a+province+in+asia

Cĭlĭcĭa, ae, f., = Kilikia, a province in the southern part of Asia Minor, between Pamphylia and Syria, now Ejalet Itschil, Mel. 1, 2, 6; 1, 11, 2; 1, 13, 1 sq.; 2, 7, 5; Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 91; Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 42; Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64; id. Fam. 15, 1, 2 sq. al.—

Hence,

Cĭlix, ĭcis (abl. Cilici, Lucr. 2, 416 Lachm.; Verg. Cul. 399 al.; v. infra), adj., = Kilix, Cilician:

Cilici croco (of special excellence),

Lucr. 2, 416; Verg. Cul. 399 Sillig; cf. Stat. S. 2, 1, 160; 3, 3, 34:

Taurus,

Ov. M. 2, 217:

tonsor,

Mart. 7, 95:

Tamira,

Tac. H. 2, 3.—Subst. in plur.: Cĭlĭ-ces, um, m., = Kilikes, the Cilicians, the inhabitants of Cilicia, notorious for the practice of piracy, Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2; id. Fam. 15, 1, 3; Caes. B. C. 3, 101; Tib. 1, 2, 67; Tac. A. 2, 78 al.:

agrestium Cilicum nationes quibus Clitarum cognomentum,

id. ib. 12, 55.— Acc. Gr. Cilicas, Tib. 1, 7, 16; Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 12; Ov. Am. 2, 16, 39:

Cilices Clitae,

a barbarous tribe in the mountains of Cilicia, Tac. A. 12, 55; cf. id. ib. 6, 41.—Hence,

Fem.: Cĭlissa, ae, = Kilissa, Cilician (cf. Phoenissa, from Phoenix), adj.:

terra Cilissa,

Ov. Ib. 198:

spica,

of crocus, Prop. 4 (5), 6, 74; Ov. F. 1, 76.—

Cĭlĭcĭus, a, um, adj., Cilician:

portae,

Nep. Dat. 7, 2:

mare,

Plin. 5, 27, 26, § 96:

cotes,

id. 36, 22, 47, §§

164 and 165: crocum,

id. 21, 6, 17, § 31.—

Subst.: cĭ-lĭcĭum, ii, n., = Kilikion, a covering, originally made of Cilician goats ' hair, used by soldiers and seamen, Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 12; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 38, § 95 Ascon.; Col. 12, 46; Liv. 38, 7, 10; Veg. 2, 14, 3; also adj.:

vela,

Dig. 19, 1, 17; 33, 7, 12; cf. also udones, made of Cilician goats ' hair, Mart. 14, 148.—

Cĭlĭcĭensis, e, adj., Cilician:

legio,

Caes. B. C. 3, 88:

provincia,

Cic. Fam. 13, 67, 1:

vicinus,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7.

Cĭlĭcĭa, ae, f., = Kilikia, a province in the southern part of Asia Minor, between Pamphylia and Syria, now Ejalet Itschil, Mel. 1, 2, 6; 1, 11, 2; 1, 13, 1 sq.; 2, 7, 5; Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 91; Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 42; Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64; id. Fam. 15, 1, 2 sq. al.—

Hence,

Cĭlix, ĭcis (abl. Cilici, Lucr. 2, 416 Lachm.; Verg. Cul. 399 al.; v. infra), adj., = Kilix, Cilician:

Cilici croco (of special excellence),

Lucr. 2, 416; Verg. Cul. 399 Sillig; cf. Stat. S. 2, 1, 160; 3, 3, 34:

Taurus,

Ov. M. 2, 217:

tonsor,

Mart. 7, 95:

Tamira,

Tac. H. 2, 3.—Subst. in plur.: Cĭlĭ-ces, um, m., = Kilikes, the Cilicians, the inhabitants of Cilicia, notorious for the practice of piracy, Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2; id. Fam. 15, 1, 3; Caes. B. C. 3, 101; Tib. 1, 2, 67; Tac. A. 2, 78 al.:

agrestium Cilicum nationes quibus Clitarum cognomentum,

id. ib. 12, 55.— Acc. Gr. Cilicas, Tib. 1, 7, 16; Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 12; Ov. Am. 2, 16, 39:

Cilices Clitae,

a barbarous tribe in the mountains of Cilicia, Tac. A. 12, 55; cf. id. ib. 6, 41.—Hence,

Fem.: Cĭlissa, ae, = Kilissa, Cilician (cf. Phoenissa, from Phoenix), adj.:

terra Cilissa,

Ov. Ib. 198:

spica,

of crocus, Prop. 4 (5), 6, 74; Ov. F. 1, 76.—

Cĭlĭcĭus, a, um, adj., Cilician:

portae,

Nep. Dat. 7, 2:

mare,

Plin. 5, 27, 26, § 96:

cotes,

id. 36, 22, 47, §§

164 and 165: crocum,

id. 21, 6, 17, § 31.—

Subst.: cĭ-lĭcĭum, ii, n., = Kilikion, a covering, originally made of Cilician goats ' hair, used by soldiers and seamen, Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 12; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 38, § 95 Ascon.; Col. 12, 46; Liv. 38, 7, 10; Veg. 2, 14, 3; also adj.:

vela,

Dig. 19, 1, 17; 33, 7, 12; cf. also udones, made of Cilician goats ' hair, Mart. 14, 148.—

Cĭlĭcĭensis, e, adj., Cilician:

legio,

Caes. B. C. 3, 88:

provincia,

Cic. Fam. 13, 67, 1:

vicinus,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7.

dē-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3 ( inf. sync. decesse, Ter. Heaut. prol. 32; Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 2; Neue Formenl. 2, 536. The part. perf. decessus perh. only Rutil. Nam. 1, 313), v. n., to go away, depart, withdraw. (For syn. cf.: linquo, relinquo, desero, destituo, deficio, discedo, excedo. Often opp. to accedo, maneo; freq. and class.)—Constr. absol. with de, ex, or merely the abl.; rarely with ab.

Lit.

In gen.:

decedamus,

Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 74:

de altera parte (agri) decedere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 10:

decedit ex Gallia Romam Naevius,

Cic. Quint. 4, 16:

e pastu,

Verg. G. 1, 381; cf.:

e pastu decedere campis,

id. ib. 4, 186:

ex aequore domum,

id. ib. 2, 205;

Italiā,

Sall. J. 28, 2:

Numidiā,

id. ib. 38, 9:

Africā,

id. ib. 20, 1;

23, 1: pugnā,

Liv. 34, 47:

praesidio,

id. 4, 29 (cf.:

de praesidio,

Cic. de Sen. 20, 73):

quae naves paullulum suo cursu decesserint,

i. e. had gone out of their course, Caes. B. C. 3, 112, 3; so,

cum luminibus exstinctis decessisset viā,

had gone out of the way, Suet. Caes. 31:

pantherae constituisse dicuntur in Cariam ex nostra provincia decedere,

Cic. Fam. 2, 11, 2.

Esp.

t. t.

In milit. lang., to retire, withdraw from a former position:

qui nisi decedat atque exercitum deducat ex his regionibus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 19;

so,

absol., id. ib. 1, 44 fin.; Hirt. B. G. 8, 50:

de colle,

Caes. B. C. 1, 71, 3:

de vallo,

id. B. G. 5, 43, 4:

inde,

id. B. C. 1, 71 fin.:

loco superiore,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 9; so with abl., Auct. B. Alex. 34; 35 (twice); 70 al.—

In official lang.: de provincia, ex provincia, provinciā, or absol. (cf. Cic. Planc. 26, 65), to retire from the province on the expiration of a term of office:

de provincia decessit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20;

so,

id. Att. 7, 3, 5; id. Fam. 2, 15 (twice); Liv. 29, 19 Drak.:

decedens ex Syria,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61; so,

e Cilicia,

id. Brut. 1:

ex Africa,

Nep. Cato, 1, 4:

ex Asia,

id. Att. 4, 1:

ex ea provincia,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1 Zumpt N. cr.:

ut decedens Considius provinciā,

Cic. Lig. 1, 2; Liv. 39, 3; 41, 10:

te antea, quam tibi successum esset, decessurum fuisse,

Cic. Fam. 3, 6; so absol., id. Planc. 26, 65 al.:

Albinus Romam decessit,

Sall. J. 36 fin.; cf.:

Romam ad triumphum,

Liv. 8, 13; 9, 16. —Rarely with a:

cui cum respondissem, me a provincia decedere: etiam mehercule, inquit, ut opinor, ex Africa,

Cic. Planc. 26 fin.

Decedere de viā; also viā, in viā alicui, alicui, or absol., to get out of the way, to give place, make way for one (as a mark of respect or of abhorrence):

concedite atque abscedite omnes: de via decedite,

Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 1; cf.:

decedam ego illi de via, de semita,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 80 (Cic. Clu. 59. [p. 517] 163; cf. II. B infra); cf.:

qui fecit servo currenti in viā decesse populum,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 32:

censorem L. Plancum via sibi decedere aedilis coegit,

Suet. Ner. 4; cf. id. Tib. 31:

sanctis divis, Catul. 62, 268: nocti,

Verg. Ec. 8, 88:

peritis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 216 (cf.:

cedere nocti,

Liv. 3, 60, 7).—Also, to get out of the way of, avoid:

decedere canibus de via,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67; cf.:

hi numero impiorum habentur, his omnes decedunt, aditum defugiunt, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 7.—By zeugma, in the pass.:

salutari, appeti, decedi, assurgi, deduci, reduci, etc.,

Cic. de Sen. 18, 63.

Pregn., to depart, disappear (cf.: cedo, concedo).

Of living beings, to decease, to die:

si eos, qui jam de vita decesserunt,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 11:

vitā,

Dig. 7, 1, 57, § 1; Vulg. 2 Mac. 6, 31; but commonly absol.:

pater nobis decessit a. d. VIII. Kal. Dec.,

id. Att. 1, 6:

cum paterfamiliae decessit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 19, 3; Nep. Arist. 3, 2, and 3; id. Cim. 1; id. Ages. 8, 6; Liv. 1, 34; 9, 17; Quint. 3, 6, 96 et saep.:

cruditate contracta,

id. 7, 3, 33:

morbo aquae intercutis,

Suet. Ner. 5 fin.:

paralysi,

id. Vit. 3:

ex ingratorum hominum conspectu morte decedere,

Nep. Timol. 1, 6.—

Of inanimate things, to depart, go off; to abate, subside, cease:

corpore febres,

Lucr. 2, 34:

febres,

Nep. Att. 22, 3; Cels. 3, 3; cf.:

quartana,

Cic. Att. 7, 2 (opp. accedere):

decessisse inde aquam,

run off, fallen, Liv. 30, 38 fin.; cf.:

decedere aestum,

id. 26, 45; 9, 26 al.:

de summa nihil decedet,

to be wanting, to fail, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 30; Cic. Clu. 60, 167; cf.:

quicquid libertati plebis caveretur, id suis decedere opibus credebant,

Liv. 3, 55:

decedet jam ira haec, etsi merito iratus est,

Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 55 (for which ib. 5, 2, 15: cito ab eo haec ira abscedet):

postquam invidia decesserat,

Sall. J. 88, 1; Liv. 33, 31 fin.; Tac. A. 15, 16 al.:

priusquam ea cura decederet patribus,

Liv. 9, 29; so with dat., id. 2, 31; 23, 26; Tac. A. 15, 20; 44.— Poet.:

incipit et longo Scyros decedere ponto,

i. e. seems to flee before them, Stat. Ach. 2, 308.—In the Aug. poets sometimes of the heavenly bodies, to go down, set:

et sol crescentes decedens duplicat umbras,

Verg. E. 2, 67; so id. G. 1, 222; Ov. M. 4, 91; hence also of the day, to depart:

te veniente die, te decedente canebat,

Verg. G. 4, 466;

also of the moon,

to wane, Gell. 20, 8, 7.

Trop.

De possessione, jure, sententia, fide, etc. (and since the Aug. per. with abl. alone;

the reading ex jure suo,

Liv. 3, 33, 10, is very doubtful), to depart from; to give up, resign, forego; to yield, to swerve from one's possession, station, duty, right, opinion, faith, etc.

With de:

cogere aliquem de suis bonis decedere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17 fin.; cf.:

de hypothecis,

id. Fam. 13, 56, 2;

and de possessione,

id. Agr. 2, 26;

de suo jure,

id. Rosc. Am. 27; id. Att. 16, 2:

qui de civitate decedere quam de sententia maluit,

id. Balb. 5:

de officio ac dignitate,

id. Verr. 1, 10:

de foro decedere,

to retire from public life, Nep. Att. 10, 2:

de scena,

to retire from the stage, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 2; cf. impers.:

de officio decessum,

Liv. 8, 25 fin. —

With abl. alone (so usually in Liv.):

jure suo,

Liv. 3, 33 fin.:

sententiā,

Tac. A. 14, 49:

instituto vestro,

Liv. 37, 54:

officio (opp. in fide atque officio pristino fore),

id. 27, 10; 36, 22:

fide,

id. 31, 5 fin.; 34, 11; 45, 19 al.:

poema... si paulum summo decessit, vergit ad imum,

Hor. A. P. 378.—

Very rarely with ab:

cum (senatus) nihil a superioribus continuorum annorum decretis decesserit,

Cic. Fl. 12.—

Absol.: si quos equites decedentis nactus sum, supplicio adfeci, Asin. Pol. ap. C. Fam. 10, 32, 5.

De via, to depart, deviate from the right way:

se nulla cupiditate inductum de via decessisse,

Cic. Cael. 16, 38:

moleste ferre se de via decessisse,

id. Clu. 59, 163; so,

viā dicendi,

Quint. 4, 5, 3.

(acc. to no. I. B. 2) To give way, yield to another (i. e. to his will or superior advantages—very rare):

vivere si recte nescis, decede peritis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 213:

ubi non Hymetto Mella decedunt,

are not inferior, id. Od. 2, 6, 15.

( poet.) To avoid, shun, escape from (cf. I. B. 2 supra): nec serae meminit decedere nocti, to avoid the late night, i. e. the coldness of night, Varius ap. Macr. S. 6, 2, 20; Verg. Ecl. 8, 88; id. G. 3, 467:

calori,

id. ib. 4, 23.

To fall short of, degenerate from:

de generis nobilitate,

Pall. 3, 25, 2: a rebus gestis ejus et gloriae splendore, Justin. 6, 3, 8.

For the simple verb (v. cedo, no. I. 2), to go off, turn out, result in any manner:

prospere decedentibus rebus,

Suet. Caes. 24.

   Deposits of the mineral wolfram or tungsten ore are found in central and northern Portugal. Essential for the war industry, for hardening steel in aircraft, tanks, small arms, artillery, and ammunition, wolfram played an unexpectedly important part in Portugal's economy and society during World War II when the belligerents sought large supplies of it. Nazi Germany had its principal supplies of wolfram in Asia, until its invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 cut off these supply routes. Thereafter, Germany sought to acquire wolfram in Spain and Portugal, which between them possessed the largest wolfram deposits in Europe.

   Wolfram had been mined in Portugal since 1900, in the mountainous Beira Alta province. As of 3 September 1939, when Portugal declared its neutrality, most of the wolfram mines were owned by British and American firms, but the post-1941 wartime demand for it had an impact on Portugal's economy, finance, and neutrality. Although the Allies could obtain most of their tungsten ore in North America, Germany came to depend on exports from wolfram mines in Portugal and Spain. To obtain more wolfram supplies, Germany arranged to purchase wolfram mines, as well as to purchase and import wolfram from mines owned by Portuguese investors. To thwart the German wolfram program, the British and Americans launched an extensive wolfram preemption program that cost more than $US1 billion during the period from 1942 to 1944.

   The booming wolfram industry had a significant, if brief, impact on the poor, rural regions where the mines were located, and there was increased income and employment. Wolfram revenues for Portugal also affected its position as a debtor to ally Britain and, by the end of the war, Britain owed Portugal more than 90 million pounds for war-related products and services. After the war, this windfall enabled Portugal to upgrade its merchant marine fleet. Complex diplomatic negotiations between Portugal and both sets of belligerents ensued, and "the wolfram question" represented a foreign policy nightmare for Prime Minister Antônio de Oliveira Salazar. On 6 June 1944, Salazar came to a controversial decision about wolfram. In what was hoped to be perceived as an even-handed new policy, to satisfy both the Allies and the Axis, Portugal decreed a halt to the wolfram industry for the remainder of the war. Thus, within a few weeks, the wolfram mines were closed, and all mining, sales, and export of the mineral ceased. It was not until the 1950s that wolfram mines reopened. However, the industry gradually declined and, at present, wolfram mining and production is relatively small.

    See also Foreign policy.

στρᾰτηγ-έω, [dialect] Dor. [full] στρᾰτᾱγέω SIG 421.16 (Thermum, iii B.C.), etc.; [dialect] Aeol. [full] στροτᾱγέω IGRom.4.1243 ([place name] Thyatira), but [pref] στρατ- in the duplicate, IG12(2).243.3 (Mytil.):—

A to be general, Hdt.5.28, E.Heracl. 391; esp. at Athens (v.

στρατηγός 11

), Ar.Eq. 288, Nu. 586, Th.1.57, etc.;

προγόνων εἶναι τῶν ἐστρατηγηκότων Aeschin.1.27

, cf. D.34.50; καὶ πολιτεύεσθαι καὶ ς. Isoc.5.140; σ. ἀπὸ μεγάλων (sc. τιμημάτων ) they are eligible as general beginning from a high property-qualification, Arist.Pol. 1282a31: in Egypt, hold the office of στρατηγός, BGU1297.4 (iii B.C.), PEnteux.8.10 (iii B.C.), etc.: at Rome, to be consul, Plb.2.21.7, 3.114.6; more freq., to be praetor, Plu.Ant.6;

στρατηγῶν καὶ ὑπατεύων Id.Cat.Ma.4

, cf. Arr.Epict.4.1.149.

b c. gen., to be general of an army, τῶν Λυδῶν, Ἐρετριέων, etc., Hdt.1.34, 5.102, etc.; freq. in [dialect] Att., Th.1.29, D.20.82, etc.; also

σ. τῆς Σάμου Plu.Per.26

;

πολέμου D.H.3.22

(v.l. -ον) ; ποῦ σὺ στρατηγεῖς τοῦδε; S.Aj. 1100.

c c. dat.,

ἐστρατήγησε Λακεδαιμονίοισι ἐς Θεσσαλίην Hdt.6.72

, cf. A.Eu.25, E.Tr. 926, Andr. 324, Lys.13.62; but σ. Ξέρξῃ to be general of his army, Paus. 9.1.3.

d folld. by a Prep.,

σ. ἐπὶ Δηλίῳ And.4.13

;

ἐν Τροίᾳ S.El.1

;

ἐς Θεσσαλίην Hdt.

(v. supr. c); σ. ὑπὲρ τῆς Ἀσίας serve as general on the side of Asia, Isoc.4.154.

e c. inf., manoeuvre so as..,

μάχην θέσθαι Plu.Pyrrh.21

, cf. Crass.25, etc.

f c. acc. cogn., σ. στρατηγίας And 1.147, Dinsmoor Archons of Athens 7; ναυμαχίαν, πόλεμον, D.13.21, 49.25: with neut. Adj., do a thing as general,

τοῦτο X.An.7.6.40

; πάντα ὑπὲρ Φιλίππου carry on the whole war in Philip's favour, D.3.6; τοιαῦτα ς. manage matters so in his command, Hdt.9.107; εἰ μὲν ἄλλο τι καλῶς ἐστρ. X.HG6.5.51 —[voice] Pass.,

τὰ στρατηγούμενα D.4.25

,47.

g [voice] Pass., to be commanded by a general,

ἡ πόλις.. ὑπὸ ὑμῶν.. στρατηγεῖται Pl. Ion 541c

;

στρατιὰ ὑπό τινων στρατηγουμένη Isoc.4.185

;

δυοῖν.. στρατηγεῖται φυγή E.Heracl.39

; στρατηγηθῆναι serve under a στρατηγός, Arist. Pol. 1277b11; to be governed as a province, App.Mith. 105.

2 metaph., ἡ τύχη ἐστρ. X.An.2.2.13, cf. 3.2.27;

ἐστρ. ἡ σιωπὴ τὸν ἀγῶνα Plu.2.506e

.

II c. acc. pers., out-general, D.4.41 ([voice] Pass.), Plb.3.71.1, 9.25.6, LXX 2 Ma.14.31 ([voice] Pass.), cf. D.H.5.29 codd.: metaph. of Homer,

δημαγωγῶν καὶ στρατηγῶν τὰ πλήθη Str.1.2.9

; in [voice] Med., of Pythagoras, Socr.Ep.28 ( τερατευσαμένῳ Hercher).

2 c. acc. rei, τῷ σχήματι τοῦ προσώπου στρατηγεῖν τὴν τοῦ πλήθους εὐθυμίαν (of a general) Onos.13.3.

Βιθυνία, ας, ἡ (X. et al.; ins; Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 281; Joseph.) Bithynia, province in northern Asia Minor Ac 16:7; 1 Pt 1:1; JWeiss, RE X 553f (lit.).—RAC II 416–22; Kl. Pauly I 908–11.

Κιλικία, ας, ἡ (Hdt. et al.; ins, LXX; Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 281; Joseph.) Cilicia, a province in the southeast corner of Asia Minor, whose capital is Tarsus; home of Paul Ac 6:9; 15:23, 41; 21:39; 22:3; 23:34; 27:5; Gal 1:21 (on the connection with Συρία s. that entry); IPhld 11:1.—Ramsay, Hist. Geogr. 361ff; RHeberdey-AWilhelm, Reisen in Kilikien 1896; FSchaffer, Cilicia 1903; VSchultze, Altchristl. Städte u. Landschaften II 2, 1926; AJones, Cities of the East. Rom. Provinces, ’37, 197ff; Pauly-W. XI 385ff; Kl. Pauly III 208f.—M-M.

Κύπρος, ου, ἡ (Hom. et al.; ins; 1 Macc 15:23; 2 Macc 10:13; Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 282; Joseph., SibOr; Tat. 9:3) Cyprus, an island in the bay formed by the south coast of Asia Minor and the Syrian coast. From 22 B.C. it was a senatorial province governed by a proconsul (ἀνθύπατος, q.v.) Visited by Paul on his so-called first missionary journey Ac 13:4. But Christianity had already been brought there by fugitives fr. Jerusalem 11:19. Cp. also 15:39; 21:3; 27:4.—WEngel, Kypros 1841; AMurray-ASmith-HWalters, Excavations in Cyprus 1900; EOberhummer, D. Insel Cypren 1903; Pauly-W. XII 1924, 59–117; Baedeker 363ff; Ramsay, Bearing 150ff; EPower, Dict. de la Bible, Suppl. II ’34, 1–23; Kl.-Pauly III 404ff; RGunnis, Historic Cyprus ’36–’56; GHill, A History of Cyprus, 4 vols. ’48–’52; TMitford, in ANRW II/7/2 ’80, 1298–1308.—OEANE II 89–96. ABD I 1228–30.

Λυκαονία, ας, ἡ (X. et al.; ins) Lycaonia, a province in the interior of Asia Minor, bounded by Cappadocia, Galatia (s. Γαλατία), Phrygia, Pisidia and Cilicia. Its main cities were those visited by Paul: Lystra, Iconium, and Derbe. Ac 14:6.—Ramsay, Histor. Comm. on Gal 1899, 19ff.; Pauly-W. XIII 2253ff; Kl. Pauly III 807f; BHHW II 1115f; Haenchen ad loc.

Μυσία, ας, ἡ (Eur., Hdt. et al.; ins; Jos., Bell. 1, 425) Mysia a province in the northwest of Asia Minor. Paul touched here on his so-called second miss. journey Ac 16:7f.

Παμφυλία, ας, ἡ (Strabo 14, 3, 1; Appian, Mithrid. 56 §226; Cass. Dio 69, 14; Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 281; Joseph. [Niese index]; ins; 1 Macc 15:23.—On the use of the art. s. B-D-F §261, 6) Pamphylia, a province in the southern part of Asia Minor, along the Mediterranean seacoast. On the Jewish population s. Schürer III 4, 5, 33. Visited by Paul several times. Ac 2:10; 13:13; 14:24; 15:38; 16:6 v.l. (for Φρυγίαν); 27:5 (cp. Jos., Ant. 2, 348 Παμφύλιον πέλαγος).—KGrafLanckoroński, Städte Pamphyliens u. Pisidiens 1890/92; IAsMinLyk I. Pauly-W. 354–407; Kl. Pauly IV 441–44; BHHW III 1381. DELG s.v. φῦλον.

Πόντος, ου, ὁ (Aeschyl., Hdt. et al.; ins; Philo, Deus Imm. 174; Joseph.; Just., A I, 58, 1) Pontus, orig. the name of a sea (the Euxine, or Black Sea), then the designation of an empire founded by the Achaemenid Persians in northeast Asia Minor, extending fr. the Black Sea to the Caucasus. After Pompey’s conquest a part of it was made a Roman province. Acc. to Appian, Mithrid. 15 §53 many Ἕλληνες had settled there. Ac 2:9; 1 Pt 1:1 (on the address Ps.-Callisth. 2, 11, 2, an encyclical letter of Alexander [s. Καππαδοκία]). JMarquardt, Römische Staatsverwaltung I², 1881, 349ff; VSchultze, Altchristl. Städte u. Landschaften II/1, 1922; Pauly-W. III 507–42; Kl. Pauly IV 1050f; BHHW III 1480.

ἀνθύπατος, ου, ὁ (ἀντί, ὕπατος; orig. ‘highest’ then ‘consul’; Polyb. et al.; freq. in lit.; Jos., Ant. 14, 236; 244 al.; Mel.; ins [s. e.g. PHermann, Inschriften von Sardeis: Chiron 23, ’93, 233–48: of an honorand, 211 A.D., pp. 238f ]; pap [incl. Ox 850 verso 15: AcJ]) head of the govt. in a senatorial province, proconsul (s. Hahn 39f; 115; 259, w. lit.). Those mentioned are the proconsul of Cyprus, Sergius Paulus Ac 13:7, cp. vss. 8 and 12; of Achaia, Gallio 18:12; cp. 19:38; of Asia MPol 3:1; 4; 9:2, 3; 10:2; 11:1; 12:1.—DELG s.v. ὕπατος. M-M.

ἐπιβαίνω fut. ἐπιβήσομαι LXX; 2 aor. ἐπέβην; pf. ἐπιβέβηκα (s. βαίνω; Hom.+; also Tat. 39, 1 [w. gen.]).

① to move up onto someth., go up/upon, mount, board ἐπί τι (Hdt. 8, 120; Thu. 1, 111, 2; 7, 69, 4; X., Hell. 3, 4, 1; SIG 709, 36 [107 B.C.]; in all these passages the boarding of ships is involved. Gen 24:61 ἐπὶ τὰς καμήλους. 1 Km 25:20, 42 ἐπὶ τὴν ὄνον. Jos., Ant. 11, 258 ἐπὶ τ. ἵππον) ἐπὶ ὄνον Mt 21:5 (Zech 9:9; cp. Just., A I, 32, 6). ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον GJs 5:1. πλοίῳ (cp. Thu. 7, 70, 5 ταῖς ναυσίν) Ac 27:2; cp. Ac 21:6 v.l. Abs. go on board, embark (Thu. 7, 62, 2) 21:1 D, 2.—So perh. also ἐ. εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα embark for Jerusalem (i.e. to the seaport of Caesarea) vs. 4. But this pass. may also belong to

② to move to an area and be there, set foot in (Hom. et al.) εἰς τ. Ἀσίαν set foot in Asia Ac 20:18 (cp. Diod S 14, 84, 1 εἰς τ. Βοιωτίαν; POxy 1155, 3f [104 A.D.] ἰς Ἀλεξάνδρηαν; PFlor 275, 22; ViJer 7 ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ; Just., D. 16, 2 εἰς τὴν Ἰερουσαλήμ). W. dat. (Diod S 16, 66, 6) τῇ ἐπαρχείᾳ (v.l. ἐπαρχείῳ) the province 25:1 (s. ἐπάρχειος; cp. SIG 797, 16 [37 A.D.] ἐπιβὰς τῇ ἐπαρχείᾳ).—M-M.