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1 MOUNTAIN
oron (\#oront-, as in the pl. oronti) (oron also used = "mount", e.g. Oron Oiolossë "Mount Everwhite"), MOUNTAIN-PEAK aicassë; MOUNTAIN-TOP orotinga, orto; MOUNTAIN PASS falqua (cleft, ravine), MOUNTAIN-DWELLING (adj) orofarnë (pl? Sg *orofarna?) –ÓROT/WJ:403, AYAK, VT47:28, LT2:341, LotR:505 cf. Letters:224 -
2 CLEFT
yáwë (ravine, gulf/gully); sanca (Þ) (split), hyatsë (gash), ciris (probably ciriss-) (crack), falqua (mountain pass, ravine), cilya (gorge, pass between hills) (so in Etym, but cirya in the name Calacirya "Pass of Light" [gen. Calaciryo in Namárië] – though this clashes with cirya "ship". An early version of Namárië actually had Calacilyo, not Calaciryo; see An Introduction to Elvish p. 5.) –YAG/VT46:22, STAK, SYAD, RGEO:70/WJ:403, LT2:337, 341, KIL -
3 DWELLING
(noun) mar (mard-) (home), also már; DWELLING (adj) \#farnë (a pl form? Sg farna? Only attested in the compound orofarnë "mountain-dwelling". Note: farnë is also the pa.t. of farya- "suffice", as well as a noun "foliage"); DWELLING-PLACE nórë (land, region where certain people live, nation, native land, family); DWELLING UNDERGROUND hróta (artificial cave, rockhewn hall). The word ambar, usually translated "world", is also associated with "home, dwelling" in one source. –VT45:33, 46:13, cf. LT1:251, LotR:505 cf. Letters:224, VT47:6, NDOR, PM:365, VT46:13 -
4 FENCED FIELD
peler, FENCING OR DEFENSIVE HEIGHTS Pelóri (the mountain-range at the western coast of the Blessed Realm). –PEL(ES), WJ:403 -
5 HIGH
tára (lofty, tall), oro- (in compounds: oromardi "high-halls"). The element \#Ar- in Arfanyarassë (a name of Taniquetil) is said to mean "high (i.e., noble, revered)". VERY HIGH antara (with Antaro as a corresponding proper name, denoting a mountain in Valinor, VT46:17) (lofty). HIGH HEAVEN tarmenel (locative tarmeneldë also attested), HIGH PLACE \#tarmen (pl. locative tarmenissen attested), HIGH TIDE luimë (flood). –WJ:417, Nam/RGEO:66, WJ:416, VT45:5/VT46:17, VT44:34, VT48:23, 24 -
6 PASS
(vb.) auta- (leave, go away); pa.t. oantë, oantië (in the physical sense "went away [to another place]", vánë ("the most frequently used past [tense]" – less "physical" than oantë, meaning *"disappeared" rather than "passed away"), also anwë (this pa.t. was "only found in archaic language"), perf. avánië (pl. avánier is attested); perf. vánië with no augment may occur in verse. –WJ:366; for the gloss "pass" see Silm:229 – mountain pass: falqua (cleft, ravine); pass between hills: cilya (cleft, gorge) (so in Etym, but \#cirya in the name Calacirya "Pass of Light" [gen. Calaciryo in Namárië] – though this clashes with cirya "ship". An early version of Namárië actually had Calacilyo not Calaciryo; see An Introduction to Elvish p. 5) –LT2:341, KIL -
7 PEAK
aicalë; MOUNTAIN PEAK aicassë, also \#rassë or \#ras (isolated from Arfanyarassë, Arfanyaras "high white-shining peak"). –AYAK, WJ:416 -
8 PINETREE
– GL:17 has aicassë, but in Etym this word is said to mean "mountain-peak". -
9 RAVINE
axa (narrow path), yáwë (cleft, gulf/gully), falqua (cleft, mountain pass) –AK, YAG/VT46:22, LT2:341 -
10 SUMMIT
(of a mountain) ingor (PM:340). LT1:256 gives ormë "crest, summit", but in Tolkien's later Quenya, ormë means "wrath, haste, violence, rushing". -
11 TOP
inga (referring "primarily to position and could be used of tops relatively broad". Note: a homophone means "first"). MOUNTAIN-TOP orotinga; TREE-TOP aldinga –VT47:28
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