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21 KD
A debugging application that refines and debugs an operating system image. The kernel debugger works like an application debugger except that it is capable of debugging operating systems in addition to applications.KD -
22 physical address extension
"A feature that allows x86-based computers to support more than 4 gigabytes (GB) of physical memory. Up to 64 GB of physical memory can be used as regular 4-kilobyte (KB) pages, and the number of bits that can be used by the kernel to address physical memory can be expanded from 32 to 36."English-Arabic terms dictionary > physical address extension
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23 PAE
"A feature that allows x86-based computers to support more than 4 gigabytes (GB) of physical memory. Up to 64 GB of physical memory can be used as regular 4-kilobyte (KB) pages, and the number of bits that can be used by the kernel to address physical memory can be expanded from 32 to 36." -
24 Resource Monitor
"A component of Windows Reliability and Performance Monitor that displays real-time CPU, memory, disk, and network performance information collected from the Windows Kernel Trace provider and performance counters." -
25 thread
"A type of object within a process that runs program instructions. Using multiple threads allows concurrent operations within a process and enables one process to run different parts of its program on different processors simultaneously. A thread has its own set of registers, its own kernel stack, a thread environment block, and a user stack in the address space of its process." -
26 virtual address
"In a virtual memory system, the address the application uses to reference memory. The kernel and the memory management unit (MMU) translate this address into a physical address before the memory is actually read or written." -
27 WDM
"A driver model based on the Windows NT driver model that is designed to provide a common architecture of I/O services for Windows operating systems for specific classes of drivers. These driver classes include USB and IEEE 1394 buses, audio, still-image capture, video capture, and HID-compliant devices such as USB mice, keyboards, and joysticks. Provides a model for writing kernel-mode drivers and minidrivers, and provides extensions for Plug and Play and power management." -
28 Windows Driver Model
"A driver model based on the Windows NT driver model that is designed to provide a common architecture of I/O services for Windows operating systems for specific classes of drivers. These driver classes include USB and IEEE 1394 buses, audio, still-image capture, video capture, and HID-compliant devices such as USB mice, keyboards, and joysticks. Provides a model for writing kernel-mode drivers and minidrivers, and provides extensions for Plug and Play and power management." -
29 application exclusive time
"The time spent in function to kernel mode and Performance Tools probes, excluding time spent in items it calls and excluding time spent in transitions."English-Arabic terms dictionary > application exclusive time
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30 application inclusive time
"The time spent in function and items it calls, excluding time spent in transitions to kernel mode and Performance Tools probes."English-Arabic terms dictionary > application inclusive time
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31 WinSock direct
"A common programming interface to the lower-level system area network (SAN) implementations, developed by Microsoft. WSD sits underneath the standard WinSock application programming interface (API), but bypasses the kernel networking layers to talk directly to the SAN hardware. Because WSD sits underneath the existing WinSock API, IT departments can deploy applications in a SAN environment without modifying the applications." -
32 WSD
"A common programming interface to the lower-level system area network (SAN) implementations, developed by Microsoft. WSD sits underneath the standard WinSock application programming interface (API), but bypasses the kernel networking layers to talk directly to the SAN hardware. Because WSD sits underneath the existing WinSock API, IT departments can deploy applications in a SAN environment without modifying the applications." -
33 WPP
A mechanism for user-mode applications and kernel-mode drivers to log real-time binary messages. The logged messages can subsequently be converted to a human-readable trace of the driver's operation. -
34 Windows preprocessor
A mechanism for user-mode applications and kernel-mode drivers to log real-time binary messages. The logged messages can subsequently be converted to a human-readable trace of the driver's operation. -
35 Blue Screen of Death
"An exception that occurs while the operating system is executing internal code (in drivers, the kernel, etc)." -
36 BSOD
"An exception that occurs while the operating system is executing internal code (in drivers, the kernel, etc)." -
37 Network Store Interface
A service that is responsible for delivering kernel mode networking related notifications to user mode applications. -
38 NSI
A service that is responsible for delivering kernel mode networking related notifications to user mode applications. -
39 transition event
"A change in the location of processor event execution between ring 3 (user mode) and ring 0 (kernel mode). Transition events represent time spent outside the direct execution of the application code. Transition events can be time spent in threads that are not part of the profiled item, or time spent executing calls from the profiled item to the operating system." -
40 system API call
A transition from user to kernel mode.
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