 6, 278. —

Transf., of inanim, subjects, ruin, destruction ( poet. for interitus):

tenues Teucrum res eripe leto,

Verg. A. 5, 690; cf.:

tum me, Juppiter Optime Maxime, domum, familiam remque meam pessimo leto afficias,

Liv. 12, 53, 11.

macto, āvi, ātum, 1 (old form of perf. subj. mactassint, Enn., Afran., and Pompon. ap. Non. 342, 12 sq.), v. freq. a. [macto, kindr. to Sanscr. makh, mah; intens. māmahyata, to slaughter, sacrifice; maha, victim; the ct in macto like vectum from veho; hence],

Within the religious sphere, to offer, sacrifice, immolate any thing in honor of the gods:

ferctum Jovi moveto et mactato sic,

Cato, R. R. 134, 2; so id. ib. § 4: pultem dis mactat, Varr. ap. Non. 341, 28:

nigras pecudes,

Lucr. 3, 52:

lectas de more bidentes Cereri,

Verg. A. 4, 57; Varr. ap. Non. 114, 27:

mactatus vitulus concidit propter aras,

Lucr. 2, 353:

manibus divis mactata,

id. 6, 759:

mactata veniet lenior hostia,

Hor. C. 1, 19, 16:

mactata Polyxena,

Ov. M. 13, 448:

trecenti ex dediticiis hostiarum more mactati,

Suet. Aug. 15:

vite caper morsa Bacchi mactandus ad aras,

Ov. M. 15, 114:

suovetaurilia mactanda, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.: se Orco,

Liv. 9, 40:

hostium legiones Telluri ac diis Manibus mactandas dabo,

id. 10, 28; cf.:

ruptores pacis ultioni et gloriae,

Tac. A. 2, 13.—

Beyond the relig. sphere.

To present, reward, honor with any thing good or bad: Livius inde redit magno mactatu' triumpho, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 9, 641 (Ann. v. 302 Vahl.):

eos ferunt laudibus et mactant honoribus,

heap honors on, extol, Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67 (also ap. Non. 342, 5); id. Vatin. 6, 14; id. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Far more freq. in a bad sense, to afflict, trouble, punish with any thing: illum di deaeque magno mactassint malo, Enn. ap. Non. 342, 15 (Trag. v. 377 Vahl.); Afran. ib. 16; Cic. Vatin. 15, 36; cf. without abl., Pompon. ib. 12:

dotatae mactant et malo et damno viros,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 61; cf.:

mactare malo adficere significat,

Non. 342, 8:

aliquem infortunio,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 14: faxo tali eum mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio, * Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39:

hostes patriae aeternis suppliciis vivos mortuosque mactabis,

pursue, punish, Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 33; cf.:

divisores omnium tribuum domi ipse suae crudelissima morte mactaret,

id. Harusp. Resp. 20, 42:

aliquem summo supplicio,

id. ib. 1, 11, 27:

aliquem morte,

id. Rep. 2, 35, 60:

mactantur comminus uno exitio,

Sil. 17, 500.—

To kill, slaughter, put to death:

hic mactat Ladona, Pheretaque Demodocumque,

Verg. A. 10, 413:

illigatas mollibus damas plagis,

Mart. 1, 50, 24: haec dextra Lernam taetra mactata excetra Pacavit, Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 9, 22.—

To magnify; trop, to extol, glorify, honor; esp. to glorify [p. 1094] honor a deity with sacrifices, to worship:

Liberum patrem fanorum consecratione mactatis,

Arn. 1, 24:

puerorum extis deos manes mactare,

Cic. Vatin. 6, 14.—

Poet., to give splendor to a festival: lacte Latinas, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Aliquem or aliquid, to overthrow, ruin, destroy, Cic. Fl. 22, 52:

quorum ego furori nisi cessissem, in Catilinae busto vobis ducibus mactatus essem,

should have been sacrificed, id. ib. 7, 16:

perfidos et ruptores pacis ultioni et gloriae mactandos,

to offer up, immolate, Tac. A. 2, 13:

cum videant jus civitatis illo supplicio esse mactatum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 26: aut naves uram, aut castra mactabo, to destroy, Att. ap. Non. 341, 18.—Hence, mactus, a, um, Part., sync. for mactatus:

boves mactae,

Lucr. 5, 1339 (better referred to maco, q. v.).

merces, ēdis ( irreg. acc. mercem, Claud. 6; Cons. Hon. 578), f. [mereo, what is deserved or earned; hence], hire, pay, wages, salary, fee, reward, etc. (syn.: pretium, stipendium; class.).

Lit.:

manuum mercede inopiam tolerare,

the wages of manual labor, Sall. C. 37, 7:

ne ars tanta abduceretur ad mercedem atque quaestum,

Cic. Div. 1, 41, 92:

operae,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 147:

veterum officiorum,

Juv. 5, 13:

uti ab Arvernis Sequanisque Germani mercede arcesserentur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

haec merces erat dialecticorum,

fee, Cic. Ac. 2, 30, 98:

Apollonius cum mercede doceret,

id. de Or. 1, 28, 126:

mercedibus scenicorum recisis,

the players' salaries, Suet. Tib. 34:

poscere mercedes,

to work for hire, Juv. 8, 246:

sarcienda vestimenta mercede certa accipere,

Gai. Inst. 3, 205.—Prov.:

dignus est operarius mercede suo,

Vulg. Luc. 10, 7.—

In partic., in a bad sense, an unrighteous reward, a bribe:

pretio atque mercede minuere majestatem rei publicae,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 20, § 50:

magnā mercede pacisci cum aliquo, ut,

Liv. 25, 33: mercedem accipere ab aliquo, Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80:

lingua adstricta mercede,

tied with a bribe, id. Pis. 13, 30:

iniquitatis,

Vulg. 2 Pet. 2, 13.—

Transf.

A price for any thing, reward, wages; recompense, punishment; cost, injury, detriment; a stipulation, condition, etc.:

mercedem alicujus rei constituere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 134:

alicui proponere,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 4:

alicui rei imponere,

Juv. 7, 149:

exigere ab aliquo,

Cic. Lael. 21, 80:

merces sanguinis atque laboris,

Juv. 14, 164; 1, 42:

mercedem solvere,

to make payment, id. 7, 157:

appellare,

to demand payment, id. 7, 157, v. 158.—Prov.:

unā mercede duas res adsequi,

to kill two birds with one stone, Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80:

non aliā bibam Mercede,

condition, Hor. C. 1, 27, 13:

temeritatis merces,

punishment, Liv. 39, 55:

qui metit mercedem accipit,

reward, Vulg. Johan. 4, 36:

in molestiā gaudeo, te eam fidem cognoscere hominum non ita magnā mercede, quam ego maximo dolore cognōram,

price, cost, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 3:

non sine magnā mercede,

not except at great cost, id. Tusc. 3, 6, 12:

victum illa mercede parare,

Juv. 14, 273:

magnā quidem res tuas mercede colui,

to my great disadvantage, Sen. Tranq. 11, 2.—

Rent, revenue, income, interest:

mercedes Argileti et Aventini,

Cic. Att. 12, 32, 2:

dotalium praediorum,

id. ib. 15, 20, 4:

ex fundo,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 50, § 119:

mercedes habitationum annuae,

house-rents, Caes. B. C. 3, 21:

publicanos tertiā mercedum parte relevavit,

farm-rent, Suet. Caes. 20: quinas hic capiti mercedes exsecat, interest or discount on capital, Hor. S. 1, 2, 14.

merces, for merx, v. h. v.

nĕco, āvi, ātum ( perf. necuit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 861 P.; v. infra; part. nectus, Ser. Samm. 33, 627; cf. Diom. p. 362 P.), 1, v. a. [Sanscr. naç, disappear; Gr. nekus, corpse, nekros, dead], to kill, slay, put to death, destroy (usually without a weapon, by poison, hunger, etc.; cf.: occido, interficio, interimo, perimo).

Lit.: neci datus proprie dicitur, qui sine vulnere interfectus est, ut veneno aut fame, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.:

occisum a necato distingui quidam volunt, quod alterum a caedendo atque ictu fieri dicunt, alterum sine ictu, id. s. v. occisum, p. 178 ib.: necare aliquem odore taetro,

Lucr. 6, 787:

plebem fame,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2:

legatum P. R. vinculis ac verberibus necavit,

id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11:

aliquem igni,

Caes. B. G. 1, 53:

aliquem ferro,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 58; Verg. A. 8, 488:

veneno,

Suet. Ner. 43: securi Gell. 17, 21, 17; Juv. 10, 316:

suspendiosa fame,

Plin. 8, 37, 56, § 134:

vidissem nullos, matre necante, dies,

Ov. Am. 2, 14, 22:

homines in ventre necandos conducit,

Juv. 6, 596:

colubra necuit hominem,

Phaedr. 4, 14, 4.—Of impersonal subjects: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):

lien necat, renes dolent,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 21:

radices herbarum vomere,

Col. 2, 4, 1:

salsi imbres necant frumenta,

Plin. 31, 4, 29, § 52:

hedera arbores,

id. 16, 44, 92, § 243; cf. Laber. ap. Macr. Sat. 2, 7:

aquae flammas necant,

quench, Plin. 31, 1, 1, § 2; to drown (late Lat.):

deducti ad torrentem necati sunt,

Sulp. Sev. Hist. 1.—

Trop.:

quid te coërces et necas rectam indolem,

i. e. thwart, check, Sen. Hippol. 454.—So to worry or bore to death with talking, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 43 (cf.:

occidis saepe rogando,

Hor. Epod. 14, 5).