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1 Ypres
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2 ypres
Евросоюз: Ипр (город, расположенный на северо-западе Бельгии) -
3 Ypres
◙ n. ייפרס, עיר בדרום-מערב בלגיה, מקום בו התנהלו שלושה קרבות עיקריים במלחמת העולם הראשונה* * *◙ הנושארה םלועה תמחלמב םיירקיע תוברק השולש ולהנתה וב םוקמ,היגלב ברעמ-םורדב ריע,סרפיי◄ -
4 Ypres
n. stad in zuidwesten van België, plaats van drie grote gevechten uit de Eerste Wereld Oorlog -
5 Ypres
(Ieper)Ипр Город в Бельгии. 35 тыс. жителей (1986). Текстильная, пищевая промышленность; производство кружев. Упоминается с 12 в. В 12-14 вв. центр цехового сукноделия соперничал с Брюгге и Гентом. Готические суконные ряды (13 – нач. 14 вв.). Во время 1-й мировой войны в боях у Ипра германские войска впервые применили химическое оружие: 22.4.1915 – хлор, 12.7.1917 – горчичный газ (иприт). -
6 Ypres
Iபெல்ஜிய நாட்டின் மேற்கிலுள்ள ஒரு நகரம், முதலாம் உலகப் போரின் முக்கிய போர்த்தளம்IIபெல்ஜிய நாட்டின் மேற்கிலுள்ள ஒரு நகரம்முதலாம் உலகப் போரின் முக்கிய போர்த்தளம் -
7 Jansenists (A sect of Christians, followers of Cornelius Jansen, bishop of Ypres)
Религия: янсенианеУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Jansenists (A sect of Christians, followers of Cornelius Jansen, bishop of Ypres)
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8 Second Battle of Ypres
Общая лексика: Вторая ((22 апреля 1915 — 25 мая 1915) — сражение в районе Ипра между союзными и германскими войсками во время Первой мировой войны, в котором впервые германцами активно применялось химическое оружие.)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Second Battle of Ypres
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9 Ieper
(Ypres)Ипр Город в Бельгии. 35 тыс. жителей (1986). Текстильная, пищевая промышленность; производство кружев. Упоминается с 12 в. В 12-14 вв. центр цехового сукноделия соперничал с Брюгге и Гентом. Готические суконные ряды (13 – нач. 14 вв.). Во время 1-й мировой войны в боях у Ипра германские войска впервые применили химическое оружие: 22.4.1915 – хлор, 12.7.1917 – горчичный газ (иприт). -
10 Diaper
A fine quality of linen fabric formerly manufactured in the city of Ypres. It was highly esteemed in England in the 13th century. The peculiarity of the cloth of Ypres was, like that of Damascus, in the pattern; as the term " to diaper " is still in heraldry employed to signify the covering of the field of an escutcheon with scroll or lattice-work, flowers or other devices independently of the armorial bearings. " Diapering is a term in drawing. It chiefly served to counterfeit, cloth of gold, silver, damask, velvet, camblets, etc." Cloths so woven in ornamental patterns were therefore called diapers. -
11 Jansenists
Религия: (A sect of Christians, followers of Cornelius Jansen, bishop of Ypres) янсениане -
12 Salient
['seiliənt](main; chief; most noticeable: What were the salient points of his speech?) význačný, hlavný* * *• predmostie pri Ypres -
13 Blue Flax
Trade term for flax from Bruges, Thisselt, Malines, Ypres, Lokeren, Ghent and other places in Belgium. It is steeped in still water and has a dark colour. Also known as Belgium or Flemish flax. -
14 Brabantes
Coarse flax fabrics made in Courtrai, Ypres and other districts from tow yams. -
15 Linen
Cloth made of flax. The fabrication of linen in England was not carried on to any great extent before the middle of the 16th century. It was made here in the time of the Anglo-Saxons. Linen was worn as garments for wear next to the skin. In the 14th and 15th centuries much linen was imported from abroad, cloth of Lake, cloth of Rennes, cloth of Ypres and of Gaunt, being specially mentioned. The linen most commonly noticed during the Middle Ages for wear was known as " Holland," the cloth woven in that country, and the name has descended to the present day. In the reign of Charles II an act was passed for the encouragement of the manufacturing of all kinds of linen cloth and tapestry made from hemp or flax. Linen fabrics are manufactured in numerous qualities, bleached, dyed or in natural colour. The varieties of the plain weave fabrics are: - Cambrics, handkerchiefs, lawns, pillow cloth sheetings, hollands, canvas, duck dress linens, brown linens, aeroplane linens, interlinings, sailcloth, scrims, crash, roughs and dowlas. These fabrics differ considerably in setting and yarns. Fancy weave cloths comprise diapers, damasks, honeycombs, huckabacks, drills, towels, etc. All the above fabrics are imitated in cotton and many are cheapened by using cotton warp and flax weft. ———————— One of the oldest known fabrics is that made from flax yarn and called linen. The Egyptians thought linen was an emblem of purity, and used it as a wrapping for their dead. By the term linen is generally meant a medium weight cloth with plain weave, and one that takes the same standing in the linen trade as calico does in the cotton trade. -
16 Kennedy, Sir Alexander Blackie William
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 17 March 1847 Stepney, London, England d. 1928[br]English marine engineer and educator.[br]Sir Alexander Kennedy was trained as a marine engineer. The son of a Congregational minister, he was educated at the City of London School and the School of Mines, Jermyn Street. He was then apprenticed to J. \& W.Dudgeon of Millwall, marine engineers, and went on to become a draughtsman to Sir Charles Marsh Palmer of Jarrow (with whom he took part in the development of the compound steam-engine for marine use) and T.M.Tennant \& Co. of Leith. In 1874 he was appointed Professor of Engineering at University College, London. He built up an influential School of Engineering, being the first in England to integrate laboratory work as a regular feature of instruction. The engineering laboratory that he established in 1878 has been described as "the first of its kind in England" (Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers). He and his students conducted important experiments on the strength and elasticity of materials, boiler testing and related subjects. He followed the teaching of Franz Reuleaux, whose Kinematics of Machinery he translated from the German.While thus breaking new educational ground at University College, Kennedy concurrently established a very thriving private practice as a consulting engineer in partnership with Bernard Maxwell Jenkin (the son of Fleeming Jenkin), to pursue which he relinquished his academic posts in 1889. He planned and installed the whole electricity system for the Westminster Electric Supply Corporation, and other electricity companies. He was also heavily involved in the development of electrically powered transport systems. During the First World War he served on a panel of the Munitions Invention Department, and after the war he undertook to record photographically the scenes of desolation in his book From Ypres to Verdun (1921). Towards the end of his life, he pursued his interest in archaeology with the exploration of Petra, recorded in a monograph: Petra. Its History and Monuments (1925). He also joined the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1879, becoming the President of that body in 1894, and he joined the Institution of Electrical Engineers in 1890. Kennedy was thus something of an engineering polymath, as well as being an outstanding engineering educationalist.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1887. Knighted 1905. Member, Institution of Civil Engineers 1879; President, 1906. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1894.Bibliography1921, From Ypresto Verdum.1925, Petra. Its History and Monuments.Further ReadingDNB supplement.1928–9, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 221:269–75.ABBiographical history of technology > Kennedy, Sir Alexander Blackie William
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17 Vauban, Sébastien de
[br]b. 15 May 1633 St-Léger-de-Fougeret, Château Chinon, Nièvre, Franced. 20 March 1707 Paris, France[br]French civil and military engineer.[br]Born of impecunious parents, Vauban joined Condé's regiment as a cadet in 1651, at the age of 17, although he had apparently acquired some knowledge of mathematics and fortifications in the Carmelite College of Semur-en-Auxois. In the war of the Fronde he was captured by the Royal troops in 1653 and was converted to the king's service. He was soon recognized as having engineering ability and was given the task of repairing the fortifications of Sainte-Menehould. During the next few years he was engaged on fortification repairs and assisting at sieges, including Ypres, Gravelines and Oudenarde in 1658. Vauban found favour with the king, Louis XIV, and was responsible for the fortifications of Lille, which had been captured in 1667; he commenced the defensive structures of the citadel and the town in 1668. These were completed in 1674 and consisted of a vast pentagonal fort with bastions and further detached works surrounded by water defences. In 1692 he was present at the siege of Namur and was responsible for its capture. He was then put in charge of re-establishing and improving the defences. He next developed a line of fortresses along the French border. He later was abandoned by the king, whom he had served so well, and, with his advice being ignored by the French forces, they suffered defeat after defeat in Marlborough's wars.Meanwhile he had been called in to inspect the recently completed Canal du Midi and subsequently made recommendations for its improvement. These included the extension of the Montagne Noire feeder, and the construction of the Cesse and Orbiel aqueducts which were carried out to his design and under his supervision in 1686–7. In 1700 he was consulted on and produced a plan for a canal across France from north to south, providing a barge waterway from Nîmes to Dunkirk, but this was not carried out.In 1703 he was created maréchal de France, and two years later he devised vast schemes for the development of the canal system in Flanders. Owing to determined opposition from the local people, these schemes were abandoned and not revived until 1770, by which time the locals were prepared to accept them.[br]Further ReadingSir Reginald Blomfield, 1938, Sébastien lePrestre de Vauban, 1633–1707, Methuen. D.Halevy, 1924, Vauban. Builder of Fortresses, trans. C.J.C.Street, Geoffrey Bles.JHB
См. также в других словарях:
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Ypres — (en néerl. Ieper) v. de Belgique (Flandre Occid.); 34 430 hab. Industr. alimentaires et textiles. Halle aux draps des XIIIe XIVe s. (Ypres était alors l un des grands centres drapiers d Europe); collégiale St Martin (XIIe XVe s.). Tenue par les… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Ypres — steht für: den französischen Namen der belgischen Stadt Ypern eine Bezeichnung für ein Zeitintervall der Erdgeschichte, siehe Ypresium ein Titularbistum der Römisch katholischen Kirche Diese Seite ist eine … Deutsch Wikipedia
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Ypres — [ē′pr ] town in NW Belgium, near the French border: center of heavy fighting in WWI: pop. 35,000 … English World dictionary
Ypres — Infobox Belgium Municipality name=Ypres Ieper nl picture= picture map West Flanders arms=Wapenschild ieper.jpg region=BE REG FLE community=BE NL province=BE PROV WV arrondissement=Ypres nis=33011 pyramid date=January 1, 2006 0 19=22.52 20… … Wikipedia
Ypres — Fr. /ee prddeu/; Brit. or facetious /wuy peuhrz/, n. a town in W Belgium: battles 1914 18. 34,758. Flemish, Ieper. * * * ▪ Belgium (French), Flemish Ieper municipality, West Flanders province (province), western Be … Universalium
Ypres — noun 1. battle in World War I (1917); an Allied offensive which eventually failed because tanks bogged down in the waterlogged soil of Flanders; Germans introduced mustard gas which interfered with the Allied artillery • Syn: ↑battle of Ypres,… … Useful english dictionary
Ypres — /ˈiprə/ (say eepruh) noun 1. a town in Belgium, in western Flanders. 2. Battle of, one of the five major battles between Allied and German forces that took place near this town during World War I: in October–November 1914, April–May 1915,… …
