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1 old
[əuld]adjstary; ( former) stary, dawny* * *[əuld]1) (advanced in age: an old man; He is too old to live alone.) stary2) (having a certain age: He is thirty years old.) w wieku3) (having existed for a long time: an old building; Those trees are very old.) stary4) (no longer useful: She threw away the old shoes.) stary5) (belonging to times long ago: old civilizations like that of Greece.) starożytny•- old age- old boy/girl
- old-fashioned
- old hand
- old maid
- the old -
2 hold
[həuld] 1. pt, pp held, vt( in hand) trzymać; ( contain) mieścić (pomieścić perf); qualifications posiadać; power, permit, opinion mieć; meeting, conversation odbywać (odbyć perf); prisoner, hostage przetrzymywać (przetrzymać perf)to hold sb responsible/liable — obarczać (obarczyć perf) kogoś odpowiedzialnością
to get hold of ( fig) — object, information zdobywać (zdobyć perf) +acc; person łapać (złapać perf) +acc (inf)
to get hold of o.s. — brać (wziąć perf) się w garść
to hold firm/fast — trzymać się mocno
he holds the view that … — jest zdania, że …
I don't hold with … — nie popieram +gen
hold still, hold steady — nie ruszaj się
Phrasal Verbs:- hold off- hold on- hold out- hold up2. viglue etc trzymać (mocno); argument etc zachowywać (zachować perf) ważność, pozostawać w mocy; offer, invitation być aktualnym; luck, weather utrzymywać się (utrzymać się perf); ( TEL) czekać (zaczekać perf)3. n( grasp) chwyt m; (of ship, plane) ładownia f* * *I 1. [həuld] past tense, past participle - held; verb1) (to have in one's hand(s) or between one's hands: He was holding a knife; Hold that dish with both hands; He held the little boy's hand; He held the mouse by its tail.) trzymać2) (to have in a part, or between parts, of the body, or between parts of a tool etc: He held the pencil in his teeth; She was holding a pile of books in her arms; Hold the stamp with tweezers.) trzymać3) (to support or keep from moving, running away, falling etc: What holds that shelf up?; He held the door closed by leaning against it; Hold your hands above your head; Hold his arms so that he can't struggle.) trzymać, przytrzymywać4) (to remain in position, fixed etc when under strain: I've tied the two pieces of string together, but I'm not sure the knot will hold; Will the anchor hold in a storm?) wytrzymywać5) (to keep (a person) in some place or in one's power: The police are holding a man for questioning in connection with the murder; He was held captive.) zatrzymać6) (to (be able to) contain: This jug holds two pints; You can't hold water in a handkerchief; This drawer holds all my shirts.) (po)mieścić7) (to cause to take place: The meeting will be held next week; We'll hold the meeting in the hall.) odbywać8) (to keep (oneself), or to be, in a particular state or condition: We'll hold ourselves in readiness in case you send for us; She holds herself very erect.) trzymać się9) (to have or be in (a job etc): He held the position of company secretary for five years.) zajmować stanowisko10) (to think strongly; to believe; to consider or regard: I hold that this was the right decision; He holds me (to be) responsible for everyone's mistakes; He is held in great respect; He holds certain very odd beliefs.) uważać że, utrzymywać, mieć11) (to continue to be valid or apply: Our offer will hold until next week; These rules hold under all circumstances.) być aktualnym, obowiązywać12) ((with to) to force (a person) to do something he has promised to do: I intend to hold him to his promises.) zmusić do dotrzymania (obietnicy)13) (to defend: They held the castle against the enemy.) bronić14) (not to be beaten by: The general realized that the soldiers could not hold the enemy for long.) powstrzymać15) (to keep (a person's attention): If you can't hold your pupils' attention, you can't be a good teacher.) utrzymywać16) (to keep someone in a certain state: Don't hold us in suspense, what was the final decision?) przetrzymać17) (to celebrate: The festival is held on 24 June.) obchodzić18) (to be the owner of: He holds shares in this company.) posiadać19) ((of good weather) to continue: I hope the weather holds until after the school sports.) utrzymywać się20) ((also hold the line) (of a person who is making a telephone call) to wait: Mr Brown is busy at the moment - will you hold or would you like him to call you back?) czekać (przy telefonie)21) (to continue to sing: Please hold that note for four whole beats.) trzymać22) (to keep (something): They'll hold your luggage at the station until you collect it.) przechowywać23) ((of the future) to be going to produce: I wonder what the future holds for me?) gotować2. noun1) (the act of holding: He caught/got/laid/took hold of the rope and pulled; Keep hold of that rope.) chwyt2) (power; influence: He has a strange hold over that girl.) wpływ3) ((in wrestling etc) a manner of holding one's opponent: The wrestler invented a new hold.) chwyt•- - holder- hold-all
- get hold of
- hold back
- hold down
- hold forth
- hold good
- hold it
- hold off
- hold on
- hold out
- hold one's own
- hold one's tongue
- hold up
- hold-up
- hold with II [həuld] noun((in ships) the place, below the deck, where cargo is stored.) ładownia -
3 marriage
['mærɪdʒ]n(relationship, institution) małżeństwo nt; ( wedding) ślub m* * *['mæri‹]1) (the ceremony by which a man and woman become husband and wife: Their marriage took place last week; ( also adjective) the marriage ceremony.) małżeństwo, ślub2) (the state of being married; married life: Their marriage lasted for thirty happy years.) małżeństwo3) (a close joining together: the marriage of his skill and her judgement.) mariaż•- marriage licence -
4 span
[spæn] 1. n(of wings, arch) rozpiętość f; ( in time) okres m2. vt* * *[spæn] 1. noun1) (the length between the supports of a bridge or arch: The first span of the bridge is one hundred metres long.) rozpiętość2) (the full time for which anything lasts: Seventy or eighty years is the normal span of a man's life.) długość2. verb(to stretch across: A bridge spans the river.) łączyć brzegi, spinać -
5 standing
['stændɪŋ] 1. adj 2. npozycja f (społeczna)of many years' standing — długoletni, wieloletni
he received/was given a standing ovation — sprawiono mu owację na stojąco
* * *adjective (permanent: The general's standing orders must be obeyed.) stale obowiązujący -
6 youth
[juːθ]n( young days) młodość f; ( young man) młodzieniec m* * *[ju:Ɵ]plural - youths; noun1) ((the state of being in) the early part of life: Enjoy your youth!; He spent his youth in America.) młodość2) (a boy of fifteen to twenty years old approximately: He and two other youths were kicking a football about.) młodzieniec3) (young people in general: Some people say that today's youth has/have no sense of responsibility.) młodzież•- youthful- youthfully
- youthfulness
- youth hostel
- youth mentor
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