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1 zolfo
"sulphur;Schwefel;enxofre"* * *m sulphur, AE sulfur* * *zolfo s.m. (chim.) sulphur: zolfo libero, free sulphur; zolfo raffinato, processed sulphur; fiori di zolfo, flowers of sulphur; miniera di zolfo, sulphur mine; biossido di zolfo, sulphur dioxide; trattare, combinare con zolfo, to sulphurize.* * *['tsolfo, 'dzolfo]sostantivo maschile sulphur BE, sulfur AE* * *zolfo/'tsolfo, 'dzolfo/sostantivo m.sulphur BE, sulfur AE. -
2 azufrera
• sulphur mine -
3 mina de azufre
• sulphur mine -
4 azufrera
f.sulphur mine. -
5 soufrière
sufʀijɛʀ nfsulphur mine Grande-Bretagne sulfur mine USA* * *soufrière nf sulphurGB mine.[sufrijɛr] nom féminin -
6 solfatara
* * *[solfa'tara]sostantivo femminile1) (bacino vulcanico) solfatara2) (miniera) sulphur mine BE, sulfur mine AE* * *solfatara/solfa'tara/sostantivo f.1 (bacino vulcanico) solfatara -
7 solfara
solfara s.f. sulphur mine. -
8 zolfara
zolfara s.f. sulphur mine. -
9 metallum
mĕtallum, i, n., = metallon, a mine or quarry, of gold, silver, iron, or stone; voc. metalle, as if from metallus, Spart. Pesc. Nig. 126.I.Lit., the place where metals are dug, a mine:II.metalla vetera intermissa recoluit, et nova multis locis instituit,
Liv. 39, 24:sandaracae,
Vitr. 7, 7, 5:aurifera,
gold-mines, Luc. 3, 209:silicum,
stone-quarry, id. 4, 304:miniarium,
Plin. 33, 7, 40, § 118:praeter annuum, quod ex metallis regiis capia, vectigal,
Liv. 42, 12: herba tantae suavitatis, ut metallum esse coeperit, a mine, i. e. that a tax was raised from it as from a mine, Plin. 21, 7, 20, § 44: damnare in metallum, to condemn to labor in the mines or quarries:damnatus in metallum,
Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8:condemnare aliquem ad metalla,
Suet. Calig. 27:mediocrium delictorum poenae sunt metallum, ludus, deportatio,
Paul. Sent. 5, 17, 3; 5, 3, 5:dare aliquem in metallum,
Dig. 48, 19, 8:metallo plecti,
ib. 47, 11, 7:puniri,
ib. 48, 13, 6.—Transf., the product of a mine or quarry.1.A metal, as gold, silver, or iron:2.ubicumque una inventa vena argenti est, non procul invenitur alia. Hoc quidem et in omni fere materia: unde metalla Graeci videntur dixisse,
Plin. 33. 6, 31, §96: auri,
Verg. A. 8, 445:potior metallis libertas,
i. e. gold and silver, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 39:aeris,
Verg. G. 2, 165:pejoraque saecula ferri temporibus, quorum... nomen a nullo posuit natura metallo,
Juv. 13, 30.—Other things dug from the earth.(α).Marble, Stat. S. 4, 3, 98.—(β).Precious stone:(γ).radiantium metalla gemmarum,
Pacat. Pan. 4.—Chalk:(δ).admiscetur creta... Campani negant alicam confici sine eo metallo posse,
Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 114.—Sulphur:(ε).utque est ingenium vivacis metalli (sulphuris),
App. M. 9. p. 228, 23.—Salt:III.metallum fragile,
Prud. Hamart. 744.—Trop., metal, stuff, material:saecula meliore metallo,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 184:mores meliore metallo,
id. Cons. Mall. Theod. 137. -
10 minerale
m noun adj mineral* * *minerale agg. mineral: acqua minerale, mineral water; acqua minerale naturale, still mineral water; carbone minerale, mineral (o pit) coal; cera minerale, mineral wax; olio minerale, (petrolio) mineral oil; sale minerale, mineral salt; regno minerale, mineral kingdom◆ s.m. mineral; (economicamente estraibile) ore: minerale di zolfo, di ferro, di rame, sulphur, iron, copper ore; giacimento di minerale, mineral (o ore) deposit (o bed); minerale utile, ore (o fam. amer. pay dirt); minerale grezzo, rude ore; preparazione dei minerali, ore dressing (o mineral processing); arricchimento dei minerali, ore dressing // (petrografia) minerale accessorio, accessory mineral.* * *[mine'rale]1. agg2. sm3. sf(anche: acqua minerale) mineral water* * *[mine'rale] 1.aggettivo [regno, sali, acqua] mineral2.sostantivo maschile mineral; (grezzo) ore3.minerale di ferro — iron ore, ironstone
sostantivo femminile (acqua minerale) mineral water* * *minerale/mine'rale/[regno, sali, acqua] mineralmineral; (grezzo) ore; minerale di ferro iron ore, ironstone(acqua minerale) mineral water. -
11 газ
fluid, gas* * *газ м.1. ( агрегатное состояние вещества) gasвнеза́пное выделе́ние га́за ( в шахте) — (violent) gas outburstгаз выделя́ется из раство́ра — a dissolved gas flashes out of solutionвыделя́ть газ — evolve [liberate, give up] gasвыпуска́ть ли́шний газ ( в атмосферу) — allow surplus gas to escapeнапо́лненный га́зом — gas-filledочища́ть газ — ( от механических примесей) clean a gas; ( от нежелательных соединений) purify a gasохлажда́емый га́зом — gas-cooledпромыва́ть газ — scrub [wash] a gasрабо́тать на га́зе (о двигателе и т. п.) — gas-fireразбавля́ть газ — dilute a gasсжига́ть газ в фа́келе (напр. на промысле) — flare a gasсжижа́ть газ — liquefy a gasтрави́ть ( выпускать) [m2]газ из аэроста́та — valve the gas2. авто:дава́ть по́лный газ — give full throttleрабо́тать на по́лном газу́ — operate at full throttleсбавля́ть газ — throttle downсбра́сывать газ — release the acceleratorагресси́вный газ — corrosive [aggressive] gasадсорби́рованный газ — adsorbed gasбалло́нный газ — bottled [cylinder] gasбе́дный газ — lean gasбезокисли́тельный газ — noncorrosive gasбиологи́ческий газ — sewage [sludge] gasбиохими́ческий газ — biochemical gasблагоро́дный газ — noble [inert] gasбога́тый газ — rich gasболо́тный газ — marsh gasбу́ферный газ — buffer gasбу́ферный, неразориенти́рующий газ — nondisorienting buffer gasбу́ферный, разориенти́рующий газ — disorienting buffer gasвагра́ночный газ — cupola gasвеселя́щий газ — laughing gas, nitrous oxideга́зы в запле́чиках ( доменной печи) — bosh gasesвзрывоопа́сный газ — explosive gasвла́жный газ — wet gasводяно́й газ — water gasвозбуждё́нный газ — pumped gasвозду́шный газ ( полученный на воздушном дутье) — air-blast gasвосстанови́тельный газ — reducing gasвре́дный газ — noxious gasгаз втори́чной очи́стки — secondary gasвыделя́ющийся газ — evolved gasвы́рожденный газ — degenerate gasвысококалори́йный газ — rich [high calorific] gasвыхлопно́й газ — exhaust gasгенера́торный газ — produced gasгенера́торный, эндотерми́ческий газ — RX [generator] gasгорново́й газ ( доменной печи) — hearth gasгородско́й газ — town gasгорю́чий газ — ( используемый в качестве топлива) fuel gas; ( обладающий способностью к горению) combustible gasгрему́чий газ — fire-dampгаз гру́бой очи́стки — primary cleaned gasгря́зный газ — ( неочищенный) fume-laden gas; ( колошниковый) crude gasгаз для коммуна́льно-бытовы́х нужд — gas for public-utility use(s)до́менный газ — blast-furnace [top] gasдо́менный, чи́стый газ — clean blast-furnace [top] gasдутьево́й газ — blast gasдымово́й газ — flue [stack] gasзапылё́нный газ — dust-laden gas; метал. ash-laden gasзаторможё́нный газ — stagnated gasзащи́тный газ — shielding gasв среде́ защи́тного га́за — in an atmosphere of shielding gasидеа́льный газ — ideal [perfect] gasине́ртный газ — inert [noble] gasиску́сственный газ — artificial [manufactured] gasкаменноу́гольный газ — coal gasканализацио́нный газ — sewer gasкарбюри́рованный газ — carburetted gasкислоро́дно-конве́ртерный газ — oxygen-converter gasко́ксовый газ — coke-oven gasко́ксовый, прямо́й газ — volatile matter (of the coking process)колошнико́вый газ — blast-furnace [top] gasконве́ртерный газ — converter (waste) gasкоте́льный газ — boiler flue gasгаз ле́гче во́здуха — lighter-than-air [lifting] gasмагнитоио́нный газ — magnetoionic gasневы́рожденный газ — nondegenerate gasнеконденси́рующийся газ — permanent gasнеочи́щенный газ — raw [crude] gasгаз нефтеперерабо́тки — (oil-)refinery gasнефтяно́й газ — oil [petroleum] gasнефтяно́й, попу́тный газ — casing-head gasнизкокалори́йный газ — poor [low calorific] gasо́бжиговый газ — roaster gasоборо́тный газ — recycle gasодноа́томный газ — monatomic gasозолё́нный газ — ash-laden gasокклюди́рованный газ — occluded gasоста́точный газ — residual gasотрабо́тавший газ — exhaust [burnt] gasотходя́щий газ — waste [flue, exit, effluent] gas, off-gasпечно́й газ — kiln gasпло́тный газ — solid gasполуводяно́й газ — Dowson [semi-water] gasприро́дный газ — natural gasпсевдоожижа́ющий газ — fluidizing gasрабо́чий газ — working fluid; ( в плазменном напылении) plasma-forming gasразрежё́нный газ — rarefied gasреа́льный газ — real [imperfect] gasре́дкий газ — rare gasре́жущий газ — cutting gasрелакси́рующий газ — relaxing gasрудни́чный газ — mine gasрудни́чный газ по́сле взры́ва — afterdampсвети́льный газ — illuminating [lighting] gasсвобо́дный газ — free gasгаз с возбуждё́нными колеба́тельными степеня́ми свобо́ды — vibrationally excited gasсерни́стый газ — (gaseous) sulphur dioxideсе́рный газ — (gaseous) sulphur trioxideсжа́тый газ — compressed gasсжи́женный газ — liquefied [condensed] gasсилово́й газ — power gasсме́шанный газ — mixed gasгаз, содержа́щий дым — fume-laden gasсухо́й газ — residue gasсуши́льный газ — drying gasтехнологи́ческий газ — process gasтокси́чный газ — toxic gasгаз то́нкой очи́стки — finally cleaned gasто́пливный газ — fuel gasто́почный газ — flue gasторфяно́й газ — peat gasто́щий газ — lean gasтранспорти́рующий газ — carrier gasтрёха́томный газ — triatomic gasтропосфе́рный газ — tropospheric gasуга́рный газ — carbon monoxide; горн. whitedampуглеки́слый газ — carbon dioxideуду́шливый газ — chokedampфреати́ческий газ — phreatic gasфу́рменный газ — tuyere gasхвостово́й газ — tail gasэлектро́нный газ — electron gasэлектроотрица́тельный газ — electronegative gasэнергети́ческий газ — power gasгаз ядови́тый газ — poison gas -
12 газ
1. м. gasочищать газ — clean a gas; purify a gas
2. м. автогорючий газ — fuel gas; combustible gas
грязный газ — fume-laden gas; crude gas
запылённый газ — dust-laden gas; ash-laden gas
рабочий газ — working fluid; plasma-forming gas
угарный газ — carbon monoxide; whitedamp
-
13 zolfatara sf
[tsolfa'tara]sulphur Brit o sulfur Am mine -
14 zolfatara
sf [tsolfa'tara]sulphur Brit o sulfur Am mine -
15 sulfuraria
sulfŭrārĭa ( sulph-), ae, f. [sulfur], a sulphur pit or mine:in calcariam vel sulfurariam damnari,
Dig. 48, 19, 8, § 10; 47, 2, 53, § 10. -
16 sulphuraria
sulfŭrārĭa ( sulph-), ae, f. [sulfur], a sulphur pit or mine:in calcariam vel sulfurariam damnari,
Dig. 48, 19, 8, § 10; 47, 2, 53, § 10. -
17 Roebuck, John
SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology[br]b. 1718 Sheffield, Englandd. 17 July 1794[br]English chemist and manufacturer, inventor of the lead-chamber process for sulphuric acid.[br]The son of a prosperous Sheffield manufacturer, Roebuck forsook the family business to pursue studies in medicine at Edinburgh University. There he met Dr Joseph Black (1727–99), celebrated Professor of Chemistry, who aroused in Roebuck a lasting interest in chemistry. Roebuck continued his studies at Leyden, where he took his medical degree in 1742. He set up in practice in Birmingham, but in his spare time he continued chemical experiments that might help local industries.Among his early achievements was his new method of refining gold and silver. Success led to the setting up of a large laboratory and a reputation as a chemical consultant. It was at this time that Roebuck devised an improved way of making sulphuric acid. This vital substance was then made by burning sulphur and nitre (potassium nitrate) over water in a glass globe. The scale of the process was limited by the fragility of the glass. Roebuck substituted "lead chambers", or vessels consisting of sheets of lead, a metal both cheap and resistant to acids, set in wooden frames. After the first plant was set up in 1746, productivity rose and the price of sulphuric acid fell sharply. Success encouraged Roebuck to establish a second, larger plant at Prestonpans, near Edinburgh. He preferred to rely on secrecy rather than patents to preserve his monopoly, but a departing employee took the secret with him and the process spread rapidly in England and on the European continent. It remained the standard process until it was superseded by the contact process towards the end of the nineteenth century. Roebuck next turned his attention to ironmaking and finally selected a site on the Carron river, near Falkirk in Scotland, where the raw materials and water power and transport lay close at hand. The Carron ironworks began producing iron in 1760 and became one of the great names in the history of ironmaking. Roebuck was an early proponent of the smelting of iron with coke, pioneered by Abraham Darby at Coalbrookdale. To supply the stronger blast required, Roebuck consulted John Smeaton, who c. 1760 installed the first blowing cylinders of any size.All had so far gone well for Roebuck, but he now leased coal-mines and salt-works from the Duke of Hamilton's lands at Borrowstonness in Linlithgow. The coal workings were plagued with flooding which the existing Newcomen engines were unable to overcome. Through his friendship with Joseph Black, patron of James Watt, Roebuck persuaded Watt to join him to apply his improved steam-engine to the flooded mine. He took over Black's loan to Watt of £1,200, helped him to obtain the first steam-engine patent of 1769 and took a two-thirds interest in the project. However, the new engine was not yet equal to the task and the debts mounted. To satisfy his creditors, Roebuck had to dispose of his capital in his various ventures. One creditor was Matthew Boulton, who accepted Roebuck's two-thirds share in Watt's steam-engine, rather than claim payment from his depleted estate, thus initiating a famous partnership. Roebuck was retained to manage Borrowstonness and allowed an annuity for his continued support until his death in 1794.[br]Further ReadingMemoir of John Roebuck in J.Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. 4 (1798), pp. 65–87.S.Gregory, 1987, "John Roebuck, 18th century entrepreneur", Chem. Engr. 443:28–31.LRD
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